Visitor Attitudes Research Articles

Predicting Behavioral Intentions of Hair Salon Visitors Using a Goal-Directed Behavior Model

This study investigated the effects of subjective norms, negative expectation emotions, positive expectation emotions, attitudes, perceived behavior, aspiration, and behavioral intentions for beauty salon visitors. To this end, a total of 322 questionnaires were distributed to beauty salon customers in Seoul. Using SPSS22.0, the collected data are analyzed by frequency analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and mediated regression analysis, and the results are, first, the higher the positive prediction emotion, the higher the aspiration. Second, it was found that the attitude of beauty salon visitors affects behavioral intentions. Third, the higher the aspiration, the higher the behavioral intention. In summary, the behavioral factors of visiting beauty salons are not related to aspiration and behavioral intention. It is expected to increase the visit rate. It is expected that there will be more reliable follow-up studies through the subdivision of various variables with a wide range of age and region.

A Study on the Experience Value and Attitude of Visitors to the Festival : Centering on the Cheonan Heungtaryeong Dance Festival

A Study on the Experience Value and Attitude of Visitors to the Festival : Centering on the Cheonan Heungtaryeong Dance Festival

Visitor attitude to tourism destinations: a critical review and future research agenda

ABSTRACT Visitor attitude is fundamental to destination selection in the tourism literature. Yet, there remains a notable dearth of critical reviews to assess the current status of knowledge on the topic. This study, therefore, seeks to map and critically evaluate the state of visitor attitudinal research to set the agenda for future scholarly enquiry. A review of journal articles on the topic in four leading tourism journals was undertaken. To critically explore the literature and identify research trends, a paradigm funnel approach was used. The findings demonstrate that most studies on the topic are based on empirical research and specific theories, most notably the contact model and theory of planned behaviour. However, few publications apply analytical methods and innovative ontological and epistemological approaches. This paper provides recommendations for future studies to advance visitor attitudinal research, advocating for the use of innovative methods and theoretical approaches in parent sub-disciplines, particularly psychology.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of PHCCs visitors about thalassemia in Iraq

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of PHCCs visitors about thalassemia in Iraq

Assessment of knowledge attitude and acceptance of health care workers and visitors regarding COVID 19 Vaccines.

Assessment of knowledge attitude and acceptance of health care workers and visitors regarding COVID 19 Vaccines.

“Green gold” - “Divine gift” – “The definition of family”: Perceptions and attitudes of domestic olive tourism visitors regarding the olive heritage in Greece

Despite the longstanding significance of olive heritage in Greece, research on olive tourism (OT) remains sparse. This study aims to explore the OT demand-side aspects of OT in Greece, by examining the perceptions and attitudes of domestic OT visitors. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a random sample of 55 predominantly domestic OT visitors from February to April 2023, as part of the Olive4All European project. The findings indicate that domestic OT visitors are highly educated, possessing substantial awareness of the olive’s multifaceted significance. Nonetheless, visits to olive sites markedly enhance visitors’ comprehension of the olive’s sociocultural, environmental and economic aspects, and are, therefore, highly appreciated. Consequently, olive sites should provide comprehensive educational content addressing these dimensions, emphasising environmental and financial aspects, as well as the lesser-known qualities of the olives/olive oil. This approach aligns with the expectations and needs of the knowledgeable domestic market, promotes special interest tourism, and ultimately contributes to safeguarding the olive heritage.

Balance between tourism and environment: measuring tourists' implicit and explicit attitudes toward visual conservation messages. The genuine article

Visual messages are widely used to positively influence in conservation attitudes of visitors in tourist destinations, these are usually persuasive or prohibitive. According to the literature, attitudes are classified as explicit (conscious) or implicit (beyond conscious control) and there may be differences between them towards the same attitude object. This paper aim to presents the analysis of said attitudes towards prohibitive and persuasive visual messages focused on the correct disposal of garbage in a tourist attraction. A structured questionnaire was used for explicit measurement and the Implicit Association Test for implicit measurement, these were applied in two sun and beach destinations in the Mexican Caribbean. After the tests carried out, it is established that both messages (persuasive and prohibitive) are effective at an explicit level; however, at an implicit level, the persuasive message produces more favorable attitudes, thus is a better opportunity to positively influence conservationist attitudes.

Cultivating commitment: how cultural ecosystem services affect visitor loyalty attitudes and intention-to-return in parks and protected areas

ABSTRACT Parks and protected areas (PPAs) are crucial for providing society with essential ecosystem services, encompassing both tangible and intangible benefits derived from healthy ecosystems. While previous research has predominantly focused on material-based ecosystem services, limited attention has been devoted to the impact of non-material cultural ecosystem services (CES), such as recreation and cultural-historic aspects, on visitor loyalty. Visitor loyalty refers to an individual’s commitment and willingness to repeatedly visit a PPA. CES can significantly shape these attitudes, as many visitors are drawn to specific PPAs due to their cultural significance or scenic beauty. This study investigated how CES influences visitor loyalty attitudes and intention-to-return at the Great Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (GBE). In the summer of 2022, data were collected from 645 GBE visitors using a population sampling approach. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed a robust link between various CES factors, visitor loyalty attitudes, and intention-to-return. For instance, findings suggest that education and the sense of place exert a strong and consistent influence on visitor attitudes regarding referrals, financial support, volunteerism, and advocacy. Additionally, positive visitor attitudes toward referrals strongly and independently predicted their overall intent to revisit the GBE. This research contributes to the advancement of both CES and visitor loyalty frameworks, offering empirical insights for natural resource managers. By acknowledging the significance and trade-offs associated with CES elements, like education and the sense of place, resource managers can enhance visitor loyalty and secure the long-term sustainability of natural resources worldwide.

Exploring National Trends and Organizational Predictors of Violence and Mistreatment From Patients and Visitors.

Rising incidents of violence and mistreatment of healthcare workers by patients and visitors have been reported. U.S. healthcare workers are five times more likely to experience nonfatal workplace violence (WPV) than workers in any other profession. However, less is known about the national trends in the incidence of violence and mistreatment in healthcare. The specific organizational and individual-level factors that relate to stress arising from these occurrences specifically by patients and family members are also not fully understood. The goals of this study were to examine national trends of violence toward healthcare workers, understand which populations are most vulnerable to stress from violence and mistreatment, and explore organizational factors that are related to these occurrences. Data were collected from three sources: (1) The Bureau of Labor Statistics Intentional Injury by Another Person data for the period 2011-2020, (2) data from a large national workers' compensation claim services provider for the period 2018-2022, and (3) results from a survey distributed at a large medical center in June and July 2022. Data were represented graphically and analyzed using multivariate regression and dominance analysis to identify specific predictors of WPV and mistreatment among healthcare workers. Of the total surveyed sample, 23.7% of participants reported mistreatment from patients or visitors as a major stressor and 14.6% reported WPV from patients or visitors as a major stressor. Stress from mistreatment and WPV was most frequently reported by nurses, employees aged 18 to 24 years other than nurses, those who identified as White, and those who identified as female or a gender minority. The emergency room (ER) showed the highest percentages of stress from mistreatment (61.8%) and violence (55.9%) from patients or visitors. The top predictors of stress from WPV and mistreatment by patients or visitors among healthcare workers ranked high to low were working in the ER, working as a nurse, a lack of necessary supplies or equipment, patient or visitor attitudes or beliefs about COVID-19, and working in a hospital-based unit. In addition to protecting employees as a moral imperative, preventing WPV is critical for organizational performance. Employee productivity is estimated to decrease up to 50% in the 6 to 18 weeks following an incident of violence, while turnover can increase 30% to 40%. An effective WPV prevention plan and a proactive approach to supporting the physical and mental health conditions that may result from WPV can mitigate the potential costs and exposures from these incidents. Organizations must also set clear expectations of behavior with patients and visitors by refusing to tolerate violence and mistreatment of caregivers. The impact of WPV can remain present and active for up to 8 years following an incident. Policy-level interventions are also needed. Currently, there are no federal protections for healthcare workers related to violence, though some states have made it a felony to abuse healthcare workers.

Overview of Media Poster Effectiveness about Tuberculosis to Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Puskesmas Visitors Leuwiliang Kabupaten Bogor

Posters are one of the visual media that can play an important role in preventing littering behavior. By the definition of posters which are media used to convey certain information, suggestions, or ideas, to stimulate the desire of those who see them to carry out the content. This study used a quantitative approach. This research is research with Cross-sectional method. This method is considered by the purpose of this study, namely Knowing the picture of the effectiveness of poster media on increasing knowledge and attitudes of visitors to the Leuwiliang Health Center. The results of the study described the knowledge variables of bad respondents as many as 44 people (54.3%) and the category of good respondent knowledge variables as many as 37 people (45.7%), the behavioral variables of respondents did not do as many as 41 people (50.6%) and the category of behavioral variables of respondents did as many as 40 people (49.4%), negative respondent attitude variables as many as 1 person (1.2%) and the variable category of positive respondent attitudes as many as 80 people (98.8%), The respondents' media type variable did not understand as many as 21 people (60%) and the respondent's media type variable category understood as many as 60 people (74.1%).

LITERATURE REVIEW: MATERNAL ANXIETY AND PARTICIPATION OF INTEGRATED SERVICES POST DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19

Background: The spread of the COVID-19 virus is a fairly big challenge and causes a lot of high anxiety in the community. Conditions from the pandemic also have an impact on various sectors, for example Integrated Services Post. Purpose: To analyze relationship between anxiety mothers and participation Integrated Services Post during pandemic COVID-19. Methods: This study was a literature review approach (literature review) by a narrative literature review which discusses the relationship between maternal anxiety and participation in the Integrated Services Post under five during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data source used secondary data in the form of journal-based articles obtained through the Google Scholar database. The inclusion criteria of this research were the year of publication in the range of 2020 to 2022, publication in Indonesian and English, and original research and full text. Results: All of the entire literature can prove that there was an association between maternal anxiety and participation in the Integrated Services Post under five during the COVID-19 pandemic. Maternal anxiety was caused by factors of community attitudes and the surrounding environment. Conclusion: The concern that occurs in mothers is caused by fear if the child or himself is exposed to Covid-19 during a visit to the Integrated Services Post, because even though they have implemented health protocols, the attitude of other visitors who do not comply with health protocols makes them feel unsafe.

Do tourists want sustainability transitions? Visitor attitudes to destination trajectories during COVID-19

The need for more sustainable tourism has long been recognised, and the COVID-19 pandemic precipitated renewed calls for large-scale and rapid transformation of the sector. Attractive as such calls were, implementing aspirations for more sustainable futures requires significant ‘buy-in’ from the demand side. Yet, substantive evidence of tourists desiring more sustainable futures was lacking. This paper aims to address this empirical deficit and to critically reflect on early pandemic rhetoric calling for transformative change. It reports on the results from a panel survey conducted with visitors to Northern Devon—a UK destination with a long-standing commitment to sustainable development—who stayed overnight in the region during Coronavirus restrictions. Of three possible trajectories for tourism development, the majority of respondents preferred a sustainable future. However, just under a quarter preferred a scenario associated with further growth in tourism, and this trajectory was perceived as the most likely to occur. Using a case-study approach, the paper critiques emergent discourse around sustainability transitions in tourism, highlighting a supply-side emphasis in extant analysis and the need for closer examination of tourist preferences for transitional pathways. If conceptual architectures from Transitions Studies are to support the implementation of sustainability transitions in tourism, both the Multi-Level Perspective and the Transitions Management approach must consider tourists’ perspectives on destination change more carefully.

Concept mapping in tourism: a case study of visitor attitudes

ABSTRACT Concept maps are effective tools designed to summarise prior knowledge by capturing the organisation of key concepts. While common in various areas of research, the value of concept mapping for articulating future trends and directions within and across tourism knowledge (sub)domains is under-explored. Consequently, this short commentary develops a relational concept map of research on visitor attitudes to tourism to stimulate discourse on the benefits and limitations of concept mapping in tourism. The benefits and limitations of concept mapping for articulating progress and trends in tourism knowledge (sub)domains are presented. Future research should critically assess the potency of visual techniques for mitigating conceptual ambiguity in tourism knowledge (sub)domains.

Visitor frequencies and attitudes towards urban forests and their management, before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. A mixed methods case study in Bonn, Germany

ABSTRACT Urban forests play a crucial role for the wellbeing of city dwellers, and their importance for people has been emphasised during the COVID-19 pandemic. This exploratory study analyses the visit patterns and visitor attitudes and perceptions in a peri-urban forest nearby Bonn, Germany, as well as the impact of the lockdown. Methodically, we combined automated visitor counting with a total of 345 on-site interviews. Respondents were asked a variety of open-ended and closed questions on various aspects of forest management and recreation. The results show that shortly after the inception of the lockdown the number of forest visitors doubled and the visit pattern changed markedly. In contrast, people’s associations with the forest remained rather stable. The forest visitors interviewed primarily associated the forest with tranquillity, recreation and fresh air, and they were generally positive about forest management. However, these expectations conflicted with the sense of crowdedness experienced during the lockdown, when novel forest uses and new motivations for visiting the forest arose, with an important focus on the forest as a place for social interaction. These were mainly a result of the lockdown restrictions, rather than COVID-19 itself, which left people with more time and flexibility, and less alternative activities. The results highlight the importance of forest management in catering to people’s expectations and ultimately for the role that forests play for people’s wellbeing. This was the case before the lockdown but arguably even more so during, in response to a variety of needs resulting from unprecedented circumstances.

Using social media user profiles to identify visitor demographics and origins in Yellowstone national park

Despite the growing body of studies on mining visitor perceptions and attitudes of national park visitors using social media data, few research investigated user demographics and its representative issues. This study assessed visitor demographics, including gender, age, racial groups, and origins of visitors in a U.S. national park through their Twitter user profiles, and compared the results to a traditional visitor survey. The results showed similar percentages of gender groups between Twitter user profiles and the traditional survey. However, significant differences existed across all age groups and all racial groups between the two data sources. Compared to the survey, the visitors identified from social media data were younger and from more diverse race groups. The lists of the top 10 states and countries of residency of visitors from the two data sources overlapped but had different orders. The findings indicated that social media data could only be a complementary data source due to its representative issues. The results allow researchers to explore social media users’ demographics by advanced social data analytics. However, this study suggests that analyzing Twitter profile information, such as self-reported names and profile photos, requires special attention from researchers even if the data were publicly available. The authors recommend that future research should attend to the representative and private issues of social media data. Management implications•Social media user profiles can be utilized for predicting users’ demographics, such as gender, age, and racial groups.•Social media data can only be a conplementary data source to understand visitor demographics in future research.•The ethical issues of social media data, including private domain and machine learning algorithms, need further discussion.

Natural area visitors’ potential role in preventing pathogen threats to amphibian biodiversity

SummaryThe anthropogenic spread of disease from captive to wild amphibian populations (referred to as spillover) is linked to global amphibian declines. Disinfecting procedures and protocols exist to mitigate pathogen transmission to and within natural areas, but understanding of visitor attitudes and behaviour regarding their adoption is limited. We surveyed visitors in two natural areas in a global amphibian biodiversity hotspot to assess their attitudes regarding pathogen spread in such areas and analysed the factors influencing their behavioural intentions to take specific actions to prevent pathogen spillover. Visitors’ willingness to take action was influenced by their attitudes, behavioural control and trust in wildlife/land managers, whereas socio-demographic characteristics were less influential. These findings help us to understand visitor behaviour with respect to amphibian biosecurity in natural areas and inform enhanced biosecurity measures and strategic messaging to reduce pathogen spillover.

Protected Areas in the Function of Sustainable Tourism Development—A Case of Deliblato Sands Special Nature Reserve, Vojvodina Province

The Deliblato Sands Special Nature Reserve (SNR) is located in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Northern Serbia). The favorable position implies the proximity to large cities with which it has good traffic connections. Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Croatia, and other countries from the region represent a dispersive zone. The topic of this paper is the function that the SNR has in sustainable tourism development. The objective of this work is the analytical research of the available written data, as well as those obtained after the conducted survey. The basis of the research is to find out how and to what extent the SNR contributes to sustainable tourism development. The research was carried out by measuring the value of sustainable tourism indicators, and examining the attitudes of residents, visitors, and students about the current state of sustainable tourism and the importance of the SNR for future tourism development. Respondents were selected using a random sample method. The authors used qualitative and quantitative methodologies in the paper. This research examined the SNR sustainable development by measuring sustainability indicators and surveying 1884 respondents (714 residents, 620 visitors, and 550 students) about sustainable tourism in the SNR. The obtained data were analyzed and presented with the help of SPSS v. 21 software. The research results can be used to create national and international strategies for sustainable tourism development.

A holistic perspective to predict yoga tourists' revisit intention: An integration of the TPB and ECM model.

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the pattern of visitors' revisiting behavioral intention via the innovational approach of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT). This research was conducted by data collection with structured questionnaires as its instrument, which was distributed among 420 yoga tourism visitors in two destinations, Mysore and Rishikesh in India. Collected data had been processed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The data analysis results showed that the behavioral attitude of yoga tourism visitors can mediate the influence of behavioral intention through the satisfaction. The findings of this study include the following points: (1) the components of attitude, subjective norm and destination image apply a direct effect on the cultural and spiritual experiences of yoga tourism visitors; (2) cultural and spiritual experiences have a direct effect on the expectation confirmation and the satisfaction of yoga tourism visitors; (3) Expectation confirmation has a direct effect on the satisfaction and the behavior intention of yoga tourism visitors; and (4) Satisfaction has a direct effect on the behavior intention of yoga tourism visitors. This study contributed by examining the satisfaction and revisit intentions of yoga tourism visitors through an integrated study of planning behavior and expectation confirmation models, which might be refilling the scarcity of research in the tourism literature. The result of this study might offer important implications for scholars, marketers, and tourism industry to better serve this emerging niche market.

How Do People Experience the Alps? Attitudes and Perceptions in Two Protected Areas in Italy

Protected areas play an important role due to their twofold capacity for biodiversity conservation and the provision of many benefits to human well-being. Tourism can be a tool for protecting nature, enhancing people’s sensitivity, and a threat to biodiversity management. This study investigates users’ attitudes and perceptions and managers’ concerns related to the frequentation of two protected areas in the Italian Alps: the Gran Paradiso National Park and the Adamello Regional Park. We carried out 32 semi-structured interviews with park managers and municipalities to identify their perception of tourism and possible threats related to the use of the parks. Thus, we administered questionnaires to 3399 users of the PAs to investigate their attitudes and perceptions. We made considerations on whether there were similarities in the attitudes identified by the park managers and results of the questionnaires. Questionnaires confirmed the managers’ perception of mass tourism regarding one-day stays and the purpose of the visits, but we could not exhaustively confirm the increase of new visitors. We performed a binary logistic regression to understand the relationship between short-term stays and attitudes of visitors (origin, frequency of visits, stakeholders’ category, and biographical data). Eventually, interviews stated an exacerbation of the growth of visitors due to the COVID-19 pandemic; thus, we investigated if the pandemic changed the assiduity of visits, and half of the users claimed a change in their assiduity of visits, but mostly declared a decreased frequentation of the area.

Attitudes of visitors towards Christmas lighting at the Christmas market in the face of the energy and climate crisis

Attitudes of visitors towards Christmas lighting at the Christmas market in the face of the energy and climate crisis