Audio Interviews Research Articles

The 360 diary method in experiential education: using social media as a complementary method to interviews and audio diaries

Although social media platforms with visual and audio storytelling features can provide rich qualitative data that offers deep insight into forms of outdoor experiential education, particularly for college-aged participants, few studies have investigated its potential in this field. This paper aims to extend understandings of social media research by drawing on a phenomenological study that employed the 360 Diary Method – an approach combining more ‘traditional’ qualitative approaches (interviews and audio diaries) with social media (Instagram and TikTok) – to explore the experiences of four college students who backpacked over 2,000 miles of the Appalachian Trail together. By comparing themes from multiple forms of qualitative data, findings show how Instagram and TikTok generate new understandings while texturizing what is shared verbally in audio diaries and interviews. Findings also highlight emerging theoretical and epistemological tensions when using social media in research due to its orientation towards performativity. This study concludes that in the digital age, utilising social media as a data source remains valuable but may be best employed in conjunction with other complementary qualitative methods to investigate the multi-layered nature of participant experiences in outdoor settings.

Sexual Function in Women With Pelvic Floor Disorders Who Have Sex with Women: A Qualitative Study

BackgroundUrogynecologic literature confirms that pelvic floor disorders are detrimental to sexual function in heterosexual women and that sexual function improves following treatment. Few data exist regarding these issues in women who have sex with women, potentially affecting patient-provider interactions, treatment choices and outcomes. ObjectiveTo describe sexual function concerns of women with pelvic floor disorders among women who have sex with women. Study DesignThis was a multi-center qualitative study conducted to explore the sexual function of women who have sex with women and to investigate how pelvic floor dysfunction affected their sexual function. A semi-structured interview guide was created to conduct one-on-one interviews via digital conferencing. The audio interviews were transcribed and deidentified. Transcripts were then analyzed with line-by-line coding by at least two independent researchers and organized into themes using a team-based approach. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was reached. Domains investigated included: knowledge and beliefs regarding pelvic floor disorders, impact of pelvic floor disorders on sexual function, and sexual function in general. ResultsEighteen women who have sex with women participated in cognitive interviews. Thematic saturation was reached. Participants’ average age was 49.0 (+/-16.6) years, the majority self-identified as Non-Hispanic White, were healthy with minimal chronic medical conditions, and were married or living with a partner. Four major concepts emerged from the focus groups: (1) pelvic floor disorders resulted in fear and embarrassment and negatively affected sexual function, (2) women adapted their sexual lives to accommodate PFDs, (3) partner choice & communication with that partner could ameliorate PFD effects on sexual function, and (4) women shared impressions potentially affecting future sexual function research and clinical care of women who have sex with women; a need for broader interpretation of sexual activity, the importance of non-judgment and recognition of potential history of sexual trauma. ConclusionA major theme reported by women with pelvic floor disorders who have sex with women mirrored those of heterosexual women; fear and embarrassment regarding their pelvic floor disorders and their effect on sexual function. These women also voiced novel viewpoints regarding sexual function and amelioration of pelvic floor disorder effects on sexual activity by partner choice and partner communication. Novel issues that could affect future sexual function research and clinical care of women who have sex with women include broadening the definition of sexual activity and emphasizing the importance of non-judgmental and trauma-informed care.

An Analysis of Teachers’ Questioning Strategies during the Classroom Interaction (A Descriptive Qualitative Research on SMK Negeri 1 Paloh)

A good teaching-learning process involves students and teachers as a single main source in the classroom. Student participation is essential in the teaching-learning process because it allows for good interaction between teachers and students. Teachers' questioning strategies can encourage students to participate more actively in the language-learning process. Teachers must use questioning strategies because they are one of the factors that contribute to an effective teaching and learning process. The purpose of this study was to learn about the types of English teachers' questioning strategies and why they used them in their classroom interactions at SMK Negeri 1 Paloh. In this study, the writer used a descriptive qualitative method. To collect data, the writer conducted classroom observations and recorded audio interviews. The data was collected from two English teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Paloh who teach in grades X and XI to determine the types of questioning strategies used and why they were used during classroom interactions. Based on the observations, the study findings indicate that the teachers asked procedural, convergent, and divergent questions. During the classroom interaction in which they were asked the question, the English teachers actively used question strategies to assess the student's understanding of the previous material, to attract the students' attention, to support the students' contributions in class, and to motivate the students to learn. As a result, the English teacher used their questioning strategies in their teaching-learning process, and the students were more active and confident in their ability to understand and answer questions.

Athletic Trainers’ Perceptions of the Structure and Barriers to Online Continuing Education Clinical Documentation Modules

Context Athletic trainers (ATs) appreciate the accessibility of web-based continuing education (CE) opportunities. ATs describe needing more CE opportunities related to clinical documentation, but the effectiveness of CE in this content area has not been studied. Objective Obtain ATs’ perceptions of their experiences accessing web-based CE specific to clinical documentation. Design Qualitative study. Setting Web-based audio interviews. Patients or Other Participants Twenty-nine ATs, averaging 36.2 ± 9.0 years of age, including 16 women and 13 men who represented 8 different clinical practice settings. Data Collection and Analysis Participants previously completed 1 of 2 web-based CE modules specific to clinical documentation, a personalized learning pathway (PLP) or passive reading list (PAS). After completing the modules, 1 investigator interviewed each participant regarding their experiences accessing and completing the modules. Following the Consensual Qualitative Research approach, 4 investigators (3 primary coders and 1 internal auditor) inductively analyzed the interview transcripts. We completed 5 rounds of consensus coding and finalized themes and supporting categories. Results We identified 2 themes: (1) structure and (2) barriers to completing the modules. Although both groups were satisfied with the content of the modules, PLP participants were more satisfied with the structure and experience of accessing the resources than the PAS participants. PLP participants enjoyed the engagement of the variety of resources included, whereas PAS participants inconsistently accessed reading materials based on personal preference. Both groups described time as a barrier to completing the modules, and some participants experienced technology barriers. Conclusions ATs value web-based CE opportunities that compile information related to a topic. Learners find a variety of learning formats, including videos, case studies, knowledge checks, and reflection prompts, to be more engaging than only reading materials. Although time continues to be a barrier to completing CE, offering accessible and engaging learning opportunities improves satisfaction with completing CE.

Remote interviewing, accessibility, and scams: Notes on a case of fraudulent responses to a recruitment flyer

Remote interviewing has become even more common since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and allows greater accessibility for many interview participants regardless of pandemic circumstances. This accessibility is especially important in the context of my research with autistic individuals. However, it may also expose interview studies to the same concerns about fraudulent responses that survey studies face. While advice for survey research often suggests requiring interviews as a way to discourage fraudulent responses, I had participants I later concluded were misrepresenting their eligibility actually complete audio interviews. In this note, I describe my experience with this potential scam, the solutions I rejected, and the solutions I ultimately implemented to add additional screening questions related to where the participant lived and how they heard about the study. In line with my interpretivist and constructivist approach to autism studies, I focus on strategies for identifying who is “really eligible” without gatekeeping who is “really autistic.” I argue that many of the suggestions for identifying fraudulent participants may inappropriately exclude autistic or neurodivergent individuals, and describe a framework for identifying locally relevant and culturally appropriate screening questions that do not overly burden or scrutinize participants.

A hierarchical model of accelerating factors to promote urban renewal and reconstruction of unsafe and old buildings

The issue of urban renewal is complex and multifaceted. In this study, six specialists in the construction industry were invited to conduct audio interviews, which were compiled into verbatim text. The key phrases were extracted by Grounded theory, and three levels of coding were retrieved. The data were categorized into ten accelerating urban renewal factors in three constructs to establish an Analytic Hierarchy Process framework. Using institutional theory to construct outcomes based on grounded theory, transforming these into specific urban renewal relation issue elements.113 AHP questionnaires were collected from five types of specialists, including practitioners, professionals, participants in urban renewal, academics, and government staff. The results show that relaxing the plot ratio control and incentives is ranked No. 1 by practitioners, participants in urban renewal, professionals, and academics, indicating that the factor is highly valued by specialists but neglected by government staff. Secondly, practitioners, academics, participants in urban renewal, and professionals identified incentives and rewards for urban renewal and enhancing the trust and credibility of urban renewal projects as crucial factors. However, the government staff showed a different weighting. This indicates that government staff is determined to accelerate urban renewal. Finally, the suggestion of this study is in line with the views of the specialists interviewed, who suggest that the government should hold public hearings regularly and seriously to listen to people and specialists. Only through public hearings can all parties reach a consensus. The government should consolidate the views of all parties to amend or enact a bill on urban renewal that is more in line with the changes of the times, including appropriately relaxing the control of building plot ratio and other accelerating factors, to promote urban renewal in Taiwan.

Qualitative investigation of military surgical resuscitation teams: what are the drivers of success of a rapid response team?

ObjectivesThis qualitative study explores the characteristics of a specialised military medical rapid response team (MRRT), the surgical resuscitation team (SRT). Despite mixed evidence of efficacy, civilian MRRTs are widely employed,...

Perspectives on Admissions and Care for Residents With Opioid Use Disorder in Skilled Nursing Facilities

Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) are being referred more individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD), even when their medical needs are not directly associated with OUD. To characterize factors that influence SNF admission for individuals with OUD and identify strategies for providing medications for OUD (MOUD) in SNFs. In this semistructured qualitative study, interviews were conducted with SNF administrators from 27 SNFs in Rhode Island from November 5, 2021, to April 27, 2022. Data analysis occurred from August 22, 2022, to May 31, 2023. Themes and subthemes on administrator perspectives on admissions and care for people with OUD in SNFs. Audio interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using codebook thematic analysis and guided by community-engaged and participatory research principles. The study included 29 participants representing 27 SNFs in Rhode Island. Participant roles were administrators (17 participants [59%]), directors of nursing (6 participants [21%]), directors of admissions (5 participants [17%]), and unit managers (1 participant [3%]). Participants described active substance use, Medicaid insurance, housing instability, and younger age as potential barriers to SNF admission for individuals with OUD. The lack of formal guidelines for OUD management, staff shortages, facility liability, state regulations, and skills and training deficits among staff were cited among challenges of effectively meeting the needs of residents with OUD. Many participants reported inadequate institutional capacity as a source of negative outcomes for people with OUD yet expressed their concerns by characterizing individuals with OUD as potentially violent, nonadherent, or likely to bring undesirable elements into facilities. Participants also shared strategies they used to better serve residents with OUD, including providing transportation to support group meetings in the community, delivery in advance of resident arrival of predosed methadone, and telemedicine through the state's hotline to prescribe buprenorphine. In this qualitative study of administrator perspectives about admissions and care for individuals with OUD in SNFs, gaps in institutional capacity overlapped with stigmatizing beliefs about OUD; such beliefs perpetuate discrimination of individuals with OUD. Adequate SNF funding and staffing combined with OUD-specific interventions (eg, antistigma training, community partnerships for MOUD and recovery support) could incentivize SNFs to serve individuals with OUD and facilitate OUD care consistent with practice guidelines.

The Experience of Multilingual Doctoral Students Related to Academic Success: A Descriptive Qualitative Study

When multilingual students face the challenge of writing a doctoral capstone or dissertation, delays in academic progress may occur. The aim of this study was to identify writing challenges multilingual doctoral students face and provide recommendations regarding learner-centered resources to support timely academic success, as literature regarding multilingual students and language diversity in the doctoral environment is limited.<em> </em>A qualitative descriptive design was used for this study, and six multilingual DNP and PhD alumni participated. Data were collected using semi-structured audio interviews and analyzed using iterative content analysis.<em> </em>The findings support the need for community and culture to support language identity and doctoral writing development. Findings also support that early diagnostics of writing issues and opportunities for editorial feedback help support multilingual doctoral students.<em> </em>Findings also suggest a need for faculty and academic team development regarding the impacts of language diversity and culture on academic writing. Ultimately the goal is to help all graduate students preserve and share their identity in their writing.

The role of community engagement toward ensuring healthy lives: a case study of COVID-19 management in two Ghanaian municipalities.

Community engagement is one of the important requirements for strengthening health delivery in communities in a bid to achieve sustainable development goal 3, target 3.3 (SDG 3.3). The World Health Organization has strongly encouraged the use the five levels of community engagement, which are informing, consulting, planning, collaborating, and empowering communities in order to build resilience and to enable them contribute to the fight against diseases and for the uptake of health interventions. This study sought to explore and describe from the view of government institutions in Ghana how they engaged communities in COVID- 19 management and vaccine acceptance and how the communities within two municipalities also perceived the engagement process as well as the lessons that can be learned in engaging communities to deal with other health challenges and interventions toward the attainment of SDG 3 target 3.3. This case study qualitative research project employed in-depth interviews among 36 respondents composed of government officials (the Ghana Health Service (GHS), the Information Services Department (ISD), the National Commission on Civic Education (NCCE) and two Municipal Assemblies), and community leaders and 10 focus group discussions among 87 men and women most of whom were natives and some migrants in two administrative municipalities in Ghana. Data were collected from June to September 2021. Audio interviews were transcribed and uploaded to Nvivo 12 to support triangulation, coding, and thematic analysis. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Health and Allied Sciences' Research Ethics Committee and all COVID-19 restrictions were observed. The findings revealed that all the four government institutions educated and informed the communities within their municipalities on COVID-19 management and vaccine acceptance. However, the Ghana Health Service was the most effective in the engagement spectrum of the other four; consulting, involving, collaborating, and empowering communities in the process of COVID-19 management and vaccine acceptance. The GHS achieved that through its CHPS program, which ensured a decentralized health service provision system with multiple programs and leveraging on its multiple programs to reach out to the communities. Government institutions such as the NCCE and the ISD faced challenges such as limited funding and support from the government to be able to carry out their tasks. Additionally, they were not involved with the communities prior to the pandemic and for that matter, they did not have access to community systems such as committees, and existing groups to facilitate the engagement process. Using communities to support Ghana's attainment of the SDG 3 target 3.3 is possible; however, the government needs to provide funds and resources to the institutions responsible to enable them to carry out community engagement effectively. Also, promoting decentralization among institutions can strengthen community engagement processes. It is important that state institutions continue to strategize to empower communities in order to promote their participation in healthcare interventions and in the fight against infectious diseases in Ghana.

AN ANALYSIS ON EMPHATIC LISTENING STYLE IN EFL CLASSROOM

The objectives of this research are: (1) To explore the styles of empathic listening skill used by EFL teacher in the classroom at SMP Negeri 4 Majauleng; (2) To determine EFL students’ perceptions toward empathic listening skill in the classroom at SMP Negeri 4 Majauleng. This study employed a qualitative research methodology. The researcher used a qualitative method, observing classrooms through video and audio recording, documentation, and interviews with teachers and students. The subject of the research was 20 students from one class who have participated in emphatic learning activities and assessed their views of emphatic listening in the learning activity SMP Negeri 4 Majauleng. The instrument of the research used observationand Interview. The Result of the research show that EFL teacher of SMP Negeri 4 Majauleng applied five empathic listening styles, they are questioning, advising, judging, analyzing and supporting. The students gave positive perception toward the used of empathic listening skill by the teacher in the classroom due to the fact that the emphatic listening gave good influence to the listening skill of the students.

Barriers and Facilitators to Exercise in Older Adults Awaiting Kidney Transplantation and Their Care Partners

Despite guidelines calling to improve physical activity in older adults, and evidence suggesting that prekidney transplant physical function is highly associated with posttransplant outcomes, only a small percentage of older patients treated with dialysis are engaged in structured exercise. We sought to elucidate barriers and facilitators of exercise among older adults treated with dialysis awaiting transplant and their care partners. Individual, in-depth, cognitive interviews were conducted separately for patients and care partners through secure web-conferencing. Twenty-three patients (≥50 years of age, treated with dialysis from the University of San Francisco kidney transplantation clinic, with a short physical performance battery of≤10) and their care partners. All audio interviews were transcribed verbatim. Three investigators independently coded data and performed qualitative thematic content. The interview guide was updated iteratively based on the Capability Opportunity Motivation Behavior model. Patients' median age was 60 years (57 ± 63.5) and care partners' median ages was 57 years (49.5 ± 65.5). Thirty-nine percent of patients and 78% of care partners were female, 39% of patients and 30% of care partners self-identified as African American, and 47% of dyads were spouse or partner relationships. Major themes for barriers to pretransplant exercise included lack of understanding of an appropriate regimen, physical impairments, dialysis schedules, and safety concerns. Major facilitators included having individualized or structured exercise programs, increasing social support for patients and care partners, and motivation to regain independence or functionality or to promote successful transplantation. Participants geographically limited to Northern California. Although patients and care partners report numerous barriers to pretransplant exercise and activity, they also reported many facilitators. An individualized, structured, home-based exercise program could circumvent many of the reported barriers and allow older patients to improve pretransplant physical function.

Athletic Trainers' Perceptions of and Experiences With Professional Development Approaches for Enhancing Clinical Documentation.

Little is known about how athletic trainers (ATs) learn clinical documentation, but previous studies have identified that ATs have a need for more educational resources specific to documentation. To obtain ATs' perspectives on learning clinical documentation. Qualitative study. Web-based audio interviews. Twenty-nine ATs who completed 2 different continuing education (CE) clinical documentation modules. Participants averaged 36.2 ± 9.0 years of age and included 16 women and 13 men representing 21 US states and 8 clinical practice settings. Participants were recruited from a group of ATs who completed 1 of 2 web-based CE clinical documentation modules. Within 3 weeks of completing the educational modules, participants were interviewed regarding their perceptions of how they learn clinical documentation, including their experiences completing the modules. Using the Consensual Qualitative Research approach, 3 researchers and 1 internal auditor inductively analyzed the data during 5 rounds of consensus coding. Trustworthiness measures included multianalyst triangulation, data source triangulation, and peer review. Two themes emerged from the data, including (1) mechanisms of learning documentation and (2) benefits of the educational modules. Athletic trainers primarily learn documentation through professional education and workforce training, but training appears to be inconsistent. Participants perceived that both educational modules were effective at increasing their knowledge and confidence related to learning documentation. The CE modules incited a growth mindset and intention to change behavior. Athletic trainers are satisfied with web-based CE learning experiences specific to clinical documentation and may benefit from more CE offered in these formats. Educators are encouraged to integrate clinical documentation principles throughout the curriculum during both didactic and clinical education. Workforce training is also valuable for improving knowledge and skills related to clinical documentation, and employers should onboard and support ATs as they start new positions.

Archiving Facts and Documentary Films: Sites of Memorial Struggle for the October 6, 1976, Massacre in Thailand

None of the perpetrators involved in the October 6, 1976, massacre in Thailand have been brought to justice. It has been this “culture of impunity” that limits the possibility of truth projects. Past state violence has been protected by the country's blanket amnesty laws and libel laws. Additionally, unreleased archival materials are restricted from public release by copyright law. Audiovisual and documentary evidence for counter‐memory projects are thus challenged. On the other hand, evidence collected by activist archivist groups reveals painful memories from the relatives of victims and provides hope for truth‐seeking. Collections of photographs, audio interviews, testimonies, and artifacts are utilized by both archivists and documentary filmmakers to forge claims toward restorative justice. And while the dominant discourse forces society at large to keep silent, historians, archivists, and filmmakers collectively resist forgetting. Together they lay claim to photographic and audio evidence as well as personal painful memories to illustrate and generate public dialogue, telling truths through sight and sound. Some of these archival efforts led to practices in participatory documentary‐making. Collectively, these efforts in archival practice and filmmaking give birth to an ethic of immediation in humanitarianism. Thailand's next generation is engaged in recalling memories of past state violence and questioning the present authoritarian regime through archival filmmaking and exhibition practices.

The podcast as strategy to professional development and knowledge transfer in Health Care Planning

Abstract Background Is a notorious concern to seek new ways to use technologies in strategies for the development of health professionals with a focus on changes in the work process of health teams and in management practices. The PlanificaSUS Project implements the Health Care Planning (HCP) methodology in Brazil, with a goal to organizing and integrating Primary Health Care (PHC) and Specialized Outpatient Care (SOC) services. Some materials present podcasts as one of the pedagogical resources for reflection and discussion of heath themes. In this sense, each episode of the podcast has a specific theme. Objective: Report the experience of using podcast as a strategy to professional development and knowledge transfer in Health Care Planning. Results So far, nine podcast episodes, lasting ten minutes each, have been made available in the HCP materials and total more than 15,000 views. This strategy reached 4,000 health professionals, who work in 1,635 health units, distributed in 19 federative units in Brazil. All podcasts episodes are prepared using language that dialogues with the health professional and stimulates discussions of changes through cycles of continuous improvement. In specific HCP evaluation moments, participants demonstrated that, in their practice scenarios, the use of the podcast together with repetitive listening, helped to significantly improve their understanding. Conclusions The podcast presents flexibility in its aspects of production and distribution, supporting pedagogical possibilities. As one of the great challenges the training of teacher specialists to produce podcasts, this requires not only technological fluency, but also pedagogical fluency. The use and study of this tool in the educational context of health in Brazil is still incipient, but possible in the different realities of the country. Main messages: The podcast strategy has promising attributes for developing knowledge transfer strategies among healthcare professionals. Key messages • The podcast support possibility of making educational material available in the form of lectures or audio interviews, being accessible at any time without limitation of location. • It is important to provide information access strategies for professionals who have difficulty obtaining protected time to read and study.

"Everything's so Role-Specific": VA Employee Perspectives' on Electronic Health Record (EHR) Transition Implications for Roles and Responsibilities.

Electronic health record (EHR) transitions are increasingly widespread and often highly disruptive. It is imperative we learn from past experiences to anticipate and mitigate such disruptions. Veterans Affairs (VA) is undergoing a large-scale transition from its homegrown EHR (CPRS/Vista) to a commercial EHR (Cerner), creating a unique opportunity of shedding light on large-scale EHR-to-EHR transition challenges. To explore one facet of the organizational impact of VA's EHR transition: its implications for employees' roles and responsibilities at the first VA site to implement Cerner Millennium EHR. As part of a formative evaluation of frontline staff experiences with VA's EHR transition, we conducted brief (~ 15min) and full-length interviews (~ 60min) with clinicians and staff at Mann-Grandstaff VA Medical Center in Spokane, WA, before, during, and after transition (July 2020-November 2021). We conducted 111 interviews with 26 Spokane clinicians and staff, recruited via snowball sampling. We conducted audio interviews using a semi-structured guide with grounded prompts. We coded interview transcripts using a priori and emergent codes, followed by qualitative content analysis. Unlike VA's previous EHR, Cerner imposes additional restrictions on access to its EHR functionality based upon "roles" assigned to users. Participants described a mismatch between established institutional duties and their EHR permissions, unanticipated changes in scope of duties brought upon by the transition, as well as impediments to communication and collaboration due to different role-based views. Health systems should anticipate substantive impacts on professional workflows when EHR role settings do not reflect prior workflows. Such changes may increase user error, dissatisfaction, and patient care disruptions. To mitigate employee dissatisfaction and safety risks, health systems should proactively plan for and communicate about expected modifications and monitor for unintended role-related consequences of EHR transitions, while vendors should ensure accurate role configuration and assignment.

Grounded Theory Approach to Understand Self-Management of Opioid Recovery Through Pregnancy and Early Parenting

ObjectiveTo develop a theory to explain the processes women use to self-manage recovery from opioid use disorder during pregnancy, the postpartum period, and early parenting. DesignConstructivist grounded theory approach. ParticipantsWomen (N = 16) who gave birth during the past 12 months and used medication for opioid use disorder for recovery through pregnancy and the postpartum period. MethodsWe recruited participants through seven medication-assisted treatment clinics in a mid-size Midwestern city and the surrounding suburbs and through online parenting and recovery community groups with national-based memberships. We conducted semistructured, individual audio interviews from November 2020 to July 2021. Interviews continued until we reached theoretical and meaning saturation. We used constant comparative methods during initial and intermediate coding. ResultsParticipants described a central process, Growing as a Healthy Dyad, that included six processes they used to self-manage recovery: Maintaining Vigilance, Performing Self-Care, Putting in the Work of Recovery, Advocating, Navigating Social Support, and Acquiring Skills and Knowledge. These processes were affected by personal and social contextual factors. ConclusionsThe grounded theory, Self-Management of Opioid Recovery Through Pregnancy and Early Parenting, can be used to explain the unique processes of self-management by women in opioid recovery and highlights the need for a strengths-based approach to caring for the maternal–infant dyad.

“Marriage fraud” or social constraint? Reasons for understanding tongzhi and tongqi in mixed‐orientation marriages in China

AbstractThis qualitative study was conducted in the context of ongoing debates on “marriage fraud” to explore the underlying social structural and individual reasons for entering mixed‐orientation marriages affecting men who have sex with men (tongzhi in Chinese) and non‐complicit women (tongqi) who married tongzhi in China. Using a phenomenological approach, sixty‐eight (34 tongzhi and 34 tongqi, unpaired) semi‐structured interviews were conducted through in‐person interviews or WeChat audio interviews between 2018 and 2019 in China. Guided by thematic analysis, three themes explaining the shared pressure from the societal, family, and individual levels that drove individuals' decisions about whom they partnered with, and when and how they entered marriage among tongzhi and tongqi: marriage normativity, filial piety, and conformity with conventional marriage. The findings showed that marital decisions for tongzhi and tongqi were constrained by the similar social power of marriage normativity, filial piety, and heteronormativity in China. Some marriages fell within the scope of marriage fraud, but most of them fell within the scope of performing conventional marriages. This phenomenon was beyond simple explanations of marriage fraud. Future studies need to investigate multi‐level constraints concerning family relations for sexual minorities in China on a large scale.

Substance Abuse among Residents of Gwagwalada Abuja, Nigeria

Aims: To determine the variety of psychoactive substances existing in Gwagwalada and the extent to which residents indulged in them.
 Study Design: A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires and audio interviews on eligible respondents.
 Place and Duration of Study: Gwagwalada, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory in the month of April 2023.
 Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was carried out by administering pre-tested questionnaires and audio interviews on 320 respondents with substance use history from selected areas of the town using convenience sampling.
 Results: 100 questionnaires were returned filled, and 91 valid responses consisting of 52 (57.1%) users and 39 (42.9%) non-users were obtained. 27 (29.7%) and 25 (27.4%) of valid responses indicated active and inactive substance users, respectively. 17 (18.7%) active users frequently, and 35 (38.5%) infrequently indulged in substance abuse.Twenty (22.0%) substance users concurrently used multiple substances while 32 (35.2%) indulged in only one item per time.Most listed substances by responders and their routes of administration were alcohol (51.6%) oral, marijuana (24.2%) oral/inhalation, Crystal Methamphetamine (4.4%) inhalation/injection, Tranq (4.4%) injection, MDMA (4.4%) oral/injection, Panadol (3.3%) oral, Caffeine (3.3%) oral, Tramadol 2.2%) oral, and Datura spp. seed/leaf (2.2%) oral/smoking.Most used routes were oral (79.1%), inhalation/smoking (35.2%), and injection (28.2%). Alcohol was the substance most concurrently used with other listed substances, but mostly with marijuana and tramadol.Reasons given by respondents for their indulgence are peer pressure (42%), recreational use (30%), as a therapy (22%), to feel good (4%), and nonsensical reasons (2%). Responders listed availability/ accessibility, affordability, peer pressure, need to belong, as coping mechanism with the harsh economic realities as factors promoting substance abuse.
 Conclusion: Our findings of Crystal Methamphetamine, Tranq, MDMA and Datura species among the variety of psychoactive substances and the fact that 29.7% of the sampled population actively indulged in them indicates a high prevalence of substance abuse Gwagwalada. This calls for urgent substance abuse mitigation strategies.

Investigating the role of apparel supplier satisfaction in developing a collaborative buyer–supplier relationship: a power-dependency perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the affective and cognitive dimensions of satisfaction that impact the buyer-supplier relationship (BSR) from the supplier's perspective and to consider satisfaction within the context of power-dependency theory.Design/methodology/approachQualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 Chinese apparel supply professionals who regularly interact with apparel buyers. Audio or video interviews were conducted via WeChat (the most popular social media platform in China).FindingsA thematic analysis of the interview data revealed that both affective and cognitive dimensions of satisfaction impact the BSR. A model of supplier affective and cognitive satisfaction in a collaborative BSR was developed to illustrate the connections between the two dimensions.Originality/valuesDue to intense competition in the market, supplier satisfaction is essential for building relationships in the apparel industry. Existing studies have focused on satisfaction from the perspective of the buyer rather than the supplier because in a BSR, the buyer tends to hold more power. Moreover, research has primarily considered cognitive evaluations of satisfaction with the BSR. This study offers new insight on both cognitive and affective satisfaction from the perspective of suppliers within the context of power-dependency theory.