Attitudes Of Players Research Articles

Challenges Faced By the Indian Transportation Sector in Implementing New Age Technologies

This research paper in its entirety tries to articulate the various types of challenges faced by the Indian Transportation Sector in implementing new age technologies for better control and visibility throughout the entire Supply Chain. It mostly focuses on the road and rail mode of transportation, though briefly it also touch-bases upon the water and air modes. Indian railways and roads position themselves as the third and second largest network respectively worldwide. In addition to a set of questionnaires circulated among individuals working in the logistics domain to capture their point of view, a thorough literature review of the previous works in this field was done to identify the causes – both external and internal to an organization, which affects implementation of digital solutions to present transportation problems. In this paper, we discuss along with others, two of the greatest challenges posed to the digital transformation – firstly, adamant attitude of traditional players operating in this space, who have for long, functioned through traditional processes and legacy systems and secondly, the complexity of the road and rail network running through the length and breadth of the country. Though the average time taken by enterprises to digitize their transportation business has reduced tremendously due to need of remote operations in these unprecedented times during COVID-19, but still there exist some of the challenges which need to be addressed. Some of the major drivers of identifying these challenges are the need to - reduce lead times by setting up a platform/control tower which can automate the management of transportation with minimized touch points between organizations and their customers, need to reduce risk of manipulated data by minimizing human intervention and need to increase customer satisfaction by incorporating functionalities like real-time tracking, automated exception handling and other. The challenges which were identified in this study can be further analysed to improve on it and conceptualize a framework for transforming Indian logistics (majorly the transportation space). This paper is written from the point of view of current scenario of Indian transportation industry.

A STUDY ON THE COMPARISON OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS COMPETITION OF FEMALE FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN NATIONAL AND JUNIOR NATIONAL LEVEL IN SRI LANKA

Attitudes are the mental dispositions people have towards others and the current circumstances before making decisions that result in behavior Attitudes influence an individual’s choice of action, and responses to challenges, incentives and rewards. Football is a world popular sport which needs more physical and mental fitness. Football even in those instances it truly is mind over body. Now a days in Sri Lankan sport field the female participation for the football matches have developed. So the main objective of this study is to comparison of attitudes towards the competition of female football players in National and Junior National level in Sri Lanka while the specific objectives are to evaluate the attitude of football players’ entirety of the force, meaning for the competition, assessment of strength of the opponents, guidance for the opinions of others, in National level female football players and o evaluate the attitude of football players’ entirety of the force, meaning for the competition, assessment of strength of the opponents, guidance for the opinions of others, in Junior National level female football players. National and junior national female football players in Sri Lanka will be selected as the study population. From that population, 180 of players selected as Ninety national players and Ninety school football players will be selected from every provinces as a sample. Cluster sampling method will be used to select the sample from the Sri Lankan female football players. ANOVA, t test and Levene’s test were used as analysis tool of the study. According the results there was statistically significance difference towards attitudes of assessment of strength of the opponents in national level football players among provinces. And also there was statistically significance difference towards attitudes of guidance for the opinions of others in national level football players among provinces. And also there were statistically significance difference towards attitudes of assessment of strength of the opponents in junior national level football players among provinces. Although there was no any significance mean difference attitudes towards the competition of female football players in National and Junior National level, in the attitudes of entirety of the force and assessment of strength of the opponents had significance difference of variance among two level s in the case of these two attitudes. KEY WORDS: Attitude towards Competition, Female Football Players, National level, Junior National Level

Different performance, full experience: a learning game applied throughout adulthood

Gaming may not primarily be associated with the elderly part of the population, but senior gamers represent a growing proportion. Evaluating the applicability of educational games across the lifespan is therefore crucial to better understand potential requirements in different domains and age groups. The current study applied a math learning game to participants from 19 to 79 years of age. We examined age-related differences along three domains: cognition, as measured by in-game performance, basic player experience with the game, and general player attitudes towards technology. Analyses of performance metrics related to speed clearly reflected an age-related decline, well in line with known effects from cognitive ageing. In contrast, error-metrics were associated with educational background. At the player experience level, however, we found no differences across the lifespan. All participants rated the game equally (positive). Furthermore, our results showed that attitudes towards technology only differed occasionally, for instance, senior participants seemed to be more technologically interested. Taken together, scoring systems as well as other in-game metrics based on performance, especially related to speed, should be adapted appropriately to player’s age. Finally, elderly players’ experience with the game and overall attitudes towards technology appeared comparable to other younger age groups.

The efficiency of Nash equilibria in the load balancing game with a randomizing scheduler

We study the efficiency of Nash equilibria for the load balancing game with a randomizing scheduler. In the game, we are given a set of facilities and a set of players along with a scheduler, where each facility is associated with a linear cost function, and the players are randomly ordered by the scheduler. Each player chooses exactly one of these facilities to fulfill his task, which incurs to him a cost depending on not only the cost function of the facility he chooses and the players who choose the same facility (as in a usual load balancing game), but also his uncertain position in the uniform random ordering. From an individual perspective, each player tries to choose a facility for optimizing his own objective that is determined by a certain decision-making principle. From a system perspective, it is desirable to minimize the maximum cost among all players, which is a commonly used criterion for load balancing. We estimate the price of anarchy and price of stability for this class of load balancing games under uncertainty, provided all players follow one of the four decision-making principles, namely the bottom-out, win-or-go-home, minimum-expected-cost, and minimax-regret principles. Our results show that the efficiency loss of Nash equilibria in these decentralized environments heavily rely on player's attitude toward the uncertainty.

High School Basketball Coach And Player Perspectives About Warm Up Routines And Lower Extremity Injuries

PURPOSE: To understand high school basketball coach and player routines, knowledge and attitudes relating to warm-ups and lower-extremity injuries (LEIs). METHODS: A prospective qualitative study using data from semi-structured interviews with high school basketball coaches and players conducted from May-October 2019, then thematically analyzed by multiple coders employing team coding. RESULTS: We interviewed n=12 coaches (9 male; 3 female) and n=30 players (11 male; 19 female). Current warm-up. Coaches and players report regular engagement in warm-up routines, but the types of exercises, time dedicated (range: 5-45 minutes) and exercise order varied. Coaches often rely on players to co-lead warm-up exercises. Knowledge and beliefs re: LEI prevention research. Most coaches and players believe that regularly engaging in a warm-up routine is effective at preventing injury (“⋯warming up is absolutely important. There’s no disputing.”), but lack thorough knowledge of the current evidence (“I have a general interest in sports and fitness⋯[but] I can’t give you any specific⋯sources.”). Barriers. Warm-up routines suffer at games due to limited time and space (“Game-[time] is the worst time.”). Some players and coaches perceive youth as impervious to injury and minimize warm-up (“I remember being 16 and 17⋯[you get] out of bed and [you] just run two miles and you’re fine.”). Coaches face multiple demands during practice, which can impede their focus on a warm-up routine (“⋯as a coach, [warm-up] is hard⋯you don’t have a lot of time⋯You want to get right to the point [of practice].”). Coaches also expressed concern that they lack adequate knowledge to select the best exercises and skills to teach their players how to perform them correctly (“⋯what stretches are out there. I don’t think I know all of them.”). Enablers. Players’ past injury experience was a key motivator for warming-up (“I'd just put on my shoes and I'd start playing⋯[until I hurt]⋯My knee.”). Coach encouragement was also a motivator for players. CONCLUSION: Regular involvement in basketball warm-up routines was common among high school teams, but the methods and time dedicated to these practices varied. Players and coaches are eager for more information on warm-ups shown to reduce LEIs, as well as targeted strategies to effectively implement these routines.

Play With One’s Feelings: A Study on Emotion Awareness for Player Experience

Affective interaction between players of video games can elicit rich and varying patterns of emotions. In multiplayer activities that take place in a common space (such as sports and board games), players are generally aware of the emotions of their teammates or opponents as they can directly observe their behavioral patterns, facial expressions, head pose, body stance, and so on. Players of online video games, however, are not generally aware of the other players’ emotions given the limited channels of direct interaction among them (e.g., via emojis or chat boxes). It also turns out that the impact of real-time emotion-awareness on play is still unexplored in the space of online digital games. Motivated by this lack of empirical knowledge on the role of the affect of others to one’s gameplay performance, in this article, we investigate the degrees to which the expression of manifested emotions of an opponent can affect the emotions of the player and consequently his gameplay behavior. In this initial study, we test our hypothesis on a two-player adversarial car racing game. We perform a comprehensive user study to evaluate the emotions, behaviors, and attitudes of players in emotion aware versus emotion agnostic game versions. Our findings suggest that expressing the emotional state of the opponent through an emoji in real-time affects the emotional state and behavior of players that can consequently affect their playing experience.

Mobile Game Adoption Model: Integrating Technology Acceptance Model and Game Features

This study aims to analyze the factors in mobile game adoption that are influenced by game features and technology acceptance models.Partial least square is used to analyze the relationship between game features, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and intention to play mobile games. This study uses a sample of 408 respondents who have played mobile games in the past month. The results showed that game features are a determinant of intention to play mobile games. Game features also affect players' intentions and attitudes to play mobile games if the game features are easy to play and useful when played. Increasing mobile adoption requires features that are easy to play and useful if played. It will affect the player's attitude and intention to play. Game developers, game designers and game companies must create game features that create a pleasant experience for players.This study bridges the gap in the literature on mobile game adoption by explaining the relationship between game features and technology adoption.

¿Influyen las partidas jugadas en la efectividad de los advergames? El papel de la familiaridad con la marca

In the last few years, advergames have become an innovative tool through which advertisers are sending their advertising messages to their target audiences. Some of the most recent advergames usually take the form of a gaming app, so that consumers can play them through their mobile devices (smartphones and tablets) as many times as they want. However, the effect of repeated exposure to the advergame on its effectiveness has received limited attention in previous advergaming literature. In order to fill this gap, the purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of advergame repetition on its effectiveness, measured as players’ brand attitude and purchase intentions. In addition, this study is aimed at investigating the role played by players’ familiarity with the brand promoted in the advergame on this relationship. Based on a sample of 234 Irish participants who played an advergame from the well-known snack food brand Oreo, findings show that both brand attitude and purchase intentions of players with less brand familiarity have a curvilinear relationship with game repetition. On the contrary, players who are more familiar with the brand promoted in the advergame show a linear relationship among game repetition and players’ brand attitude and purchase intentions.

In-Game Instructions: The Extent of Their Usefulness in Enhancing the Vocabulary Acquisition of ESL Learners

The contributions of video games to learning, including vocabulary acquisition, have been acknowledged over the past few decades. In-game instructions may account for the majority of such contributions. This study checks whether such instructions can pique the curiosity of participants and subsequently enhance their vocabulary acquisition. Ten 11 to 12-year-old pupils were recruited for a month-long video game experiment. Three instruments, including vocabulary tests, interview questions and observation checklists, were employed. The qualitative data were analysed to determine the key aspects of in-game instructions and how they enhance the vocabulary acquisition of these pupils. Findings show that not all participants have gained additional vocabulary from in-game instructions. Whilst all participants were interested in playing the video game, only four of them showed curiosity towards the in-game instructions. Therefore, the usefulness of in-game instructions fundamentally depends on the attitudes of players towards the game, the suitability of the language level being used in the game and the players’ demand for such instructions.

Interacting with brands through advergames

Advergames represent an increasingly popular advertising channel, but the way in which their design influences players’ attitudes and behaviour is still debated. This study proposes several models explaining the advantages and challenges of using advergames for promoting corporate, product or service brands. To explore the design elements that influence the perceptions and attitudes of players, we apply a testing procedure, asking ten subjects to play a series of three games released by Unilever, on the theme of Magnum Pleasure Hunt, and then to evaluate the effectiveness of games’ design using two sets of criteria. The results indicate that the design elements of these games are well realized, but the interaction between these elements and game players is often unsatisfactory. Our findings identify also an interdependence effect, as successive game versions are compared and judged in relation to previous versions, leading to customer bias towards the games’ attractiveness and novelty.

The price of anarchy of affine congestion games with similar strategies

Affine congestion games are a well-studied model for selfish behavior in distributed systems, such as transportation and communication networks. Seminal influential papers in Algorithmic Game Theory have bounded the worst-case inefficiency of Nash equilibria, termed as price of anarchy, in several variants of these games. In this work, we investigate to what extent these bounds depend on the similarities among the players' strategies. Our notion of similarity is modeled by assuming that, given a parameter θ≥1, the costs of any two strategies available to a same player, when evaluated in absence of congestion, are within a factor θ one from the other. It turns out that, for the non-atomic case, better bounds can always be obtained for any finite value of θ. For the atomic case, instead, θ<3/2 and θ<2 are necessary and sufficient conditions to obtain better bounds in games played on general graph topologies and on parallel link graphs, respectively. It is worth noticing that small values of θ model the behavioral attitude of players who are partially oblivious to congestion and are not willing to significantly deviate from what is their best strategy in absence of congestion.

Australian Rugby League player understanding, attitudes and perceptions of concussion at different professional levels

Australian Rugby League player understanding, attitudes and perceptions of concussion at different professional levels

Checkmate of Leisure! Virtual Communities Regarding Chess

The aim of this study is generally to understand the behavior, culture and attitudes of chess players with a netnographic approach. In order to have knowledge about chess players in a virtual community, netnography was used for data analysis and interpretation. In this regard, two forums and two Facebook groups on the internet related to chess are included for research. In the selection of virtual communities, the criteria for having the most members and comments are taken into account. As a result of examining the four chess virtual communities, the shares made are grouped under four main and eight subcategories. The four main categories are "Critical Paradigm", "Hedonism", "Serious Leisure Based Chess" and "Information Transfer and Publicity", and the eight subcategories are "Tournament and Championship", "Interaction", "Reward System", "Management", "Culture- and Art- Based Chess", "Events", " Practice and Implementation " and "Leisure Transformation". Finally, each emerging main category is divided into two subcategories. Each main and subcategory provides a general overview of the culture, behavior and attitudes of chess players. Thanks to the sharing, individuals are able to exchange ideas with each other in chess-related matters. They also help each other about to contribute chess, sharing perceived shortcomings and making suggestions on a variety of topics. In addition, the most important benefit they can make is that individuals can improve themselves in chess and carry on to higher levels.

Coaching behaviours and learning resources; influence on rugby players’ attitudes towards injury prevention and performance in the tackle

ABSTRACTPurpose: To determine how players’ attitudes towards injury prevention and performance in the tackle can be influenced by coaching and learning resources.Methods: A questionnaire assessed (i) the attitudes of rugby players (N=164) towards injury prevention and performance, and (ii) reported tackle coaching behaviours and learning resources.Results: Time spent emphasising proper technique to prevent injuries was associated with how important players rated injury prevention χ2=(df 16, N=159) 29.13, p=0.023, Cramer’s V=0.21, moderate). Identifying a problem and providing verbal instruction and demonstration were associated with performance, while verbal instruction was associated with how important players rated injury prevention during tackle training (individual χ2=(df 16, N=156) 30.41, p=0.016, Cramer’s V=0.22, moderate; team χ2=(df 16, N=156) 34.05, p=0.005, Cramer’s V=0.23, moderate).Conclusion: The time coaches spent emphasising proper technique for injury prevention and performance was positively associated with how important players rated the tackle training objective. Verbal instruction was the only coaching method associated with how important players rated injury prevention. Training books, training videos and coaching clinics have the most influence on players’ attitude towards injury prevention and performance in the tackle. Coaches and rugby injury prevention programmes can apply these findings to optimise safe and effective tackle training.

Implementation of the Adductor Strengthening Programme: Players primed for adoption but reluctant to maintain - A cross-sectional study.

Groin injuries represent a considerable problem in male football, accounting for 4%‐19% of all time‐loss injuries. The Adductor Strengthening Programme is the first groin‐specific prevention program shown to reduce the risk of groin problems. We aimed to use the RE‐AIM framework to examine the players’ experiences with the implementation of the program and player attitude toward groin injury prevention in football. Of the 632 players involved in the trial examining the effect of the Adductor Strengthening Programme, 501 agreed to participate in a survey at the end of the season. Most players thought that footballers are at moderate to high risk for groin injuries (87%) and that there is a need for preventive measures (96%). They also believed that a preventive program with strengthening exercises would reduce the risk of groin injuries (91%). Majority of the players reported using <5 minutes to complete the program (73%), and only 11% wanted additional exercises. However, only 46% reported to have performed the program as recommended, and an even smaller proportion (31%) planned to continue using it as recommended the next season. Our results suggest that footballers believe that prevention of groin injuries is needed. Attitude toward implementation of the Adductor Strengthening Programme was positive, and the single‐exercise approach was considered an important facilitator. However, in future dissemination of the program, the players’ reluctance to maintain the exercise protocol may be a potential barrier to implementation that should be addressed.

Analysing mobile advergaming effectiveness: the role of flow, game repetition and brand familiarity

PurposeThis paper aims to explain the effect of flow, game repetition and brand familiarity on players’ brand attitude and purchase intention in the context of mobile advergaming.Design/methodology/approachData from 227 participants who played a mobile advergame were analysed. Structural equation modelling with partial least squares was used to test the research model.FindingsThe results reveal that the independent variables (i.e. game repetition and brand familiarity) significantly influence the dependent variables explored in this study (i.e. brand attitude and purchase intentions of players). Results also show that brand familiarity influences players’ flow experience, which in turn significantly affects players’ purchase intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this study are important for advertising practitioners and advergames’ developers as understanding the determinants of mobile advergaming effectiveness is crucial for designing successful advergames that persuade players the most.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it provides new insights into the effectiveness of mobile advergames, which is an under-researched area. Second, it offers empirical evidence of the effects of game repetition, flow and brand familiarity on mobile advergaming effectiveness.

Meet the Associate Editors: Stephen Holman

Meet the Associate Editors: Stephen Holman

How does professional football status challenge African players’ behaviour?

ABSTRACTFootball has become a lucrative business with its global viewership attracting many African players to move to leagues abroad. This paper explores the sociological approaches of Weber and Granovetter to understand the behaviour change in attitudes of African players after achieving professional football status abroad. It does so by analysing ‘before and after’ migration to Europe which is often ascribed to professional players’ social upward mobility. The paper employs a qualitative approach with structured interviews and autobiographies of some players. The literature draws from social behaviour change and football migration and mobility concepts. Findings indicate that football has a way of changing African players’ behaviour and makes others become a ‘different human being’. However, their behaviours should rather translate into doing good things for society than assuming noxious stimuli.

Game Perspective-Taking Effects on Players' Behavioral Intention, Attitudes, Subjective Norms, and Self-Efficacy to Help Immigrants: The Case of “Papers, Please”

This study expands on game character perspective-taking effects on political opinions while controlling for players' social dominance orientation or inclination for inequality among social groups. Random assignment to play a game as an immigration inspector decreased intention, subjective norms, and self-efficacy to help immigrants relative to baseline scores. The scores of participants randomly assigned to play a game similar in style but instead featuring the role of a newspaper editor remained unchanged. Within-subjects effects implied that baseline reductions in intention, subjective norms, and self-efficacy to help immigrants were solely attributed to playing games as game immigration inspectors. The study provides initial evidence that taking on the perspective of game characters can influence players' opinions about political issues, such as immigration.

Fans’ awareness of Korean citizenship acquisition and the selection of the athletes as members of Korean national team

Purpose This study aims to explore the association between the awareness of naturalized players and the awareness of recruiting naturalized players for national players among sport fans. Methods Survey was conducted among 1,050 fans in professional sport, amateur sport, sport cafes at portal website among which 928 papers were used for final analysis. Collected data was processed by using SPSS 21.0 program. T-test, one-way ANOVA, correction analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to test hypothesis. Results Gender, age, household, and field income showed significant differences in the awareness of achievement among the awareness of naturalized players by fans. Age, school, and field revealed significant differences in the awareness of attitude. Age, school, household income, and field showed remarkable differences in the awareness of field and age and household income showed critical differences in the ascription awareness. Negative awareness showed that gender, age, school, and income were significantly different and the tolerable awareness showed that age, school, household income, and field revealed significantly different among the awareness of recruiting naturalized players for national players. Achievement, attitude, and ascription factors had positive impacts, while field factors had negative impacts in terms of the influence on negative awareness among the awareness recruiting foreign players for national players. In terms of the influence on the tolerable awareness, achievement, attitude, and field affected positively. Conclusions This study demonstrated that fans need to be aware of trust and assurance on achievement, attitude, and field factors of players to induce the recruitment of naturalized players for national players in a tolerable way.