Driver Attitudes Research Articles

‘Being treated like an actual person’: attitudinal accessibility on the bus

Whilst the essential nature of built environment accessibility has been well established in transport research, attitudinal, behavioural, and communication barriers experienced by transport users remain largely overlooked. Subtle and insidious, repetitive negative attitudes, behaviour, and communication can force disabled passengers out of the most affordable transport option available. Applying the Disability Justice Framework and a Mobility Justice approach, this study investigated disabled passengers’ reported experience of bus driver attitudes, behaviours, and communication methods, and the impact of these encounters. A mixed methods cross-sectional survey and focus groups with disabled adults and support persons were conducted. An Advisory Working Group of transport accessibility advocates, all with lived experience, were engaged to oversee the study design. Participants reported that some bus drivers demonstrated ableist attitudes, discriminatory behaviour, and communication methods. Many passengers had reduced or stopped catching buses altogether due to these negative encounters, restricting their community mobility, which further impacted their quality of life. Participants’ recommendations for drivers, operators, and transport authorities were thematically integrated into one statement, reinforcing the power of attitudinal access—‘treat me like the person I am, who is valid; with a right to time, space and safety; listen to me, and prove you care’.

Effects of an educational intervention program based on the PRECEDE–PROCEED model for anger management and driving performance of urban taxi drivers: A comparison of traditional and online methods

This quasi-experimental study implemented and compared the efficacy of an educational intervention based on the PRECEDE–PROCEED model to teach anger management and improve the driving performance of urban taxi drivers delivered using with same instructional materials either face-to-face (traditional) and online. Participants were 76 taxi drivers from two cities in Iran, randomly assigned to face-to-face or online delivery of the intervention. Data was collected using a survey which included demographic questions, Ecological and Educational Assessment Questionnaire (measuring knowledge, reinforcing factors, and enabling factors), Driver Attitude Questionnaire, Driver Behavior Questionnaire, and Driving Anger Scale at baseline, and two-months (follow-up 1) and four-months (follow-up 2) after the intervention. Additionally, participant’s driving performance was assessed using the Wiener Fahrprobe technique. Both intervention modes were effective in improving driving performance in follow-up 1. Knowledge, reinforcing factors and enabling factors were improved in both modes of intervention in follow-up 1, although scores had decayed by follow-up 2. Compared to baseline, face-to-face delivery of the intervention improved drivers' attitudes and self-reported driving behaviors, although there was a small decay at follow-up 2, whereas online delivery improved drivers' attitudes in follow-up 1 only. By follow-up 2, the face-to-face group had reduced driving anger, but no change was observed in the online group. Altogether, retention of the educational intervention was greater in the face-to-face group than the online group. Reasons for this difference can be attributed to increased efficacy of face-to-face teaching that includes an opportunity to question the instructional content and get feedback.

Attitudes of Drivers towards Electric Vehicles in Kuwait

Although researchers have started to examine the landscape of electric vehicles (EVs) around the world, very little research has examined this phenomenon in Kuwait. In addition, limited research has explored it among drivers. Kuwait constitutes a very promising market for EVs because there is a need to lower GHG emissions and improve the air quality in Kuwait. This study therefore explored the attitudes of conventional car internal combustion engine (ICE) drivers towards EVs in Kuwait, particularly identifying attributes, features, enablers, and barriers of EVs that are considered important by potential consumers in Kuwait. This study utilized a mixed method approach in terms of quantitative data and qualitative data from a sample of 472 drivers to accomplish the main objectives of this study. The study showed that more than half of participants would buy an EV within the next 3 years, and they would buy if several conditions were met. That includes a cheaper purchase price with the assistance of policies controlled by the government along with the availability of suitable infrastructure for EVs relating to charging stations, fast lanes, and free parking spaces. More than 40% of participants would also seriously start thinking about buying an EV if the gas/fuel prices increased by between 50 and 199%. More than 40% of participants thought that EVs are safe in relation to fire and car crashes. Furthermore, approximately half of participants would pay 6–20% more for an EV that is both environmentally friendly and much quicker than gasoline cars. In addition, participants would also prefer EVs over gasoline cars in the future for their environmental, economic, and technological values. More importantly, the study yielded many significant findings, such as the demanded and preferred features of EVs and reflections on the readiness of the Kuwaiti market.

Effectiveness of implementing a Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) law among young Serbian drivers

Introduction: Young novice drivers have higher rates of engagement in road crashes worldwide, often owing to unfavorable attitudes toward road safety or lack of knowledge, experience, and risk consciousness. However, the implementation of graduated driver licensing (GDL) systems has proven effective in reducing the high incidence of young drivers involved in crashes. Method: The purpose of this study was to compare the change in driving outcomes (e.g., attitudes toward traffic safety, behavior patterns while driving, risk assessment in traffic, assessment of personal driving skills, and involvement in traffic crashes) of young drivers prior to and following the implementation of a GDL law. Respondents (n = 642) completed a battery of questions, including a driver attitudes questionnaire (Behaviour of Young Novice Drivers Scale), a self-assessed driving ability questionnaire, and a risk perception questionnaire. Of the total sample size, 324 drivers passed the old system of training driver’s license candidates, and 318 drivers passed the new GDL system. Results: The results showed that drivers licensed with GDL reported safer attitudes toward traffic rule violations and speed, and higher levels of safety orientation with regard to their driving abilities. They also reported much higher levels of risk perception and lower exposure to risky situations (risky driving exposure). There were no differences between GDL drivers and non-GDL drivers in terms of self-reported crashes or transient or fixed violations. In addition, GDL was not related to the number of traffic crashes, the number of fatalities, or serious and slight injuries in crashes involving young drivers in crashes obtained from official records. Conclusions: The results suggest that GDL contributed to the improvement of drivers’ attitudes and understanding of risk but did not contribute to significant changes in the behavior of young drivers and traffic crashes. In addition, the GDL program in Serbia only ranks fair on the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) scale. Strengthening the GDL program in Serbia with additional components in line with GDL programs rated as good by the IIHS scale could improve the safety of young and novice drivers in traffic.

Modelling parking type choice behavior

• An econometric parking choice model is developed to investigate parking choice behavior. • We derive cruising and walking time valuations. • Drivers are willing to pay more for reducing cruising and walking time. • Trip purpose and turnover policy affects the choice of the type of parking. • Research on the Tunisian drivers’ behavior. Cruising for a parking space represents one of the major sources of urban congestion. Search for Parking generates additional urban traffic, energy consumption, vehicle emissions and time waste. Thus, it is essential to understand how drivers make decisions to select their parking lots. The estimation of models that reproduce parking driver's attitudes is crucial to improve the performance of parking facilities and transport systems. This study aims to understand the different behavioral considerations that rule the choice of drivers to choose one parking type among three alternatives: on-street parking, off-street parking and underground parking. For this purpose, we propose a multinomial logit model by using data obtained with a revealed preference surveys of drivers' parking type choices and associated factors in the city. Our findings provide authorities with additional perspectives for creating an efficient parking policy and associated land use planning. Indeed, to tackle the parking issue we had to pay attention to driver’s preferences regarding future parking supply options.

Driver's attitudes and preferences toward connected vehicle information system

Connected vehicle (CV) and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies enhance connectivity among vehicle, road user, and road infrastructure and can provide timely and concisely coordination information among drivers. Currently, there are far more studies on the technical aspects of V2X than on the demands of users. This study investigated the attitudes and preferences of drivers concerning the design of connected vehicle information system (CVIS) in this context. Focus group discussions followed by a questionnaire survey were conducted to gather driver's attitudes and preferences information. Results indicate that participants believed CVISs would help improve the efficiency of roadway communication, thereby improving safety, efficiency, and convenience of the overall traffic system. Visual warning signals and descriptive verbal speech were preferred over tactile warnings. Safety-related information (e.g., rescue services, reminding vehicle malfunction, and information about surroundings hazards) was valued most. Furthermore, age, gender, risk perception, privacy expectations, and technology inclination played essential roles in associating the attitudes toward CVISs. The outcome of this research provides an overview of the opinion of Chinese drivers toward CVISs and suggests practical implications regarding the design of CVISs for intelligent transportation.

Associations of visual functions with attitudes about motor vehicle dashboards among older drivers.

Proper understanding and interaction with the dashboard is an essential aspect of safely operating a motor vehicle. A portion of this task is dependent on vision, yet no published information exists regarding dashboard ergonomics and visual function. This study sought to associate visual functions and person abilities of dashboard ergonomic dimensions relevant to older driver design preferences and attitudes. In this population-based study of drivers, participants completed functional testing for habitual distance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field sensitivity, visual processing speed, and spatial ability. A questionnaire assessed attitudes and understanding of dashboard design, with questionnaire items generated from the content of focus groups of older drivers. Dashboard design domains identified in Rasch analysis of questionnaire responses were quantified using person ability measures for the cognitive processing, lighting, obstructions, and pattern recognition domains. Visual functions and person abilities were correlated using Spearman partial correlations, adjusting for age and sex. A total of 997 participants completed functional testing and the dashboard questionnaire. The mean age was 77.4 ± 4.6 years, and the majority were male (55%) and white (81%). The sample had a range of person abilities and visual functions. Contrast and visual field sensitivities were significantly associated with the cognitive processing, lighting, and pattern recognition dashboard design dimensions (p ≤ 0.0052). For all significant associations, increased visual function was indicative of better person ability. Visual processing speed, as measured by Trails B and UFOV2, was significantly associated with the lighting domain (p = 0.0008 and p = 0.0007, respectively). The UFOV2 measure was correlated with pattern recognition (p = 0.0165). Spatial ability was the only visual function associated with the visual obstruction dimension (p = 0.0347). Person ability for dashboard design domains are related to visual function in older drivers. Results show person ability for domains increased with improved visual function. Future automotive engineering and design initiatives should consider these associations in improving dashboard designs to increase vehicle utility and accessibility.

ATTITUDES AND DRIVING BEHAVIOR FACTORS ON THE TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS AMOUNG YOUNG MOTORCYCLIST IN SURABAYA CITY

The majority of traffic accidents in Surabaya are dominated by motorcycles and drivers which whom mostly were teenagers This study aims to examine the relationship between attitudes, driving behavior, and traffic accidents among young motorcyclist in Surabaya. The study used a primary dataset of 435 motorcyclists from 17to 25-year-old. This study uses a structural equation modelling approach to determine the relationship between attitudes towards risky driving behavior, driving behavior, and traffic accidents. The driving behavior parameters used are divided into six parameters: traffic errors, speed violations, control errors, traffic violations, safety violations, and stunts. The results of this study indicate that all driving behavior parameters are significantly influenced by the driver's attitude towards risky driving behavior. In which the parameters that have a significant effect on traffic accidents are traffic errors and traffic violations.

Improvement of hazard prediction accuracy after training: Moderation effect of driving self-efficacy and road safety attitudes of learner drivers

This paper explores effectiveness testing of a newly developed online hazard prediction training program for learner drivers. It also aims to evaluate the role of participants’ driving self-efficacy and road safety attitudes on program effectiveness. Eighty learner drivers who participated in standard driving training took part in the study. Forty-two of them were assigned to the experimental group and thirty-eight – to the control group. The experimental group was exposed to 2 × 45 min. intervention sessions delivered by a trained driver instructor in an online format. The scores of driving self-efficacy and road safety attitudes were assessed by self-reported measures at pre-test. The effectiveness of the program was tested by the improvement of Hazard prediction test accuracy from pre-test to post-test.Results reveal that hazard prediction skills improved only slightly in both experimental and control groups. The training effect occurs only for learner drivers who are men (effect size – d = 0.73), whereas no significant effect is found for women participants. The difference between pre-test and post-test variable does not correlate with either driving self-efficacy or road safety attitudes, therefore, the hypothesis of moderation effect is rejected.The new online program for hazard prediction skills improvement shows promising results for learner drivers, especially among men. The authors of the study advise a replication of the gender effect on the program effectiveness, and a gender-tailored alteration for the program.

Modeling effects of driver safety attitudes on traffic violations in China using the theory of planned behavior

Traffic violations are recognized as one of the main causes of traffic accidents and have been found to be closely associated with driver attitudes toward traffic safety. In this study, a modified theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used to model the effects of driver safety attitudes on traffic violations, based on a questionnaire survey of 1505 drivers in China. In light of the strong correlations between the observed items, the items of the TPB components were grouped into several parcels, using an item-parceling method. Parcel-based structural equation modeling was then used to operationalize the modified TPB. The results indicate that the proposed model can accurately predict the occurrence of traffic violations based on the observed items related to driver traffic safety attitudes. It was found that driver attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control significantly affect traffic violations. For predicting traffic violations, driver attitudes toward traffic safety policies had the greatest influence, followed by driver attitudes toward risky driving behaviors and the attitudes of others toward risky driving behaviors. Finally, suggestions on traffic enforcement and education to reduce traffic violations are proposed based on the results.

Development and Validation of Questionnaires on Professional Drivers' Knowledge and Attitudes About Various Medications' Influence on Driving Ability.

IntroductionProfessional drivers’ knowledge about driving-impairing medications is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to develop and test the reliability and validity of the questionnaires designed to measure the knowledge and attitude of professional drivers about the influence of various medications on driving ability.MethodsThe questionnaires for assessing professional driver’s knowledge (performance-based) and attitudes about influence of various medications on driving abilities were developed by creating the item pool, testing reliability and validity, and factor analysis. The study was conducted as a multicenter, cross-sectional study in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study population consisted of professional drivers, who filled out both questionnaires in three time intervals.ResultsBoth questionnaires showed great internal consistency and temporal stability. Cronbach’s Alpha for the first questionnaire was 0.984 and for the second it was 0.944. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test for the first questionnaire confirmed sampling adequacy with its value of 0.964 and for the second questionnaire it was 0.933. Exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire showed that three factors were revealed after rotation for the first questionnaire and they explained 78.0% of variance. Both questionnaires showed high degree of correlation between scores after the first and repeated administration, Spearman’s rho coefficient of correlation for was 0.962 and 0.980.ConclusionBased on the results of this study, we believe that both questionnaires are useful tools for testing professional drivers’ knowledge and attitudes about the influence of medications on driving ability.

Travellers’ perceptions about ride-hailing services in Lahore: An extension of the theory of planned behavior

The emergence of ride-hailing services has helped in providing on-demand and flexible mobility choices to the riders. In this research study, a questionnaire was designed based on the variables of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). This survey was conducted in Lahore city and a total of 531 samples were collected. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) methods. Results revealed that there is a significant change in model split after the emergence of ride-hailing services as many people have started using ride-hailing services. The reliability of the TPB variables was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha value i.e., more than 0.7 for all the variables of TPB. The attitudes, SN, and PBC are significant predictors of behavioral intentions. The PBC is directly and negatively correlated with behavior which depicts that the traveler's perceived difficulty has a negative influence on their behavioral outcomes. These significant results implicate that affordability, service flexibility, female safety and security, presence of relevant regulations, driver's attitude, and service temporal and spatial coverage are important dimensions of service quality for improvement. The safety and security aspects can be enhanced by regulating ride-hailing services through proper regulations and providing operational guidelines to the service providers.

Modelling of Truck Logistics Provider Based on Attitude of Truck Operators and Drivers: Mixed method approach

Modelling of Truck Logistics Provider Based on Attitude of Truck Operators and Drivers: Mixed method approach

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Face-Mask Use Amid the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic Among Public Transport Drivers in Gondar Town, A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly communicable virus that continues to interrupt livelihoods, predominantly those of low-income segments of society. For the prevention of respiratory infections like the current COVID-19 outbreak, face masks are considered an effective approach.Objective. This study intended to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of public transport drivers towards face mask use amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Gondar, Ethiopia.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 412 public transport drivers in Gondar town from July to September 2021. The study subjects were recruited using a simple random sampling technique after proportionally allocating the sample size from the total number of public transport drivers, and finally, study subjects were selected using the convenience sampling method to select the participant drivers working in Gondar Town. The data were collected by face-to-face interview administered questioners and an on-the-spot observational checklist.Results. A total of 412 public transport drivers have participated in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 32.75 years (±8.75 years). The majority of the participants were Bajaj drivers 193 (46.84%). Among the responders, 114 (27.67%) of them use radio to gather information about the pandemic and 50 (12.14%) of them had reported being caught by COVID-19. Meanwhile, only 32 (7.77%) were vaccinated against COVID-19. Drivers that had a diploma level of education were found to be 87.7% less knowledgeable than degree holders (AOR .123, 95% CI = .026, .573). Respondents that had good knowledge about COVID-19 and face masks were found to have 1.7 times more positive attitudes than those that had poor knowledge (AOR = 1.728, 95% CI = 1.150, 2.596). drivers whose family members have ever been caught by COVID-19 were found 2 times more likely to use face masks whenever they are working/driving (AOR = 2.173, 95% CI = 1.015, 4.652) than their counterparts.Conclusion. This study revealed a very low Knowledge, attitude, and practice of face mask use among public transport drivers in Gondar town. Periodic reinforcement and training programs are needed for all public transport drivers in each level for proper understanding and adherence to COVID-19 prevention protocols and the use of face masks.

Підвищення безпеки автомобільних перевезень автошляхами Черкаської області

The problem of ensuring the safety of movement on the Cherkasy region roads is being studied. The need to improve transportation safety and study the factors affecting it arose with the development of market-based methods of transport management, changes in the structure and management system of the transport industry of Ukraine. Such qualitative changes have led to the development in this field of new models, methods, methodologies of transportation safety management capable of comprehensively solving the problems of transportation organization, their legal, financial, and information support. In order to identify methods of improving road safety in the region, an in-depth analysis of the state of accidents in the territory of the General Directorate of the National Police in Cherkasy Region was conducted by types, causes, days of the week, time of traffic accidents, number of victims, number of dead, etc. Dangerous sections of highways were identified and an experimental study was conducted to identify the causes of traffic accidents. In the course of the experimental study, measurements were made that allow to calculate the speed of vehicles that, violating traffic rules, were overtaking on sections of highways with blind turns. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the main causes of traffic accidents are the violation of traffic rules, which is caused by the difference in traffic speeds in the flow and the unconscious attitude of drivers to the corresponding traffic situation. As a result of the conducted research, recommendations were provided for optimizing the organization of traffic on dangerous sections of highways. Namely, it is proposed to use the methodology of experimental research on other dangerous sections of the country's highways and to install dynamic traffic signs that will allow regulating the maximum permissible speed depending on the selected factors on the relevant sections, thereby reducing the speed difference in the flow of traffic and punishing violators for exceeding the speed limit. In addition, a very important element of improving safety on the country's highways is the dissemination of information programs on compliance with traffic rules among the country's youth. The proposed method is recommended to be used to reduce the number of road accidents, and accordingly, to reduce the number of victims of road accidents in the territory of Ukraine.

Adverse weather impact on driver performance in the UAE

Road traffic accident is a significant cause of death around the world. Many factors cause accidents, such as demographic factors, humane factors, road design factors, and weather factors. This paper will investigate the adverse weather impact on driver performance by analyzing the impact of weather conditions on drivers' behaviors. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA test, correlation analysis, and Artificial Neural Network. The data was collected using a questionnaire for the people live in the United Arab Emirates. The survey includes two parts; the first part is about driver characteristics (Gender, Age, Nationality, Marital status, Education level, Monthly income, and Driver experience). The second part contains three questions related to the reaction and attitude of drivers due to bad weather conditions. The results showed that 45% of drivers involved in accidents during bad weather conditions although the majority (more than 75%) of them reduced the speed during the bad weather conditions. Overall, more research is needed to be done to evaluate the dust impact on driver performance as well as using real traffic accident data and compare it with this study to reach a solid conclusion and recommend the best solutions to improve traffic safety.

International analysis on social and personal determinants of traffic violations and accidents employing logistic regression with elastic net regularization

While the number of road fatalities is declining in developed countries, it is still increasing globally, especially in middle-and low-income countries. In addition to the driver's individual awareness and attitude toward traffic safety, various factors such as the development of road infrastructure and the legal system may have a significant influence on the occurrence of traffic accidents. Thus, it is essential to consider these factors to enhance traffic safety and achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Targets of 3.6.In this study, we developed an Elastic Net Regression model to evaluate the factors that influence an individual's traffic violations and accidents based on an international questionnaire on traffic safety attitude, country fact survey data on traffic regulations, and other statistical databases. As a result, it was revealed that: i) In addition to country-level factors, the individual's attributes and attitudes toward traffic safety have an influence on the experience of traffic violations and accidents. and ii) While the same variables regarding individual attributes and attitudes are selected for both traffic violations and accidents, the selected variables relating to country factors differ between violations and accidents.

Environmental Attitude of Drivers in Alimosho Local Government Area, Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract This study examined the environmental attitude of drivers towards vehicle emission. The survey design that employed a five point Likert scale questionnaire and administered to 402 respondents (drivers) generated the data analysed. Data analysis involved descriptive and regression statistical tools. The results suggest that there was significant association between respondents’ sex, occupation, education and their environmental attitudes. A greater percentage (87. 3%) of the respondents was slightly more likely to agree that emissions from cars and trucks have serious impact on air quality. Majority (57.5%) of the respondents who were civil servants appeared to possess positive (favourable) attitudes towards the influence of emissions on the environment. Logistic regression suggest that respondents’ sex, occupation, education and vehicle’s purpose, income, age and social group significantly predicted their environmental attitudes. The study concludes that most of the sample possessed positive (favourable) environmental attitude towards vehicle emissions. This suggests that the environmental attitude of drivers towards emissions is not responsible for poor air quality. The policy implications of the findings include the need for the adoption of the polluter-pay-principle to reduce the volume of vehicles on our road, the necessity of promoting mass public transportation (such as the BRT and LAGBUS) as a way of reducing vehicle emission. Finally, sensitization program through social groups and schools is imperative.

Factors influencing willingness to pay for accident risk reduction among personal car drivers in Thailand.

Thailand ranks near the top for the road accident fatality rate worldwide, and more and more vehicles are being registered in Thailand every year. Obtaining the opinions of road commuters may help us reduce road accidents in Thailand. This study seeks to understand damage value in road accidents for personal car drivers in Thailand, using the willingness to pay approach and establishing factors affecting willingness to pay with the theory of planned behavior (TPB). This study obtained data using questionnaires in face-to-face interviews with 1,650 personal cars drivers in Thailand. The average willingness to pay (WTP) for 50% fatality or injury reduction was 23.00 baht/person/50 km trip (US $0.74/person/50 km trip). We obtained the value of statistical life (VSL), assessing this to fall between US $815,385 and US $872,942, and the value of statistical injury (VSI), between US $150,059 and US $160,652. Overall, national damage was assessed at US $4,701,981,170 annually. According to the analysis of factors affecting WTP, TPB comprises four factors, namely, driver attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention. Analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) found all mentioned factors were relevant and positively influenced personal car drivers’ WTP in Thailand, with a statistical significance at a 99% confidence interval (p < 0.01). This study can develop recommendations for relevant organizations to analyze the results as part of considerations regarding budget allocation and developments on road safety policy due to driver attitude as important as environmental factors or any other factors.

Investigating the attitudes of Egyptian drivers toward traffic safety

One of the main pillars for improving road safety in any country is a good understanding of traffic safety culture and the driving behavior of local drivers. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether Egyptian drivers differ in traffic safety attitudes and level of acceptance of risky driving behavior. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the driving cognition of the participants. An exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the number of factors that differentiated the three types of drivers. Then a hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to group the drivers with similar patterns of scores on the factors into clusters. Three driver clusters emerged: The drivers in cluster 1 were “drivers who rigidly followed regulations” (51.7%). The drivers in cluster 2 were “drivers who violated safety precautions” (23.3%). The drivers in cluster 3 were “drivers who had a tendency to violate regulations” (25.0%). A similarity between the social norms and personal attitudes of drivers was found. This can be explained by the high social norm of violating traffic laws, which can lead to more drivers accepting violations. The majority of the older drivers and drivers with no violations or traffic accident on their record in the past 2 years were in cluster 1. Cluster 2 had the highest proportion of young drivers who wore their seat belts and used hands-free phones while driving. Cluster 3 drivers accepted very dangerous violations, such as texting while driving, driving while intoxicated, and driving at very high speeds. They reported significantly more traffic accidents, but no more violations than the other two clusters. The results of this study can be used to improve road safety programs for education and enforcement in Egypt.