Audiovisual Aids Research Articles

Assessment of effect of health song on oral hygiene status among visually impaired children

Background: The visually impaired depend much on sound, speech, and touch, and therefore, promotion of oral hygiene maintenance through a health song can improve their oral hygiene practices. Aim and Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of oral health song on oral hygiene status among visually impaired children at baseline and after oral health education (OHE) at different time intervals. Materials and Methods: A study was carried out in Government Blind School, Salem, with prior permission. Out of 63 students, 57 students were taken to the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven students were lost to follow-up during the second visit and 9 students during the last visit. During the first visit, a health talk about brushing techniques was given without using any audiovisual aids, and oral health song which is of 2 min duration was taught to the students. Each of the students was given a tooth cast model and was taught how to brush. The oral hygiene status was assessed at baseline and 15th and 45th day using visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI). Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The Bonferroni test was to compare the VPI and GBI scores between the baseline, 15 days, and 45 days, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: VPI and GBI scores were found to be statistically significant at different intervals (P < 0.001). The VPI anterior and posterior percentage (P < 0.001) and GBI anterior and posterior percentage (P < 0.001) at different intervals were found to be statistically highly significant. Conclusion: A song with music can increase interest and helps them retain information easily, which was found to be effective in the present study.

Learning gain in web (internet) sourced seminars versus textbook sourced seminars in postgraduate medical students.

BACKGROUND:In the past, textbook or printed material was the only source of information for medical students or post-graduate students. After the introduction of internet, knowledge can be accessed easily which is updated with various aids such as animation, videos which improve the learning efficiency. This study was conducted to compare the learning efficiency between textbook-based seminar to that of internet-based seminar in postgraduate students of the department of dermatology.MATERIALS AND METHODS:It was a non-randamized controlled study. The postgraduate students in the department of dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical college, DMIMS(DU),Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India were divided into two equal groups by simple randomization method by flipping the coin. Totally 20 seminar topics were divided into two groups (A and B) consisting of 10 seminars in each group. Postgraduate students assigned in group A were asked to prepare seminar solely from textbooks while in group B, students were asked to prepare seminar by referring internet. Feedback form which consists of 7 points, i.e. appearance, completeness of preparation, clarity of presentation, appropriate use of audio visual aids, understanding of subject, ability to answer questions, and overall performance were filled up from faculties and postgraduate students after completion of each seminar. Pretest and post-test were filled up from postgraduate students before and after each seminar respectively. Learning gain was calculated by comparing the scores of pretest and posttest. Paired t-test was used to compare results in the group and unpaired t-test was used to compare results between the two groups.RESULTS:Faculties' feedback on overall performance was higher (4.59 ± 0.15) in web-based seminars as compared to in textbook-based seminars (3.85 ± 0.1) with significant P = 0.008. Furthermore, postgraduate students' feedback showed statistical significant value of 0.02 in web-based seminars (4.65 ± 0.06) compared to textbook-based seminars (3.2 ± 0.06). Learning gain was significantly higher in web-based seminar compared to textbook-based seminar with P = 0.02.CONCLUSION:It can be concluded that web-based learning can improve the learning efficiency in postgraduate medical students.

MULTIMODAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED VIDEOS FOR TEACHING VOCABULARY TO EFL PRIMARY STUDENTS IN IRAQ

The growth in technology and COVID 19 pandemic has led to the creation of a bulk of learning resources for all subjects at all levels of education. Skills-based subjects are also being taught online. Teachers and educational experts have combined efforts to develop audio-visual aids that are intended for self-learning. Most of these are short videos that make use of multiple modes like sound, images as well as instruction. The teacher or instructor directly addresses the learners and presents content or concepts as in a live classroom. While presenting, he/she takes help of images or sound tracks. Hence, the impact of the lesson is the total effects of all the modes, including the teacher’s verbal, non-verbal instructions, the sound/music/songs/ and the images, photographs and content in the form of ppt. In order to understand the complete effect of a lesson, it is necessary to identify and isolate each kind of mode used during the lesson and to analyse it. Since the mode is multiple, the discourse analysis must also be multi-modal. This study is based on this assumption.

PKM Konseling Personal Hygiene pada Lansia di Wilayah Pesantren Nurul Jadid Karanganyar Paiton Probolinggo

Personal hygiene is an act to maintain the cleanliness and health of a person for physical and psychological well-being. Lack of knowledge and information about the importance of personal hygiene makes the elderly not think too much about the impact that personal hygiene will have on the elderly. So that education (counseling) related to personal hygiene can increase knowledge in the elderly about the importance of maintaining and caring for personal hygiene. This counseling uses audiovisual in the form of video media (AVA or Audio Visual Aids). The result of this community service is a fact that the counseling went well and the elderly felt happy with the knowledge that was given. A healthy and clean lifestyle needs to be continuously socialized because cleanliness is the root of health and the elderly are susceptible to various diseases that originate from body uncleanness.

Perception of University Teachers and Students Regarding the Use and Effectiveness of Audio Visual Aids in their Daily Classroom Teaching

Perception of University Teachers and Students Regarding the Use and Effectiveness of Audio Visual Aids in their Daily Classroom Teaching

Stakeholders' Perceptions regarding the use of Hologram for Educational Purposes in District Toba Tek Singh, Pakistan

Hologram is essential in education because it is more helpful for students to clear their concepts through moving objects and engaging many students. Different hologram types are used in various educational institutes such as reflection holograms, transmission holograms, and pyramid holograms. It is an exciting and widely discussed tool in the world. ICTs are frequently used, such as computers, laptops, projectors, smart boards, and other audiovisual aids. The study's purpose was to attain stakeholders' perceptions regarding the use of holograms for educational purposes in District Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan. The total sample size of 116 respondents were selected from the population by using a simple random sampling technique. The results indicated that most of the respondents were agreed that the strengths of hologram technology could be meaningful in the teaching-learning process. It is also concluded that students fear new technology will be less and more time-saving due to hologram technology use in the teaching-learning process. It also discovered that lack of leadership's quality was a significant barrier to adopting hologram technology in the education system.

Benefits and pitfalls of learning anatomy using the dissection module in an indian medical school: A millennial Learner's perspective

BackgroundFor generations, the use of cadavers has been the chief pillar for learning anatomy. However, the limited availability of cadavers and the advent of modern technologies in learning have led to the use of substitutes such as prosection, anatomical models, and audio-visual (AV) aids. The current study was therefore undertaken to seek students' opinions regarding the usefulness of the traditional dissection module in the modern era of teaching-learning. MethodologyThe questionnaire-based study involved 145 medical undergraduate students exposed to dissection in anatomy during their first year (2018–19). Three themes were identified based on the students’ responses. They were advantages of learning anatomy by dissection, disadvantages of learning anatomy by dissection, and dissection classes versus other educational resources used in learning anatomy. The students' opinions related to the themes were considered. ResultsThe majority of the students stated that the act of dissection deepens one's understanding (91.8%) and provides a three-dimensional perspective of structures (92.4%). A group of students felt that the dissection is time-consuming (57%) and prosection (64.6%) helped them gain information quicker. However, when asked whether dissection should be eliminated from the curriculum, the majority (86%) of the students disagreed. However, the students agreed that dissection should be supported by educational tools (74%). ConclusionThe study strengthens the belief of using dissection for better anatomy learning and adds that dissection hall teaching is the best approach for anatomy teaching-learning. Millennial learners prefer the act of dissection to learn practical anatomy and consider the recent advances such as simulator-based education, video demonstrations, virtual and augmented reality only as supplements.

Video-augmentation of the informed consent process in mental health research: An exploratory study from India.

Only around 50-75% of individuals fully understand the various aspects of informed consent in research. The aim of our study was to examine whether supplementing the conventional paper-based informed consent process with an audiovisual aid improves participants' understanding of the informed consent process and the information conveyed to them. Participants from two mental health/substance use intervention development studies were recruited for this study through consecutive sampling. They were then administered the traditional paper information and consenting process by itself or in combination with a video depicting the procedures of the study. Subsequently a bespoke questionnaire was administered to assess the participants' understanding of the information conveyed to them about the parent study. The various domains of the questionnaire were compared between those who were administered the two different consenting processes using the chi square test. 27 (58.7%) participants were administered the traditional consenting process and 19 were administered the video-supplemented consenting process. The video-supplemented consenting process was not superior to the traditional paper-based informed consent process on any of the domains examined. In settings with participants having a limited education, and in research involving people with mental health or substance use problems, further research is necessary to identify contextually relevant best practices for the informed consent process.

OVERVIEW AND IDEAS FOR ORGANIZING AN ONLINE LANGUAGE CLASS

Online language class can be set in two ways whether it uses a synchronous or asynchronous system. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the teaching-learning process is conducted online. Therefore, this paper does not only provide some overviews of the teaching-learning process in online English language classes (starting from providing an overview of the choices of a class setting, the tools and the reasons for their use, the challenges in conducting online language classes, the most applicable tools to use in online language classes) but also presents ideas covering four language skills to set online language classes in the post-pandemic era lively. This study uses convergent mixed method where questionnaires, interviews, and field notes are collected at roughly the same time to provide a comprehensive analysis of the research problem. The findings show a combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning as the most suitable and effective systems to conduct online language classes. The most challenging factors of online classes are adaptation in using an online learning platform and an unstable signal. WhatsApp and Google Classroom are the most used platform by the participants. In conclusion, combining both using synchronous and asynchronous learning is better to set creative audio-visual aid to deliver the lesson.&#x0D; &#x0D;

OVERVIEW AND IDEAS FOR ORGANIZING AN ONLINE LANGUAGE CLASS

Online language class can be set in two ways whether it uses a synchronous or asynchronous system. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the teaching-learning process is conducted online. Therefore, this paper does not only provide some overviews of the teaching-learning process in online English language classes (starting from providing an overview of the choices of a class setting, the tools and the reasons for their use, the challenges in conducting online language classes, the most applicable tools to use in online language classes) but also presents ideas covering four language skills to set online language classes in the post-pandemic era lively. This study uses convergent mixed method where questionnaires, interviews, and field notes are collected at roughly the same time to provide a comprehensive analysis of the research problem. The findings show a combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning as the most suitable and effective systems to conduct online language classes. The most challenging factors of online classes are adaptation in using an online learning platform and an unstable signal. WhatsApp and Google Classroom are the most used platform by the participants. In conclusion, combining both using synchronous and asynchronous learning is better to set creative audio-visual aid to deliver the lesson.&#x0D; &#x0D;

The Impact of Audio-Visual Aids on Learning English among MSU Third-Year Students

This study investigates the efficacy of audio-visual technologies in assisting MSU third-year students in learning English vocabulary. The interplay of audio-visual aids in educational conversations has been researched from a variety of perspectives (Tuovinen, 2000). Multimedia is a multimodal experience in which information is communicated through text, graphics, pictures, audio, and video. It has been demonstrated that a combination of words and images always carries a substantial quantity of information (Mayer, 2018: 55). The use of multimedia in teaching and learning. The goal of this research is to determine the efficiency of audiovisual aids in the learning of English vocabulary among MSU third-year students. The use of multimedia in instruction and learning threatens the foundations of higher education. The current study investigates how third-year students at Malaysia's Management and Science University use multimedia in their English studies (MSU). To fulfill the study's aims, the researchers used both a qualitative and quantitative approach. An online poll of 200 students enrolled in the Bachelor of English as a second language program was used to construct the study corpus (BTESL). In addition, 150 MSU students from the same program were polled. The study's findings indicate that multimedia inspires BTESL students to learn English creatively and engagingly. It also aroused students' attention and compelled them to learn new terms. Multimedia, according to the study, is an excellent tool for third-year English students. It also helps students enhance their understanding of correct terminology and language.

The Use of Audiovisual Materials to Teach Pronunciation in the ESL/EFL Classroom

In the new generation of language learning and teaching, the use of technology has spread within the language classrooms. This bibliographical exploratory research was carried out to examine the use of audiovisual materials as educators’ resources to teach pronunciation in the EFL/ESL classroom, their effects on students’ oral production. For this purpose, 20 academic papers associated with the use of audiovisual aids in the English classroom were analyzed. Furthermore, the papers were divided into five categories such as computer-assisted method, podcasts, songs, social media, and videos. The results of the study demonstrated that audiovisual aids assisted educators and students in the teaching-learning process. They contributed to the improvement of learners’ pronunciation at different English levels (beginner, intermediate, and advanced) as well as those having different ages (children, teenagers, adults) and diverse language backgrounds. Finally, this research provides information about effective strategies when using audiovisuals to help students improve their pronunciation.

THE USE OF SPECIALIZED TUTORING METHODS IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS FOR THE SECOND BACHELOR’S DEGREE STUDENTS DURING TEACHING-LEARNING THE FOREIGN BUSINESS LANGUAGE BASED ON THE FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

In globalized and progressive world more stringent requirements to high institutions are set. Future specialist in international relations not only should be familiarized with professional business competences including a certain number of skills, but due to the principles of the State Educational Standarts in Ukraine they should be able to read foreign scientific and technical literature, find out necessary information and apply the results in a proper way in their professional activity in foreign languages as well. The students’ level of mastering the language directly depends on the teaching methods being used.&#x0D; It could be observed during all its history the foreign business language teaching methods changed a lot of times emphasizing reading, translating, audition or combining these processes. Each method possesses its own certain importance and answers the specifically set pedagogical tasks e.g. brainstorming, audio-visual aids, group activities etc. The teaching literature review makes it possible to state that nowadays there is no an ideal, universal method yet that would enable to cover all the aspects in such a short time given to the foreign business language teaching-learning in higher institutions. The known combination of the existing methods and the teacher’s qualification, therefore, enables to make the lectures interesting and more effective. Methods: The given research paper is based on the theoratical material of the appliance of various teaching business foreign language methods for the second bachelor's degree students based on the faculty of international relations, as well as on the basis of the results from questioning the second bachelor's degree students who study foreign languages for special purposes in the field of international relations professions, and also of the results from questioning teachers specializing in teaching foreign languages for special purposes. Results: In the students’ opinion, the most effective methods of teaching foreign languages for special purposes in the field of international relations professions are the following: brainstorming method, in-group committee work and audio-visual aids.

The impact of instructional aids on academic achievement of biology students in higher institutions of learning in Potiskum Local Government Area, Yobe State

In this study, attempts was made to examine the influence of audio-visual instructional aid on students’ academic achievement in Biology in some selected higher institutions of learning in Yobe State. There is an urgent need to improve the quality of education to bridge the gap between developed and developing nations, and audio visual instruction is considered as a necessary tool for this purpose the objectives of the study was to identify the forms of instructional aids provided in higher institutions, to determine the utilization of instructional aids by teachers of higher institutions of learning, to determine the impact of instructional aids on academic achievement of Biology major students in higher institutions of learning to identify the challenges associated with instructional aids used by Biology teachers in higher institutions of learning in Potiskum Local government area Yobe state. The population of the study comprises of 500 Biology students’ from the following schools, Federal College of Education (technical) Potiskum and College of administration Management and Technology (CAMTECH) Potiskum. Twenty (20) Biology teachers representing the entire population of biology teachers in the two institution was used in the study. The instrument for data collection was Biology achievement test (pat) and structured questionnaire. Fifteen (15) items Biology achievement test (pat) was constructed from topics in the Biology curriculum. The data collected was analyzed using mean, standard deviation. Scores of different groups was computed. Results of the experimentation was used to answer research question. The result shows that the schools lacks functional audio materials for teaching biology at efficient level, the mean and standard deviation of 3.48 and 1.65 is an indication that there is no functional audio materials for effective teaching and learning Biology in the selected institutions. Where there is poor or no available audio materials the rate of utilization is basically not feasible. Similarly audio visual materials are not in use. the use of instructional materials in teaching Biology in the selected higher institutions shows a positive result, it is obvious that electricity and access to the instructional aid is not a problem in the schools but the main challenges faced by the teachers are inadequate lecture period that will warrant the use of audio-visual materials in teaching, poor or no constant monitoring of the lesson by the school administrators, lack of instruction assistant to help the teachers in fixing this gadgets before and during the lecture has contributed immensely to poor academic performance of the students in the selected higher institutions respectively. Technical know-how is a factor of concern poor knowledge of the gadgets by the teachers and the assistant is also a point of concern.

Overview of Pathogens causing Nosocomial Infections in Various Wards of a Tertiary Health Care Hospital and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern - A Prospective Surveillance Study

The major problem encountered in recent days due to the advent of emerging antimicrobial resistance strains is Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs). The spread of HAI is mainly through the hospital staff and the hospital settings’ inanimate surfaces. The study includes the surveillance of hospital surfaces, including wards and ICUs, by taking swabs dipped in normal saline. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (53.8%) was found to be the most common pathogen isolated, followed by Klebsiella species (18%), Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (16%), Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (6%), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (3%). The widespread presence of bacterial sensitivity to antimicrobials and the modifications insensitivity forms the basis for designing antibacterial therapy’s practical recommendations and rational use of antimicrobials. Proper display of all Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) materials at appropriate places play a significant role in preventing nosocomial infections. Audiovisual aids and training to the staff play utmost importance in preventing the spread of HAIs. All these can reduce the occurrence and outbreak of nosocomial conditions. Overall, these minimize health care costs.

Effectiveness of Audio-Visual on Male and Female Students’ Academic Performance in Social Studies

Technology development in the modern era assists teachers in creating a collaborative learning environment. Despite the effectiveness of audio-visual materials in teaching and learning, there are still some hinderances in its usage. This study investigated the effects of audio-visual aids on students’ academic performance in social studies in junior secondary schools. This study is an experimental study and the sample comprised of 50 junior secondary schools. The audio-visual was in powerpoint format with concepts of marriage as material of the social studies. Students were given test questions after been taught with the Audio-visual and the results of the test are indicators of their academic performance. Analysis of the data was carried out using analysis of t-test analysis. The findings established that audio-visual aids had positive effect on students’ performance and there is no significant difference between the performance of male and female students taught using audio-visual aids. This study concluded that audio-visual method of teaching had positive effect on student's academic performance. Thus, this implies that the conventional method of teaching is less effective and performance oriented. It was however recommended that adequate supervision, monitoring and the use of audio-visual in teaching social studies by teachers of the schools should be encouraged and given adequate attention.

PRACTICALAPPLICATION OF SIX SIGMA DMAIC METHODOLOGY IN EVALUATION OF PRE-ANALYTICAL QUALITY INDICATORS IN LABORATORY SETTINGS

The Six Sigma is a global management methodology that empowers clinical laboratories by better understanding of the quality in their laboratories and helps in improving quality and subsequently reducing laboratory costs. The objective of this prospective study was to practically apply Six Sigma on pre-analytical quality indicators i.e. pre-analytical phase errors of “Total Testing Process” in laboratory at PGIMER Satellite Centre, Sangrur (Punjab). In this study Six Sigma DMAIC ( Dene, Measure, Analyse, Improvement and Control) methodology was applied on routine Outpatient Department (OPD) samples received in hematology and biochemistry laboratory from May, 2020 to July, 2020 after institutional ethical committee permission. Pre-analytical phase errors were taken as pre-analytical quality indicators and were broadly classied in to requisition form and sampling errors. Sigma values and frequencies were calculated using Westgard formula present online at (www. westgard.com &gt; six sigma calculators) for pre-analytical phase errors. After that Improvement phase of DMAIC methodology was done by training of laboratory technicians or personell involved in pre-analytical phase by audio-visual aids. Six Sigma values were calculated again after improvement phase. A total of 787 requisition forms and 1105 samples were studied before improvement phase and 889 requisition forms and 1400 samples were studied after improvement phase. Before improvement phase, overall requisition form errors were working at 2.9 sigma and sampling process was working at 3.1 sigma but after improvement phase, requisition form errors were working at 3.3 sigma and sampling process was working at 3.5 sigma. Before and after improvement phase the sample rejection rate in laboratory improved from 1.90% to 0.93% highlighting the benecial concept of six sigma in laboratory in pre-analytical phase leading to increased clinicians and patients'satisfaction and prevents unusual delaying of reports.

Opportunity Seeking to Start Up Business Community Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Next Innovate Way

This study of business opportunities is showing an ability to understand or notice something easily or quickly is an ability of individual that can help to improve and develop the knowledge and skills of the student. The researcher reason in the development and utilization of instructional materials in business opportunities for entrepreneurship subject is to cultivate the availability, creativity and skills of the students to motivate them in pursuing the course and be part of their future career. This study of instructional module for the easy understanding of the training that the academe gave as guide and execution of the project or program that was aligning in the needs of the community. It has been identified that using instructional module to facilitate learning or instructions is not always the issue but how to use it and its availability. The instructional materials that the researchers propose will be urgency response in the new normal of learning. This workbook will guide the potential entrepreneurs’, students in business courses, and presently in operating a business. The increased quantity and quality of instructional module are producing a split from the traditional audiovisual aids approach to the more comprehensive and efficient learning resource concepts. The trainer problem today, is not the lack of materials but how to make the best instructional module use of those available. There are two characteristics of inherent instructional learning, first was the active learning, which involve in learning activities and the second was the continuous nature which cradle to the grave, before school, after school, outside of school and all through life.

Effectiveness of English Medium Instruction in Enhancing Students’ Lower Order Thinking Skills in Science at Primary School level in Swabi

The study was sought to determine the effectiveness of EMI in enhancing students learning at remembering level, to find out the effectiveness of EMI in enhancing students learning at the understanding level and to identify the effectiveness of EMI in enhancing students learning at applying level. Data were collected from 200 primary school teachers with the help of a closed-ended questionnaire containing 28 items based on Likert scale. Percentage, mean and standard deviation were used as statistical tool to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the participant were agreed that EMI is effective in enhancing students learning at the remembering level of class 4 th science. Most of the respondents disagreed that EMI is effective in enhancing students learning at understanding level of class 4 th science. More than half of the participants were not in favour of EMI, that it does not enhances students learning at applying level of class 4 th science. Based on findings results it was recommended that Government may think over their decision of introducing EMI at the primary school level for the better interest of students. The government may introduce EMI, if necessary, in only one subject from class 1 st and upgraded it gradually. The government may arrange refresher courses for teachers before introducing EMI. The course content of science may be developed according to the level of bloom's taxonomy. School Heads may also provide adequate audio-visual aids for adaptation of English as a Medium of Instruction. The teacher may also arrange their scheme of studies according to the table of specification . KEYWORDS English medium instruction, lower-order thinking skills, remembering, understanding, applying.

The Effect of Audio Visual Aids On The Level of Knowledge of Hemodialysis Patients

Hemodialysis has a therapeutic effect on patients with chronic renal failure. However, on the other hand, it can also cause acute complications that can negatively affect the quality of life. Acute complications can be prevented by changing the lifestyle of hemodialysis patients, one of which is by using audio-visual aids. This study aims to determine the effect of audio-visual aids on the patient's level of knowledge about dealing with acute complications of hemodialysis. This study used a quasi-experimental design with pre and post-tests without a control group with 30 hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion criteria as respondents. This study indicates a significant effect between the use of audio-visual aids and the level of knowledge related to the management of acute complications in hemodialysis patients (p-value= 0,000). Therefore, nurses can use audio-visual aids as a means of education to deal with acute complications of hemodialysis.