National Attitudes Research Articles

Trapp’s Trap: Classical Nationalism versus Bounded Rationality

Abstract How rational are classical nationalist attitudes, and their more recent cousins, populist quasi-nationalist attitudes? This article addresses these questions from the perspectives of instrumental and bounded conceptions of rationality. It demonstrates that on both conceptions pernicious nationalistic attitudes may count as perfectly rational, while remaining clearly irrational in a wider prescriptive sense. The article concludes by pointing to alternative conceptions of rationality and to cosmopolitan remedies for global problems inadequately addressed within nationalistic frameworks.

Pattuppui Ri Ade’e, Pasanre’i Ri Syara’E: Character Education Based On Religious Values and Local Wisdom

The Locus of this research is The people of South Sulawesi who are upholding their highest value which are Siri’ focus on shame and self-esteem as human. This cultural value becomes the strength binding the caracther of the nation, based on the cultural and religious values which often lost to western culture. The Western culture has positive values such as hard working, tolerance, discipline, and as well as negative values which based from permisifm. The subjects of this study were 60 PAUD education teachers using quantitative survey methods with questionnaires as instruments. The research findings show (1) the relationship of religious values with the nationalism attitude of PAUD teachers by 0.948; (2) the relationship between religious values and the integrity of PAUD teachers is 0.747; (3) the relationship between religious values and the PAUD teacher's cooperation attitude of 0.761; (4) the relationship between the understanding of local wisdom with the nationalism attitude of PAUD teachers by 0.422; (5) the relationship between understanding local wisdom and PAUD teacher integrity is 0.378; and (6) there is a significant and positive relationship between the understanding of local wisdom with the PAUD teacher's cooperation attitude of 0.412. In Indonesian society, The religious values which related with integrity and cooperative such as ta’awun , syura’ and hubbul wathan . On the other hand, the religious values such as adele ’, rebba’ sipatokkong , and Mali siparappe’ . These values become the binder in various life aspects, including education

The Effect of Financial Statement Integration and Accountability Characteristics on Taxpayer Compliance Moderated by Nationalism

The purpose of the study to prove nationalism as a moderating variable among the influence on the integration of financial statements and characteristics can be accounted for to taxpayer compliance. This type of research uses quantitative research methods. Quantitative research is research with data analyzed in the form of numbers. Quantitative descriptive research methods with the use of numbers from data collection, interpretation of data and exposure of results. This research procedure is done by conducting a questionnaire. Questionnaires are distributed using google form. The results of the study found that 1) financial statements intregation, characteristics can be accounted, and nationalism attitudes have a positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance and 2) moderation of national attitudes on the integration of financial statements has no positive effect on taxpayer compliance while the moderation of national attitudes on characteristics can be accounted for positively on taxpayer compliance.

Peran Guru Sejarah untuk Menanamkan Sikap Nasionalisme di Era Globalisasi

<p><em>The role of the teacher is very important in shaping the character of students who have a sense of nationalism. The feeling of nationalism is something that must be held by everyone, especially by students, so that in the process of development it becomes an important capital in the survival of the nation and the state. This paper seeks to obtain information about the participation of history teachers in instilling students' nationalism. The results show that history teachers are very important in instilling an attitude of nationalism in students because the teacher is an example, the teacher is an inspiration, the teacher is a motivator, and the teacher is an evaluator. In learning history itself, the modeling of the character of nationalism is mainly discussed. </em><em>The method used in this research is the study of literature or library research and by conducting observational studies from previous studies. Library research, Researchers study and collect data through several kinds of literature and reading sources that support and are relevant to research. In this case, literature research is carried out through books, magazines, internet.</em></p>

Wilamowice i jego mieszkańcy podczas II wojny światowej w świetle relacji miejscowego proboszcza ks. Franciszka Jeża

The subject of the analysis was the written history of the local parish: Liber memorabilium Ecclesiae parochialis Willamowiciensis ab anno 1862, successively supplemented by successive parish priests from Wilamowice. Events of the Second World War were also described there. It was a special period in the history of the town and its inhabitants. Due to the fact that the inhabitants of Wilamowice did not use the Polish language on a daily basis, the invader considered these people to be Germans, suggesting that they should be placed on the Volkslist. It aroused reluctance on the part of Polish fellow residents and was tinder for more and more antagonism between the two groups. A witness of these events, the local parish priest, Fr. Franciszek Jeż described in detail the growing mutual animosities and the role of the German administration in escalating the conflict. The narrator did not try to convince himself of his neutrality. He clearly placed himself on the side of the Polish inhabitants, not hiding his indignation at the national attitudes of the Wilamowiceans. He accused them of betraying Polish interests turned into material benefits. In fact, the genesis of the problem was more complicated, nevertheless, many of his observations should be described as accurate and wellthought-out. The end of World War II did not eliminate the conflict. It entered a new phase of compensating for real and imagined wrongs by the Polish authorities. The totality of these complicated accounts was presented in an interesting way by Fr. Franciszek Jeż.

The Influence of Nationalism's Attitude and Tax Morals on Taxpayer Compliance through Tax Awareness

The purpose of this study was to examine the direct effect of nationalism and tax morale on tax awareness. As well as testing the effect of the two independent variables on taxpayer compliance through tax awareness. The research method used is quantitative with data collection techniques through questionnaire, method in taking samples using the hair method, namely the number respondent 5 – 10 times the number of indicators. The results of the sample obtained are 180 respondents with the status of Taxpayers. The sample was tested for validity and reliability testing and tested the hypothesis through the Smarts PLS software application. The results of hypothesis testing prove that there is a significant direct effect on nationalism and tax morale on tax awareness, a significant direct effect on tax awareness on taxpayer compliance, and a significant indirect effect on nationalism and tax morale attitudes on taxpayer compliance. Tax through tax awareness. From this research it can be concluded that when the Government will. To increase tax awareness, the first strategy that must be improved is tax morale, then the attitude of nationalism. And to increase taxpayer compliance through tax awareness, the first strategy that must be improved is tax morale, then nationalism.

IMPLEMENTATION OF HISTORY LEARNING TO BUILD STUDENTS' ATTITUDE OF NATIONALISM

The phenomenon of the disappearance of the nationalist attitude of Indonesia's young generation, especially among students, is increasingly visible. This is shown by students who fight, joke during ceremonies, come late to school, and their lifestyles are now dominated by foreign cultures, and prefer foreign cultures. This is a negative impact of globalization. This phenomenon must be immediately corrected, one of which is through history learning. The function of history learning is to provide historical material lessons to students so that they understand their identity and their environment. Meanwhile, specifically, the function of history learning is to teach historical concepts, teach intellectual skills, and provide historical material information to students. Thus, learning history can make students able to understand themselves, their culture, and will love their country so that they can build an attitude of nationalism in students. This study uses descriptive analysis method to analyze the data. In this study, data were obtained from articles, journals, books, and news sources in the mass media. The implementation of history learning to build students' attitudes of nationalism is by providing historical material, utilizing history learning media and using learning methods.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ЛЕСНЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ САМАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ СО СТУДЕНТАМИ И ШКОЛЬНИКАМИ В ЦЕЛЯХ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

The modern education system includes fundamental components, including the greening of the educational process using leading forms, methods and teaching aids. Despite a variety of environmental campaigns, environmental education activities, the ecological culture of the population still remains at an insufficiently high level. Often this happens due to the “isolation” of a person from the ecological situation of a particular region. In this regard, the question of the need to introduce local history information into the learning process and the mandatory personal acquaintance with natural objects and phenomena has been repeatedly raised. The participation of students in the development and implementation of social and environmental projects forms the assimilation of knowledge, value and patriotic attitudes in the activity. The development of methods and means of training and education should be interconnected with the achievement of other sciences, including digital technologies. In connection with the foregoing, we consider it relevant to effectively train a teacher whose activities will be aimed at the formation of an ecological culture of students using original materials about forest complexes obtained in the course of their own research in nature. A necessary condition for the formation of the necessary competencies among students should be called an activity approach in teaching biology and ecology. The article presents some results of educational, research and research work of students and schoolchildren of the Samara region, the purpose of which was to assess the current state of forest ecosystems in the Samara region. An example of the use of modern digital resources to study the occurrence and development of fires is given. Recommendations for the implementation of field research are given.

Громадянський патріотизм як нова модель патріотизму: теоретико-методологічне обгрунтування

Based on a sociological survey conducted within the framework of the Swiss-Ukrainian project, the article analyses the state of citizenship of Ukrainians through the prism of developing their patriotic attitudes. The authors make a theoretical attempt to combine the notions of «citizenship » and «patriotism» with a view to their mutual informative reinforcement in the new model of citizenship patriotism. It is determined that the most integrative potential for the successful completion of democratic transit in Ukraine is a model of citizenship patriotism, based on a high level of citizenship competence of individuals (which implies a well-grounded positive assessment of the national realities, the attitude of conscious fulfilment of civil duties and active position of citizens in the field of protection of public interest).

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF CIVIL IDENTITY AND PATRIOTISM FORMATION IN A SCHOOL AT THE PRESENT STAGE OF EDUCATION

The problem of a person's civic identity formation accompanies society modernization, and it is especially relevant today, not only for the development of personality traits, but also for the younger generation, who should be active citizens of their state, their homeland. Awareness of an individual to belong to a community of citizens of a certain state, on a general cultural basis, determines civic identity. Due to the fact that students of different ages have different life experiences, they need the help of a teacher when choosing life guidelines. Adolescents do not have well-established social motives, interests and sufficient experience, just as the desire for independence is not always supported by interests and sufficient experience. The requirements of the Federal State Standard state that the basis of civic identity is the basic national values. The purpose of the research is to diagnose the formation of civic identity and patriotism among adolescents and the possible psychological and pedagogical conditions for their formation in the lessons at school, using the example of geography lessons in the course of "Geography of Russia". The research methods used are theoretical and empirical methods, including the study of methodological approaches to understanding the problem of civic identity and patriotism formation; questioning, methods of mathematical statistics. The results of the research have led to the following key conclusions: 1. Methodological approaches of philosophers, teachers and psychologists were used: N.A. Berdyaev, M.S. Kagan, K.D. Ushinsky, V.A. Sukhomlinsky, V.I. Galperin, who studied the spiritual and moral basis of a personality, psychological and spiritual mentality of people, and folk values in education. 2. Analysis of the results of the survey of students of 8-9 grades of MBOU "Maikop Gymnasium No. 22" in the 2021/2022 academic year, the positive results of the pedagogical experiment proved the validity of the proposed methodology for teaching the course of the "Geography of Russia", the effectiveness of psychological and pedagogical conditions in the formation of knowledge of patriotic content, increasing the level of formation of civic identity and moral and patriotic position.

Interpreting Communication and Information Technology as an Effort to Grow a Nationalist Attitude towards Society 5.0

Information and communication technology is a device for disseminating information and communication between humans. In society 5.0, technology has become a part of human life which aims to make life easier. As a result, human dependence on technology, including information and communication technology, is feared to further reduce the nationalism attitude because of weak borders between countries. This study discusses the impact of technological developments, especially information and communication technology, and their impact on nationalism. By using the historical method, analysis, and synthesis, it can be seen how technology influences nationalism and the efforts of our predecessors to instill this understanding through technological developments. As a result, technology is actually the best solution to increasing nationalism.

Tradycja kółek uczniowskich gimnazjów autonomicznej Galicji w Okręgu Szkolnym Krakowskim i Lwowskim II Rzeczypospolitej

In addition to their important didactic role, student academic and interest circles in middle schools in autonomous Galicia played an important educational role. They taught respect for national tradition and history, thus shaping patriotic attitudes. They functioned in practically all junior high schools. The number of them in particular schools varied. They enjoyed the interest of students, as evidenced by their significant attendance at classes. After regaining independence the schools of Cracow School District the Lviv continued the forms of work allowing to enrich the scope of students’ scientific knowledge and to extend the curricula of compulsory subjects with new content. After regaining independence the schools of the Cracow School District continued their forms of work allowing to enrich the scope of students’ scientific knowledge and to extend the curricula of compulsory subjects with new contents, which referred to the Galician tradition. Regardless of the model of education – national or state, they shaped in students the patriotic and civic attitudes. They built respect for national values and rich cultural heritage. Both academic and interest circles functioned in autonomous Galicia, and later in the Second Polish Republic, in practically all middle schools. These circles were thematically related to the curriculum subjects: history, theology, natural sciences, mathematics, physics, German studies, Polish studies, philosophy, as well as those arising from specific student interests, for example: abstinence, theater lovers, self-education, aesthetics, tourism, economics, photography, sightseeing, music and singing, sports, bookbinding, literary, ethics, hygiene, physical activities, art, drama, literature and others. As a rule, the tutors were subject teachers or teachers who were interested in the subject of the club. The Galician student clubs had the support of the school principals. According to them, the clubs should maintain their scientific character, their creation should be supported by teachers, and the decision to organize them should be left to youth councils. Student circles in autonomous Galician middle schools as a form of didactic and educational work were an important contribution to the development of this type of student activity. They were an important contribution to the development of this type of student activity in Polish secondary schools in the interwar years, and thus a contribution of Galician education to the Polish school system of 1918–1939.

Сравнительный анализ идеологических и программных позиций крайне правых политических партий в Европейском парламенте девятого созыва

The article is devoted to scientific research of the ideological and programmatic positions of the extreme right parties in the European Parliament of the ninth convocation (2019 - present). The growth in the number of extreme right political parties in the European Parliament has raised the question of how effectively they can use this institution to achieve their goals. A specific feature of extreme right parties is their Eurosceptic and radical nationalist positions, which run counter to the policies of the European Union. This creates special conditions for the functioning of these parties within the framework of modern political systems. This research based on political party programs, databases of political party positions presented in party manifestos, and public speeches by extreme right party leaders in the media.

Classics of German and World Sociology in World War I

The attitude of German sociologists to the First World War, which today is unconditionally included in the classical tradition, was not unambiguous. All of them shared the convictions set forth in the open letter of 93 German scientists, philosophers, historians, art critics "Toward a Cultural World", which justified Germany’s participation in the war. But the modality of sociologists’ patriotism varied within fairly wide limits. The extreme nationalist position was occupied and expressed by W. Sombart. M. Weber considered it necessary to find rational and realistic conditions for a truce acceptable to all participants in the conflict. G. Simmel adhered to the most moderate opinions, in his lectures and articles promoting Eurocentrism from the point of view of the vital interests of Germany. R. Michels, who lived and worked in Italy before and during the war, did not hide his anti-German views and sentiments.

Jewish People in the German Far-Right: How AfD is Pandering to Jews to Gain Legitimacy

Despite the consistent rise of anti-Semitic attacks, Jewish people from across Germany are joining the far-right Alternative für Deutschland political party in increasing numbers. In 2018 a group of nineteen Jewish AfD members formed the JAfD, the Jewish division of the party, reflecting just how much Jewish support for the AfD is growing even as national and global Jewish organizations have branded the AfD as anti-Semitic. This growth comes as a shock considering incidents like AfD politician Wolfgang Gedeon’s denial of the Holocaust and accusations that numerous AfD politicians encourage extremist behavior. This paper examines the AfD’s official policy statements to understand how Jewish-Germans can merge their political beliefs with the AfD’s German nationalist position. This paper argues that the AfD has deliberately re-structured its platform to appeal to a Jewish base, which enables party heads to challenge allegations of extremism in a bid to gain mainstream legitimacy.

Changing Social Norms in Relation to Commerce (China)

The idea of broadly classifying social classes into the simin “Four Occupations” of the shi (gentry scholars/bureaucrats), nong (peasant farmers), gong (artisans), and shang (merchants) first appeared in China during the spring and autumn periods. Subsequently, the system of state bureaucracy emerged under the unified empire of the Qing and Han dynasties after the Warring States period. In this context, the policy of Fuguo Qiangbing (“enrich the country, strengthen the military”) was adopted, and the Four Occupations came to be ranked in a manner that discriminated between the different occupations; that is, with the merchants and artisans, who were viewed as inferior, being subject to heavier taxes, as well as being conscripted for military service and excluded from becoming bureaucrats. Thus, discrimination became firmly entrenched in the national attitude of the Han dynasty. (View PDF for the rest of the abstract.)

The Rise of Nationalist Populist Leaders and Nuclear Order

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the rise of nationalist-populist leaders in nuclear-armed states on the nuclear order and whether they may enhance the probability of nuclear war. Trump and Putin will serve as case examples in this paper, as the United States and Russia are the world’s two most powerful nuclear-armed states. Trump is an illustration of how social media may affect nuclear order. His comments on social media about nuclear weapons are unreliable and do not reflect the national attitude. Putin used nuclear threats to legitimise his leadership and protect Russia’s position as a powerful nation, rather than to prepare for an actual nuclear war, according to an analysis of his actions. Thus, this essay argues that nationalist populists may weaken nuclear order but may not raise the risk of trigger a nuclear war. Misperceptions among governments could be the direct cause of the danger of nuclear war rather than the rise of nationalist populist leaders.

МЕНТАЛІТЕТ ЯК ПРЕДМЕТ НАУКОВОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ У КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНИХ ГІБРИДНИХ ЗАГРОЗ

The article substantiates the relevance of the essence, content and structure of the mentality of the Ukrainian people, analyzes the different approaches of domestic and foreign authors to the essence, content components, structure of the mentality. The history of the formation of scientific research of world scientists is considered, the connection of mentality with archetype – storage of latent layers of human memory, which are a form of collective unconscious (suprapersonal-transpersonal beginning of the human psyche). Shown that culture, ethnic and social conditionality of the way of thinking, stereotypes of behavior, to identify those phenomena of social life that are often difficult to explain rationally. The author's understanding of mentality is offered: it is a stable system of internal conscious and subconscious sociocultural attitudes of human community formed throughout human history, which is formed and changed both under external influence of economic, political, social, cultural factors and through genetically determined human self-development or a large social group at the level of automatism. It is shown that the manifestation of the mentality of a particular ethnic group is the ethnomental mentality which contains the following basic elements: collective memory; social ideas, attitudes and relationships; collective emotions, feelings and moods that reinforce them; norms, values and ideals; ethno-national character and temperament; language; mental representations of culture style of thinking and social perception behavioral patterns; ethnic and national identity. The structure of mentality is considered, which contains the following components: a) socio-cultural component; b) psychological component at the level of social psychology ("national" and "social" nature) and at the level of individual psychology (specific manifestation of socio-psychological, national attitudes of each individual); c) the civilizational component, which is the intellectual support of civilization.

AKTUALISASI SEMANGAT KEBANGSAAN DALAM MENYIKAPI WABAH COVID 19 DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 PURWOKERTO

This research aims to get actual and factual information about the actualization of the national spirit in responding to the covid 19 outbreak at Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto Junior High School. The research process uses a qualitative approach with case study methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, documentation studies and literature studies. This research was conducted on the learning process of Pancasila Education and Citizenship (PPKn). Subjekresearch is the principal, teacher PPKn and student. The findings in this study show that; 1) Students do not yet have a complete understanding of the concept of national insight, but implicitly in the process of learning PPKn, teachers always build a climate of togetherness and help each other. This condition can actually be understood if the seeds of the national spirit have appeared. The selection of varied learning methods is used by PPKn teachers and IPS teachers, which support the national attitude of students. PPKn and IPS learning carried out contributes considerable in shaping the national spirit of students in school which is characterized by the direction of achievement of learning success that not only looks at cognitive aspects, but also emphasized on affective and psychomotor aspects, especially those that are charged with national values. 2) Strengthening the organization with the foundation of the spirit of nationalism based on state ideology and Muhammadiyah values. Through a strong organizational commitment, the spirit of nationality flows in students. 3) The practice of the student's national spirit is realized through its participation in scouting activities (Hizbul Wathan/ HW scouting), flag ceremony activities, sports competitions, and regional arts events are a form of stimulation in developing national values in students and not spreading hoax news about the covid 19 pandemic.

SOCIALIZATION STRATEGY TO INSTILL NATIONALISM IN 3T (FRONTIER, LEAST DEVELOPED, OUTERMOST) REGIONS TO COUNTER THE NATIONAL DEFENSE THREATS

<div><p class="Els-history-head">The 3T region (terdepan, tertinggal, terluar or frontier, least developed, outermost) in Indonesia is an area that is prone to non-military threats, especially ideological threats that can affect national defense. Various efforts have been made by the government but the level of success achieved is still minimal. In this case, the state needs to seriously develop steps to socialize the attitude of nationalism, especially to people in the 3T region. The purpose of this study was to explore the appropriate socialization strategy used in inculcating the attitude of nationalism in the 3T society regions. This study used qualitative methods with data collection through library research and analytical methods using descriptive analysis. The results of this study are expected to find the right socialization strategy that should be applied in the 3T region in the future. The success in efforts to socialize the planting of nationalism in the 3T region by the government depends on many factors, and the involvement of the central government and regional parties, as well as all levels of society, is an important aspect in determining the success of these efforts.</p></div>