Attitude Scale Scores Research Articles

Evaluation of the relationship between nutrition literacy, Mediterranean diet compliance, ecological footprint and sustainable environmental attitudes in adolescents

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship between nutrition literacy, Mediterranean diet compliance, ecological footprint and sustainable environmental attitudes in adolescents.MethodsThis descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 673 adolescents aged 14–18 years. The individuals' general characteristics were questioned. Sustainable environmental attitudes, nutritional literacy status and compliance with the Mediterranean diet were assessed with the help of scales. An ecological footprint calculator was used for the calculation of the ecological footprint.ResultsThe mean age of the individuals was 16.5 ± 1.42 years. Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale score and Sustainable Environmental Attitude Scale score were higher in female adolescents than in males (p < 0.05). Ecological Footprint score was higher in male adolescents than in females (p < 0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale score, Sustainable Environmental Attitude Scale score and Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) score (p < 0.05). It was determined that sex and Sustainable Environmental Attitude Scale score affected the Ecological Footprint total score (p < 0.05). It was determined that sex, Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale score and Ecological Footprint total score affected the Sustainable Environmental Attitude Scale score (p < 0.05). Also, it was determined that Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale score affected the KIDMED score (p < 0.05).ConclusionsGirls have higher nutritional literacy and sustainable environmental attitude. Nutrition literacy, sustainable environmental attitude and KIDMED total scores showed a significant positive correlation with each other. Nutritional literacy is effective on sustainable environmental attitude and compliance with the Mediterranean diet. Sustainable environmental attitude is effective in reducing the ecological footprint.

IMPLEMENTATION OF DEMENTIA FRIENDS IN WASHINGTON STATE

Abstract Dementia Friends (DF) is a global movement whose mission is to raise awareness about dementia and the challenges associated with its stigma. The purpose of this presentation is to trace the journey including the evidence supporting the implementation of DF in Washington State and describe next steps. The movement has 13.5 million participants worldwide and utilizes a train-the-trainer model to deliver information sessions to members of the community that discuss what dementia is, five key messages, and communication tips. From 2018-2019, DF was piloted in Washington with the support of the Dementia Action Collaborative. Data showed that Dementia Attitudes Scale scores improved after a DF session and that this improvement was maintained through the one-month follow up. The results from the pilot program led to the approval of funding from Washington state for the implementation of the program in 2022. The state lead for DF Washington, the UW Memory and Brain Wellness Center, implemented the program by partnering with Regional Lead Organizations to assist in deploying the train-the-trainer model to expand DF in their regions. Each Regional Lead Organization nominated a Regional Coordinator to oversee the DF program in their region and train new volunteer “DF Champions” to lead information sessions. Funding from the state and partnerships with Regional Lead Organizations have facilitated the expansion of DF program from 214 participants in 3 counties in 2019 to 2,170 participants in 24 counties in 2024. A key challenge for DF will be cultivating community partnerships in rural areas and underserved populations.

The impact of an epilepsy peer education program on knowledge, attitudes, and first aid approaches: A quasi-experimental design.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a peer education program on students' epilepsy knowledge, attitudes, and seizure first aid approaches. This study utilized a one-group pretest/posttest quasi-experimental design. Peer educators provided training to 1343 peer students. The program consisted of two face-to-face sessions, each lasting 60min. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, first aid management information form, The Epilepsy Knowledge Level Scale, and The Epilepsy Attitude Scale. Descriptive statistics, paired samples t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The significance level was set at p<0.05. The Epilepsy Knowledge Scale score increased from 8.17(±3.46) to 12.50(±2.41), and The Epilepsy Attitude Scale score increased from 59.39(±7.32) to 61.01(±6.95) after the training. There was a significant positive correlation between students' knowledge and attitudes both before training (r=0.305, p<0.05) and after training (r=0.344, p<0.05). After the training, the percentage of students who felt competent for seizure first aid intervention increased from 20.5% to 54.4% (p<0.001). After the training, the results regarding recognizing seizure symptoms and what to do during a seizure were statistically significant (p<0.05). Our results show that peer-mediated learning is highly acceptable and that the training improves students' knowledge, positive attitudes, and seizure first aid approaches. Given these results, it is suggested that school-based epilepsy peer education programs be developed and implemented for students who will become future health professionals.

Elderly Discrimination, Willingness to Provide Care to the Elderly and View on Aging of Students in Some Departments in the Field of Health.

Increase in the older people population brings the need for care services to develop into the forefront. In this study, it was aimed to determine the attitudes of young people studying final year in fields related to health sciences about ageism and their willingness to care for older people individuals and to define the relationship between them and the effective factors. The study was conducted in a mix style in May 2022. The study was completed with 342 students. Data were collected using the Qualitative Questionnaire, the Willingness to Care for Older People Scale, and the Ageism Attitude Scale. Of the students 73.7% did not want to give older people care. The total Willingness to Give Older people Care Scale score was 35.08±6.39 and the total Ageism Attitude Scale score was 82.53±10.07. The willingness to care for the elderly is significantly higher among students living in villages/towns. According to the total score of elderly discrimination, women, those who have never met with the elderly, and those who want to work with the elderly have more positive attitudes. A weak significant correlation was determined between the Willingness to Give Older people Care Scale and Ageism Attitude Scale in a negative direction. In the qualitative dimension, the themes of "fear of being dependent", "inadequacy", "with family" and "showing no respect" were respectively obtained. The students had a moderate level of ageism and willingness to give care. Students are afraid of aging, perceive old age negatively and think that they are not respected by society.

The effects of geriatric oral dental health training to dental students on their elderly attitudes.

To measure the effect of geriatric oral health education on the attitude of dentistry students towards the elderly. The interventional study was conducted in December 2022 at Sivas, and comprised students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Turkiye in their 4th and 5th academic year. A 20-hour training course was delivered over 3 days by faculty members. Baseline and post-intervention difference was assessed using the Kogan's Attitudes Towards Old People Scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Of the 30 students, 18(60%) were females and 12(40%) were males. The overall mean age was 22.93±1.63 years. Besides, 18(60%) students belonged to 5th year and 12(40%) to the 4th year. The mean Kogan Elderly Attitude Scale score at baseline was 184.13±25.55, while post-intervention it was 195.36±22.36. (p<0.05). Relevant training was found to have a significant impact on the attitude of dentistry students towards the elderly.

Investigation of Coaches' Attitudes Towards Teaching Students with Disabilities

This study aims to determine the attitudes of the trainers while teaching disabled students. Two hundred eighty-two people randomly selected among the trainers working under the Ministry of Youth and Sports in the Black Sea region participated in the research. The participants are 79 female and 203 male trainers working in the youth sports provincial and district directorates of the youth sports ministry. The descriptive method was used in the research. The descriptive method is a situation determination that indicates the current situation. Only one scale was used as a measurement tool. The scale of teachers' attitudes towards teaching disabled students consists of personal information and 22 items. In addition, the scale consists of four sub-dimensions. Attitudes are evaluated in terms of dimensions and overall attitude totals. Scale dimensions are behavioural purpose, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, attitudes towards behaviour, and general attitude total. Since the data were normally distributed in the analysis of quantitative data, t-tests and ANOVA tests from parametric tests were used. As a result of the research, when the General Attitude Scale score is examined, it is seen that while the trainers' attitudes towards teaching disabled students are positive, some variables that predict these positive attitudes influence the attitudes, while others are not. Although it is seen that the special norm sub-dimension is effective in the effect of the trainers' attitudes, their general attitudes are positive

Effect of environmental education program implemented with university student participation on secondary school students’ environmental attitude

ABSTRACT Study aimed to increase university students’ sensitivity and the environmental attitudes of secondary school students through environmental education program. It was planned as quasi-experimental research. The first phase was completed with five fourth-year students who took Social Awareness Course at a university’s nursing department in Turkey. In second phase, sample consisted of 264 5th-grade students studying at Secondary School in Black Sea Region. University students implemented Environmental Education Program for secondary school students for four weeks. Mean environmental attitude scale score of 5th-grade students before education was 2.79 ± 0.32, and after education was 3.51 ± 0.41. A statistically significant difference was determined between mean total scale scores of university and 5th-grade students before and after education (p ˂ 0.05). It was determined that environmental sensitivity of university students and environmental attitudes of secondary school students were at medium level before Environmental Education Program and high level after education.

Attitude of Medical and Dental Undergraduate Students Towards Learning of Communication Skills at a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Proper physician-patient communication has shown to impact patients' satisfaction, and better health outcomes. On the contrary, negative impacts of poor communication have been attributed as one of the causes of increasing workplace violence. It is imperative to identify the attitude of the students towards communication skill learning. The aim of the study was to find out the attitude of undergraduate students towards communication skill learning using the communication skill attitude scale. This cross-sectional study was carried out from October, 2022 to July 2023 among undergraduate medical and dental students. Data was collected after obtaining the ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (IRC number 2079/80/82) using a preformed proforma and the previously validated communication skills attitude scale questionnaire. Convenience sampling was done. The demographic details, educational characteristics, opinions regarding communication learning and median of positive and negative attitude scale scores were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The total median (interquartile range) positive attitudes scale (PAS) and negative attitudes scale (NAS) scores were 52.00 (48.00-87.00) and 31.00 (28.00-34.00) respectively. The first year of undergraduates had higher PAS scores 56.00 (50.00-60.00) than final year 48.50 (44.25-55.00). The students who were in favour of CS learning during the clinical years of training had a higher PAS median score, 54.00 (49.00-58.00). The undergraduates had overall positive attitude towards CS learning but negative attitudes were also noted, with deterioration in the scores from first to final year of undergraduation, reiterating the importance of strengthening CS learning in the curriculum early-on in the study period.

Effect of needle-free injection on psychological insulin resistance and insulin dosage in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Psychological insulin resistance (PIR), which refers to the reluctance of diabetic patients to use insulin, is a frequently encountered clinical issue. Needle-free injection (NFI) offers advantages in terms of expediting insulin absorption and mitigating adverse reactions related to injection. To evaluate the effects of subcutaneous injection of insulin aspart 30 with NFI on PIR and insulin dosage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sixty-four patients with T2DM participated in this randomized, prospective, open, crossover study. Insulin aspart 30 was administered subcutaneously to each subject via QS-P NFI and Novo Pen 5 (NP) successively. The effects of NFI on PIR were analyzed. Differences in insulin dosage, glycemic variability, and injection safety were compared at similar levels of glycemic control. After the administration of NFI, the insulin treatment attitude scale score decreased (53.7 ± 7.3 vs. 58.9 ± 10.7, p<0.001), the insulin treatment adherence questionnaire score increased (46.3 ± 4.9 vs. 43.8 ± 7.1, p<0.001), and the insulin treatment satisfaction questionnaire score increased (66.6 ± 10.5 vs. 62.4 ± 16.5, p<0.001). At the same blood glucose level, NFI required a smaller dosage of insulin aspart 30 compared with that of NP (30.42 ± 8.70 vs. 33.66 ± 9.13 U/d, p<0.001). There were no differences in glycemic variability indices (standard deviation, mean amplitude of glycemic excursion or coefficient of variation) between the two injection methods. Compared with NP, NFI did not increase the incidence of hypoglycemia (17.2% vs. 14.1%, p=0.774), and it decreased the incidence of induration (4.7% vs. 23.4%, p=0.002) and leakage (6.3% vs. 20.3%, p=0.022) while decreasing the pain visual analog scale score (2.30 ± 1.58 vs. 3.11 ± 1.40, p<0.001). NFI can improve PIR in patients with T2DM and be used with a smaller dose of insulin aspart 30 while maintaining the same hypoglycemic effect. https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier ChiCTR2400083658.

Does Attitude towards Grammar Affect High-Level Reading Comprehension Skills?

Grammar is a learning area that functionally contributes to effective language skills. The aim of grammar instruction is the acquisition of the four basic language skills based on Turkish language rules. Reading skill, a lingual comprehension skill, aims accurate structuring of the ideas of the author of a text by the reader. The present study aimed to determine the possible effects of the attitudes towards grammar on high-level reading comprehension skills (HLRCS) based on certain variables (gender, final Turkish language course grade, and parental education level). In the current quantitative study, data were collected with the Grammar Attitude Scale and the High-Level Reading Comprehension Test (HLRCT). The study group included 427 8th grade middle school students. In the study, the regression analysis conducted to determine the causality between the Grammar Attitude Scale and HLRCT scores, revealed significant findings. Grammar attitude explained 4% of the variation in the HLRCT scores. Grammar attitude improved the achievements in high-level reading comprehension.

Examining the Attitudes of Students in Secondary Education Towards Physical Education and Sports Class in Terms of Some Variables

The purpose of this study was to compare some variables like gender, class level, engaging in sports outside of the school, sports participation status of parents, having an indoor sports facility of students studying in Edirne province secondary schools by determining their attitudes towards Physical Education and Sports class. The sample of the study consisted of 1789 students from 7th grades (483 male, 480 female) and 8th grades (424 male and 402 female). To determine the attitudes of students towards physical education class ‘Physical Education Class Attitude Scale’ (PECAS) developed by Sherrin and Toulmin and adapted to Turkish by Özer and Aktop (2003) was used. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between gender, class level, engaging in sportive activities outside of the schools variables in terms of physical education attitude scale total score and there was no statistically significant difference between the scale scores of sports participation status of parents, and having an indoor sports facility variable. Attitude scale scores of male students were found to be higher than female students (p=0,05). Attitude scale scores of 7th grade students were found to be higher than 8th grade-students (p0,05). As a result, the results obtained from the current study indicate that the attitudes of secondary school students owards physical education class were affected by gender, class level and age. It can be concluded that these factors were recommended to be taken into consideration in planning physical education lessons by relevant institutions to increase the attitudes of students towards physical education class.

Caricature-based Antenatal Breastfeeding Education Trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Objectives: Cartoons, comics, and caricatures have been incorporated in health education. This trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of caricature-based breastfeeding education at improving breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and practice among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out at Riyadh First Health Cluster in Saudi Arabia. A total of 85 pregnant women were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 41) or the control group (n = 44). The intervention was two caricature-based versus one standard online lecture in breastfeeding. The participants were followed up for 3 months postpartum. The primary outcome was full breastfeeding (predominant and exclusive breastfeeding) by the time infants were 3 months old. The secondary outcomes were prenatal and postnatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) scores, and satisfaction with the education. Results: The participants were mostly Saudi (97.6% vs. 90.9%) and housewives (79% vs. 86.4%) for the intervention and control groups, respectively. The full breastfeeding rate at 3 months postpartum was 32.5% for the intervention and 31.6% for the control (P = 0.808; 95% confidence interval 0.539–1.965; relative risk = 1.029). Prenatal breastfeeding, postnatal self-efficacy, and IIFAS scores were compared between the intervention and control groups; no statistically significant difference was found (P &gt; 0.05). In both arms of the study, participants’ experiences with the health education were satisfactory. Conclusion: Caricature use in antenatal breastfeeding education was a pleasant experience, but its effect on self-efficacy, attitudes, and behavior could not be determined from this trial. Large-scale, multi-center, multi-component research is recommended.

Assessment of disaster awareness and attitudes toward disasters among emergency and disaster management students at the Somali faculty of health sciences

Abstract Background: Disasters cause significant material and spiritual destruction within communities, resulting in significant damage to societal structures. Objective: This study aims to assess disaster awareness and attitudes toward disasters among emergency and disaster management students. Materials and Methods: This study included undergraduate students enrolled in the Department of Emergency and Disaster Management during the 2022–2023 academic year. A total of 85 students participated in this study and were contacted via an online Google form to assess their disaster awareness and attitudes toward disasters. The survey, consisting of a total of 23 items, was designed to assess participants’ cognitive, affective, and behavioral characteristics. Results: The study included 85 participants studying in the Emergency and Disaster Management department. Females made up 64.7% of the participants. The mean score of the responses given in the cognitive subfactor was 2.69 ± 0.56, the mean score of the responses given in the affective subfactor was 3.13 ± 0.47, and the mean score of the responses given in the behavioral subfactor was 2.67 ± 0.76. Conclusion: Having previously experienced a disaster, being male, belonging to a higher socio-economic class, and being older increase the average Disaster Attitude Scale score, and the increase in the average score indicates an increase in disaster awareness.

Determinants of an HIV Preventive Vaccine among a Highly Vulnerable Population: African American Men Who Have Sex with Men.

African American men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV and may benefit from the development of an HIV vaccine. African American MSM are adversely affected by discrimination as a function of both their race and sexual behaviors. This may further increase the challenges associated with persuading them to adopt an HIV vaccine. Developing a knowledge base characterizing African American MSM HIV vaccine perceptions, attitudes, and concerns may help strengthen how healthcare providers and other health stakeholders describe and discuss the advent of an HIV vaccine. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and intentions related to HIV vaccination among African American MSM. This study comprised 432 African American MSM, 18-64 years, residing in the United States. Vaccine intention was defined as how likely it is that an individual would adopt an HIV vaccine if a vaccine was available and it was 90% effective against HIV, easy to obtain, free, and had few side effects. Relative to African American MSM who intend to delay receiving an HIV vaccination, controlling for age, education, and income, early vaccine adopters who had received ≥ 2 COVID-19 vaccinations and who had high WHO HIV Vaccine Positive Attitude Scale scores were, respectively, 3.2 times and 2.4 times more likely to report the intention to vaccinate within one year. Early vaccine adopters were also 2.4 times more likely to feel that HIV prevention support discriminates against African American MSM. Those reporting three or more sexual partners and medical mistrust were, respectively, 60% and 59% more likely to report the intention to delay HIV vaccination. The lack of a knowledge base on HIV vaccine perceptions and acceptability is a missed opportunity to provide guidance on how stakeholders, such as health providers and policymakers, should address HIV vaccine hesitancy once this crucial vaccine is licensed. The key factors affecting vaccine adoption are valuable in developing and implementing campaigns to enhance the HIV vaccine coverage in this vulnerable population.

Determination of exercise attitudes of women of reproductive age in pregnancy

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate the exercise attitudes of women of reproductive age during pregnancy. MethodThe descriptive study was conducted with 326 women who applied to the gynecology outpatient clinics of a state hospital between September and November 2023. Data were collected with the "Personal Information Form" and "Exercise Attitudes in Pregnant Women Scale". Statistical analyses were analyzed at p < .05 significance level with the independent samples t test method. ResultsMost of the participants (85.6%) stated that they did not know the benefits of exercise during pregnancy and did not exercise during pregnancy (89.6%). The mean exercise attitude scale score of the participants was 135.42 ± 25.90. A significant difference was found between the participants' education level, exercising outside pregnancy, attending a pregnancy school, knowing the benefits of exercise during pregnancy and exercising during pregnancy and all sub-dimension scores (p < .05). ConclusionIn the study, it was observed that the participants had positive attitudes towards exercise during pregnancy, although their knowledge and behaviors were insufficient. Women's attitudes towards exercise should be determined by health professionals and women's positive attitudes, knowledge and behaviors should be improved by organizing trainings and exercise programs starting from pre-pregnancy.

Analysis of pre-service teachers' flow experience in educational drama practices and the effect of practices on attitudes toward creative drama courses

Aim: The analysis of the flow experience of pre-service teachers in educational drama practices and the effect of the practices on the attitude towards creative drama lessons reveal the purpose of the study. It is of great importance for physical education teachers to use creative drama practices as an effective teaching method in physical education and sports lessons, both in terms of their personal development and professional development. Method: The study was designed with a pre-test-post-test control group experimental design, one of the true experimental designs, and one of the quantitative research methods. In addition to the demographic information form, the "Flow Experience Scale" and "Attitude Scale towards Creative Drama Lessons" were applied to the participants as measurement tools. The distribution of the participant's demographic information was analyzed by frequency analysis. T-test independent groups analyzed the participants' pre-test and post-test scale scores, and the change in the pre-test and post-test scores of the scales according to demographic information was analyzed by t-test in independent groups and one-way analysis of variance. A regression model was tested to determine the effect of reason on anxiety. Analyses were performed with SPSS 20.0 software at a 95% confidence level. Findings and Conclusions: As a result, there was no significant difference between the attitude scale scores towards flow experience and creative drama course of the students participating in the research according to their age, gender, income level, place of residence, and activity type, and between the pre-tests and post-tests of the scales. However, a significant difference was detected between the pre-test and post-test scores of the flow experience scale anxiety sub-dimension and the flow sub-dimension of the academic achievement variable. In addition, although there was no significant difference in terms of the variables mentioned, it was noted that the flow experience flow and anxiety subscale scores were low. In contrast, the attitude scores towards the creative drama course were high.

Evidence-based practice attitudes and nutrition support guideline knowledge between holders and nonholders of the Certified Nutrition Support Clinician credential.

Clinical practice frequently changes, and professionals should stay abreast of evidence-based practice (EBP) guidelines. Negative attitudes towards EBP are a barrier to guideline adoption. This study explored EBP attitudes and knowledge of a complex nutrition support clinical case scenario of individuals holding or not holding the Certified Nutrition Support Clinician (CNSC) credential. This cross-sectional study used an online survey sent to American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) members with and without the CNSC credential and all CNSC credential holders from the National Board of Nutrition Support Certification email list. The survey included the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale Score (EBPAS-15) and eight knowledge questions using a nutrition support case scenario. An independent samples t test compared knowledge and EBPAS-15 total scores and subscores between CNSC holders and nonholders. Pearson correlation determined the correlation between knowledge and EBPAS-15 scores. The response rate was 7.8% (N = 706). CNSC holders (n = 536) had significantly higher mean knowledge scores (4.7 ± 1.6 out of 8) than nonholders (n = 159, 4.1 ± 1.7) (P < 0.001). Total EBPAS-15 scores were not significantly different between CNSC holders (n = 542, 2.9 ± 0.4 out of 4) and nonholders (n = 164, 2.8 ± 0.7) (P = 0.434), and knowledge scores and total EBPAS-15 scores (P = 0.639) or subscores were not significantly correlated. Regardless of holding the CNSC credential, EBPAS-15 scores indicated respondents had positive EBP attitudes. CNSC holders had significantly higher knowledge scores of recent nutrition support EBP guidelines compared with non-CNSC credential holders. Positive EBP attitudes are a precursor to clinical decision-making, but future research should determine the use of guidelines in clinical practice.

Salivary apelin hormone response and dysfunctional attitudes in adolescents in Türkiye: a relational screening model

BackgroundAdolescence is the period in which physical and emotional changes occur through hormones, the individual acquires gender characteristics and prepares for the adult role psychologically and physically. Dysfunctional attitudes are beliefs and attitudes that can lead to depression by causing negative thoughts about oneself, others, and the future.Dysfunctional attitudes negatively affect children’s mental health. Hormones have a significant impact on human behavior and cognitive functions. However, little is known about the role and influence of hormones on dysfunctional attitudes. Apelin is a hormone responsible for controlling emotions by regulating emotional behavior. The level of dysfunctional attitudes is one of the important issues in nursing practice in terms of protecting and improving children’s mental health. However, little is known about the role and impact of hormones on dysfunctional attitudes.This study aimed to examine adolescents’ dysfunctional attitudes and salivary apelin hormone levels in terms of sociodemographic variables.MethodsThe study was conducted in a relational screening model with 151 adolescents aged 9–14 years who were reported to be clinically healthy in Türkiye. Apelin hormone levels were analyzed by ELISA technique in the saliva samples of the participants. In the evaluation of dysfunctional attitudes, the relationship between the score obtained from the dysfunctional attitude scale and salivary hormone levels was evaluated.ResultsIn the study, a negative, strong and statistically significant correlation was found between the average salivary apelin hormone level and dysfunctional attitudes of adolescents (p =.000). Mean salivary hormone levels of apelin in adolescent girls and boys were 0.696 (SD 0.052) ng/ml, respectively; while 0.671 (SD 0.047) ng/ml was determined (p =.002), dysfunctional attitudes scale scores were 52.95 (SD 14.43); it was determined as 59.04 (SD 14.22) (p =.006). On the other hand, the highest average salivary apelin hormone level (p =.038). and the lowest level of dysfunctional attitudes were determined in adolescent girls aged 13–14 years (p =.028).ConclusionsIn our study, we found that while the salivary apelin hormone levels of adolescents decreased, their dysfunctional attitudes increased. We found that adolescents’ dysfunctional attitudes decreased with age. In contrast, apelin hormone levels increased with age.

EVALUATION OF BODY COMPOSITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, AND EATING ATTITUDES OF MALE INDIVIDUALS BASED ON EXERCISE ADDICTION BEHAVIOR

In this study, we aimed to examine the body composition, supplement use and nutritional status of young adult males who attend the gym based on their level of exercise addiction. We also intended to determine if there was a link between exercise addiction and eating attitude. The study included 150 volunteers males aged 19 to 30 who had exercised at least three days a week for the last three months. Data were collected through a questionnaire containing questions about the general characteristics of individuals, an eating attitude test, an exercise addiction scale, and a food consumption record. The results of the exercise dependence scale showed that 23.3% of the participants were asymptomatic, 69.3% were non-dependent symptomatic, and 7.3% were addicts. 50% of individuals had an abnormal eating behavior disorder. There was a moderate positive correlation between exercise addiction and eating attitude scale scores (r=0.50 and p

Factors Contributing to the Comprehensive Use of Food Labels in Jordan

Food labels are low-cost, informational tools that can help curb the spread of diet-related non-communicable diseases. This study described consumers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to food labels in Jordan and explored the relationship between knowledge and attitude with comprehensive use of food labels. A cross-sectional, online survey assessed Jordanian adult consumers’ ability to comprehend the nutritional contents of food labels (knowledge score), their attitudes towards food labels (attitude scale), and how frequently they used different parts of food labels (practice scale). Multivariate logistic regression models assessed predictors of comprehensive use of food labels. A total of 939 adults participated in the study. Total mean scores for the practice scale (14 questions), attitude scale (8 questions), and knowledge score (4 questions) were 49.50 (SD, 11.36; min, 5; max, 70), 29.70 (SD, 5.23; min, 5; max, 40), and 1.39 (SD, 1.33; min, 0; max, 4), respectively. Comprehensive users of food labels (26.4%) were more likely female, responsible for grocery shopping, and had higher mean knowledge and attitude scores. Jordanian consumers seem to have good practices and attitudes related to food label use but suboptimal knowledge regarding content. Future interventions should focus more on enhancing knowledge and awareness related to food labels.