Attitude Subscales Research Articles

Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Implementation of Evidence- based Practice in Medina, Saudi Arabia

Background: The EBP is an essential competency that all healthcare professionals, including nursing staff, should master. The importance of EBP lies in that it facilitates the delivery of effective, efficient, and safe patient care. Thus, examining the use of EBP among nurses in Madinah's hospitals is essential. Aim: The aim of the study is to identify the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses regarding evidence-based practice, and the relationship between the subscales. Methods: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design with a self-administered survey. Results: In this study, the nurses had positive views regarding EBP. Specifically, the knowledge/skills subscale had the highest score followed by the practice subscale and then the attitude subscale. There was a significant difference between nurses' work experiences and knowledge/and skills. There was a significant positive relationship between EBP subscales. Conclusion: The hospitals in Medina need to improve their infrastructure in order to support evidence- based practice (EBP) and research.

Attitudes and Willingness of Patients Toward Organ Donation and Distrust in the Health Care System: Insights from Turkish Family Physicians

ObjectivesOrgan transplant recipients express trust in their physicians with the phrase, "I entrust my life first to Allah and then to you." However, trust is not reflected in organ donor rates in Türkiye despite the rising incidence of end-stage organ failures.The aim of this study was to map individuals' attitudes, willingness, and behaviour towards organ donation, relationships with distrust in the health care system, religious aspects, and demographic variables. Material and MethodsIn a descriptive cross-sectional approach, a face-to-face questionnaire was issued to randomly selected 557 patients in family medicine clinics of two tertiary hospitals in Istanbul city. Positive and negative attitudes subscales of the organ donation attitude scale and distrust in the health care system scale were used. ResultsThe organ donation rate was 12.4%, and 37.9% of participants were willing to donate. A higher education level revealed higher rates of willingness but did not supply a higher donation rate (p=0.001, p=0.048).The liver was the organ with the most potential to donate (90.3%).The average positive and negative attitude scores towards organ donation were 48.10 ± 21.41and 72.11 ± 26.47, highlighting negative tendency. The rate of refusals donated for religious reasons was 30.1%. It was observed that individuals who religiously refused organ donation were less willing to donate and showed higher distrust in the healthcare system (p<0.001; p<0.001),but they exhibited more positive and less negative donation attitude scores versus others (p<0.001; p<0.001). Approximately half of the participants reported awareness of organ donation law and brain death principles supporting a significantly higher donation rate(p<0.001; p<0.001). ConclusionsOur findings highlight a crucial mismatch between willingness, attitudes, distrust, religious aspects, and actual behaviour regarding organ donation. Strategically, educational materials and interventions on relevant laws, brain death principles, and reasons for becoming donors may be more effective than focusing solely on increasing donation rates.

Role of sociodemographic characteristics on self-stigma among young MSM living with HIV in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study.

Our study aimed to determine the role of sociodemographic characteristics on self-stigma among young men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from August-November 2022. Participants were recruited from outpatient clinics at Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Indonesian version of the Berger HIV Stigma Scale measured self-stigma. The statistical analysis utilized a 95% confidence level and determined significance by p-values <0.05. 72 young MSM were enrolled and completed questionnaires assessing sociodemographic and self-stigma. The average self-stigma score was 98.97. Education level was significantly associated with severe self-stigma in the bivariate analysis (p < .05). In the multivariate analysis, those with higher levels of education were significantly more likely to experience severe self-stigma (r = 2.938, p < .05). Employment status, family support, and education level were significantly associated with increased concerns in the disclosure, negative self-image, and public attitudes subscales (all p < .05). The results demonstrate associations between sociodemographic and self-stigma levels among young MSM living with HIV in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Further research regarding the educational level, employment status, and family support that can influence the perception and quality of life of PLHIV may need to be carried out.

Investigating the Role of Virtual Reality to Support Community Engagement

Virtual Reality (VR) interfaces are known to provide users with immersive experiences to support tasks such as training or developing an understanding of topics in various domains. However, research relating to using VR to learn about unfamiliar settings and supporting attitudes towards these settings, particularly through lower-cost VR technology is limited in nature. In this article, we describe an exploratory study to investigate low-cost VR technology use on attitudes toward community engagement activities. We selected the issue of homelessness, due to the prevalence of this issue in the city where the study took place. We focused on the experiences of conducting community engagement activities as part of the study. Ten participants experienced becoming homeless through an immersive VR application. In order to investigate the impact on attitudes, a community engagement instrument along with perspective-taking subscale were presented to participants prior to and after the VR experience. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in both the attitude and behavior subscales, suggesting a positive change in intention to participate in their community and to make a difference based upon the VR experience. Implications from the work relate to the design of a procedure which can be used by educators and researchers alike, to determine the attitudinal impacts of VR environments, along with providing awareness of the benefits and practicalities of utilizing low-cost VR technologies within a classroom environment.

Diabetes knowledge, attitudes and practices among Chinese primary care physicians: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health crisis that requires adequate knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) by health care providers to prevent or delay the progression of the disease. This study aimed to assess the KAP regarding T2DM among primary care providers (PCPs) in Central China.MethodsThis multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 971 PCPs using self-employed KAP questionnaires. Questionnaires were designed to evaluate KAP regarding T2DM among PCPs, and was measured with SPSS software. Descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression models used to analyze the data.70%, 80% and 70% of total values were considered as the cut-off point for defining good knowledge, positive attitude and correct practice.ResultsA total of 971 PCPs with a mean age of 44.0 ± 10.2 years were evaluated. 620 (63.9%) PCPs worked at village clinic and 605 (62.3%) PCPs have been working more than 20 years. Only 26.3% of the respondents participated in Continued Medical Education (CME) programs regarding diabetes in the past year due to Covid-19 pandemic. Overall, despite positive attitudes toward diabetes, there were substantial gaps in knowledge and practices. The PCPs scored 7.25 out of 14 points on the knowledge subscales, 7.13 out of 8 on the attitude subscales, and 4.85 out of 11 on the practice subscales. Gender, age, practice setting, professional titles, duration of practice and CME attendance were significant predictors of knowledge; Age, practice setting and duration of practice were significant predictors of attitudes; and family history of diabetes affected PCP practices.ConclusionsDespite positive attitudes toward diabetes, there were substantial gaps in knowledge and practices. These findings call for action from relevant health authorities and policy makers to improve PCPs’ KAP regarding diabetes in Central China.

Development and validation of the Women’s Self-care Knowledge and Attitude Questionnaire (WSKAQ)

BackgroundMenopausal women should learn self-care practices to enjoy a healthy lifestyle, positive health behaviors, and health status. In addition, the lack of self-care knowledge can lead to unhealthy attitudes and lifestyles, resulting in many complications. Improved self-care knowledge can foster positive attitudes, leading to healthier lifestyles as a beneficial cycle. However, menopausal women have limited knowledge about self-care and evaluation tools. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and investigate the validity and reliability of the Women’s Self-care Knowledge and Attitude Questionnaire (WSKAQ) in Iranian menopausal women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 249 menopausal women, aged between 45 and 65 years and at least one year post-menopause, with a minimum literacy level of elementary education. Validation properties included construct validity, exploratory (EFA), and discriminant validity. Reliability was further established through Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s Omega. PASS 15 and SPSS 27 software were used to select centers, calculate sample size and analyze the data, respectively.ResultsThe initial stage of construct validity involved the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and EFA, resulting in a 6-item self-care knowledge subscale, 47.29% of the total data variance, and 7-item self-care attitude subscale, 55.50% of the total data variance. Independent t-test indicated that menopausal women with education level equal to or higher than diploma have significantly higher self-care attitude scores than those with lower than diploma (p = 0.007). Additionally, significant correlations were observed between self-care knowledge and attitude (r:0.30). Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s Omega coefficients of the 13-item WSKAQ were 0.77 and 0.78, respectively.ConclusionsBased on the results, the WSKAQ, consisting of 13 items, was validated and reliable for assessing the self-care knowledge and attitude of Iranian menopausal women.

Mental health literacy, attitude, and help seeking intention among a particularly vulnerable tribe

BackgroundMental health, when compared to physical health and wellbeing, is the most neglected area. The health status of the tribal population is in pitiable condition and is heavily influenced by its socio-cultural factors and poor health care delivery system. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, mental help seeking intention for common mental health problems and factors associated with the study variables among the tribal population. Methodology: House-to-house survey was done between January to April 2022. Data was collected using standardized tools like Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ), Community Attitude towards Mentally Ill scale (CAMIS), and Mental Help Seeking Intention scale (MHSIS). ResultsOnly six participants out of 400 reported that they are aware of someone in their community suffering from mental health problems. The majority (80 %) of the participants had fairly good knowledge regarding mental health, and 68 % of them had a favorable attitude towards mentally ill. It was also found that 79.2 % of the participants hold favorable attitude with an OR = 1.40 (0.50,3.90) suggesting that there is a statistically difference in the odds of favorable attitude being present among illiterate people (p = 0.003). When comparing the odds ratio between the groups, keeping females as reference for comparison, it is evident that males OR = 0.44 (0.21,0.94) are less likely to have good knowledge. Moderately strong (statistically significant at p = .05) relationship was seen between the subscales of attitude towards mentally ill and knowledge regarding mental health among the Koraga population. ConclusionIt has been found that awareness regarding common mental disorders is increasing among the tribals, but it is not accompanied by a favorable attitude. The study concluded that interventional research is needed to reduce the stigma and the treatment gap in mental illness.

Relationship Between the Atmosphere of Psychiatric Wards and the Motivation, Attitude, and Perception of Patients Hospitalized in Shiraz and Bushehr University Hospitals-2019

Background: Treatment of psychiatric patients is a challenging issue that requires special attention due to their unique nature and conditions. Identifying the factors that influence treatment acceptance among these patients can aid in disease management and health promotion. The environment in which individuals reside can significantly impact their behaviors. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the correlation between ward atmosphere and the motivation, perception, and attitude of patients towards continuing the treatment process in psychiatric wards of certain university hospitals in Shiraz and Bushehr in 2019. Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 299 patients admitted to the psychiatric wards of hospitals in Bushehr and Shiraz, Iran. A convenience sampling method was employed. Data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form, a short-form psychiatric ward questionnaire, and patient attitude, motivation, and treatment perception questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 with Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and linear regression. The significance level was set at less than 0.05 in all cases. Results: The mean score of ward atmosphere was lower than average (18.37 ± 2.99) from the patients' point of view. Among the subscales of ward atmosphere, the "support" subscale correlated with patients' attitudes towards continuing the treatment process (P = 0.042). Patients exhibited a more positive attitude towards treatment at higher levels of support. Two subscales, "support" (P = 0.048) and "programme clarity" (P &lt; 0.001), correlated with patients' perceptions of the treatment continuation. In other words, patients' perception of the treatment process was higher at elevated levels of these two subscales. None of the ward atmosphere subscales correlated with the patient's motivation to continue the treatment process from the patient's point of view. Conclusions: Given the correlation between certain subscales of ward atmosphere and patients' attitudes and perceptions about continuing the treatment process, it is recommended to design programs to optimize the ward atmosphere. This could improve patients' attitudes and perceptions regarding continuing their treatment. Additionally, it is suggested to study other factors affecting treatment in psychiatric patients.

Development and Validation of a Micronutrients Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Questionnaire for Adolescents Using Psychometric Analysis.

Introduction The development of a questionnaire that measures knowledge, attitude, and practices towards micronutrients will help to develop nutrition intervention programs. The present study aimed to develop and assess the validity and reliability of a questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) on micronutrients in adolescents in India. Methods A total of 150 adolescent girls participated in the study. The literature was reviewed to formulate an initial draft of a questionnaire (122 items). Face and content validity were measured by participants and subject experts, respectively, and the content validity index was calculated. Construct validity was assessed using the principal component method of exploratory factor analysis.Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were determined by Cronbach's α value and interclass correlation coefficient correlations, respectively. Results The content validity index for all items except eight items from thepractice subscalewas satisfactory. Face validity results showed that participants understood all items. Exploratory factor analysis suggested a four-factor construct (perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived benefits, readiness to change, and perceived barrier) in the attitude subscale. Internal consistency for knowledge, attitude, and practice items were 0.980, 0.840, and 0.930, respectively. For knowledge and attitude items, interclass correlation coefficient correlation estimates ranged between 0.705 to 0.987 and 0.775 to 0.997, respectively, whereas for practice items, it ranged from 0.701 to 0.945. In the final questionnaire, 134 items consisting of 33 knowledge, 21 attitudes, and 80 practices (55 dietary practices and 25 other practices related to micronutrients) were included. Conclusion The results provided evidence of the validity and reliability of the questionnaire on micronutrients and that can be used to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices on micronutrients in adolescents.Further studies in different diverse settings are recommended.

Attitudes towards patient safety culture among pediatric nurses at government tertiary hospital in Vietnam

Pediatric patients are vulnerable to medication errors. Nurses have essential roles in patient safety and their quality of care. Therefore, nurses' attitudes regarding safety culture help nurses gain a profound insight into patient safety problems as well as potential solutions to cope with them. Motivating nursing professionals to understand safety culture and how they act about patient safety is one of the first steps to improving patient safety in healthcare institutions. This study aims to investigate attitudes towards patient safety culture among pediatric nurses and related factors. A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was used with a sample size of 105 pediatric nurses at a selected government hospital in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Nurses’ attitudes towards patient safety culture were examined using a 4-likert questionnaire including 30 items divided into six subscales. Data analysis was performed in SPSS Version 26.0 using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The study findings showed that the overall mean score of attitude towards patient safety culture was 3.30 (SD = 0.45). Among subscales of attitudes, teamwork climate had the lowest mean scores. There were statistically significant associations between the level of education, experience, and nurses’ attitudes. According to the results, nurses’ attitudes regarding patient safety culture were good. However, there were some aspects that should be enhanced. It is strongly recommended that specific training interventions be performed to enhance the teamwork climate in the hospital.

Consumption status of functional drinks based on the theory of planned behavior and the stages of change model in female employees

This study aimed to determine the consumption status of functional drinks based on the theory of planned behavior and the Stages of Change Model. This study was conducted on 536 female employees of Birjand offices in 2022. The data was collected by using the functional food questionnaire and was analyzed using SPSS with significance level of P < 0.05. The largest number of people consume probiotic drinks (buttermilk, kefir, etc.) were in the maintenance stages (31.2%) and who consume milk fortified with vitamin D were in the contemplation stage (37.3%). The mean score of the participants in the subscales of attitude, behavioral control, and subjective norm was 17.69 ± 3.05, 16.83 ± 2.88, 21.73 ± 4.33, respectively. The mean score of the attitude and subjective norm regarding the consumption of all drinks had a significant relation with the stages of change model (p < 0.05). The results of this study showed that the most drinks that female employees consumed regularly were probiotic drinks, while they did not intend to use functional juices (pre-contemplation stage). Therefore, it seems that this theory can be used as a framework in designing educational programs in order to increase the consumption of functional foods and improve women's health.

Nurses’ Perception on Evidence Based Practice in Tertiary Hospital of Nepal: A Quantitative Cross-sectional Study

Background: The evidence-based practice movement has spread globally, prompting calls for evidence-based policymaking and public health. Health care being the dynamic discipline with research, is, intended to improve practice through evidence-based novel approaches. As evidence based practice (EBP) among nurses is essential for improving the quality of care, fewer pieces of evidence are available in Nepal. This study aimed to assess the perception of evidence-based practice among nurses of a tertiary hospital in Nepal. Methods: We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional study among the 100 nurses of Bir Hospital in Kathmandu. The self-administered questionnaires were applied using the survey instrument by Upton and Upton. A purposive sampling technique was employed. We calculated the mean score to assess the nurses’ perceptions in the three sub-scales of knowledge, attitude, and use of evidence-based practice. Bivariate analysis was performed to examine the relationship between subscales. Results: The majority (89.0%) of nurses did not receive training on evidence-based practices. The mean score of knowledge on EBP was 4.47±1.11, the mean score of attitude on EBP was 4.45±1.06, and the mean score of EBP use was 4.18±1.42. EBP knowledge, attitude, and use were not significantly associated with the selected demographic variables (age, work experience, EBP training and marital status). Conclusion: Nurses’ perceptions of evidence-based practice were moderate. The implementation of EBP use needs to be strengthened among the nurses. Nurses need to be more involved in the implementation of EBP. To incorporate evidence in practice, nurses require training and support from high authorities.

초등 일반 학생과 과학영재 학생의 인공지능에 대한 태도와 윤리의식 수준 및 관계 비교

This study compared the level and relationship in attitudes and ethical awareness toward Artificial Intelligence (AI) between elementary general and science-gifted students. For this purpose, 90 elementary general students in grades5-6 and 87 elementary science-gifted students in grades 5-6 were selected, and their attitudes toward AI and ethical awareness toward AI were tested. The results of the independent samples t-test showed that the means of the science-gifted students were statistically significantly higher than those of the general students in the overall and all sub-scales of attitudes toward AI. In addition, the means of the science-gifted students were statistically significantly higher than those of the general students in the overall and three sub-domains (‘stability and reliability’, ‘transparency and explanability’, and ‘robot rights’) of ethical awareness toward AI. However, the mean differences between the two groups were not statistically significant in two sub-domains (‘no discrimination’ and ‘employment’) of ethical awareness toward AI. The correlation analysis showed statistically significant correlations between attitudes and ethical awareness toward AI in both elementary general and science-gifted students. In particular, five sub-domains of attitudes toward AI were significantly correlated with the overall of ethical awareness toward AI and three or four in the five sub-domains of ethical awareness toward AI with high reliability. The correlation coefficients between ethical awareness and attitudes toward AI, especially the two sub-domains of ‘emotional interaction with AI’ and ‘social influence of AI’, were statistically significantly larger for the science-gifted students than for the general students. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

Determinants of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Young Adults Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Shandong Province, China

Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-management in young patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to explore the relationship between general conditions (personal, social, and environment, clinical factors) and their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of diabetes self-management, This aims to provide patients with high-quality nursing care management and services, as well as to provide relevant recommendations for effective self-management. Methods: This study is a descriptive correlational study that used the purposive sampling method to investigate 359 patients with T2DM aged 18–25 years in four designated tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province. Results: Knowledge of self-management was correlated with sex, age, education level, occupation and work situation, monthly household income, medical payment method, family and friend support, frequency of diabetes health education, and diabetes complications. The attitude subscale was correlated with sex, age, education level, work situation, and family and friend support. The practice subscale was associated with age, education level, work situation, family and friend support, frequency of diabetes health education, and HbA1c values. Conclusion: Young adults aged 18–25 with T2DM have positive attitudes towards diabetes self-management, but there are still deficiencies in knowledge acquisition and behavioral practice. The KAP of self-management of diabetes is influenced by personal factors such as sex, age, and education level, and socio-environmental factors such as family income and family or friends’ social support. Additionally, clinical factors such as complications and HbA1c values significantly impacted the patient’s disease self-management ability.

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the service user psychological empowerment scale in a sample of youth service users

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the translated Chinese version of the Service User Psychological Empowerment Scale (C-SUPES) in a youth service setting in Hong Kong. Data were collected from a cross-sectional survey of 381 youth residing in Hong Kong and participating in services provided by community-based children and youth services centres. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicate a good fit for the proposed threefold factor structure with the original Positive Attitude and Involved Attitude subscales combined. The scale’s criterion validity was supported by significant correlations between creative self-efficacy, youth – adult partnerships, and civic engagement in the community, and its internal consistency reliability was satisfactory. Overall, youth service users with a higher level of participation in youth services reported a higher level of psychological empowerment. Altogether, the results suggest that C-SUPES is a reliable, valid instrument for measuring psychological empowerment among youth service users in Hong Kong.

Adaptation and validation of the Physical Restraint-Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire to the paediatric context.

Physical restraint is applied in pediatric intensive care units to carry out certain painful procedures and to ensure the maintenance and continuity of life support devices. There is a need to analyse the factors that influence the behaviour or intention to use physical restraint. To create and test psychometrically a paediatric version of the Physical Restraint-Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire to assess paediatric critical care nurses' intention to use physical restraint. A psychometric study. Five medical-surgical Paeditric Intensive care Units from five hospitals in Spain. The study took place in three phases. In phase 1, the questionnaire was adapted. In phase 2, the content validity of each item was determined, and a pilot test was conducted. In phase 3, we administered the questionnaire and determined its psychometric properties. The assessment of the intention to use physical restraint was extended to all critical paediatric patients, two items were eliminated from the initial questionnaire, four new items were included, and the clinical scenarios of the intention subscale were expanded from three to six. Overall content validity index for the full instrument of 0.96 out of 1. The Paediatric Physical Restraint-Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire is made up of four subscales (attitude, subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioural control (PBC), and intention) subdivided into 7 factors and 51 items. The internal consistency for the attitude subscale obtained a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.80 to 0.73, for the SN it was 0.72 to 0.89, for the PBC it was from 0.80 to 0.73 and for the intention subscale it was 0.75. The Paediatric Physical Restraint-Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire is an instrument composed of seven factors and 51 items that validly and reliably assesses the intention of paediatric nurses to apply PR in PICUs. Having this instrument will help health centres move towards restraint-free care by allowing managers to assess professionals' attitudes, beliefs, and intentions around the use of PR in PICUs.

Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 Algıları, Kaçınma ve Aşı Tutumlarının İncelenmesi: Türkiye Örneği

Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the factors related to the attitudes of nursing students to avoid COVID-19, their perceptions of the disease, and their attitudes towards the vaccine. &#x0D; &#x0D; Methods: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional study design. Nursing students (n = 354) studying at a university in Turkey formed the sample. Online forms included the descriptive characteristics survey form, the avoidance from COVID-19 attitudes scale, the COVID-19 disease perception scale and the COVID-19 vaccine attitudes scale. &#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The students’ mean COVID-19 disease perception scale dangerousness subscale score was 3.86 ± 0.77 and mean contagiousness subscale score was 3.73 ± 0.99. The students’ mean avoidance from COVID-19 attitudes scale cognitive avoidance subscale score was 2.29 ± 0.92 and mean behavioral avoidance subscale score was 3.40 ± 1.04. the students’ mean COVID-19 vaccine attitudes scale positive attitude subscale score was 3.62 ± 1.08 and mean negative attitude subscale score was 3.42 ± 0.89. the women had higher scores than the men (p

Status and predictors of medical students’ knowledge and attitude towards palliative care in Jordan: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundPalliative care focuses on the ability of medical students to use their expanded experiences and knowledge; however, basic medical education does not provide adequate knowledge and skills regarding palliative and end-of-life care. This study designed to examine knowledge related to palliative care and attitudes toward dying people among medical students in Jordan.MethodsCross-sectional, descriptive design was used in this study. A total of 404 medical students were recruited using convenience sampling techniques from six medical programs. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire in relation to knowledge and attitudes regarding palliative care and dying persons using Palliative Care Assessment Knowledge (PCAK) and Frommelt Attitudes toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B (FATCOD-B).ResultsMedical students have a moderate level of knowledge related to palliative care in (PCAK) part1 subscale about; pain managing (n = 156, 38.6 %), managing other palliative care symptoms (n = 164, 40.6 %), and in witnesses' family counseling and breaking bad news discussion (n = 178, 44.1 %). However, medical students have inadequate knowledge concerning the palliative care in part-2of the scale. Furthermore, students have positive attitudes towards caring for dying patients with mean score of 108.76 (SD = 8.05). The highest ranked attitude subscales were; Fairs/Malaise (M = 29.03, SD = 4.28), Communication (M = 21.39, SD = 2.51) and Relationship (M = 18.31, SD = 1.55). There was a significant difference in attitudes in relation to gender (t = -5.14, p < 0.001) with higher female mean score (M = 109.97) than males (M = 105.47). Also significant difference found among those who are exposed to Palliative Care and those who are not (t = -6.33, p < 0.001) with higher mean score of those exposed to palliative acre courses (M=298) than those who did not (M=106).ConclusionImproving knowledge and attitudes of medical students regarding palliative and end of life care should be highlighted to medical educators and medical schools need to incorporate palliative and end-of-life care into medical curricula across all levels

ADAPTAÇÃO CULTURAL E AVALIAÇÃO DAS PROPRIEDADES DE MEDIDA DA VERSÃO BRASILEIRA DO ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME RESPONSE INDEX

ABSTRACT Objective: to conduct the cultural adaptation and evaluate the measurement properties of the Brazilian version of the Acute Coronary Syndrome Response Index. Method: a methodological study was conducted with adults of both sexes diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Individuals with an inability to understand Portuguese, significant hearing deficits, or those disoriented were excluded. Data were collected from November 2020 to August 2022 at a university hospital in the state of São Paulo. The cultural adaptation followed the steps recommended in the literature. The measurement properties were assessed in a sample of 244 individuals, testing the reliability and the face, content, construct, and structural validity. Results: the Brazilian version of the instrument retained semantic, idiomatic, conceptual, and cultural equivalences similar to the original version. The internal consistency results for the subscales were: KR-20 of 0.399 for the Knowledge subscale, and Cronbach’s alpha of 0.735 and 0.577 for the Attitudes and Beliefs subscales, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated adequate fit indices to the original model of three subscales (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs). Convergent construct validity showed a weak but positive correlation between the Knowledge and Beliefs subscales and between the Knowledge and Attitudes subscales. Conclusion: the Brazilian version preserved textual equivalences, face, content, and construct validity and showed an adequate fit to the original model when applied to individuals with coronary artery disease treated at a public and teaching hospital. Additional studies in different health institutions and with samples of varying characteristics are recommended.

What influences nurses’ practice towards enteral nutrition support in the intensive care units?

BackgroundEnteral nutrition is crucial for critically ill patients to maintain gastrointestinal function, reduce complications, shorten the length of stay, and enhance wound healing. Nurses are essential in carrying out nutritional care and promoting the early commencement of enteral nutrition. ObjectiveTo assess practice and barriers towards enteral nutritional support for critically ill patients among nurses working in intensive care units. MethodsInstitution-based cross-sectional study with a total of 264 nurses were recruited by convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a Structured and pretested self-administered questionnaire entered by using epi-info 7.2.2 and analyzed by using STATA 14. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize the data distribution. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were employed. Adjusted unstandardized beta (β) coefficient at 95 % Confidence interval was used at p-value < 0.05. ResultThe mean score of practice towards enteral nutritional supports was 6.36 ± 3.16 [95 % CI (5.99, 6.76)]. Having training (β = 3.23, 95 % CI: 2.39, 4.07), knowledge (β = 0.13, 95 % CI: 0.07, 0.18), attitude (β = 0.04, 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.07), intensive care units’ resources subscale (β = -0.24, 95 %CI: −0.02, −0.44), and critical care provider attitude and behavior subscale (β = -0.22, 95 % CI: −0.10, −0.33) were found significant factors of practice towards enteral nutritional support. ConclusionNurses’ approach to enteral nutrition support was significantly substandard, and guidelines and resources for the provision of nutritional supportare not readily accessible. Targeted nutrition-related training programs, and addressing intensive care provider attitudes and behaviors are crucial in promoting better practices related to enteral nutrition support.