Attractive Investment Environment Research Articles

Attracting Foreign Venture Capital Investment: The Institutions that Matter Most for Emerging Economies

This study explores the critical institutions and challenges influencing the attraction of international venture capital (VC) investment in emerging economies. By examining governance indicators such as "Voice and Accountability" and "The Rule of Law," the research highlights the importance of strong democratic institutions and robust legal frameworks in creating an attractive investment environment. It also identifies the complexities of regulatory frameworks, political stability, and corruption control in this context. The findings suggest that while effective governance fosters VC investment, over-reliance on government assistance can be counterproductive. The study emphasizes the need for collaboration among governments, regulatory bodies, and local organizations to create an investor-friendly climate, unlocking the potential for innovation and economic growth in emerging markets. Further research is recommended to understand the nuanced interactions between these factors and VC investments across diverse settings.

Increase Foreign Direct Investment Attraction in Thanh Hoa Province

In recent years, more and more large projects have been invested in Thanh Hoa, showing that the province has made strong changes to improve the business investment environment. The Resolution of the 19th Party Congress of Thanh Hoa province has determined that continuing to promote administrative reform, creating an open and attractive investment environment is one of the three breakthroughs in the 2020-2025 term. , localities in the province are making efforts to implement many specific solutions to improve the business investment environment, focusing on improving governance quality and administrative reform. Thanh Hoa is still the leading locality in the Central region in terms of attracting FDI, but in recent years, Thanh Hoa province is showing signs of slowing down. The article studies the current status of FDI investment in Thanh Hoa province in the period of 2020 - 2022, from which to propose some solutions to increase FDI.

DYNAMICS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN POST-PANDEMIC GEORGIA

DYNAMICS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN POST-PANDEMIC GEORGIA

The Current State of Investment Facilities and Their Impact on Attracting Foreign Investments: A Comparative Study between Turkey and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Foreign investment has become an essential phenomenon in the global economy today. It represents a major driver of economic development for many countries. It is carried out by investors in order to attain a variety of business advantages. However, investments do not flow into economies randomly, but they move to countries based on the available investment facilities that encourage investors to select certain countries over others. Therefore, investment facilities are of utmost importance for attracting foreign investments. The present study aims to investigate the current state of investment facilities and their impact on attracting foreign investments. It presents a comparison between two contexts, which are Turkey and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The author adopts the literature review methodology, which involves reviewing recent relevant literature. In the light of insight provided by literature, the study has obtained the following findings: both Turkey and Jordan are examples of countries that have succeeded in attracting foreign investments through investment facilities; strengths of the Turkish experience include granting foreign investors rights equal to those of their domestic counterparts as well as economic openness and liberalization, while its weaknesses include the failure to attract flows of foreign investments to a level comparable to that of domestic investments; and the strengths of the Jordanian experience include the introduction of a variety of laws, strategies, and plans to create an attractive investment environment, while its main weakness is the failure to maintain consistency of growth in the net investment of foreign investors. In light of these findings, the study presents a list of relevant research suggestions and practical recommendations.

ევროპის „მწვანე შეთანხმება“ და მისი გავლენა საქართველოს ენერგეტიკულ სექტორზე

Energy is a key field of not only economic, ecological, climatic, but also political challenges and risks of modernity. Special attention is paid to the energy sector in the context of global climate change. Increasing the use of solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal energy and biomass will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and switch to fossil fuel-based economies of clean sources. The European Union- goals to replace traditional energy with renewables - are becoming more ambitious each time. The “Global Green Agreement”, which should be the basis of the EU's economic vision, provides additional incentives for this. In the paper has been conducted an energy economic analysis of Georgian energy; Have been discussed the target indicators and characteristics of the energy sector; The most important tasks of energy security, energy saving and raising the level of energy efficiency is formulated; The directions to solve these problems are outlined in this work. Second of all, Georgia should try to engage in a series of radical, revolutionary changes known as the "4th Energy Transition." With this transition, the use of fossil fuels will be reduced to a minimum in the next 10 years, and in 2050 the correction of "carbon neutral" energies around the world is announced. The use of solar and wind energy requires backup capacities, the cheapest source of which is again hydropower. In the paper we have substantiated and analyzed the most important issues of the need to develop hydropower resources and give recommendations based on research. In our opinion, in order to deepen political and economic relations with the EU, it is important to gradually bring Georgian legislation closer to the European one, which will help establish a concrete, transparent and efficient energy market model, create an attractive and stable investment environment, develop energy resources through the development of renewable energy resources and the implementation of energy efficiency measures. On the other perspective the Green Agreement” of Europe is a long-term path to the transition to a lowcarbon economy, in accordance with the terms of the Paris Agreement. It envisions Europe as the first carbon neutral continent by 2050. To achieve this goal, the EU plans to reduce emissions by 50% by 2030 compared to 1990. Naturally, this can only be achieved through the adoption and implementation of relevant strategic documents and decisions. Accordingly, our paper discusses the main essence of the Green Agreement, the challenges associated with its implementation and its impact on the future of the Eastern Partnership, especially Georgia.

Can The Easing Of COVID-19 Restrictions Enhance the Performance of Sectors in The Stock Market?

COVID-19 pandemic has affected stock prices in many sectors of financial markets and this can be seen in many countries all over the world. The main enquiries in this study included whether the negative effect of COVID-19 pandemic was converted into a positive reaction in the financial markets after the restriction related to the pandemic were gradually relaxed and which sectors were more affected by this relaxation. These inquiries were investigated through examining the case of the state of Qatar because it has an attractive investment environment as the richest country in the Arab world. Quantitative method was followed to answer the enquiries of this study by testing the performance of the stock indices in the sectors of Qatari market for the period from 25 April, 2021 to 18 November, 2021. The performance of the index of each sector was measured using risk-adjusted performance measures. Data of the study were analyzed using Friedman test. Study results revealed that the gradual lifting of the restrictions has positively affected the performance of the sectors in the stock market and that the magnitude and direction of the effect was different on each sector.

ЗНАЧЕННЯ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ В УМОВАХ КОНКУРЕНТНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article provides insights into implications of modern competitive economy for the national economic development and argues that in the new business realia it is critical to search for internal reserves for socioeconomic growth at all levels of administrative and territorial entities including socioeconomic development of rural areas based on natural, technological, human and other factors aimed at attaining competitive advantages. The study demonstrates that in the context of innovation and investment processes, building appropriate infrastructure is the priority objective to boost rural areas development. Such approach will contribute to creating an attractive investment environment, shaping an innovative structure of rural areas able to provide a full chain of creating and disseminating innovations and new technologies in production, enhance investment and innovation capacity of rural areas, modernization and change of territorial industries. The study identifies the terms and determinants in building effective infrastructure support for facilitating innovation and investment process of rural development and its properties that arise within the competitive economy paradigm. Apart from that, the study presents a framework of endogenous and exogenous factors affecting the infrastructure support for innovation and investment processes to foster rural development in Ukraine. The following factors are discussed as the most critical ones: legal, financial, investment-based, organizational, managerial, psychological, motivational, economic, consulting, informational, professional, scientific, industrial, technological, marketing, socioeconomic, etc. The summary outlines the key vectors of institutional, organizational and economic transformation that will promote building effective infrastructure support for further innovative development of rural areas.

МАРКЕТИНГ ТЕРИТОРІЙ: ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПРИВАБЛИВОСТІ

The investment component in territorial marketing is in many respects dominant, determining the possibilities of human capital development and innovative growth of the economy, although, at the same time, the attractiveness for investors depends on factors of the quality of the territory. In this aspect, it is relevant to study the issues of investment attraction in regional development within the framework of territorial marketing. The work examines the marketing of territories from the standpoint of increasing the competitiveness of the country's national economy, in particular, the implementation of development potential in the field of investment attraction. The study determined the features of the development of an attractive investment environment of the territories with the aim of ensuring the efficiency of life and the competitiveness of the system. The article examines the features and mechanisms of attracting investors within the framework of the marketing concept. The purpose of the article is to develop the principles of effective use and management of the territory by implementing a system of tools for attracting and increasing the efficiency of the use of investment flows as a tool for marketing the territory, which increases the efficiency of processes and allows to stimulate the subjects of the territory. The conducted research aims to prove the thesis that territorial marketing is an important element of accelerating the development of regions through the activation of the local community, as well as building connections and a sense of identity among its residents. The object of this study is to define a system of tools for attracting and increasing the efficiency of the use of investment flows as a tool for marketing the territory, which increases the efficiency of processes and allows to stimulate the subjects of the territory. The authors determine the importance of the social, ecological and economic effect for the territory and its territorial community as an important criterion for the activation of the investment component in the marketing planning of territorial development and building relationships with potential investors.

BOSHQA UMUMLASHGAN DAROMADLAR TASNIFI VA TARKIBIY TUZILISHI

At present, the pace of international integration is leading to rapid development of its efforts to recognize and introduce international standards of financial reporting in the countries across the world. It is known, that no country has natural and economic resources in full. These can hardly be found in different countries. For this reason, countries keep trading with each other. Our country is the one which is rich in natural and economic resources. However the produce made by our domestic manufacturers cannot fully meet the world standards, and we are not able to actively participate in the global economy. Therefore, endeavors to attract foreign investors continue to-date. Attractive investment environment is important in view to get an investor to invest. Transition to international standards of financial reporting, which is widely used in developed economies and is understandable to all investors, will help to shape the investment climate and provide investors with required information medium. According to international standards, the “consolidated income statement” shows financial results of a company which is regarded as an important report for investors.

Development of the clean hydrogen industry in Australia – a regulatory and fiscal roadmap for the fuel of the future

As Australia moves toward decarbonisation across all of its sectors, the production and use of clean hydrogen have emerged as a clear alternative. It is versatile, storable, transportable and, ultimately, a fuel source that is carbon free. Funding and policy announcements across State and Federal Governments for the hydrogen industry have built momentum in recent years, with projects already underway to address new uses for hydrogen, which are looking to improve the economics of production to meet the expected future demand not only here in Australia but also internationally. So, how can Australia lead the global shift to hydrogen and what is the regulatory and fiscal infrastructure needed to drive the development of the hydrogen industry in Australia? The key issues to be considered include the following: The need for government funding for development of the future uses of hydrogen to help build confidence and stimulate investment across the supply chain to enable commercialisation; Establishing an attractive investment environment for projects in Australia – not only the production of hydrogen but also for the supply chain infrastructure; Development of a certification scheme and Australia’s role in setting regional and/or international standards and Policy settings, including the necessary regulatory and fiscal reforms, relevant to support the period of transition to green hydrogen.

The influence of FDI on sustainable economic development of Ukraine in terms of global digitization

This article is a research study of the role and necessity of digital transformation of Ukrainian economy in the context of digitization of the world economy, which will promote economic growth and increase the international competitiveness of national economy, which in its turn will contribute to the further formation of an attractive investment environment. The modern tendencies of information economy development are disclosed. Changes of the determinants of FDI in the Ukrainian economy in terms of its digital transformation are revealed. It is proved that foreign trade and the globalization index of the country influence on the process of attracting FDI. Much attention in the article is paid to the role of information, development of information sphere, digitization, formation of a new information economy, foreign direct investments, which are necessary for the economic development of the country and affect economic growth in the context of global digitization. The necessity of this study is due to the modern trends of development in the world economy and the digital transformation of the national economy. The role and importance of foreign direct investments in the digital transformation of the national economy has been proved on the basis of a broad analysis of research works of foreign and national specialists, analysis of economic situation in Ukraine and the main macroeconomic indicators identified the role and necessity of transformation processes, macroeconomic indicators of economic development of the country were analyzed, the necessity and requirements for the formation of an attractive investment environment, favorable investment climate and business environment have been identified. Using the econometric model, based on E-Views software, the indicators of GDP, foreign trade, inflation, employment level and the globalization index have been analyzed in the context of their impact on the volume of FDI attraction and their forecasting have been made.

Development of Tourism in Ukraine: Trends and Factors that Create the Negative Image

The purpose of the article is to substantiate trends in the tourism activities in Ukraine and factors that create the negative image. The research is based on the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis (while summarizing the factors that form the negative image of Ukraine and reduce its economic security); comparative analysis (while identifying the trends of tourism activity development in Ukraine during 2011-2017); statistical analysis (while studying the dynamics of the tourism industry in Ukraine during 2014-2017). As a result of the study, the trends of tourism activity development in Ukraine during 2011-2017 have been determined. The factors that form the negative image of Ukraine and reduce its economic security have been determined. The implementation of strategic measures for the development of the Ukrainian tourism industry will create a positive image of the country, stimulate the development of tourism in Ukraine, formation of attractive investment environment and strengthening of the country’s economic security.

Foreign Investment and Export Management and Analysis - Kosovo Case

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has a special and specific importance for the Republic of Kosovo taking into account the conditions and economic development, which in turn impact the economic development and social improvement of the country. For the state to have a greater absorption of FDI, significant improvement should be made in improving the management capacity in order to create a motivating environment for foreign investment, which is related to the improvement of macro-factors and microfactors at the country level in order to make the environment as attractive as possible for FDI. The purpose of this paper is to present the trend of FDI, the trend of export with a keen eye on Kosovo and to present the correlation of FDI with export. Firstly, at the beginning of this paper, a theoretical review of the literature on definitions of FDI in economic terms and definitions of export is presented. Secondly, the trend and comparison of FDI and exports over the years is presented. Thirdly, FDI trends in Kosovo were analyzed by the country of origin of these investments, etc. Fourthly, in the context of this paper, an analysis in terms of investment management at the country level in order to create an attractive investment environment was made. Fifthly, as part of this paper, empirical analyzes showing the correlations between FDI and Export in the Kosovo case have been made. FDI trends in Kosovo have been decreasing over the years, which must be improved by creating a motivating environment for both domestic and foreign investors.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ КЛАСТЕРІВ

In this article the peculiarities of formation and development of transport-logistic clusters in the advanced countries of the world are considered, as well as prospects for their creation in Ukraine. Object of research - process of formation and development of transport-logistic clusters. The purpose of the work is to study the peculiarities of the formation and prospects of the development of transport clusters in order to improve the efficiency of the transport system of the country. The research method is a comparison and statistical analysis of the structures and characteristics of transport and logistics clusters in the advanced countries of the world. Modern market conditions require Ukraine to form a competitive logistics system with the further entry into the international world macrosystem, which will allow Ukraine to form a competitive transport system and effective infrastructure, strengthen international relations with other trade regions and countries. The question of improving competitiveness on the world market is one of the most urgent areas of development for Ukraine, and clusterization is one of the ways of effective economic development and its maintenance on the proper level in the system of world economic relations. Taking into account that the transport and logistics industry plays an important role in the public production of our country, the formation of transport and logistics clusters will have great social and economic significance for both the regional and national economies. Clusters become the poles of economic growth, not only of individual regions in which they are localized, but also of the state as a whole. The task of the state is to create the necessary conditions, an attractive investment environment for the emergence of new ones and the development of existing clusters. KEYWORDS: TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM, TRANSPORT AND LOGISTIC CLUSTER, LOGISTIC CENTER

DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT IN THE RURAL AREA

The research purpose is to formulate proposals for investment development in the construction of industrial and civilian objects in the countryside of Ukraine, taking into account the experience of rural area development in the EU. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition of socio-economic phenomena in their interconnection, basic provisions of economic theory, scientific developments of domestic and foreign scientists on investment development in rural area construction. The following methods were used in the work: theoretical synthesis, analysis and synthesis, historical, abstract-logical method, dialectic – in the study of theoretical foundations of the problem under study and in the formulation of conclusions and proposals. The subject of the study is a set of theoretical, methodological, and applied provisions in the field of investment development in construction in rural areas of Ukraine. Practical implications. When investing in countryside construction development, it is proposed to adhere to the following principles: investor’s free choice of directions and investment volumes; voluntary investment; purposefulness of investments; transparency of the process of using investments in the implementation of construction projects; informative value; independence and responsibility. Taking into account main directions of village social sphere development defined by the state and the current state of investing in rural area civil construction, it is proposed to increase the rights and responsibilities of local authorities and self-government. In order to intensify housing construction in the countryside, individual developers and business entities are encouraged to create mutual funds for financing construction and housing in rural areas. It has been established that during the period of research, investing in industrial and civil construction is distinguished by unevenness and is marked by a significant dependence on the general state of the country’s economy. To enhance investment in industrial and civil construction in the countryside as a factor of increasing socio-economic and environmental impact of the agrarian sector, it is advisable to use different sources of capital investment and increase their number. An attractive investment environment for industrial and civil construction in the countryside is formed at the expense of: the sustainable economy and society development; encouragement of entrepreneurial activity of the population; encouraging enterprises and organizations to carry out expanded reproduction; competent banking and financial and credit policy of the state and local self-government bodies.

The Impact of Turning Jordan into an Economic Free Zone on the Flow of Foreign Investments

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to show that turning Jordan into an economic free zone will lead to a significant increase in foreign investments. This increase, in turn, will lead to an economic growth and to a reduction in the unemployment rate. Jordan is a developing country and any successful investments in the economy sector will have a positive impact on the quality of the social life of its people. This is particularly important now in view of the economic pressure that Jordan is going through as a result of the presence of a huge number of immigrants who have fled the civil wars in neighboring countries.  
 
 Methodology: This study has utilized the relevant literature by way of evaluating the benefits of establishing economic free zones in Jordan. Many of the findings are based on analyzing statistical information published by governmental institutions in Jordan.
 
 Findings: Jordan offers an attractive investment environment due to the security and stability it enjoys compared with other countries in the Arab region. As such, it has succeeded in establishing new economic free zones through partnership with foreign investors. This has led to a significant increase in the flow of more foreign investments in Jordan. The present study shows that turning the whole of Jordan into an economic free zone will lead to yet a further increase of foreign investments, and hence to more empowerment of the economic sector. 
 
 Limitations:  The quantitative data available is limited to the years 1999-2007.
 
 Value: The findings of this study can be a point of departure for researchers and economic decision-makers in Jordan to prepare economic plans with the purpose of attracting foreign investments and hence promoting economic growth in the country.

The Impact Of Some Variables Of The Economic Investment Environment On Foreign Direct Investment In The Kurdistan Region Of Iraq For The Period 2006-2016

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the most important sources of external financing at the present time, which provides capital for the development process, an instrument for introducing modern technologies and technical and administrative expertise to the Kurdistan region of Iraq, increasing manpower skills, introducing modern methods of production, , Increasing their competitiveness. The objective of the research is to identify the specific investment environment of foreign direct investment and to measure the impact of economic investment environment indicators on foreign direct investment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) model. The study found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the independent variables (GDP, GDP per capita) and the dependent variable (FDI) during the study period. There is a long-term adverse and significant effect between the interest rate and foreign direct investment. The results also showed that there was no long-term impact relationship between (official exchange rate, inflation rate) and foreign direct investment (FDI). The study recommended the issuance of more legislation and procedures that encourage the creation of an attractive investment environment for foreign direct investment by improving political and security conditions, macroeconomic indicators and infrastructure development, and streamlining administrative procedures in ministries, bodies and institutions related to foreign investment. The concept of e-government refers to the development of the banking system because of its role in the financing of investment projects, and the development of programs and policies promotion of investment opportunities available in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. .

The investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq and its effect on attracting investment for the time period (2006-2016)

It kicks off search of a problem that it is in spite of the presence of some ingredients key to the economy of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and of the natural, human and financial resources, but there is a lack clear and real investments, whether it is domestic or foreign, so there is an urgent need to create and that are related to encouraging and attractive investment environment largely political, security and economic stability. From this point of research is to analyze the investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, as well as determine aspects of attracting domestic and foreign funds and economic sectors of the capital. To achieve this goal, the research on descriptive analysis and comparative analysis of the reality of the investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq on the basis of the available data and information support. The most important findings of the research that the investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq weak and need a lot of administrative and economic changes in the area of ​​creation of elements to attract local and foreign investment. And then propose a number of proposals from the most important need for government intervention to adopt a clear and appropriate strategies concerning the basic components of the investment environment by giving role and priority to the private sector alongside the public sector, and make some adjustments in the investment law for the benefit of investors on the one hand, and the specificity of the sectors in the Kurdistan Region of On the other hand.

The role of financial and administrative indicators in creating an attractive environment for foreign investments

Asulait search light on the financial indicators and the types of ease of indicators acts and statement impact in the creation of direct and indirect foreign investment attractive investment environment, and today are competing all over the developed and the developing world by improving financial and administrative their systems to provide various facilities for polarization through the development of the financial system on the one hand, and on the other hand provide incentives and reduce all kinds of administrative procedures that have been put forward and described in the report that the HRA issued to ensure investment and report the investment climate, and the union of these two objectives become the investment environment attractive for investment thereby enhancing the contribution to the economic development which is the target of seeking to achieve all countries, including Iraq .

The Criminal Liability of Parent Corporations for Acts of Its Subsidiaries under Criminal Law in Jordan: A Comparative Study

The present study deals with many legal aspects of criminal liability of legal entities, as well tries to explain the legislative and judicial attitude towards this sort of liability. The current research examines laws on criminal liability of parent companies for illegal acts of the subsidiary under criminal legislation in Jordan, and discerns legal norms and applicable aspects related to the doctrine of corporate criminal liability and the legal relationship of the parent company with the subsidiary. This study will first conduct a comprehensive analysis of the provisions of the Jordanian Company Law on the relationship between the parent company and the subsidiary. Issues of corporate criminal liability under the Jordanian legal and other selective comparative legal systems, several aspects of legal systems of common law and civil law about the criminal liability of parent corporations for conduct of parties outside of organization, or for offences of dissolved corporations, or for offences of predecessor’s corporations will be discussed. On the light of secrecy of studies in the direct theme of the present study and ambiguity of regulatory and legal framework in this topic, the researcher will carry out the analysis of the related legislation, including criminal laws merely with respect to the criminal liability of corporation for offences committed by its subsidiaries in order to revamp the legal framework of this issue. An attempt will take into consideration both national and international legal attitudes towards the theme of this research at national and international levels. Finally, this study is a bold step for the detection of weaknesses in the Jordanian legislation in regulating this matter, which is necessary for the interest of the national economy and to protect companies, corporation, economic units and their shareholders, and to create an attractive investment environment for investors.