Audience Awareness Research Articles

Who Uses Fact-Checking Sites? The Impact of Demographics, Political Antecedents, and Media Use on Fact-Checking Site Awareness, Attitudes, and Behavior

This study examines audience relationships to fact-checking sites in the United States. Focus is placed on predictors of audience awareness of, attitudes toward, and visits to such sites within a stage model framework drawn from the persuasive message literature. Analysis of survey data from a U.S. sample shows that liberals and liberal/mainstream news consumers are more aware of, positive toward, and likely to report using fact-checking sites. Conservatives are less positive and conservative news consumers see such sites as less useful to them. Findings indicate that while specific combinations of predictors of awareness, attitudes, and behavior vary, fact-checking sites have a particular appeal to liberals and liberal/mainstream news consumers. Results point to U.S. fact-checking sites being absorbed into wider ideological discourses and patterns of ideological news consumption.

"And is that the use you make of your Bible?": Universalism in The Tenant of Wildfell Hall

Although scholars have offered varying interpretations of the "truth" mentioned in Anne Brontë's preface to the second edition of The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, one primary lesson is often overlooked. The importance of universalism—for both Brontë and her narrative—deserves further study, as it is part of the truth the author wished to convey. A close reading of the preface, the novel, and biographical materials demonstrates the savviness with which Brontë incorporated this controversial belief into her narrative. Her choices to argue both sides of the issue and to present a character study in Arthur Huntingdon demonstrate keen rhetorical and audience awareness. Ultimately, Brontë's nuanced portrayal of universalism highlights the importance of other lessons in the novel, suggesting that assured salvation is no excuse for immorality.

Environmental discourse in the social networks of Kazakhstan: the construction of an imperative

Constructive changes in the media landscape due to the intensification of social networks launch new modules of social discourse. Nowadays environmental theme getting particular interest, the popu-larity of which is related to a number of factors, including the growth of environmental awareness caused by open access to information on social networks. This includes developing literacy in environmental management and environmental conservation, as well as quick notification of environmental incidents. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of the environmental content of social networks on the construction of the environmental imperative in the minds of young people in Kazakhstan. In this regard, the most popular social networks were studied, audience segmentation by age and level of education was performed, and also authors analyzed social media content in the ecology field. Using the methods of comparison, review, content analysis and survey, the authors identified the most sustainable signs of constructing environmental awareness of the youth audience in social networks. The authors came to the conclusion that nowadays the tendency of including environmental topics in the array of the concept of sustainable development is becoming more and more persistent in the minds of young Kazakhstanis, and as a result, there are forming a number of factors of low tolerance for imbalance in this area, including politics and economy. The authors also note an increase of interest in the categories of social responsibility and ethics, which leads to a conscious understanding of universal values, the rule of law, social activity and the desire for social integration. At a higher level of develop-ment of environmental awareness, the young generation of Kazakhstanis is able to form economic and political discourse, as well as accumulate a mental appeal to the state on the issue of balance and coher-ence in various fields. The presented study involves the integration of several areas at once, which makes its results in-teresting for understanding the variability of modern forms of environmental discourse, the specifics of changes in audience’s behavior, its transformation into an active direction, audience agent which is capable to generate its own content and media communication, excluding traditional media.

Awareness and attitude of students and professors of medical sciences universities toward social determinants of health: Design and preliminary psychometrics of a questionnaire.

BACKGROUND AND AIM:Considering the important role of universities in advancing educational, social, cultural, economic, and political affairs and given the significant and effective role of social determinants of health (SDH) in personal and social life, this study aimed to design a preliminary questionnaire to assess the awareness and attitude of students and professors of relevant medical sciences departments toward the SDH.METHODS:This is a descriptive survey study of the instrumentation type and is done on the students and professors of Isfahan and Kashan medical sciences universities in 2019. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were assessed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the correlation coefficient for each question as well as the total score of the questionnaire were reported for this attitude measurement questionnaire. The difficulty coefficient, optimum difficulty level, discrimination coefficient, and the relevant variance were calculated for every question in the awareness measurement questionnaire.RESULTS:The internal consistency of the questionnaire for the awareness toward the SDH for 15 questions was 0.742. This consistency was acceptable for 18 questions in the attitude measurement questionnaire after omitting two questions with not appropriate distinguishing ability. The difficulty level of the questions was relatively high.CONCLUSION:Given that no tool was observed in the search strategy to measure the SDH, therefore, the design and psychometrics of such a tool can be used to measure the awareness and attitude of the target audiences; since this tool had an acceptable validity and reliability at its initial stages, researchers are suggested to apply it for standardization in different academic societies.

Genre Knowledge and Writing Development: Results From the Writing Transfer Project

Using a mixed-methods, multi-institutional design of general education writing courses at four institutions, this study examined genre as a key factor for understanding and promoting writing development. It thus aims to provide empirical validation of decades of theoretical work on and qualitative studies of genre and the nature of genre knowledge. While showing that both simplistic and nuanced genre knowledge promote writing development, our findings suggest that nuanced genre knowledge correlates with writing development over the course of a semester. Based on these findings, we propose an expanded view of Tardy’s four genre knowledge components and argue for their explanatory power. We recognize these genre components can be cultivated by using three particular strategies: writing for nonclassroom audiences, using source texts explicitly to join existing disciplinary conversations, and cultivating two types of metacognitive awareness (awareness of the writing strategies used to complete specific tasks and awareness of one’s levels of proficiency in particular types of writing knowledge). Findings can be used to enrich first-year or upper-division writing curricula in the areas of genre knowledge, audience awareness, and source use.

Natural history films raise species awareness-A big data approach.

In urbanized societies that are increasingly disconnected from nature, communicating ecological and species awareness is crucial to revert the global environmental crisis. However, our understanding of the effectiveness of this process is limited. We present a framework for describing how such awareness may be transferred and test it on the popular BBC show Planet Earth 2 by analyzing Twitter and Wikipedia big data activity. Despite lacking explicit conservation themes, this show generated species awareness, stimulating audience engagement for information at magnitudes comparable to those achieved by other conservation‐focused campaigns. Results suggest that natural history films can provide vicarious connections to nature and can generate durable shifts in audience awareness beyond the broadcast of the show—key factors for changing environmental attitudes. More broadly, this study underscores how open‐source big data analysis can inform effective dissemination of ecological awareness and provides a framework for future research for investigating behavioral change.

Study of unattended child presence detection system for ASEAN NCAP safety rating

Cases regarding children death due to the entrapment in the vehicles during hot weather is increased. Our research aims are to study the opinions amongst parents regarding the safety awareness on the child safety in the vehicles and to investigate the preferred operations of child presence detection system in the vehicles. A quantitative research was carried out with surveys of audience awareness while driving with children inside vehicles and the preferred operating child presence detection system in the vehicles. Results found that many parents in Malaysia are aware of the need of the safety for their children because most of the parents are aware to prepare the child seat in the car. They also alert with the safety measurement taken while carrying the children in the car and proposed to all parents in Malaysia to have children car seat in the car. The survey results also found that the majority of the parents preferred to have better sound indicator for child detection system in the vehicles from the car reminder system. Based on the information obtained, 70% of the parents also are willing to pay higher priced for the child detection system in the car because they believed that leaving their children in the car for more than 30 minutes can caused death. Therefore, child presence detection system should be design and applied to all vehicles in Malaysia by applying a smart reminder system while considering the affordable price for the market.

Resíduos sólidos gerados por comensais em restaurante institucional do IFPI e seus impactos

Food waste is a very important factor in the Food and Nutrition Unit, and it is essential to carry out a study of this indicator through leftovers and food scraps in order to verify the performance of the unit, the diner's view in relation to the menu offered in addition to the costs generated. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the size of the rest-intake produced in the institutional cafeteria. This cross-sectional research was carried out in a UAN of the Federal Institute of Piauí, Campus Piripiri at the beginning of the second semester of 2018, in the months of August, September and October. Food waste was monitored by diners for a period of 30 days, from Monday to Friday (except holidays). To obtain the residues, the remains of food thrown in the trash by diners during a period of thirty days were weighed. A waste index was found far above that acceptable in the literature, reaching a total of 297.80 kg, with an average of almost 10 kg per day and in relation to per capita data, approximately 56 grams of food were discarded. It is concluded that it is necessary to carry out constant educational actions to raise awareness of the target audience.

Students’ Metacognitive Weaknesses in Academic Writing: A Preliminary Research

This article aims to explain the weaknesses of metacognition that affect writing skills. Weaknesses of writing like content development, the organization of writing, compatibility of content with themes and audience awareness are assumed from the weaknesses of student metacognition. By using a qualitative approach, data is collected through questionnaires and interviews. Using the questionnaire found the level of student metacognitive awareness. A total of 22 male and female students were randomly selected. Responses given through self-report questionnaires showed that as many as 15 students had high metacognitive awareness and as many as 7 students had low metacognitive awareness. Furthermore, through interviews found metacognitive skills in academic writing. The results of the data analysis show that there are three weaknesses of student metacognitive, namely: students are too dependent on feedback from lecturers and highly dependent on lecturers and colleagues when writing, students cannot assess their own understanding of the information they receive for writing assignments, students are not aware benefit from the strategies used during writing. Students need to be trained to plan, monitor and evaluate writing activities so that they are skilled in arranging words, concepts, and terminology used in writing. In addition, through the writing they produce, it can be seen how the process of produces the meaning and thinking skills of students in writing.

Using Reflections to Gauge Audience Awareness in Business and Professional Communication Courses

This study describes how reflections allowed students to express their audience awareness as they wrote a multiaudience messages packet. We present an analysis of 27 reflections in which students described their experience when responding to the various audiences. Students’ reflective depth varied, though deeper reflections demonstrate sophistication in considering audience constraints and values. Students reported difficulty with negative and persuasive messages and indicated concern about their credibility. Reflections can help instructors understand how students are considering audiences for business documents, which instructors can use to improve their instruction and assess how well students consider business audiences.

Using Case-Method Pedagogy to Facilitate Audience Awareness

Introduction: Technical and professional communication (TPC) instructors value audience awareness, using peer- and client-based projects to facilitate it. We explore how students' audience awareness is facilitated by the case method, which presents students with a professional communication task within a workplace scenario. Situating the case: Case-method research suggests including a detailed audience and situation, multiple genres, and multimedia. Few studies have explored how case materials facilitate students' audience awareness. About the case: A 12-week case that was consistent with case-method research asked students to respond to an engineering firm's internal problem with a proposal and report. How the case was studied: Students from two sections of a genre-based course completed reflections about their audience awareness after the proposal and report. We qualitatively analyzed 51 reflections. Results/discussion: Students stated they could understand the facts about their primary audience but couldn't identify secondary and tertiary audiences. Students stated they could identify audience needs, but they disagreed about the amount of detail to understand those needs. Also, students stated they could respond to the audience using appropriate evidence and writing style. Conclusions: When using the case method, instructors should know that students may need varying levels of detail to interpret their audience's needs. Also, including data and conflicting needs gives students opportunities to make strategic decisions about content.

New opportunities and risks of the use of e-services by older people

The article presents the results of a sociological survey of the target audience (486 Internet users aged 55+) conducted at computer literacy courses in Moscow in 2018. The method of survey — electronic questionnaire. The main purpose of the study was to verify the trends of internetization of older people identified by in-depth interview in the previous survey of 2017. As a result of the survey, an electronic database was formed in the program of processing and analysis of SPSS Statistics data. There was obtained a distribution of respondents ‘ answers to the questionnaire questions, including differentiation by social groups (age, employment, Internet experience, home environment) and typological groups (active and passive users, who prefer electronic and/or live communication, literate and illiterate from the point of safety, environment), calculated the average score of satisfaction with services. The survey results characterize a new way of life of respondents — techno-way, the main features of which are: the use of new forms of text, visual and audio-visual communication; purchase of goods and services, payment of bills from home; gradual disappearance of cash from use; widespread use of public services online; gradual replacement of fixed communication by mobile; a new way of obtaining cultural knowledge; the use of «smart» things. The study gave an idea of the role of psychological factors in the use of the Internet; of the peculiarities of its use by older people; the level of their satisfaction with new opportunities; revealed the risks to which users are exposed in the process of consumption of electronic services; determined the awareness of the target audience regarding Internet security and disposal of computers and gadgets.

STUDY OF VULGAR TEXT AND ILUSTRASI ON T-SHIRT

Brand new produce lifestyle support products, t-shirt products popping up fertile. The high competition in the clothing company industry causes, the product is demanded to have an appeal as a differentiator with other products. Some clothing companies have unique concepts, such as text or illustrations that are vulgar and even classified as taboo to say. The paradigm, making research on vulgar themed t-shirts need to a studied at an aesthetic level. Providing valuable input to the academic studies and clothing business. Qualitatively qualitative analysis, social phenomena in society as objects and the interesting reality of characteristics, signs or descriptions of the existing situation and phenomenon conditions. Prizes in the form of t-shirts with vulgar themes, it is assumed that the audience's awareness of art, including the composition of the results of the interaction between memory perception and visual perception as well as the sense of comprehension of the user.

Students Writing across Cultures: Teaching Awareness of Audience in a Co-curricular Service Learning Project

We examine a model for outofschool literacy instruction using language and cultural available designs for teaching awareness of audience across cultures. The literacy model described here engages undergraduate and secondary students in a cross-cultural storytelling exchange and calls for anticipating the needs of young readers who do not share linguistic or cultural backgrounds. We describe the process of helping the writers to understand their Rwandan audience and highlight some of the linguistic and cultural issues that arose in the early drafts and persisted throughout the editing process despite direct feedback. We describe the workshops in which we discussed available linguistic and cultural designs and track some of the responses of the writers. And finally, we examine a story from the third volume for evidence that the writers had addressed the needs of the Rwandan readers in their stories.

A wry kind of grief: John Clarke's satire and the bureaucracy of sport

In Australia, sport has traditionally been held too sacred for mockery. This began to change in the 1980s with radio shows that affectionately mocked the verbiage of sporting commentary. Among the pioneers were Melbourne-based radio commentators, the Coodabeen Champions, and the Sydney-based radio and TV comedy duo, Rampaging Roy Slaven (John Doyle) and H. G. Nelson (Greig Pickhaver). Trans-Tasman satirist John Clarke also built on his earlier work to dissect the imaginary ancient sport of farnarkeling in The Gillies Report (ABC TV, 1984–1985). The advent of mega sporting events including the Australian millennial Olympics favoured the emergence of a more satirical critique aimed at bureaucratic hype and posturing by sports czars. In the run-up to the Sydney Games, Clarke and Stevenson co-wrote a 2-part series The Games for ABC TV (1998, 2000), starring Clarke, Bryan Dawe and Gina Riley. This moved Clarke’s earlier sports humour away from affectionate mockery towards a satirical critique of sport as a bureaucratic construct corrupted by money-making and media coverage. This article argues that such satire contributed to exposing the shady politics and inept institutional management of sport, both in Australia and more broadly. It probes the connections between humorous creation, professional sport realities, audience awareness and social impact, arguing that, while the ability of satire to bring about reform is here (as elsewhere) strictly limited, the satire contributes to public awareness and acknowledgement of contemporary sporting scandals.

Social media in second and foreign language teaching and learning: Blogs, wikis, and social networking

This review surveys and synthesizes the findings of 87 focal pieces, published primarily since 2009 and mid 2018, on the formal and informal use of social media—blogs, wikis, and social networking—for second and foreign language teaching and learning (L2TL), including studies on the use of educational sites like Livemocha and Busuu and vernacular sites like Facebook and Twitter. The article frames the review in the development of social media and the history of social computer-assisted language learning (CALL) research. Synthesis identifies common findings, including that social media can afford the development of intercultural, sociopragmatic, and audience awareness, language learner and user identities, and particular literacies. Presentation of the focal pieces and common findings is intertwined with discussion of problematic issues, and each section concludes with a summary and implications for future research and practice.

A Survey on the Cultivation of College Students’ Audience Awareness in English Writing

The strength of audience awareness has a great influence on the content selection, expression and writing techniques of the article. Therefore, the cultivation of the students’ audience awareness in writing becomes one of the key factors that determine the qualities of the students’ compositions. This thesis conducts a questionnaire and interviews on college students from the four grades of Nanchang Normal University in order to reveal the college students’ cognitive status and attitude of audience awareness. Based on the status quo, this thesis analyzes the possible causes of this situation from two aspects: the teachers’ carelessness on audience awareness and overly concern with writing skills, and the students’ shortage of language ability and logical thinking ability and their excessive attention to writing skills. For these reasons, this thesis proposes corresponding countermeasures: in the English writing class, the reader's awareness should be emphasized; the theme of the article needs to be much closer to life; students are supposed to create imaginary readers in writing; the method of readers' feedback should be fully utilized. The use of these strategies will effectively help college students cultivate audience awareness in English writing.

Создание туристского продукта малых городов

The article is devoted to the creation of Russian small cities’ tourist product. The model of consumer behavior with respect to tourism products and the concept of tourist product value for consumer are considered; the necessity to form complex value propositions for target audiences segmented by their needs is substantiated. The offer of small cities’ tourist product in three regions — Perm Krai, Vladimir Oblast and Tula Oblast is carried out. The possible ways of developing and improving small cities’ tourist product in these regions are determined. Particular attention is paid to the most promising areas for today - event tourism and cultural and educational thematic routes; high importance of gastronomy as part of the tourist experience is highlighted. The analysis leaded to identification of some problems, including insufficient use of event marketing potential to ensure a stable tourist flow throughout the year, as well as poor awareness of target audiences outside the regions. Recommendations proposed to improve the offer for target audiences.

Memasarkan Tradisi: Klasifikasi Kegunaan Twitter dalam Festival Budaya

The use of social media in promoting traditional selebration such as cultural festival is relatively new used by festival organizer. Twitter as one of social media can be effective if is used in cultural festival because it is perceived not only able to raise the audience awareness, but also able to involve many visitors to interact each others This research is focusing on how to describe the words that is used in Twitter and analizing the use of Twitter in promoting this festival. The analysis will be focused on word analysis and many comments will be processed by using computer software called Ripple 10. The result of this research can be used to evaluate, create decision to improve the festival quality in the future.

Audience Awareness as a Threshold Concept of Reading:An Examination of Student Learning in Biochemistry

Threshold concept theory can identify transformative concepts in disciplinary communities of practice, making it a useful framework pedagogically for scholars of academic literacies. Although researchers have studied how to teach thres hold concepts and how students have taken up theseconcepts in learning to write, few have looked at two aspects that are particularly important for students placed into basic writing: threshold concepts of reading and questions of learning transfer.Taking an epistemological approach to disciplinary literacies, I used case study research to trace the changing reading and writing practices of Bruce, a basic writing and first-generation college student, during his first year of college as he moved from a basic reading course into biochemis-try. Bruce leveraged audience awareness to write rhetorically and to comprehend difficult texts written for professional biochemistry researchers. Findings show that audience awareness is a threshold concept of reading, one that transforms academic literacy practices and that furthersidentity in disciplinary communities of practice. These findings support the teaching of audience awareness in secondary and postsecondary classrooms, but they also demand that we recognize the additional work basic writing students, like Bruce, must do to establish agency in a system that has labeled them underprepared.