Audience Behavior Research Articles

How 808 bass affect people's mental performance

This article delves into the "rage music" trend led by Trippie Redd through his song "Miss the Rage" in 2021, particularly focusing on the psychological implications of the pivotal 808 bass drum within this genre. Originating from the Roland TR-808 drum machine, the 808 bass, with its deep and prolonged tone, has become an iconic element in hip-hop music, eliciting potent psychological and physiological responses from listeners. Research indicates that the 808 bass not only stimulates emotional arousal and excitement due to its unique sonic characteristics but may also trigger aggressive behavior as a result of its long-term association with provocative content. While this connection necessitates substantial repetition to establish, the widespread dissemination of hip-hop music has significantly manifested the provocative effect of the 808 bass within specific demographics. Furthermore, the high volume and multimodal perception of the 808 bass during mental performance contribute to the aggressive behavior of audiences. Nevertheless, the study acknowledges that the direct link between the 808 bass and mental performance requires further investigation, taking into account factors such as cultural backgrounds and listening environments.

Impersonal Sex and Pornography: Potential Confounding, Moderation, and Implications for Public Health

ABSTRACT Following the recent exhortations of health communication scholars to continue the study of pornography and its potential impact on health-related behaviors, the present study investigated associations between the frequency of pornography use and six indicators of impersonal sex among a national probability sample of US adults. Impersonal sex has been linked to a variety of important public health outcomes, including STD risk and sexual aggression perpetration. In this study, pornography use was positively correlated with the likelihood of engaging in group sex, having sex with a casual partner, having sex without emotional intimacy, experiencing heightened sexual pleasure during non-relational sex, relational infidelity, and perceiving the receipt of sexual pleasure from others as the best thing about sex. No evidence emerged that these associations were spuriously due to high sex drive individuals being both more likely to consume pornography and engage in impersonal sex. But several were conditional on age. Most importantly, countering the conventional wisdom that sexual media are most likely to affect the sexual behavior of young audiences, the strength of the positive association between pornography use and the likelihood of engaging in group sex and casual dyadic sex was larger among older adults and weaker among younger adults.

Homogenization of Pop Music: How Social Media’s Algorithms Prevents Creativity and Innovation

This paper examines the impact of social media on the homogenization of pop music, arguing that platforms like Spotify, YouTube, and TikTok contribute to narrowing creative possibilities within the genre. By analyzing the role of algorithms, audience behavior, and industry practices, the study highlights how social media’s emphasis on viral content and mass appeal stifles artistic diversity and innovation. Algorithms prioritize music with broad, mainstream appeal, creating a feedback loop that reinforces popular trends while marginalizing experimental or niche genres. Audience engagement further drives this homogenization, as artists increasingly tailor their work to fit algorithmic preferences and audience expectations. Industry practices, particularly the focus on producing “TikTok-friendly” hits, exacerbate this trend by favoring formulaic production over creative risk-taking. The research underscores the implications of these dynamics for global music culture, where the pressure to conform to a globalized pop standard threatens to erode local musical traditions. The paper concludes by advocating for strategies to preserve artistic diversity, including alternative distribution models, support for independent artists, and developing algorithms that promote a broader range of musical expressions.

Stebėjimo metodo ypatumai muziejų auditorijos elgsenos tyrimuose

Audience behaviour research is one of the most relevant topics in the field of museology, as visitor-oriented modern-museology-based museums inevitably need to understand how visitors learn, explore and understand museum information and communication. The article discusses the specifics of the application of observation as one of the oldest scientific research methods in the study of museum audiences. Even though observation is identified as an essential way of studying audience behaviour in real-time, the application of the method still raises questions about the way it is applied, issues of objectivity and the reliability of data. This paper aims to highlight relevant methodological issues in the application of observation and other qualitative methods of museum visitor research in assessing the relationship between the essential research question and the data needed to answer it. A literature review and the results and experiences of the empirical research conducted for the doctoral thesis are used to answer the questions. The empirical study of visitors’ free choice behaviour in the Lithuanian Museum is used to illustrate the relevant features of the monitoring method, while the detailed results of the visitor behaviour monitoring study are presented in a dedicated paper.

Antecedents & After-Effects of Content Creator-Based Product Placement: Empirical Insights from Bangladesh

Purpose: The emergence of content creators in social media is a comparatively new phenomenon of interest which has rightfully attracted the digital marketers. As they have discovered a new way to connect with the audience it has inevitably led to the advent of content creator-based product placement. The study is designed to propose and test a creator product placement model uncovering the factors determining audiences’ attitude and subsequent behavioral responses. Design/Methodology: The study employed a single-cross sectional design administering a structured questionnaire-based survey on a sample of 385 respondents. A conceptual model was developed showing the hypothesized relationships among specified variables which was validated using Structural Equation Modeling. Findings: Content preference, relatability, quality, attitude toward creator, parasocial relationship, fit between content and brand and fit between creator and brand are the significant determinants of the attitude toward creator product placement. It in turn influences attitude toward brand and subsequent purchasing intention. Practical Implication: The proposed framework will aid social media marketers to formulate effective creator marketing strategies to elicit desired behavioral response from the audience. It also enriches the existing body of literature of creator marketing. Originality/Value: The study endeavors to come up with a comprehensive model to understand the behavior of the target audience toward creator product placement which is relatively unexplored and unidentified.

An automated social media manager based on artificial intelligence

In today's world of social media, where brands and companies constantly interact with their audiences, the automation of content management processes is becoming increasingly important. Manual content creation, publication, and analysis on social networks require significant resources and time. Automated social media management systems based on artificial intelligence help simplify these processes, enhancing efficiency and optimizing audience engagement strategies. Artificial intelligence in social media marketing systems allows for the automation of tasks such as creating text posts, scheduling publications across different platforms, and analyzing user interactions. Artificial intelligence can analyze audience behavior, predict the optimal time for posts, and recommend changes to content strategies for maximum reach. This not only saves time but also improves the effectiveness of marketing campaigns through more accurate analytical data. However, the automation of social media marketing also faces challenges. The primary issues include the complexity of integrating different social networks into a single management system and the limitations in generating high-quality content that meets the emotional and stylistic requirements of the brand. Additionally, a major challenge is content personalization based on data analysis, which must account for each audience segment's unique needs and behavioral characteristics. Despite these challenges, the prospects for developing automated social media marketing managers are promising due to ongoing innovations in artificial intelligence and machine learning. Future research and development will focus on improving the quality of automated content generation, enhancing user interfaces, and integrating new social platforms to expand multi-channel marketing campaign management capabilities. Thus, the automation of social media marketing is a promising field that will enable brands and companies to optimize their audience engagement strategies while significantly reducing the time and resources required for content creation, publication, and analysis. This work presents the structure of the main entities of an automated social media management system based on artificial intelligence, including users, professions, questions, answers, settings, and integration with Telegram. The developed system enables efficient content management, automates publications, and personalizes audience interaction based on user responses. The system's described key components, attributes, and relationships provide scalability and flexibility, allowing brands and companies to optimize their marketing strategies and client interactions.

Qualitative Evaluation of the Academic Reflections of Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Fields of Communication and Public Relations

Artificial Intelligence (AI), as in various other fields, is causing significant changes in the fields of communication and public relations by modernizing traditional methods and tools. AI applications, which have evolved with technological advancements, introduce new tools that make communication processes more efficient and effective, enabling both time and resource savings. Notably, comprehensive data analyses and the ability to understand target audience behaviors, along with continuous communication opportunities provided by automated response systems and chatbots, are particularly striking. In this context, the new opportunities that AI brings to the fields of communication and public relations are creating positive impacts in current sectoral practices and are also being reflected in academic studies conducted in the field. This study is a descriptive research aimed at examining academic studies on artificial intelligence in the fields of communication and public relations published in journals included in the Dergi Park system. The sample of the study consists of articles published in the Dergi Park system between 1990 and 2023, identified using the keywords communication-artificial intelligence and public relations-artificial intelligence. Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA20 software. The analysis of the study is based on a systematic and interpretive approach that considers the titles, abstracts, keywords, publication years, publication languages, research methods used, and the authors' fields of study. According to the findings, a total of 32 articles on communication, public relations, and artificial intelligence were identified, and it was determined that the majority of these articles were conducted using a qualitative research approach. The research findings indicate that the number of academic studies published on artificial intelligence has increased over the years, but the total number of published articles remains insufficient. Additionally, among the communication subtopics associated with artificial intelligence, public relations stands out as a diverse and multidimensional field, with the most intensive studies found in the areas of corporate communication, crisis communication, and reputation management, respectively.

An Extensive Assessment of Factors Driving Theatre Audience Loyalty and Engagement

Background: Theatre audience loyalty is vital to growing appreciation rates and overall consumer satisfaction. This research aims at discovering and understanding the relationship between TEE, PPV, and APQ, TSAT, AL and RTV. The goal of this study is to evaluate theatre audience behaviours and the factors that affect their propensity to revisit the theatre again. In order to look at the relationships between TEE, PPV, APQ, TSAT, AL, and RTV, the study used CB-SEM. To compare high and low groups of TEE, PPV and APQ Mann-Whitney U Test was used; Chi-Square test was utilized to cross-tabulate two variables. Questionnaires were completed by 550 theatre audience respondents, and variables were assessed by a 5-point Likert scale. CB-SEM analysis also showed that TEE has a positive impact on RTV (β= 0.045) and PPV (β= 0.038), whereas, APQ has the least impact (β= 0.015). Analysis indicated that TSAT and AL, respectively, moderated the relationships between PPV and RTV (r = 0.22) and TEE and RTV (r = 0.31). Mann-Whitney U Tests confirmed the significant relationships for TEE and PPV but not for APQ. Chi-Square Tests exposed that there was a considerable relationship among TEE and RTV [χ² = 7.89, p = 0.005] as well as between PPV and RTV [χ² = 5.67, p = 0.017]. Findings of the study show that TEE and PPV are core determinants of RTV, with TSAT and AL being strong intermediaries. Thus, emphasize that APQ does not have a sufficient or significant effect on RTV. Thus, these findings are useful for increasing theatre audience loyalty and engagement.

Short videos of Great Artists on the Douyin platform: Content Analysis and Value

Modern Chinese artists differ significantly in terms of their dissemination power. Some famous artists' short videos can receive hundreds of millions of likes, while others can only get sporadic likes. Xu Beihong, a Chinese modern painter and art educator, played a pivotal role in the history of contemporary Chinese art. The study aim is to explore the common value characteristics of great artists' short videos and fill the research gap by analysing the content, subject matter, and presentation forms related to the artist. Based on the theory of art economics, the study takes the top 100 liked short videos of Xu Beihong on the Douyin platform as the research object. First, the accounts that posted these short videos were analysed. Second, content analysis is used to categorise the content of these short videos. Finally, the value behind the data was assessed. Research has found that many short video accounts featuring artists include commercial windows, and many of these short video contents involve commercial aspects. Favourable evaluations of artists are often associated with higher commercial value of the artworks. The results indicate that audience participation and interaction with artworks offer considerable value on short video platforms. Artworks presented through these new channels provide aesthetic and experiential value. The commercialisation of these artworks represents the value derived from audience behaviour and engagement.

Study on Legal Disputes over Audience Behavior in Sports Events

Study on Legal Disputes over Audience Behavior in Sports Events

Comparative VOD catalogue research: Circulation, presence and prominence of British content in Europe

Video-on-demand (VoD) platforms have become primary spaces for encounters with transnational film and television, particularly among younger audiences. The expansion of global US-owned VoD services like Netflix has generated questions about the availability, discoverability, and prominence of domestic and European content, making the issue of how to analyse VoD catalogues pressing. Two perspectives are prevalent in VoD catalogue research: ‘back-end’ research emphasising composition and circulation; and ‘front-end’ analysing content presentation and discoverability. Quantitative methods facilitate comparative and longitudinal analyses of what is found on which VoD catalogues. Qualitative methods examine where and how audiences find content. This article, fostering synergy between the two, probes (1) the significance of VoD catalogue research in understanding the dynamics of transnational content flows and audience behaviours, and (2) its methodological possibilities and limitations. Focusing on British content in European VoD catalogues, it draws on two research projects: EUVoD (Aarhus Universitets Forskningsfond AUFF, 2021–2024), analysing the developing European VoD market within changing conditions of competition and policy; and Screen Encounters with Britain (AHRC, 2022–2025), investigating young Europeans’ use of British film and TV. The article utilises the European Audiovisual Observatory’s databases of European works and the streaming guide JustWatch.com, combined with systematic tracking of VoD landing pages. It thus maps content availability, popularity, and promotional strategies across different European markets and services, showcasing how patterns of presence, prominence and circulation shape probable audience encounters with non-domestic content. The article probes methodological considerations, complexities and caveats applicable to wider catalogue research into transnational media. In the case of British content availability on VoD, it shows how a vast number of ca. 15,000 individual UK titles available in European catalogues boils down to about 200 titles that can be easily found on Netflix, and 70 titles there of that young audiences (aged 16–34) recall as UK shows they know and remember.

Innovation in Local Digital Media: The Case of Sevilla Directo

Introduction: The journalistic company is immersed in a process of permanent transformation to overcome a crisis context. In this scenario, marked by disruptive changes in technology and in the behaviour of audiences and advertisers, a communication ecosystem emerges that facilitates the emergence of new media. Community social media, data journalism, and specialisation are some of the characteristics present in these business models. The objective of this research is to identify and understand the role of innovation in media adaptation to the current communication paradigm. Methodology: The case study will be used. For this, we will analyse a digital native medium in a city of approximately 700,000 inhabitants, Sevilla Directo. The techniques of information collection have been observation, analysis of websites, in-depth interviews, a discussion group between journalists, and reports and databases of the sector. Results and discussion: The results show that technological advances and the reach of social networks are fundamental for the growth of local media. However, it is observed that adaptive changes predominate with little disruption and little concern for R&D&I. The organisation under study lacks a business model that guarantees its long-term sustainability and bases its subsistence on traditional income routes. At the same time, social capital stands as a key element in financing.

Predictors of Mobile News Consumption through News Applications (Apps): The Impacts of Audience Characteristics, Media Usage, and Motivations

This study investigates news audiences’ platform preferences, usage patterns, and factors affecting their mobile news consumption through news apps. Four explanatory factors, news app users’ demographics, news media usage, perceptions, and motivations, are proposed to predict adoption intention. By surveying 698 mobile news app users in the US, this study’s findings indicate that user perceptions of news apps (i.e., perceived ease of use, compatibility, relative content advantage, and observability) and instrumental motivations of news consumption (i.e., information-seeking and opinion needs) best predict news consumers’ willingness to continue using mobile news apps. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed to offer new insights into mobile news audience behavior and inform current digital publishers on cross-media strategies in the highly competitive mobile news market.

Analysis of YouTube Videos on Circumcision: Evaluating Reliability and Quality for Patients and Parents

Objective: Circumcision is a significant issue for child health and parents, and the reliability and quality of information published on platforms like YouTube can affect patients' access to accurate information. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of Turkish YouTube videos as a source of information about circumcision. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a search was conducted on YouTube using the keyword "circumcision" on June 1, 2024. After applying exclusion criteria, the 45 most viewed Turkish videos (more than 10,000 views) were included in the study. Videos that were irrelevant, contained advertisements, personal experiences, or were in languages other than Turkish were excluded. The duration, view count, likes, dislikes, number of comments, and upload date of the videos were recorded. The Video Power Index (VPI) was calculated to measure video popularity. Two pediatric surgeons independently assessed the quality and reliability of the videos using the Modified DISCERN (mDISCERN), Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), and Global Quality Scale (GQS) scores. Scale scores were compared between groups based on the purpose and publisher of the video using the Mann-Whitney U test. Correlations between video characteristics and scale scores were evaluated with the Spearman correlation coefficient, and inter-observer agreement was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 (86.7%) of the 45 videos were informational, and 6 (13.3%) were surgical. The average length of the videos was 213.5 ± 206 (35 - 1164) seconds. The average duration since the videos were published until June 1, 2024, was 1653 ± 980 (350 - 3985) days. The average view count of the videos was 73,862 ± 114,210 (11,736 – 679,985). The average Video Power Index of the videos was 39.9 ± 40.85 (3.69 - 247.1). The average mDISCERN score was 2.87 ± 1.24, the JAMA score was 2.71 ± 0.7, and the GQS score was 3.38 ± 1.19. According to the GQS scale, 22.3% (n=10) of the 45 videos were of low quality, 33.3% (n=15) were of medium quality, and 44.4% (n=20) were of high quality. All scale scores of informational videos were statistically significantly greater compared to the surgical videos (P=0.008, P=0.041, P=0.024, respectively). Conclusion: YouTube is a significant source of information with the potential to influence the knowledge and behavior of a wide audience regarding circumcision. Patients and their relatives should consider videos uploaded by expert physicians. There is a need for more high-quality educational surgical circumcision videos and short, clear, unbiased, high-quality informational videos addressing controversial issues and containing necessary resources created by expert physicians. This will help increase the accurate knowledge of families about circumcision and consequently reduce unnecessary anxiety and expectations.

“I See Super-Rich (Versus Poor) People, Therefore I Spend”: Effects of Social Comparison and Donation Mode on Egoistic Spending versus Altruistic Giving

ABSTRACT Digital platforms present consumers with contrasting visual narratives, from images of opulence to depictions of poverty. This study delves into the strategic implications of such dichotomous exposures, anchored in Social Comparison Theory. Three experiments (∑ N = 1665) investigated how portrayals of affluence and deprivation influence audience behaviors, specifically egoistic luxury spending versus altruistic charitable giving. Experiment 1a employed a 2 (exposure to photos of poverty versus affluence) x 2 (luxury spending versus charitable giving scenario as the within-subjects factor) mixed factorial design. Experiment 1b employed a 2 (poverty versus affluence) x 2 (luxury spending versus charitable giving) between-subjects factorial design. Experiment 2 employed a 3 (poverty versus affluence versus neutral photos) x 2 (anonymized versus publicized donation) between-subjects factorial design to further examine the interaction effects of social comparison direction and donation mode. Empirical findings highlight that downward social comparison (exposure to poverty) can amplify charitable inclinations, while upward comparison (exposure to affluence) can enhance conspicuous consumption. Individual difference factors such as materialism, need for status, social comparison orientation, and greed play pivotal roles in moderating these effects. This research contributes to the understanding of digital portrayal influences on consumers’ spending behavior, offering both theoretical insights and practical implications for strategic communication.

Loved everywhere?: Netflix’s top 10 and the popularity of geographically diverse content

Using Netflix’s weekly Global Top 10 lists for English-language and non-English-language series and films, this article highlights some of the ways in which the world’s most popular streaming platform misrepresents both the production and consumption of its most popular geographically diverse global content. First, the Global Top 10 lists create a series of false equivalencies between the popularity of English-language and non-English-language content that mask the difference in production budgets between the two categories. Second, Netflix’s publicized data isolates the global audience distribution of non-English-language content from other economic, technological, cultural, and political factors affecting local media ecosystems as demonstrated through an analysis of South Korea. Third, in failing to account for genre-related differences, the Global Top 10 lists distorts audience behavior in the Ibero-American region. Despite the variety of limitations presented by the incomplete audience data from Global Top 10 lists, when properly contextualized with recent academic research and economic information extracted from the specialized trade press publications, this article argues that the relationship between global streaming audiences and geographically diverse content is far more complex than it appears in the Netflix’s industrial discourses.

Analysis of the Effect of Music on Audience Behavior at a Concert

Analysis of the Effect of Music on Audience Behavior at a Concert

Connecting Pixels to Trust: A Systematic Review of the Relationship Between Government Social Media Usage and Citizens' Trust in Government

Government social media has garnered significant attention due to its impact on citizens' attitudes, prompting extensive academic research. This review aims to delineate a decade-spanning corpus of literature, discern prevalent research trends, and propose a prospective research agenda in this domain. Employing systematic literature review and PRISMA methodologies, our investigation identified 22 published articles through comprehensive keyword searches across Scopus, Google Scholar, CNKI, and ProQuest databases, ensuring a diverse representation of geographic areas to capture the global perspective on this issue. This study mainly utilize a mixed research methodology encompassing bibliometrics and content analysis to analyze data results. This paper conducted a bibliometric analysis revealing that the relationship between government social media usage and citizens' trust in the government remains a contentious topic. To delve deeper into this relationship, the selected literature were categorized into three distinct research themes through content analysis, forming a comprehensive conceptual framework. Upon meticulous analysis, the findings suggest that future research should explore the communication field more extensively, encompass a broader range of research topics, employ refined concepts, and examine the mediating role of audience behavior, particularly focusing on the behavior of young people. Furthermore, researchers are encouraged to adopt a more thorough and detailed systematic approach when reviewing relevant literature on government social media.

Studying the Influence of School Culture on Health-related Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Traditional Chinese Medicine

With the development of the mobile internet and the intensification of the differentiated behaviour of communication audiences, there are many challenges and difficulties in content dissemination to younger generations about promoting Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and improving health-related behaviour. Current literature lacks information on the association between knowledge, attitude, practice, and campus culture construction. This article investigates the relationship between traditiona Chinese medicine (TCM) campus culture construction and health-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among primary campus students in China. It employed structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyze the data. For this study, the data was collected through an online questionnaire from a group of students. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory FactorAnalysis (CFA) was conducted on data for validation and reliability. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the influence of TCM campus culture construction on health-related KAP among primary campus students.

Analysis of the Communication Path of Ideological and Political Education for College Students Empowered by Smart Media

As a crucial part of the entire education system, the dissemination of ideological and political education determines the success or failure of educational quality through its actual effectiveness. The arrival of the new media era has changed the way information is disseminated, reshaped the communication path and mode, and had a profound impact on the value choices and ideological behavior of college student audiences. Facing the group of young college students, the communication environment in the era of intelligent media is a new development space, creating opportunities for the dissemination of ideological and political education. In the face of changes in information dissemination methods and behavioral characteristics of college students, it is of great significance to explore innovative paths for the dissemination of ideological and political education in universities through the empowerment advantages of intelligent media.