Youth Attitudes Research Articles

СПРИЙНЯТТЯ СТРАВ З ЇСТІВНИХ КОМАХ СПОЖИВАЧАМИ ПОСЛУГ ЗАКЛАДІВ ІНДУСТРІЇ ГОСТИННОСТІ

It has been determined that in modern conditions, growing insects for food usually requires much fewer resources than meat production, while edible insects can also complement other diets and provide the necessary nutrients into the body. The historical features of the use of insects as part of the human diet are considered. Three types of insect breeding have been identified: wild cultivation, semi-domestication and closed cultivation. It has been estimated that more than 2000 species of edible insects are consumed today worldwide. A comparative analysis of the composition of meat of slaughter animals and insects was carried out, it was determined that the content of individual nutrients differs significantly both in meat and in insects, while some of the edible species of insects have a higher energy value, a higher content of protein, fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol, compared to the meat of slaughter animals, but at the same time the content of insects is lower saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, thiamine, niacin, cobalamin, iron. The encouragement of insect consumption in food is characterized. and the United Nations Agricultural Organization (FAO) because of its environmental and human health benefits. The main ways of eating insects and the problem of allergenicity on insects are highlighted. The most commonly used species of insects for food are characterized. The problems of the impact of environmental pollution on the nutritional quality of insects are highlighted. The factors that need to be given importance to provide scientifically based recommendations for the development of environmentally sustainable production of edible insects for consumption, including the production and delivery of feed, product processing, are characterized. Trends in the development of the market for insect food products have been determined. Ways to increase consumer perception of edible insects are proposed. The results of a survey of the attitude of Ukrainian youth to the consumption of edible insects based on a survey are presented. It is concluded that the consumption of alternative proteins from insects is one of the ways to solve the problems of environmental protection, and edible insects can potentially become one of the sources of food in countries that do not have such cultural traditions, but for this insect-based food products to be similar to existing products, pleasant to the taste and have no visible signs of replacing traditional ingredients.

СТАРТАП КАК НАЧАЛО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ МОЛОДЕЖИ: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ

In the presented article, the features of preparation, factors and conditions for the implementation of a startup are formulated and the frequent problems of its implementation are indicated. Based on the theoretical research of domestic and foreign researchers, the data of the author’s sociological survey (aerobatic study, 2024, students of 1–4 courses of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education KSPEU (n=200)), the attitude of student youth to a startup as the beginning of entrepreneurial activity and business development was studied. The interest of young people in the commercialization of their business ideas was determined and the experience of their participation in the startup competition was noted. Youth interest in startup support programs and measures has been identified. At the same time, the need to further study the conditions that mediate and stagnate the scaling of startup projects and business ideas among young people (including socio-psychological barriers) has been identified, which is an urgent task in the development of youth entrepreneurship in modern conditions.

Социальное самоопределение и региональная самоидентификация студенческой молодежи Забайкальского края

The article deals with the problem of social self-determination of student youth and the influence on this process of regional identification caused by the entry of the TransBaikal Territory into the Far Eastern Federal District. The authors present the results and conclusions of a questionnaire survey of students of Trans-Baikal universities conducted within the framework of a large-scale sociological project “Social Self-Determination of Youth in the Formation of a New Regional Identity (Based on the Materials of the TransBaikal Territory and the Republic of Buryatia)”. The project is based on the idea of the interrelation between two scientific categories – “regional identity” and “social selfdetermination”. Moreover, regional identity is considered not only as a traditionally and historically grounded territorial and cultural identification, but as an artificially created geographical, economically conditioned territorial reality, which originates from November 4, 2018, when the Trans-Baikal Territory and the Republic of Buryatia were transferred from the Siberian Federal District to the Far Eastern Federal District by the Decree of President Vladimir Putin. The authors understand social self-determination as the inclusion of a person in all spheres of society, a person’s awareness and achievement of a stable position in the system of social relations. The components of social self-determination of student youth were identified: socio-professional self-determination, socio-political self-determination and socio-cultural self-determination within the framework of the studied missile defense. The analysis of the survey results allowed the authors to determine: (1) the most typical professional and motivational profiles and strategies of professional self-determination of Trans-Baikal students; (2) political orientations and attitudes of Trans-Baikal student youth in socio-political self-determination; (3) value orientations and life position in socio-cultural self-determination. The authors used the method of “layer proximity” identifying the level of regional identification of students of Trans-Baikal universities. The analysis of the identification profiles of the interviewed students showed that the new regional reality (I am a Far Easterner), artificially created for certain state purposes, has not yet entered the consciousness of the student youth and is not perceived by them as “close” and “native”. But in fact this is a strategic level of regional identity associated with the construction of a new regional image, the positioning of a new territorial entity, the invention of new territorial traditions and the formation of a new symbolic policy.

Construction of scale to measure attitude of rural youth towards agriculture as a source of livelihood

Construction of scale to measure attitude of rural youth towards agriculture as a source of livelihood

Youths' awareness and attitudes towards raising the minimum legal age of smoking and passive smoking in Singapore.

Early smoking initiation has been associated with a higher risk of developing long-term smoking habit. There is a growing global consensus that demands raising the minimum legal age (MLA) for smoking as an approach to address this problem. Singapore successfully raised the MLA from 18 to 21 years in 2021. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and attitude of multi-ethnic Asian youth (aged 15-24) on raising MLA to 21 and passive smoking. A cross-sectional survey comprising of 23 items was circulated via a secure internet-based platform, FORMSG between September and November 2022. Data were analyzed for descriptive statistics. Categorical variables were compared for association with receptivity toward change in MLA using Chi-Squared test and multivariable logistic regression analysis using Rstudio. Post-hoc Bonferroni correction were further utilized for pairwise comparison. Majority (80.3%) of the 608 participants expressed their support for MLA 21 implementation. Participants' age was a significant variable as those aged 15-17 years old (OR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.01-4.32, p = 0.048) showed a higher likelihood of supporting MLA implementation compared to those aged 21 and above. In addition, majority (89.8%) of them were also aware of the harmful effects of passive smoking. When it came to discouraging smoking among youth, family influence (64%) and school education (55.6%) emerged as the top strategies. Most of the youth express strong support for raising the MLA to 21, with over 80% in favor of such change, reflects a significant harmony among youth in favor of tobacco-free environment.

Fostering the social activity of future specialists in physical education and sports in a health-preserving environment

Aim: The aim of the study is to conduct an analysis of the current state of social activity fostering of future specialists in physical education and sports in a health-preserving environment with the possibility of using social networks by teachers during mixed and distance forms of education. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted during 2022–2023 of the Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Municipal Establishment ≪Kharkiv Humanitarian Pedagogical Academy≫ of Kharkiv Regional Council, Poltava State Medical University. There were 320 respondents involved in the experimental work majors 014 ≪Secondary Education (Physical Culture)≫, 017 ≪Physical Culture and Sports≫ and 227 ≪Therapy and Rehabilitation≫. Research methods: theoretical, empirical, methods of statistical data processing. Results: Education of students’ social activity is carried out not only during studies, but also in extracurricular, leisure activities. Educational hours, beauty and health festivals, flash mobs and social projects have been introduced by group advisors in higher education institutions: ≪My value orientations≫, ≪Olympic week≫, ≪I am for a healthy lifestyle≫, ≪Believe in yourself≫ festival, ≪Beauty and health≫, ≪Respect by action≫ training, holding student and student leagues ≪JuniorS Games≫ and others. Conclusions: With the help of Google Forms, we determined the motives and interests in various types of physical activity and sports, the attitude of student youth to the organization of the educational process on various online platforms using various social networks.

Atitude e componentes de capacitação de jovens rurais para práticas agrícolas sustentáveis: estudo de caso da província de Punjab, Paquistão

ABSTRACT: Inclusion of rural youth is of great importance to facilitate nutritional security and make the food chain more sustainable. A positive attitude is necessary for active participation in agricultural activities. This case study was an attempt to check the attitude of rural youth regarding sustainable farming and its contributing factors. The study was carried out in the Punjab province of Pakistan and a transverse research design was used for this quantitative study. An interview schedule was used for getting the face-to-face response of rural youth. To make the unknown population of rural youth in Punjab, the Fisher formula was used and a sample of 413 was selected from purposely selected three districts of Punjab. After recording data, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. Descriptive Statistics was used to explain the response of rural youth for the decision on the base of data. Only 53 young farmers said that they have never been part of the formal education system and maximum number of farmers was close to 24 years of age or more than that. Rural youth of Punjab is lacking in non-formal education for acquiring or maintaining their skills & interests. Unemployment and having limited farm income are the biggest challenges that rural youth is facing. Rural youth show a strong inclination towards opting for sustainable farming alongside the availability of a supportive network. Regarding to learning capacities rural youth is lacking related to knowledge, communication means, novel approaches and in promoting sustainable farming initiatives. To achieve the goal of sustainability in changing environment, rural youth must have access to continuous training, communication sources, membership, or association with organizations with novel ideas covering all the changes happening in the farming business.

African Indigenous Knowledge Systems: Assessing the Training of the Gusii Children During the Pre-Colonial Period

The main aim of this paper is to discuss the Gusii indigenous education system. Before the coming of Christian missionaries to Africa, Africans and indeed the Gusii people had their own education system. Each ethnic group had a different education which was different from each other based on the different environments. Each ethnic group taught its youth different knowledge, skills and attitudes according to their environment and their needs. This paper examines the organization of African indigenous education among the Gusii of Kenya, the teachers, methods of teaching, the curriculum and indeed a comparison of this kind of education to the formal education that was introduced by Christian missionaries in the second decade of the 19th century A.D.

A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude regarding Voluntary Blood Donation among College Going Male Students, a Quasi-experimental Study

Introduction: Voluntary blood donation in developing countries like India is constrained by misconception, fear, and widespread myths regarding blood donation.(1) Donated blood is an essential component in the management of many diseases. It is the main lifesaving for an individual with loss of large volumes of blood from accidents, hemorrhages or surgery.(2) Blood and its product demands is increasing, which can be ensured by increasing awareness and interest in blood donation in different groups of people. Youth is one of those groups. Misconception and low levels of awareness lead to unsatisfactory voluntary blood donation practices among them. The aim is to assess the knowledge and attitude of college students towards voluntary blood. Material and Methods: After prior permission from the College Authority, all the students who were present on the day of the study and who acknowledged their consent for participation were enrolled in the study. A pre-tested, semi-open-ended questionnaire was used as a study tool first as a pre-test to check their prior knowledge and attitude, followed by a health talk. Then, the same questionnaire was used to check their improvement of knowledge about blood donation. Results: As per the Wilcoxon rank test there is a significant improvement in the knowledge of study participants after health talk; out of a total 105 male students, 102 show positive rank (W+). Conclusion: Health education regarding voluntary blood donation is effective in improving the knowledge and attitude of youth. This will further improve the situation of voluntary blood donation by youth.

Evaluation on entrepreneurial intentions of Sri Lankan youth generation with special reference to Kurunegala district

Entrepreneurs are often referred to as "economic growth engines” as they can make a significant positive impact towards the social and economic development of a country. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the entrepreneurial intentions of Sri Lankan youth in the Kurunegala district. The United Nations defines youth as those aged 15 to 24, and the World Health Organization recognizes this age group as the youth population. This study used the assumptions of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model to address issues of entrepreneurial intentions. Social norms, entrepreneurial education, risk-taking proclivity, and attitude toward entrepreneurship were all independent variables. Entrepreneurial intention was the dependent variable. The population consisted of 384 Kurunegala district youth associated with the entrepreneurship discipline, and they were chosen as samples using purposive sampling techniques. A self-administered, closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data, which was then analyzed using SPSS across multiple regression tests. There was no evidence of multicollinearity or heteroscedasticity. As per the results, entrepreneurial education, and attitude towards entrepreneurship have positive and significant relationship towards entrepreneurial intention whereas only risk-taking propensity did not contribute significantly towards entrepreneurship intention. Therefore, this discovery significantly contributes to our understanding of the factors influencing young people's entrepreneurial intentions in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, given the importance of entrepreneurial education as demonstrated by this study, it is critical that the nation take the necessary steps to advance entrepreneurial education and it is suggested that the entrepreneurship curriculum for students and undergraduates place more emphasis on developing youth's entrepreneurial education and attitudes.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ ОБ АБОРТАХ

The article deals with the attitude of modern Russian youth to the problem of unwanted pregnancy, as well as to the possibility of its termination. The data of a study conducted among students and high school students in Ryazan are presented, recommendations for the prevention of abortions among this category of the population are proposed. The importance of studying this topic is currently determined by the number of abortions, the number of complications and maternal mortality, gynecological diseases, including infertility, and the deterioration of reproductive health of the population. It is known that abortions performed by girls at a young age have the most dangerous consequences, namely, young women terminate pregnancy in more than half of the cases. Abortion in our country remains the main means of eliminating unwanted pregnancies, despite the fact that demographic processes dictate the need to give birth to an increasing number of children. Abortions significantly affect the deterioration of the demographic situation in our country. The study of ideas about abortion in the minds of young people will allow for in-depth work on prevention, to make the necessary adjustments to the social policy of the state.

Informal downloading of copyrighted content in the perception of contemporary youth

The informal circulation of copyrighted content has been observed for a long time, but only the development of new technologies and widespread access to the Internet have contributed to the evolution of this phenomenon on a global scale. The aim of the research was to learn the opinions of contemporary youth regarding both the reasons for downloading copyrighted content and the extent of this phenomenon. The article presents the results of research on the attitude of contemporary youth towards issues related to the informal content sharing on the Internet, which is an integral part of young people’s online life and is rarely considered in terms of theft and law violation. The research results confirm that informal downloading of files and programmes, despite the fact that it is a very common phenomenon in our society, is not subject to clear assessments from social, economic, and even legal perspective. The article also draws attention to the inadequacy of the current copyright law to rapidly evolving digital technologies and changing ways of consuming cultural content.

A SCALE TO MEASURE ATTITUDE OF YOUTH TOWARDS AGRISTARTUP PROGRAMS

The Indian startup ecosystem has dynamically evolved over the last two decades. While some startups were founded in the 2000s, the ecosystem remained immature as only a few investors were active, and the number of support organizations such as incubators and accelerators was limited. Therefore, the study aims to develop and standardize a scale to measure youth attitudes toward startup programs. To understand the attitude of youth toward Agri-startup programs, a scale was developed to measure their perspective. In the initial stage, 27 statements reflecting the attitude of youth toward Agri-startup programs were collected from relevant literature and discussions with experts in agriculture and allied sectors. These collected statements were edited according to the criteria laid down by Edward (1957), resulting in 19 statements that were deemed unambiguous in reflecting the attitude of youth toward Agri-startup programs. Based on the median and Q values, 8 statements that best reflected the attitude of youth toward Agri-startup programs were finally selected to constitute the attitude scale. The test was found to be reliable (0.81) and valid.

Бикарьерная модель семьи как партнерский тип семейно-брачных отношений в контексте противоречивых материалистических и постматериалистических ценностных установок современной молодежи

Бикарьерная модель семьи как партнерский тип семейно-брачных отношений в контексте противоречивых материалистических и постматериалистических ценностных установок современной молодежи

Survey of Users Interest in Initiatives Related to the European Program Healthy Lifestyle 4 All

The European Commission Healthy Lifestyle 4 All (HL4A) program aims to link sports and active lifestyles with health, food, and other policies. Healthy Lifestyle 4 All demonstrates the EC's commitment to promoting healthy lifestyles among all generations and across different social groups. HL4A is guided by the position that everyone can benefit from activities that improve health and well-being. The present study presents the attitudes of youth, corporations, and start-up companies regarding their involvement in initiatives related to the three pillars of Healthy Lifestyle 4, namely: Improved awareness of healthy lifestyles among all generations. Easy access to sports, physical activity, and healthy eating. A comprehensive holistic approach linking food, health, well-being, and sport.

Ideas, Ideologies and Public Consent: Introducing the Issue

The concept of consent is essential for every society society, affecting almost all its spheres - from everyday life to socio-political bases. Therefore, it cannot be considered accidental that both the idea itself and the diverse directions of its interpretation, dating back to the era of early modernity, today constitute one of the most priorities, intellectually saturated segments in modern socio-political theory. It is impossible to deny the appeal of the doctrine of personal consent (and the parallel thesis that no government is legitimate unless it acts without the consent of the governed). It has had a great influence on the political institutions of many modern states and has been a major factor in the direction that political theory has taken since 1600. In the second half of the 20th century, two approaches prevailed in political theory, within the framework of which the process of formation of the consensus tradition: personal and historical ones. The most impact to the theory is made by criticism of the unilinear model of consent analysis in the works of George Klosko, analysis by R.D. Bernstein of the problem of consent in the form of critical remarks on the philosophical position of R. Rorty, the concept of socialist “consent strategy” developed in the 1980s by E. Laclau and Sh. Mouffe, the controversy of the Canadian political philosopher James Tully with neo-Marxist theorists, the philosophical interpretation of consent by Jürgen Habermas as part of his analysis of the “rationalization paradox” etc. This theoretical and methodological frame becomes a basis for the thematic volume, where the articles on the history of socio-political thought are followed by the chapter devoted to the problems of Russia between cleavages and social harmony. Russian problems are blended with an international context, and the issue ends with an attempt to understand the ideological attitudes of modern youth.

ЛІТЕРАТУРНА ПЕДАГОГІКА В СИСТЕМІ ОСВІТИ: ЗДОБУТКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ У ХХІ СТОЛІТТІ

In the conditions of reforming all levels of education in Ukraine in the XXI century, changes in the content, forms and methods of educational fields, in particular language and literature, the issue of developing literary culture and consciousness of students, aesthetic culture, developing the potential, critical thinking and communication skills of students of education is becoming relevant. The article updates the conceptual apparatus used in the description of literary pedagogy in the educational sphere, which requires clarification and specification of the main terms and categories of the researched issue. Attention is focused on such concepts, terms and categories as "literary pedagogy", "literary education", "reading", and "reading competence". It was determined that in domestic and foreign science, the concepts of "literary pedagogy" and "literary education" are not sufficiently developed and established, they need to be specified and detailed taking into account the signs and characteristics of the components of the term, in some sources they are identified with each other. The concept of reading literacy is considered in the context of such skills as perception, analysis, and evaluation of texts to expand knowledge and develop reading potential. The relevance of the study and implementation of literary pedagogy in the educational process of general secondary education institutions in the XXI century in the context of the problem of the attitude of modern children and youth to reading is substantiated. A brief review of the development of literary pedagogy in the historical context of the development of society is carried out. It was found that literary pedagogy is a system of methods, means and techniques of learning, education, development and formation of personality throughout life with the help of literature. The prospects for the development of literary pedagogy in the context of the introduction of its methods, techniques and tools into educational practices, the introduction of an interdisciplinary approach, the role of literary pedagogy in the development of critical thinking, ethical competence and the general culture of education seekers are outlined.

«One of the Opinions About Nekrasov's Poetry»: S.F. Platonov's Review

The biography and scientific work of the outstanding Russian historian S.F. Platonov continues to arouse the natural interest of modern researchers. But the years of his youth, the period when there was a process of folding ideological attitudes, professional preferences, youthful hobbies remain little developed. At the same time, the time, starting from the age of 13 and before entering the university, as it turns out, is filled with numerous poetic, prose, dramatic, even scientific experiments. They allow us to talk about great literary inclinations that found expression in specific works, some of them received high marks, but remain unknown. A critical review of an article dedicated to the work of N.A. Nekrasov is published, which traces the emerging mastery of writing such studies, the attitude of progressive youth to the work of the great poet of Russia. The appearance of the manuscript was the result of the acquaintance of the young reviewer with the published collection, where responses to the poet's death were collected, mainly published in provincial periodicals. This circumstance indicates the fact of S. Platonov's interest in the novelties of critical publications. He boldly, with patriotic fervor, defended the outstanding poet-democrat. He was deeply touched by the one-sided, and therefore unfair assessment of his work. Not always with the necessary skill, but argumentatively, the reviewer, drawing on his, as it seemed to him, irrefutable facts, rejects the unreasonable, as it seemed to him, assessment of the anonymous author. Already in this his fear of the reading public was manifested. It can be stated that the review, as the first experience of such creativity, turned out to be successful and well deserves the attention of specialists.

Особенности трудового поведения современной российской молодежи

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the of modern Russian youth labor behavior specifics, namely: focus on the meaning and content of professional activity; desire for self-realization; the growing demand for social guarantees of labor provided by law; the importance of the financial component; the importance of fair job evaluation; special requirements for the team, which should be based on a partnership type of relationship and be a set of friendly relations. Particular attention is paid to the difference between young people and the previous generation in the field of attitudes towards money. Young people tend to quickly spend what they earn on pleasure in its various manifestations, which is largely dictated by the trends of the consumer society, where public opinion has undergone a transformation, within which it has ceased to be condemned to want to be saturated with all possible goods, services and travel. A generalized description of such a phenomenon as instant culture, erasing and forming the traditional hierarchical boundaries of a professional career and forms the attitude “here and now, everything at once” is given. In this regard, young people are extremely unhappy when they do not see the quick results of their work. The essence and the reasons for the career trend “quiet quitting” when an employee is limited to performing only his direct duties stipulated by the employment contract, are revealed. The main content of the article presents the expertise affecting the relevant subject area, and the results of sociological surveys of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, as well as data from other studies. The article may be useful for employers, human resource managers, specialists in the research field on the attitude of modern youth to professional activities.

Media Contents and Youths’ Attitudes toward Nigeria’s Political Activities

Purpose: A politically engaged individual will pay close attention on various subjects related to public space or collective concerns, such as the environment, public policy, human rights, elections, and other relevant factors. Political apathy, on the other hand, refers to a general state of indifference towards the events and governance of one’s political locality. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between media contents and youths’ attitudes toward Nigeria’s political activities.
 Methodology: This study was anchored on Cognitive Mobilisation Theory. The study adopted the correlation survey research design. The study targeted Nigerian youths aged 18-35. Stratified and convenience sampling techniques were used in selecting the respondents. The study utilized a self-designed questionnaire called the Media Political Education Contents and Youths’ Attitudes, Questionnaire (MEYPQ). Copies of the questionnaire were electronically administered using (https://docs.google.com). The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to process the data, which was presented as frequency distributions for all items in charts and tables, the mean, and standard deviation.
 Findings: Findings from the study show that 435 (80.2%) of the respondents accessed political education contents on social media, 405 respondents (75%) accessed such content via digital media, 403 (74.5%) accessed through graphics/digital graphics, 74.14% (400) accessed via electronics/broadcast, and 62.64% (338) of the respondents have accessed or seen political education via print media. The attitude of Nigerian youths towards political activities is positive (Weighted Mean = 2.56; S.D = 0.87). An increase in media education contents will lead to an increase in attitudes of Nigerian youths towards political activities by 0.861.
 Recommendations: The study recommends that political stakeholders should use the opportunities presented by the media to change the apathetic and hostile attitudes of youths towards political actors and activities into trust, acceptance, cooperation and support.