Attitudinal Dispositions Research Articles

Collectivism, individualism, and self-identity as psychological antecedents of consumer cosmopolitanism and consumer ethnocentrism: a Vietnamese young perspective

Globalisation has been a macro force that has made a tremendous change in what the market looks like. International marketers put their continuous efforts on consumer attitudinal dispositions since...

WHY, WHERE, WHEN, AND HOW TO DOMESTICATING PEACE EDUCATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN NIGERIA?

The nature and dynamics of social menaces within the educational system have frustrated and held its development hostage. The fundamental issues underlying this trend are value erosion and moral decadence, which have paved way for the distortion of the behavioural and attitudinal dispositions of the operators of the system. The blatant exhibition of discrimination, injustice, prejudice, envy, jealousy and conflict incidents within the educational system not only calls for, but necessitates the domestication of peace education as a panacea to these social menaces and a way to enhance the productivity of the system. Therefore, this study addressed the questions of why, where, when, and how peace education should be domesticated in the educational system in Nigeria. Thus, these questions underscore the focus of discussion in order to promote understanding and learning of the subject.

Predicting residents' intention to conserve the hooded vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) in the Birem North District, Ghana

The vulture as an important and specialized scavenger in human societies, helps clean the environment and prevents diseases. However, plummeting populations across the globe in the last three decades has led to the classification of some species as endangered and critically endangered. This study predicts the intention of residents to support conservation of the hooded vulture in communities near a mine site in the Eastern region of Ghana. Novelty of the current study lies in the use of a social psychology theory to prognosticate human attitude towards a potential vulture population increase. The Theory of Planned Behavior was used as the study framework while data was collected through household survey. The questionnaire assessed attitudes of residents towards the vulture based on a wide range of issues, using a five-point Likert scale. The results indicate that respondents have strong attitudinal disposition towards non-persecution of vultures – a salient determinant of intention to support vulture conservation (r = 0.66, N = 281, p < 0.01). Variables reflecting attitudes and subjective norm were significant predictors of intention to support vulture conservation but perceived behavioral control was not significant. Interventions aimed at conserving vultures in the study area may succeed if strategies highlight the importance of avian scavengers in human societies and target change in personal attitudes that favor nature conservation in general.

Psycho-Cognitive Predictors of Eye Healthcare Seeking Behaviours among Secondary School Students in South-West Nigeria

Purpose: Poor eye healthcare seeking behaviour remains a global challenge among youth populations, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This has further impeded global efforts in eliminating avoidable causes of blindness among at-risk individuals and directly accounts for poor outcomes in their quality of life and the potentials of their contribution to economic development. This study sought to investigate the psychocognitive predictors of eye healthcare seeking behaviours of secondary school students in a semi-urban community of south-west Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey design that adopted a multistage sampling technique to collect data in respect of demographic characteristics and psycho-cognitive disposition of 422 consenting students attending eight secondary schools in Ikenne LGA, Ogun State. A self-administered 57-item validated instrument was used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency, tables, means, standard deviation and multiple regression with statistical significance at 5% level.Results: Demographics of the respondents revealed that 44.3% were between the ages of 15 and 17 while 56.4% of the respondents were female. Psycho-cognitive disposition of respondents comprising knowledge of eye care, attitudinal disposition towards eye care were significant predictors (p≤.0001), while perceived threat/susceptibility to eye infections was also a significant predictor (p=.017).Conclusion: The eye healthcare seeking behaviours of secondary school students in the study remained poor. Quality eye health education on good ocular hygiene and promotion programmes need to be conducted for the students to increase their eye healthcare seeking behavior.&#x0D; Keywords: Eye healthcare seeking, blindness, cognitive factors

Cognitive-behavioural factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral medication among HIV infected patients in Ibadan, Oyo state

Background: The initiation of antiretroviral therapy has brought about a huge transformation in HIV care and it has helped in saving millions of lives since its inception. Nevertheless, non-adherence poses a huge challenge to HIV care as this exposes the patients to opportunistic infections and brings about highly resistant viral strains. Therefore, this study assessed the cognitive-behavioural factors associated with the adherence to antiretroviral medication among HIV infected patients in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study design guided by a behavioural theory was employed. Multistage sampling was employed in this study. Purposive sampling was used to select the hospitals and simple random sampling was used to select the respondents. A 42 item semi-structured questionnaire validated at 0.85 Cronbach alpha was used. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at p&lt;0.05.Results: The result showed a mean age of 42.11±11.60 years, while 238 (82.6%) of the respondents were female. The study revealed a positive attitudinal disposition of 54% and a negative perception of 51.5%. Optimal antiretroviral medication adherence among the respondents was 189 (65.6%). Attitude and perception showed a statistical correlation towards antiretroviral medication adherence where p=0.001 and p=0.000 respectively.Conclusions: Attitude and perception are major cognitive-behavioural factors that predicts antiretroviral medication adherence, hence, health promotion intervention that could modify these factors and improve antiretroviral medication adherence is highly recommended.

Hyvin toimeentuleva, terve ja suvaitsematon – Suomalaisten nuorten poliittiset ideologiat asenneprofiileina tarkasteltuna

Yksilön asenteet eivät ole satunnaiset. Sen sijaan ihmiset omaksuvat tiettyjä asennekokonaisuuksia – poliittisia ideologioita, joita eri sosiaaliset ryhmät ylläpitävät. Esimerkiksi maahanmuuton kannatus tai vastustus tuo useimmiten mukanaan tukun muita asenteita sosiaali-, talous- ja turvallisuuspolitiikasta. Tavanomainen muuttujakeskeinen lähestymistapa asenteisiin ei kuitenkaan tavoita tätä. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin nuorten aikuisten (N=744, ikä 18-29, M = 24,65) poliittisia asenteita henkilösuuntautuneesta näkökulmasta, toisin sanoen mitä latentteja ryhmiä (vrt. ideologioita) asenteista muodostuu ja miten vastaajat siirtyvät niiden välillä pitkittäisseurannassa. Asenteet maahanmuutosta, sosiaalietuuksista, tuloeroista, ympäristön huomioimisesta ja puolustusvoimien vahvuudesta muodostivat neljä asenneprofiilia: (1) vihervasemmistolaiset, (2) markkinaliberaalit, (3) populistit ja (4) oikeistokonservatiivit. Naiset ja miehet sijoittuivat odotetusti epätasaisesti eri profiileihin. Odotusten vastaisesti tosin, kaikkein parhaiten toimeentulevat, terveimmät ja keskiverto-koulutustason omaavat suhtautuivat kaikkein kielteisimmin maahanmuuttoon. Asenneprofiilien välillä ei tapahtunut merkittäviä siirtymiä yhdeksän kuukauden seurantajakson aikana. Tulokset kyseenalaistavat julkisuudessa ylläpidettyjä mielikuvia mm. enemmistön maltillisuudesta maahanmuttokysymyksissä, Perussuomalaisista kansan syvien rivien puolueena sekä yhteydestä syrjäytyneisyyden ja maahanmuuttovastaisuuden välillä.

Climate-friendly Farming Self-efficacy and Its Correlates among Secondary School Agricultural Science Students in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

The Paper assessed self-efficacy of secondary school agricultural science towards climate-friendly farming. It specifically examined the influence that attitude towards climate-friendly farming, knowledge of climate change and ownership of household farms could have on the climate-friendly farming self-efficacy of the respondents. Correlation analysis, chi-square, percentages and composite index technique were applied to a set of primary data collected from 200 randomly sampled agricultural science students in 4 randomly selected schools in Uyo, AKS. Findings revealed that 52% of the respondents have high climate-friendly farming self-efficacy. The respondents had a positive attitudinal disposition towards climate-friendly farming. Most (48.5%) of the respondents had low knowledge of climate change. There is a need for stakeholders to translate the high climate-friendly farming self-efficacy observed among the respondents into climate-smart farming through a conscious effort at increasing their participation in practical farming activities both in school and home farms. There is a need to include climate change issues in secondary school curriculum to raise the knowledge level of the agricultural students on climate change. Students, upon the acquisition of this knowledge and skills, would help in the extension of innovative and efficient farming methods to their households and communities thereby complementing government efforts in the extension of modern and acceptable practices in farming.

Attitudinal Disposition and Management Perception among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Selected Hospitals in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an emerging metabolic disorder of the 21st century and has continued to attract the attention of health practitioners, as it continues to decrease the efficiency of its victims without any promise of change in the near or far future if more is not done to avert the progressing chronic condition.&#x0D; Aim: To determine the attitudinal disposition and management perception among diabetics Mellitus patients in selected hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria.&#x0D; Study Design: The study was a cross sectional survey design guided by a behavioral theory.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: using purposive sampling, the study was carried out among diabetic patient attending University College Hospital, Ring-Road State Hospital and Oluyoro Catholic Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State. &#x0D; Materials and Methodology: A systematic random sampling was used to select 600 out of 2,115 diabetes patients receiving treatment at University College Hospital, Ring-Road State Hospital and Oluyoro Catholic Hospital. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection on respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, attitudinal disposition and management perception. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis.&#x0D; Results: Mean age of the respondents was 63.9 ± 8.6 years, 75.3% were married and 62.7% were females. Majority (94.0%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards compliance with management of DM. Majority (91.5%) were of the attitude that it is not necessary for people living with DM to do regular exercise as exercise will not make them to breakdown and 97.0% were of the attitude that diabetic patients cannot take any amount of alcohol beverages he/she wants. Respondents’ mean perception score was 21.8 ± 4.8 and 69.2% had a positive perception to management of DM. most (69.2%) of the respondents were of the perception that DM is a lifelong disease and can only be controlled but cannot be cured.&#x0D; Conclusion: Many of the respondents had appropriate perceptions needed to cope with the disease. However, the positive attitude sustenance demonstrated by the respondent should be promoted if compliance with the management of DM must be ensured.

Nigerian rural mothers\u2019 knowledge of routine childhood immunizations and attitudes about use of reminder text messages for promoting timely completion

Mothers’ poor knowledge and attitudes about routine immunization impede childhood immunization completion. This study assessed mothers’ knowledge in rural communities about routine immunization and acceptability of mobile phone reminder text messages as an intervention for improving uptake and timely completion of routine immunization. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design among 3440 consenting mothers of infants in six randomly selected Nigerian states and in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). We used a Focus Group Discussion guide and validated questionnaire to collect data; we analysed data using a thematic approach and descriptive statistics. Respondents’ ages were 26.7 ± 5.5 years. Knowledge of routine immunization was poor; attitudinal disposition was positive. Most (90.5%) indicated willingness to accept reminder text messages for routine immunization and 91.5% opined that mobile phones can be effective in providing such information. Mothers’ willingness to accept the use of SMS reminder text messages for promoting routine immunization completion requires well-designed and culture-sensitive persuasive messages.

Segmenting Consumers Based on Their Evaluation of Local, Global and Glocal Brands

Based on their evaluations, attitudes, and purchase intention towards global, local, or glocal brands, this article provides and understanding of different consumer segments, in an emerging economy, suggesting theoretical, and practical implications for marketers and provides additional contributions to the literature on this area. The results of two surveys conducted in Mexico, suggest that the profile of “global brand lovers” is high consumer cosmopolitanism, low ethnocentrism, young, and low price sensitive. However, “local brand lovers” also have a higher level of cosmopolitanism than ethnocentrism. Finally, we empirically identified that materialism is the dominant consumer attitudinal disposition among “glocal brand lovers.”

Make It New! The Redeeming Modernism of Law and the Collapsing of Its Polarities

Abstract This article argues that law is an inherently modernist normative practice. Constructing a vision of Modernism which is at once an epistemology and an attitudinal disposition to doubt and make anew our assumptions about the world, the authors demonstrate that legal practice encounters the world through individual cases. Through these examples, the law is capable of both interacting with and comprehending that world, while also being forced to question the law’s own precepts and their application. In this manner, the law’s generalisations and abstractions become concrete, and can indeed be upended, through fleeting, impressionistic and highly case-specific examples. This exemplarity within law explains how law is able to navigate its apparently contradictory aspirations and natures which have bedevilled legal philosophy for millennia. In reality, law exists within a series of polarities, rather than contradictions, which are navigated through the law’s encounters with examples from the extra-legal world. The authors conclude that this aspect of the law’s nature also has practical consequences, requiring the law to maintain the fora in which new and novel cases are heard, and through which law’s modernist spirit can thrive.

Coping strategies in young and adult haemophilia patients: A tool for the adaptation to the disease.

Chronic diseases, after diagnosis, involve changes that have to favour coping with the new situation. The resources used will help control, manage and adapt to the disease. The psychological aspects may be influencing how the individual faces the situation. To assess whether perceptions or beliefs and illness behaviour influence the choice of coping strategies for young and adult patients with haemophilia. Multicenter cross-sectional descriptive study. We recruited 63 patients with haemophilia A and B, adolescents, young and adults, and both types of treatment. A clinical and sociodemographic data sheet, the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI), the Illness Perception Questionnaire-revised (IPQ-R) and the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ) were used. Patients with haemophilia use appropriate coping strategies, both cognitive and behavioural. Most of them are on-demand treatment, and despite arthropathy, they perceive good control of haemophilia. However, patients in prophylactic treatment are those employed more maladaptive coping strategies, less perception of control and hypochondriacal behaviour to the disease. The age variable may be relevant but we did not find significant differences. Coping strategies used by patients with haemophilia are adequate. Although it is noted that the perception of the disease, its controllability or not, affects illness behaviour and consequently how coping with haemophilia. These are based on personal characteristics, cognitive and attitudinal dispositions that the individual consciously use to solve or face adverse situations. The analysis of coping styles of patients could be a tool for professionals to manage properly the disease.

Self-evaluation of body image in sport active and sport inactive adolescent girls

Background: Body is the mental representation one creates about one's self and is in relation how others see him/her. In the scientific literature, there is a lack of knowledge concerning differences in self-evaluation of in sport active and sport inactive adolescent girls. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate satisfaction or dissatisfaction in an individual attitudinal disposition toward the physical self-body perception with regards to the level of physical activity (sport active and sport inactive) of adolescent girls in two dispositional dimensions: evaluation and orientation for three somatic domains of appearance, fitness and health/illness. This study aimed to investigate how was affected with regard to female adolescents' extracurricular level of physical activity. Methods: In the study 105 sport active adolescent girls (age 16.21 ± 1.54 years) and 49 sport inactive adolescent girls (age 16.99 ± .76 years) participated. We used the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). For comparison of satisfaction with the perceptions of their own in sport active and sport inactive girls MANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results: Our results show that the factor group (sport active or sport inactive adolescent girls) does not significantly affect body image represented with the answers to the items of MBSRQ (λ = .898, F(10, 143) = 1.63, p = .103, η2 = .102). Conclusion: This study shows that the level of physical activity does not significantly influence in the selected sample of sport active and sport inactive female adolescents.

The Role of Perception of Threats, Conservative Beliefs and Prejudice on Prosocial Behavioural Intention in Favour of Asylum Seekers in a Sample of Italian Adults

Based on the Dual Process Model (DPM), this study investigates the relationship among the perception of in-group threats, conservative ideologies (social dominance orientation, SDO, and right-wing authoritarianism, RWA), prejudice, and prosocial behavioural intentions (PBI) towards asylum seekers. A sample of 200 people living in Italy answered an anonymous questionnaire administered using a cross-sectional design. The results partially supported the DPM’s expectations while also showing, however, some unexpected effects with respect to behavioural intentions to help asylum seekers. As predicted by the DPM, the perception of in-group threats, whether realistic or symbolic, directly and indirectly (via SDO and RWA) affected prejudice against asylum seekers. SDO and RWA did not have a direct effect on behavioural intentions but their effects were totally mediated by prejudice. This is a novel finding and suggests that conservative ideologies can positively affect people’s behaviour but only through a decreased attitudinal disposition towards asylum seekers. The theoretical and practical implications derived from the data are discussed.

Framework for financial hardship indebtedness management in abandoned housing projects in Malaysia

Purpose This paper aims to examine the existing practices and pertinent issues affecting Islamic banks and their customers in abandoned housing projects (AHPs) to ensure compliance with Sharīʿah and statutory requirements. Design/methodology/approach This study employs the qualitative research method using the inductive approach to analyze both primary and secondary data and sources. Data collection involved a series of semi-structured interviews with five volunteering Islamic banks and a representative of Abandoned Property Owners Association Malaysia (Victims). Statutory acts, regulatory policies, guidelines, directives and standards were also analyzed. Findings The result indicates developer’s default, underlying contracts, regulatory arbitrage and bureaucracy, attitudinal disposition of customers and sell-then-build approach as major factors of AHP’s conundrum. Practical implications This study has suggested both short- and long-term solutions based on the principles of justice, public interests and removal of hardship to resolve and effectively manage financial hardship indebtedness arising from housing abandonment. Further, part of the proposed solutions would also reshape housing development policies and home financing transactions. Originality/value The quest for this research demonstrated Islamic banking industry’s initiatives to find lasting solutions to perennial issues of AHPs.

The Agony and the Ecstasy: Student-Coaches’ Perceptions of a Heutagogical Approach to Coach Development

Heutagogy is the focus on self-determined learning by the learner. In a recent Insights paper, Stoszkowski and Collins offered a critical overview of heutagogy, highlighting the potential advantages for coaching and coach education, as well as some concerns with its use. The aim of the present study was to offer insight into student-coaches’ experiences on a sports coaching bachelor degree module that was underpinned by a heutagogical approach to learning. Twenty-six student-coaches (6 females and 20 males) took part in semi-structured group interviews, 19 of whom had completed an end of module survey. Data were analyzed inductively and findings revealed that performance on, and perceptions of, the module showed the approach was differentially effective, with three higher order themes representing the student-coaches’ articulation of their experiences: (a) attitudinal disposition, (b) knowledge and experience, and (c) skill set. Although the findings of present study suggest heutagogy is a potentially useful method in coach education, we also highlight some potentially essential caveats to the use of the method.

Measuring Attitudinal Disposition of Undergraduate Students to English Language Learning: The Nigerian University Experience

Measuring Attitudinal Disposition of Undergraduate Students to English Language Learning: The Nigerian University Experience

Attitudinal Disposition of Students Towards the Personality Traits of Counsellors. A Case Study of Public Secondary Schools in Delta State, Nigeria

The study examined attitudinal disposition of students towards the personality traits of counsellors, using a case study of Public Secondary Schools in Delta Central Senatorial District of Delta State. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. 1 research questions and 2 hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The population for this study consists of all the students in all the public senior secondary schools in Delta Central Senatorial District. A sample size of 2000 students were randomly selected from all the schools in the senatorial district. The instrument for the study was a questionnaire titled Attitudinal Disposition of Students towards Personality Traits of Counsellors (ADSPTC). The instrument had a reliability value of 0.85. Simple percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test statistics of independent sample was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result revealed that student’s attitudinal disposition towards the personality traits of counsellors is negative, that there was no significant difference in the attitudinal disposition of students towards the personality traits of counsellors based on gender also there was a significance difference in the attitudinal disposition of students towards the personality traits of counsellors based on location. It was however recommended that counsellors should exhibit the professional qualities such as kindness, empathy, unconditional positive regard, genuiness, patience and love towards students. Counsellors should also not be biased in rendering their services and should accept every students unconditionally irrespective of gender and location.

Attitudinal Disposition of Trained Beekeepers towards Use of Modern Beekeeping Technologies in Oyo State, Nigeria

Attitudinal Disposition of Trained Beekeepers towards Use of Modern Beekeeping Technologies in Oyo State, Nigeria

Counselors as Leaders Who Advocate for Undocumented Students’ Education

Research has yet to fully explore counselor advocacy for undocumented students and the leadership they use in their advocacy. This study asks the following questions: (1) What motivates counselors to pursue educational access for undocumented K-12 students? and (2) How do school counselors advocate for undocumented K-12 students? We integrate boundary spanning and border crossing leadership theories as a conceptual frame to offerholistic approach for leaders’ socially just and inclusive practices concerning undocumented students on the borderlands. This embedded case study uses data from eight K-12 counselors . School counseling-related organizations explicitly detail advocacy competencies and the knowledge base, abilities and skills, and attitudinal dispositions professionals must develop. Knowledge of counselors’ leadership advocacy efforts can help prepare preservice leaders and other educators to effectively support undocumented students.