Audio Format Research Articles

Establish a novel framework for enhancing minority music genre identification

The objective of this study is to develop a new framework based on Waterwheel Plant optimization for improving minority music genre classification using Layer-tuned Long Short-Term Memory (WP-LT-LSTM). Chinese minority music includes various musical styles of different ethnic groups in China. It depends on the specific instrumentalities, the distribution of pitch classes and rhythms, and the culture. Specifically, the proposed framework will enhance the ability to efficiently detect under represented music genres, which could have applicability for cultural sustainability and more personalized music recommendation services. For this, we collected a dataset that includes a wide range of different minority music samples in audio format. These include genre labels, artist information and audio features necessary for the training of our suggested model. Using K-fold cross validation to enhances the accuracy. Min-max Normalization is used on the obtained data to perform pre-processing. To extract the important features from the processed data, we used Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). In our proposed model, the WP algorithm dynamically adjusts LT-LSTM’s internal parameters, enhancing model adaptability. LT-LSTM processes sequential audio data, capturing temporal dependencies crucial for genre classification in minority music genres. The implemented model is executed in Python software. It evaluates the model’s performance across a range of parameters throughout the result analysis phase. We also performed comparison studies using standard methods. The results collected indicate the excellence and effectiveness of the proposed framework for music genre identification.

Evaluation of Rijndael Algorithm for Audio Encryption by Brute Force Attack

The use of information transfer is a major reason for the spread of information piracy, especially digital information that includes audio or other information, to preserve data. Encrypting voice messages is considered one of the most secure ways to protect information due to the difficulty of disclosing it. Our algorithm is robust, effective, efficient, and has security capabilities due to the different key lengths and block sizes (128 bits, 192 bits, or 256 bits). The Rijndael algorithm is an effective tool for encoding audio files and has won many awards. The Rijndael algorithm is compatible with many different audio formats. We will use it to encrypt WAVE files. The first step is to generate keys using the proposed method consisting of key lengths and block sizes (128 bits, 192 bits, or 256 bits). We convert the audio data into a 256 sample. After that, the cipher text will be generated for us. Once we encrypt the audio file, we will have several audio files. We will then use a proactive approach to evaluate the success of this initiative through a brute force attack to break the code. The Rijndael algorithm plays a role in this study by demonstrating the effectiveness of encryption, Reijndeal encryption, is designed to withstand brute force attacks, employs a strong key, proper encryption algorithm, secure hardware, and software to prevent side-channel attacks, and thwart cryptanalysis attempts. It also offers a cutting-edge perspective. Its primary goal is to protect data across the digital landscape during transmission, storage, and protection processes.

Sound of Democracy: Towards the democratisation of standards for soundscapes

With this paper and the accompanying audio paper, our aim is to explore the juxtaposition of sound and democracy. Recognizing the multifaceted nature of this field, we approach it through the notion of care and an empirical analysis of democratic implications of trying to regulate sound in public spaces. We examine standards as one example of the many attempts to control sound in both public and private spaces. Standards are used to categorize, govern, and control. They are also tools to assess and characterise. As policy tools they raise democratic questions relating to who developed them, when and how they are used. Using the example of a shopping mall, we explore the democratic values reflected in the standards through their development and application through an inter-disciplinary perspective. We used the audio paper format to move from discussing the process of developing the soundscape standards to applying them in a real-world setting, ultimately exploring the consequences of such standards from the perspective of democratic values. The present written paper is a longer elaboration on methodology and theory as a compliment to the audio paper which develops the discussion and analysis.

Real-time quality analysis of baked goods using advanced technologies

Some critical quality variables of baked goods baked in tunnel ovens cannot be monitored in real-time and quickly after baking. Generally, these variables are measured individually and manually. Analysis of some variables can be done in laboratory environments. It is very difficult to continuously and accurately read the quality variables of products, especially at the exits of industrial tunnel ovens operating at high speeds. With current systems, important quality variables of the products are assessed through widely spaced sampling, and most of the time the measurements made do not represent the entire batch. Additionally, interventions in the process may be delayed due to the time required for analysis, allowing defective products to reach consumers. In this study, experiments were carried out to enable real-time and high-speed identification of important quality variables such as product geometry, surface color, image features, and moisture. The developed system aims to monitor products such as cookies, cakes, biscuits, crackers and bread. Through this system, the size of the products that can represent the lot or even the entire batch can be analyzed when desired. Thus, quality oscillations can be kept within very narrow ranges. The developed hybrid system is applied to the exit of tunnel ovens, and the data read through sensors and cameras are transferred to computers using specially developed algorithms through interfaces. It has been observed that process control signals can also be generated by considering the lower and upper control limits of quality variables. With the developed software, changes can be instantly seen on the screens in the form of graphics, audio, and visual warnings can be created, historical data can be recorded, and reports can be obtained. At the end of the study, it was found that important quality variables such as circularity, diameter, thickness, color, image area, and moisture could be read with a sample size of up to 100%. As a result of the experiments, it was seen that the change in product diameters could be defined within the range of 40.30±0.5 mm. The circularity ratio between horizontal and vertical diameters can be monitored within 1.008 ± 0.018%. The change in moisture within the range of 2.741±0.164 g/100g. The light-dark image area ratios within the range of 0.486±0.033%, and the product thickness within the range of 11.56±0.178 mm. Resultly, all critical quality parameters taken into account can be detected within a range that will not affect product and process quality.

THE INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE MEDIA INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA

The influence and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the mass media industry in Indonesia has begun to be applied. Both online media and television. In fact, mass media in Indonesia also produce content in the form of audio, video, text and presenters using AI. The use of this technology does make it easier for media workers. However, it has various shortcomings and problems that arise as a logical consequence of the presence of AI technology. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis style. The results show that AI technology has shortcomings in terms of accuracy, verification, and validation of data collected from the digital universe. On the other hand, it has no legal justification in Indonesia. For this reason, special regulations for the use of AI in the Indonesian mass media are needed. Thus, the public as the main recipient of information is not harmed and maintains the image of the media industry as the most trusted institution in the country.

Sensory Reactivity Through the Lived Experiences of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Phenomenological Qualitative Study

Background: The current sensory assessment measures for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have issues related to cultural and clinical applicability, which makes them difficult to apply in the Indian context consistently. The current study aimed to explore locally relevant themes for sensory reactivity in children with ASD. Methods: This exploratory phenomenological qualitative study was carried out on 15 parents of children with ASD visiting the child guidance clinic. An in-depth interview (IDI) guide was prepared on the conceptual framework based on Dunn, as well as, Miller’s models, which was then further refined based upon the inputs from the experts (psychiatrists, child psychologists, speech-language pathologists, and occupational therapists) working with children with ASD. IDIs were conducted with parents of children with ASD. The data was recorded in audio and video format. It was transcribed and translated from Hindi to English. Coding was done manually, and themes were extracted. Results: The findings identified four superordinate themes: sensory hyperreactivity, sensory hyporeactivity, sensory seeking, and socio-emotional response. Conclusion: The lived experience of parents aids in identifying and describing dimensions of sensory reactivity in children with ASD. It will help further in developing a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of sensory reactivity in children with ASD.

Quaternion optimized model with sparseness for color image recovery

This paper presents a novel approach for sparse regularization of low-rank quaternion matrix optimization problems. Quaternion matrices, which extend the concept of complex numbers to four dimensions, have shown promising applications in various fields. In this work, we exploit the inherent sparsity present in different signal types, such as audio formats and images, when represented in their respective bases. By introducing a sparse regularization term in the optimization objective. We propose a regularization technique that promotes sparsity in the Quaternion Discrete Cosine Transform (QDCT) domain for efficient and accurate solutions. By combining low-rank restriction with sparsity, the optimized model is updated using a two-step Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. Experimental results on color images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which outperforms existing relative methods. This superior performance underscores its potential for applications in computer vision and related fields.

Using Duoethnography to Connect the Disability Justice Principles to Education Research about Disabled Populations on Campus

The terms disability inclusion, disability rights, and disability justice are often used somewhat interchangeably, but have distinct meanings within academe more broadly and academic research contexts. The purpose of this investigation was to explore these concepts in relation to our research and present the way in which we (as education researchers) grappled with what a critical, disability justice-informed research methodology involves. We used a qualitative, duoethnographic research approach as it is both a reflection of social justice and a method to advance it (Sawyer & Norris, 2013). We engaged in virtual, asynchronous and synchronous dialogues in writing and audio formats to reflect, critique, question, and eventually, generate new ideas and ways of moving forward. In the paper, we first consider how the Disability Justice Principles from Sins Invalid (2019) could be connected to our current research practices using two questions about ethical considerations as well as research methodologies and frameworks. We then theorize how education researchers can intentionally incorporate activism throughout each stage of the research process. A Disability Justice-informed education research framework is proposed for use with research about disabled populations in higher education. This framework addresses the relationship between stages of the research process, disability inclusion, and disability justice, which was the ongoing debate throughout our dialogues.

The Intention of the Arabic Language Learning Process in the Era of Society 5.0: (Interactive Application Based Analysis)

The era of Revolution 4.0 which has recently been replaced by the era of Society 5.0 which prioritizes society to use technology in all its activities, including in the field of education. Arabic, one of the foreign languages studied in various educational institutions, is also trying to keep up with the times. One form of breakthrough made by educators is to divert and work on Arabic language teaching materials which were previously in the form of books, modules, and audio into interactive teaching materials designed with modern applications today. This case raises new ideas for the advancement of the Arabic language learning process, so that various obstacles experienced so far can be resolved properly. This study aims to identify and explain the challenges that will be faced by Arabic language educators in the era of Society 5.0 based on interactive applications to create videos of the Arabic language learning process. This study was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach to describe the results of the study at MTs Negeri 1 Bener Meriah. The results of this study are that educators must have special skills to maximize the use of technology in the teaching and learning process, so that more material is created that is understood by students. Can operate video editing applications such as Kine Master, Plotagon, PowerPoint, and other applications

Camouflaging Within Frames: A Study on Image Steganography

Most important area in the recent years is the field of stegnography. It is the method of hiding data in the cover image, it can be done through the form of text, video or audio. The information is passed from the sender to the receiver without giving any hint to the external users. The phrase steganography derived from two Greek words: ‘steganos’ way covered and ‘graphos' approach writing and often refers to secret writing or facts hiding. The main goal of steganography is to increase conversation protection via placing secret message into the virtual picture. In this paper we have tried to implement the Least Significant bit (LSB), Spread Spectrum technique and DCT algorithm. LSB method is the simple steganographic technique to conceal the secret data in an image and it is commonly used. This method maintains the quality of the image. Steganography using LSB hides out the bits of the message image into the LSB of the cover image. The advantage of LSB steganography is that it is very simple, easy to employ and the final image obtained will be almost similar to the cover image, meaning that the quality of cover image remains same. This study aims to contribute to the understanding and advancement of image steganography techniques, offering valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers involved in the field of information security and digital communication.

Design of an Intelligent Agent for the reproduction of official documents using an Intelligent Artificial Clerk (G.A.I)

In this article we will propose the "Intelligent Artificial Clerk" which is an Intelligent Agent designed to assist users, editors, facilitators of interactive meetings and rapporteurs in general, and in particular the clerks of the High Court of Kananga in order to save them from heavy tasks related to the reproduction of official documents, in particular minutes during hearings and public hearings. Apart from this task, this intelligent agent will also allow the court to be seized remotely and will transmit interviews and trials in audio format via Mp3 files.

Examining the Law Guiding Prostitution in Uganda from the Lens of Kabalagala Parish-Makindye Division

This study examines the law guiding prostitution in Uganda. The study revealed that the increasing incidents of prostitution are clear evidence that the enforcement of laws against prostitution in Uganda is ineffective as it is like containing smoke while leaving the fire burning underneath. Based on these findings, the study calls for the authorities to engage social sciences experts to find out the real causes of prostitution and their probable solutions because ‘customers’ include married people. Without this, prostitution will be here to stay despite its being against the law and morals. More so, a combination of programmes that expand income-generating opportunities needs to be developed both in the short and long term. Furthermore, prostitutes should be called upon through their advocating organization placed in vocational training courses, and given parallel forms of support for involvement in entrepreneurial activities. Similarly, continuous training needs analysis should be undertaken for prostitutes to determine appropriate skills to be imparted for productive work. Finally, behavioral change programmes should be continued to discourage and eliminate risky behaviors in the communities, in the form of live drama performances, audio and visual materials, and recreation activities targeting both community members and prostitutes. Keywords: Anti-prostitution laws, Poverty, Prostitution, Sexual exploitation, Unemployment, Victimhood

Analysis of Validation Results on the Development of Journalistic Innovation Modules in Higher Education

Journalism is a superior product of the changing times in terms of news. In it there are various news that are witnesses to the progress of human civilization. Along with its development, journalistic products have become more and more varied. Not only print media, but also in the form of audio and video, as well as live broadcasts. Therefore, journalism is a science that must be developed and inherited from generation to generation. Based on this description, this study aims to develop an innovative module used in the journalistic learning process. The module is developed with innovations that are adapted to conditions and situations in the field based on needs. This research uses the research and development (R&D) method. The research was carried out by involving students with the provisions of majors/study programs that conduct journalism learning. The development of this module is carried out as a form of caring for and 'developing' journalistic science so that it is easier to practice and learn, both in the classroom and outside the classroom with a learning process that refers to the update of the material and innovations presented.

MENTAL HEALTH HEROES: Skills desired by professionals for person-centered psychosocial care

The paradigm of psychosocial care in mental health is guided by the assistance provided in the territory to facilitate the identification and meeting of people's needs, as well as favoring psychosocial reintegration. The objective was to describe the competencies desired by mental health professionals for person-centered psychosocial care. This is an intervention research with a qualitative approach carried out with 30 professionals from two Psychosocial Care Centers in the central region of Brazil from October to December 2022. Four group meetings were held in the format of experiential workshops recorded in audio format. For data collection, the “My superpower” technique was used, in which professionals expressed which skills they would like to have in their care practice. The data was subjected to thematic content analysis. The skills desired by professionals were: usable and useful intelligence, time control, reading minds, reading thoughts, erasing minds, healing, eliminating pain, adjusting family relationships, forgetting the past, clearing hurts, welcoming with quality and in a short time develop coping strategies and instill hope. Some competencies are linked to the psychosocial and person-centered care model, while others are associated with the biomedical model based on curative practices.

Transforming Wikipedia text into audio through machine learning

Purpose The purpose of this study is to navigate the process of transforming Wikipedia articles into audio files for library readers. The system provides a feasible manner of listening to Wikipedia content, accommodating diverse learning preferences and enlarging knowledge in education society. Design/methodology/approach This framework has been constructed using the Python programming languages in the Linux operating platform. Application programming interface and Google text-to-speech (TTS) are required as additional software packages to design this prototype system. Transform any Wikipedia pages into audio files through Wikitrola for libraries and information centers. Wikipedia articles are directly transformed into audio, as these integrate the content seamlessly for the user experience. The whole system has been designed and configured on the basis of machine learning to provide dynamic services among the readers. Findings The viewer could use the machine learning system to turn Wikipedia articles into audio files, allowing them to listen to Wikipedia content in audio format. This would make information more accessible and adaptable to diverse learning modes, allowing written content to be engaged in novel and visionary ways. Originality/value The insightful observation in connection with the paper is that it shows how to convert text-based material into audio through the Google TTS and machine learning Python programming and finally incorporate them in Wikipedia articles. A harmonious system of information dissemination and technical education is established. This approach shows the effectiveness of imagination and the use of programming tools to enhance learning and knowledge-seeking processes.

Experiences of Family Medicine Specialists in Providing Health Care for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Patients: A Qualitative Study in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia

INTRODUCTION: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) patients continue to report discrimination in healthcare setting despite the efforts of the primary healthcare offering community friendly services in Malaysia. This qualitative study aimed to provide understanding of this current issue and to explore the challenges that family medicine specialists (FMSs) from East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia face when dealing with LGBT patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 FMSs working in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia were interviewed through a phenomenological framework using semi-structured in-depth interviews of LGBT patients. The interviews were recorded in audio format, transcribed verbatim, and subjected to Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis. We discerned common themes that can be elucidated through the lens of Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care (TCC) and the Sunrise Enabler Model (SEM). RESULTS: Three overlapping themes of the transcriptions were developed; (1) Multidimensional understanding of LGBT described how FMSs saw the LGBT community as diverging from societal norms, yet acknowledge their vulnerability as integral members of the society, (2) obstacles to providing culturally competent care stemmed from inadequate training, an unsupportive clinic environment, and the self-stigma experienced by patients, and (3) barriers to incorporating spiritual needs for holistic care arose in situations where there was insufficient spiritual health training or a preference to concentrate on physical and emotional well-being to uphold trust. CONCLUSION: The findings on this study reflect the need for proper training of healthcare personnel to deliver a holistic, culturally competent care for LGBT patients. A collaborative effort with relevant authorities is also needed to successfully overcome those challenges.

The efficiency assessment of using hybrid neural networks for the detection of forged audio data in socially oriented systems

The subject of the research is the problem of detecting falsified data, in particular in audio format, in socially oriented systems. The goal of the work is to develop an effective model based on recurrent and convolutional neural networks for determining the fact of forgery of sound data, using MapReduce technology for parallelization. The article addresses the following tasks: determining the features of audio in socially-oriented systems, conducting an analysis of algorithms for processing audio information both in the form of text and in the form of a signal, forming a list of target architectures of neural networks and revealing the features of their implementation, conducting an experimental test of effectiveness selected approaches. The following methods used are – analytical and inductive method for determining the target set of neural network architectures; expert assessment for the formation of the most influential efficiency factors; experimental, multi-criteria evaluation and statistical methods of data augmentation to determine the most effective model. The following results were obtained: an audio data reprocessing algorithm was developed for the possibility of using recurrent and convolutional networks. Several approaches to data classification using augmentation based on vector autoregression and MapReduce parallelization technology have been implemented. It was determined that the most effective model for the multi-criteria selection problem is a combination of a bidirectional recurrent neural network with support for short- and long-term memory with several convolutional networks. The advantages of using MapReduce technology to optimize training time and data processing are shown, and a set of open questions for further research and applied implementation is defined. Conclusions: he application of an analytical and inductive approach followed by experimental verification made it possible to develop an effective (with an accuracy of more than 96%) a mechanism for detecting fabricated data both in the form of a signal and in text form. The obtained result makes it possible to assert the feasibility of implementing the proposed approach, and, accordingly, makes it possible to reduce the influence of such information in socially oriented systems, especially during crisis events.

Analysis and Model of Temporal Sound Attributes from Recorded Audio

A computational framework is proposed for analyzing the temporal evolution of perceptual attributes of sound stimuli. As a paradigm, the perceptual attribute of envelopment, which is manifested in different audio sound reproduction formats, is employed. For this, listener temporal ratings of the envelopment for mono, stereo, and 5.0-channel surround music samples, serve as the ground truth for establishing a computational model that can accurately trace temporal changes from such recordings. Combining established and heuristic methodologies, different features of the audio signals were extracted at each segment that envelopment ratings were registered, named long-term (LT) features. A memory LT computational stage is proposed to account for the temporal variations of the features through the duration of the signal, based on the exponentially weighted moving average of the respective LT features. These are utilized in a gradient tree boosting, machine learning algorithm, leading to a Dynamic Model that accurately predicts the listener’s temporal envelopment ratings. Without the proposed memory LT feature function, a Static Model is also derived, which is shown to have lower performance for predicting such temporal envelopment variations.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Video Animasi 3 Dimensi Fotosintesis Mata Pelajaran IPA pada Anak Sekolah Dasar

Animated video is an audio-visual medium by combining animated images that can move followed by audio corresponds to the animated character. and in this case the service uses 3-dimensional animation. This community service aims to provide knowledge to children to be able to make 3-dimensional animation videos of photosynthesis in natural science subjects so that children can know and learn easily how the photosynthesis process works, using technology. The research method uses the Luther Sutopo method with the following steps: concept, design, material collection, manufacture, testing and distribution. The initial stage that was carried out was to think about the concept, namely the goal, was to produce a 3-dimensional animation video of photosynthesis through the training carried out, and for whom this training was carried out, namely for children who were still attending elementary school. Next, do a 3-dimensional animation design for the video which is made in the form of text, images, audio, video and animation. Then collect the materials needed to make this animated video such as background, images, sound and other supporting materials. After collecting all the materials, this 3-dimensional animated video was made until final editing. Then a test was carried out on the animated video that was made to see whether it was suitable for use as training material for elementary school children. After being declared suitable, it will be immediately distributed to elementary school children. The impact is that it is hoped that children who are still in elementary school will be technologically literate, so that later they can make other animated videos with different material.

Field Study to Design Public Transportation Network for One of the Libyan Cities (The City of Houn is an Example)

The cultural and urban development that the cities of the world in general have experienced over the years, including the Arab countries, has led to the existence of many urban problems, including urban transportation problems, mainly represented by traffic congestion, noise, and environmental pollution in all its visual and audio forms. Through this, the need for many systems to manage life aspects within these cities emerged from a social, economic and political perspective, including public transportation systems, which are considered one of the most important causes of urban stability in many cities of the world, whether developed or developing countries. The urban transportation system in Libya (as one of the developing countries in the world) suffers from the lack of planning based on scientific foundations for the transportation system - especially the public transportation network - that takes into account data collected in the field on how to design public transportation time tables according to the number of passengers, the length of the line, the trip time, and the number of buses in public transportation network, hence the need to conduct such a field study to plan public transportation networks within Libyan cities is very important. In this study, the city of Houn was chosen as a model for designing a public transportation network. The methodology was divided in two stages. The first stage was for data collection. A questionnaire (1080 surveys) was conducted for the main and active places in the city, including (educational, service, and employment places), as well as traffic counts were conducted by monitoring and recording traffics in the field during the morning and evening peak periods. The second stage was for analyzing and studying the data using Excel program, converting them into charts, comparing and studying the collected data. Based on analyzing and studying the data, the study concluded with the design of public transportation network in which the bus route for the network was determined, the locations and number of bus stops were determined, taking into account the required distances between stations. In addition, the number of buses was determined as well as the size of buses and the frequency of buses for morning and evening peak periods. Keywords: public transportation, questionnaire, traffic counts, peak hours