Components Of Attitudes Research Articles

Consumer Attitudes and Their Influence on Brand Choice: an Applied Study of the Content Analysis Technique

Objective: The study aims to analyze the brand choice process through consumer attitudes toward product attributes that are considered favorable or unfavorable when selecting brands. Theoretical Framework: The main theoretical line that underpins this work is the concept of attitude and its interrelated components: cognitive, affective, and conative, and how they are essential for brand choice. Method: This research methodology comprises a qualitative study of in-depth interviews using a script. Data were collected from 15 Brazilian women through individual interviews conducted in Miami. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that attitudes are crucial in brand choice. Considering the theoretical framework in the discussion section, these results are contextualized, highlighting the implications and relationships between attitude components and brands. The study's main limitations are the qualitative methods and sampling constraints. Research Implications: This research's practical and theoretical implications are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied to or influence consumer behavior practices. These implications may encompass the study of brand choice and loyalty and the practical application of content analysis methods. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by reflecting on the importance of attitudes in understanding brand choice. The detailed demonstration of content analysis highlights the relevance and value of the research methods employed.

Street-level bureaucrats’ attitudes towards clients in discretionary decision-making: Evidence from the Norwegian labour and welfare administration

It is commonly assumed that the attitudes of street level bureaucrats (SLBs) towards benefit recipients influence the discretionary decisions they make. Although discretion in the policy process has been a contentious issue, the impact of bureaucrats’ attitudes has received limited scholarly attention. This study investigates the impact of attitudes on discretionary decision-making and whether the impact of attitudes is conditioned by the SLBs’ perception of recipients’ conduct, when sanctioning non-compliance of requirements among social assistance recipients. The study employs survey data from 925 bureaucrats within the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration, measuring four attitude components: cognitive, positive affective, negative affective, and behavioral attitudes. A vignette experiment allows assessing how sensitive discretionary decision-making is to SLBs’ perceptions of recipient conduct. The findings indicate that cognitive attitudes significantly impact discretionary decision-making and are sensitive to SLBs’ perceptions of the recipients’ personal responsibility. Prejudiced cognitive attitudes (viewing recipients as dishonest, manipulative, unpredictable, or stubborn) are associated with a greater tendency to attribute non-compliance to a lack of willingness, irrespective of external circumstances. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of discretionary decision-making and sheds light on the complex dynamics between SLBs’ attitudes and their perceptions of client attributes, offering new insight for public policy and administration.

ICT and academic achievement in secondary education: A hierarchical linear modelling

AbstractBackgroundThe unprecedented access to information in the 21st century entails a deep understanding of information and communication technology (ICT)‐related factors in education and their impacts on learning and teaching. The role of attitudes towards ICT is a proven factor in student achievement. However, there is no consensus about the direction of this impact.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the relationship between student attitudes towards ICT including interest in ICT (INTICT), perceived ICT competence (COMPICT), perceived autonomy related to ICT use (AUTICT) and ICT in social interaction (SOIAICT), and their achievement scores for mathematics, reading, and science by analysing student‐, school‐, and country‐level factors hierarchically in the quartiles of performance.MethodsThe study group was determined as 300,279 15‐year‐old students from 21,903 schools in 53 countries. Descriptive and correlational analyses were carried out in addition to the hierarchical linear modelling (HLM) employed to reveal the relationship between attitudes towards ICT and academic achievement in mathematics, reading, and science through the investigation of student‐, school‐, and country‐level factors hierarchically in the quartiles of performance.Results and ConclusionsThe results detected moderate to weak relationships among the constructs of INTICT, COMPICT, AUTICT and SOIAICT. Based on the HLM findings, complex interactions between ICT attitudes and academic performance were identified with a tendency towards positive associations between specific attitude components and high achievement levels, particularly in mathematics and science. The research identified the significance of considering student‐, school‐, and country‐level factors for high, above‐average, below‐average, and low achievers to comprehensively understand the role of ICT attitudes in shaping educational outcomes.TakeawaysPolicymakers should design educational policies, subject‐specific strategies and ICT‐related interventions by considering the multifaceted factors influencing student performance across different subjects and achievement quartiles. Particularly at the school and country levels, contextual factors should be evaluated when designing interventions to support low achievers.

Relationally competent attitudes and actions: a systematic review of general practice literature

Objective To explore core elements from Teachers’ Relational Competence in general practice literature regarding building relationships in consultations, specifying actions doctors take to create and maintain relationship quality with patients. This systematic literature review aims to map and propose a similar framework for the doctor-patient relationship. Background The doctor-patient relationship, a well-researched yet complex field, often lacks clear descriptions. In recent definitions of patient-centred medicine, the responsibility of this relationship falls on the doctor, though how both relationship and responsibility is enacted needs clarification. Pedagogical literature on the student-teacher relationship provides a framework for relational competence, incorporating the needs and interactions between teacher and student and their alignment with institutional goals. Methods A systematic review of two databases yielded 1256 hits. After screening, 15 studies were included and assessed. A qualitative synthesis was conducted through iterative and thematic deductive analysis. Results Four relationally competent attitudes identified were: Attention to emotion, Devotion, Mentalization, and Time-oriented presence. Four relationally competent actions identitfied were: Being open, Attunement, Offering Support, and Using humor. Additionally, Trust and Continued connectedness were found as components of both attitudes and actions. Conclusion An explanatory framework for professional relational competence for GPs includes concrete actions and specific attitudes before and during consultations. These consist of four key attitudes and four categories of actions with several subgroups of actions. Two additional components to the framework was found.

Verbal triggers of positive emotions as a tool for forming the emotional component of schoolchildren’s value attitude towards other people

Importance. Building students’ value-based attitudes towards other people is an important goal of the modern educational process. This kind of attitude includes three aspects (cognitive, emotional and behavioural). The research focuses on the development of the emotional aspect of the valuebased attitude towards other people. The author analyses how verbal means affect people’s emotions and how these means can be used to create positive emotions in the process of building the emotional aspect of the value-based attitude towards other people in schoolchildren.Research Methods. The study uses an analytical review of the scientific and methodological literature on pedagogy; lexical, morphological and stylistic analyses of verbal structures are used.Results and Discussion. Verbal triggers are designed by the author in order to evoke positive emotions in schoolchildren towards the people around them. The examples of exercises with verbal triggers of tenderness and admiration for extra-curricular classes, or course on emotional intelligence, or as part of academic lessons, are also designed by the author.Conclusion. The research results can be used in the process of organising complex work on the formation of the emotional component of the value attitude towards people, as well as for further theoretical research on the issues of emotional learning and moral education in general.

Investigating the Effect of Educational Intervention on Postpartum Health Attitudes and Behaviors in Women Referring to Health Centers in Qom Province, Iran

Background and Objectives: Postpartum is one of the most critical and dangerous periods in the life of a mother and a newborn. The health behaviors of mothers are influenced by their attitudes. Some attitudes act like dams against receiving health care. The health behaviors of mothers can be improved through education, increasing public awareness, and correcting attitudes. The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of educational intervention on the attitudes and behaviors of mothers referring to health and treatment centers in Qom Province, Iran. Methods: This qualitative study investigates the attitudes and behaviors of mothers during the postpartum period. It is an educational intervention conducted on 110 mothers during their postpartum period. The mothers were selected by available sampling from the health and treatment centers of Qom Province and were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention took four months, and the education was conducted in four sessions using educational clips, lectures, posters, and pamphlets. The follow-up feedback was accomplished until 42 days after delivery. Results: After the educational intervention, significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups in the components of health attitudes and behaviors, including maternal behaviors, nutritional behaviors, and infant-related behaviors of mothers in the postpartum period (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that multimedia educational intervention, along with individual counseling and continuous communication with mothers, has a positive effect on their health attitudes and behaviors in the postpartum period.

Exploring attitudes toward ChatGPT among college students: An empirical analysis of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components using path analysis

The advent of generative artificial intelligence (AI) applications, such as ChatGPT, has significantly impacted various aspects of human life, including higher education. This study explores university students' attitudes toward ChatGPT, focusing on the cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of attitudes, on the basis of Mitcham's philosophical framework of attitudes toward technology. A total of 595 university students from six public and private universities in northern Peru participated in an online survey. The results of the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that the affective component (β = 0.672∗∗∗) and the cognitive component (β = 0.260∗∗) positively influence the behavioral component of students' attitudes when ChatGPT is used. Moreover, the cognitive component (β = 0.931∗∗∗) positively influences the affective component of students' attitudes. However, gender and age did not have significant moderating effects on the relationships between the cognitive and affective components and the behavioral component. The discussion highlights that these findings contribute to understanding the psychological mechanisms underlying the adoption of ChatGPT in educational settings and offer valuable guidance for implementing this technology in teaching and learning processes. In conclusion, this study represents a significant advancement in comprehending attitudes toward generative AI technologies in higher education and opens new avenues for future research in this field.

Attitude of Drugstore Entrepreneurs Towards on the Development Drugstores to GPP Standard

The objectives of this research were to study the components of attitude, including the Cognitive, opinions, and behavioral trends towards the development of quality pharmacies that meet GPP standards, this was a study in accordance with the pharmacy standard requirements of the Ministry of Public Health, To be used to create a tool to collect information from 60 drugstore Entrepreneurs in Luang Prabang city, by using SPSS statistical software to help calculate. Analyze data and explain the results according to the objectives of the study. The results of the study found that Most drugstore businesses in Luang Prabang are drugstores that were established as private enterprises and use their own funds in the first-class pharmacy category, The business has been in business for between 7-9 years, provide technical services yourself, it was open for business as usual from morning to evening and was a store located in the municipality. The pharmacy Entrepreneurs in Luang Prabang city had a high cognitive about the pharmacy standard. In this regard, the pharmacy Entrepreneurs have a mediocre level of knowledge and understanding about the pharmacy data storage system; As for opinions on quality pharmaceutical standards (GPP), overall, there was a high level of agreement in all aspects. For the behavioral trend of pharmacy Entrepreneurs in Prabang city towards the development of quality pharmacy (GPP) with most of them didn’t wanting to develop their own pharmacy to become a quality pharmacy (GPP). The reason being: There was still no readiness for expenses in improving and developing the store, which will cause the cost of selling drugs to increase. And currently, customers in Luang Prabang still don’t give importance to this aspect as they should. The results of the logistic regression analysis as follows in the standard of development as a quality pharmacy (GPP) all include 5 aspects, there is only one aspect by service provision and participation with community and society that have a relationship and effect on the development requirements as a quality pharmacy (GPP) at a 95% reliability level.

A sustainable step forward: Exploring factors influencing the purchase intentions towards remanufactured products using fsQCA

The rapid advancement of industrialization has led to a growing concern about resource shortages and environmental pollution. Sustainable manufacturing practices, particularly in the context of remanufactured products, have been extensively researched from the B2B perspective. Comparatively fewer studies have examined consumer behavior in the context of remanufactured electrical appliances. This study merges components from the Theory of Planned Behavior and Protection Motivation Theory with additional variables into a framework for predicting purchase intentions. Noting the complex, asymmetric nature of causation, an asymmetrical configurational approach using fsQCA is used for analysis. Data were collected form 411 consumers in the U.K using quota sampling technique. The findings show that both components of attitude (experiential and instrumental) as well as a high threat appraisal (perceived severity and vulnerability) are present in all configurations predicting high purchase intention. Self-efficacy and response efficacy are also important conditions present in many configurations. The paper ends with some novel insights on consumer behavior with respect to remanufactured products, and a discussion of theoretical and managerial implications.

Consumer perspective on the recycling process. Social media analysis of RetuRO

Purpose This study aims to analyze the attitude of consumers toward the recycling process, especially toward the manner of its promotion through social media platforms. Design/methodology/approach Using social media analysis, the authors analyzed the posts on the RetuRO page on Facebook. The results showed us that the first posts started in January, the recycling program and the guarantee return systems implementation have been active in the stores since November 30. Thus, the posts from each month were analyzed, observing that at the beginning of the program, the posting frequency was higher (8–10 posts/month), whereas in 2024, the frequency registered a slight decrease. Findings This paper reflects two facets of consumer attitudes: if at the beginning of the recycling program, the feeling expressed was one of delight and satisfaction because customers had the opportunity to get rid of plastic or glass packaging, respectively aluminum cans, thus contributing to protecting the environment, with the development of the program, their opinions changed. The problems generated by the difficulty of recycling, and the technically deficient aspects of the devices led to a paradigm shift and the manifestation of a negative component of consumer attitudes. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first carried out in Romania that analyses the influence of the RetuRO platform in the recycling process carried out in our country using social media analysis.

Adolescents in transition: experiences and appraisals of immigrant students in school education

ABSTRACT Compulsory secondary education is constituted as a stage of high risk or academic vulnerability for the immigrant population. This multiple case study examines difficulties and opportunities faced by seventeen immigrant schoolchildren in compulsory schooling education cycles as elucidated by the evaluative resources they employ as they construct a narrative discourse shaped by academic-professional transitions and expectations. Specifically, we focus on the semantic-discursive component of attitude, analysing its three levels of appraisal: affect, judgement, and appreciation. We conducted in-depth interviews with immigrants attending public high school in Chile and a collective participatory methodology, both of a biographical-narrative nature. The findings highlight the influence of various influential factors on student trajectories: the characteristics of the host country, the challenges posed by the pandemic, family support, racism, the role of teachers, and academic-professional aspirations. Regarding the obstacles, racist bullying is identified between the end of primary school and the beginning of secondary school, which coincides with the results of the literature reviewed. Regarding opportunities, the influential adult figure represented by parents and teachers is positioned as a decisive protective support in the development and progress of educational transitions. Similarly, the configuration of high academic-professional expectations functions as a predictor of educational success.

The Influence of English Language Exposure on Language Attitudes and Identity among Chinese Youth

This research aims to examine the influence of exposure to the English language on the linguistic attitudes and identity of Chinese students. The analysis examines the characteristics of respondents according to their gender, academic program, and socio-economic background. It evaluates their level of English exposure via formal education, media consumption, digital communication, literature, social interactions, travel experiences, self-study, and familial influences. Although English exposure is typically considered reasonably beneficial, the research reveals significant disparities depending on gender and socio-economic level. The impact of English exposure on emotional components of language attitudes is moderate, whereas its influence on cognitive, evaluative, social, perceptual, and contextual elements is relatively modest. The research also demonstrates that English exposure substantially impacts students' identity, namely in terms of historical and cultural background, language preference, and regional identification. Furthermore, a modest but favorable association exists between exposure to English and the general sense of self among Chinese students. At the same time, formal schooling and social contacts have a more significant impact. Based on these results, the research proposes customized language programs, immersive experiences, and various learning resources to improve English acquisition and its influence on students' identities.

University Students’ Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence: An Exploratory Study of the Cognitive, Emotional, and Behavioural Dimensions of AI Attitudes

Artificial intelligence (AI) drives new modes of learning and improves the workflow of instructors. Nevertheless, there are concerns about academic integrity, plagiarism, and the reduction of critical thinking in higher education. Therefore, it is important to record and analyze university social sciences students’ attitudes toward AI, which is a significant predictor of later use of AI technologies. A sample of 190 university students (82.45% female) from a Greek social sciences department was selected. Descriptive statistics revealed that students’ attitudes toward AI were mostly positive. A principal components analysis confirmed a three-component solution of attitudes toward AI, comprising cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dimensions. Comparative analysis of the three components indicated that the emotional dimension was the highest ranked, followed by the cognitive and behavioral dimensions. Pairwise correlation analyses revealed that the strongest correlate of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional components of attitudes toward AI was the future frequency of AI use, followed by general feelings of safety with technology. In conclusion, students display more emotional and cognitive favorable dispositions toward AI. The social background of the students and the prospective future use of AI play a key role in the formulation of attitudes toward AI. University educators need to provide more teaching and learning about AI to improve students’ attitudes toward AI and future AI use.

Connecting the Dots with Causal Attitude Network (CAN): A Psychological Network Approach to Populist Attitudes, Nativism, Conspiracy Mentality and Threat Appraisals

ABSTRACT This methodological paper uses a new conceptualization of attitudes, the Causal Attitude Network (CAN) model, to investigate populism and nativism. The CAN model conceptualizes attitudes as a complex system of interrelated factors and captures different attitude components’ interplay and mutual dependence. Drawing on two previously collected, representative datasets (N 1 = 8046, N 2 = 2030) from 15 European countries, we estimated the networks structure of populist attitudes (PA), nativism, conspiracy mentality, threat appraisals, and demographics. Besides confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and exploratory factor analyses (EFA), our general procedure included the estimation of Mixed Graphical Models (MGMs) with LASSO Regularization and the Extended Bayesian Information Criterion (EBIC), before we analyzed our network models with the Walktrap algorithm and Network Comparison Test (NCT). A cluster analysis based on different algorithms (hierarchical, clara, pam) divided the countries into two clusters, while the main difference between them was how the networks related to perceiving politicians as corrupt elites. To gain a deeper understanding of the PA scale, we investigated it from a network perspective. We found that the PA network of Turkey (a hybrid case of religious-conservative and nationalist-authoritarian) differed the most from all other countries under investigation.

Camouflaged prejudice and the affirmation of skin colour differences: assessment of racism among Brazilian undergraduate dental students.

The negative oral health outcomes of disadvantaged racial groups have been well-documented, as racial disparity in oral health persists over time and in different locations1. However, it is important to note that skin colour has no biological meaning, and the observed differences can be physiological expressions of social injustice such as racism. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the association between levels of modern racism (camouflaged prejudice and affirmation of differences) and sociodemographic characteristics of Brazilian dental students. Material and Method: An epidemiological cross-sectional online survey was conducted on 441 Brazilian undergraduate dental students using Google Forms. Participants were recruited via emails and social media, using the snowball technique. The Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies (CROSS) was followed. The survey used sociodemographic variables, and the Brazilian version of the Modern Racism Scale (B-MRS), which measures the cognitive component of subtle racial attitudes. The scale assesses the central notion of disguised prejudice and has two domains: 'denial of prejudice' and 'affirmation of differences'. Participants' self-declared skin colour was categorized as "white" and "non-white" (black, brown, indigenous, yellow). Univariate analysis and Poisson regression with robust variance were applied. Results: Participants' mean age was 24.1 years (±5.4). Most participants were self-declared as white (54%) and 46% as non-white skin colour. Higher B-MRS overall-scores were observed in male (p=0.008) and non-white (p=0.002) students. B-MRS scores for the domain 'affirmation of differences' (representation of those who believe that whites and non-whites are truly different) were higher among male dental students (PR=1.138; CI 95%: 1.019-1.271) and those from low-income families (PR=1.306; CI 95%: 1.089-1.565). Scores for the domain 'denial of prejudice' (the idea that non-whites use their race to receive legal benefits) were higher among male dental students (PR=1.328; CI 95%: 1.129-1.562). Conclusions: In general, male non-white students had higher modern racism indicators. Male students from low-income families believed that whites and non-whites are truly different, accounting for the affirmation of difference in this sample.

COVID-19 infection prevention and control program for aged care providers: a quasi-experimental study of Telegram-based training

ABSTRACT Given the high turnover of care workers in residential aged care facilities, continuous training on infection prevention and control (IPC) remains essential even after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the impact of a Telegram-based training on aged care providers’ IPC knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy. A two-arm, pre-post quasi-experimental study with repeated measures at week 2 (T1) and week 4 (T2) was conducted for seventy-two (72) participants from 14 residential aged care facilities in Malaysia, with 60 completing the study (30 per arm). All instructional activities and data collection for both groups were delivered through Telegram. The intervention group received a 2-day synchronous workshop (3 h/day) alongside e-materials for a 10-unit IPC module. Primary outcomes were measured using a knowledge test, COVID-19 Elderly Caregiver Questionnaire (attitude component), and an adapted General Self-Efficacy Scale. Telegram’s acceptability was also assessed using an adapted Technology Acceptance Model questionnaire. Results showed that the intervention group had a faster knowledge transfer (91.3%–93.5%; T0-T2 = ∆22.9; p ≤ .002;), higher knowledge scores (∆7.2–16; p ≤ .002; large effect sizes 0.9–1.7), and a small-to-modest increments in self-efficacy (∆13.2; p = .002) and attitude (∆5.2; p = .045). Integrating synchronous sessions into an online program improved knowledge transfer, enhanced self-efficacy and promoted positive attitudes by enabling real-time interpersonal communication and instant feedback. Telegram proved effective for mobile learning in aged care settings with limited resources.

Chinese older adult educators’ attitudes toward aging and turnover intention: burnout as a mediator

ABSTRACT In the 21st century, with the spread of lifelong education and the increase in the aging population, the need for learning among older people has increased, resulting in a shortage of teachers for older learners. A literature review of both Western and Eastern cultures revealed that the turnover or shortage of older adult educators may be related to their attitudes toward aging and burnout. To confirm this hypothesis, this paper examines the mediating effect of burnout on the relationship between attitudes toward aging and turnover intentions among Chinese older adult educators. The Attitudes toward Aging Questionnaire, Turnover Intention Questionnaire, and Burnout Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Finally, a total of 774 samples from Shanghai, China, were analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results revealed that when three components of attitudes toward aging, i.e. psychological growth, physical change, and psychosocial loss, are considered, burnout in Chinese older adult educators fully mediates the relationship between psychosocial loss and turnover intention, which means that if Chinese older adult educators suffer considerable psychosocial loss, burnout increases, leading to increased turnover intention. In other words, the negative experience of psychosocial loss can be decreased through a holistic approach to teaching aging along with intergenerational interaction, which in turn reduces burnout and decreases the intention to leave. Future follow-up studies should focus on how to develop a holistic teaching curriculum to facilitate the practical implementation of the findings of this research. We believe that this research can be beneficial with regard to attempts to address the shortage of older adult educators and promote teacher development in the context of older adult education.

Development and Initial Validation of the Death Attitudes in Relationships Scale

AbstractRelationships with close relatives, friends, and future generations should be critical in a collective society; therefore, the fear of separation from others, and care for others, must be core components of attitudes concerning death. However, such relational attitudes toward death have been insufficiently investigated. This study develops a new psychological scale for assessing death attitudes considering relationships with loved ones and future generations. In Study 1, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis using data from 477 Japanese adults. The results revealed a five‐factor structure of the Death Attitudes in Relationships Scale (DARS) and confirmed its internal consistency, convergent validity, and test–retest reliability. In Study 2 (N = 380), we demonstrated the goodness‐of‐fit indices for the factor structure and further verified the construct validity, considering relationships with other variables. As such, we confirmed the validity and reliability of the DARS. The DARS can be used to reexamine the previous, accumulated findings using the existing scale.

Trust in E-government among Youth in the Bethlehem Governorate and Perceptions of Tax Compliance

This article aims to investigate the attitudes of youngsters about trust in E-government and how those sentiments relate to their predicted tax attitudes. The majority of earlier research examined the nature and consequences of adult confidence in E-governments, and the perspectives of youngsters are not taken into account in tax compliance studies. In order to verify the components of youngsters attitudes of tax compliance and trust in the E-government, data from 150 youngsters from Bethlehem Governorate using questionnaires. Youngsters between the ages of 18 and 22 were the target demographic. The returned questionnaires were examined and 120 questionnaires were valid for analysis, and the data were analyzed using the Smart PLS program. The results of this study demonstrate that trust in E-government has a positive and statistically significant impact on youngsters’ perceptions of tax compliance. The originality and scientific contribution of this research lie in its focus on youngsters' trust in E-government and its impact on tax compliance, a less-studied area.

Beyond The Classroom: Empowering Social Care Character Through Islamic Education Via Student Executive Board

Islamic Education (IE) in Higher Education is a compulsory course in Indonesia. However, it still dominantly assesses the cognitive aspect, while the learning competency of Islamic Education aims to form the religious character and social attitudes of students. Therefore, this study aims to develop indicators of student social care integrated with student organization activities. The indicator of social concern that has been validated and meets the content validity score will be used as a measuring tool for the attitude and skill components of students in Islamic Education learning. The process of developing indicators of social care integrated into student organization activities requires the ADDIE model development research method (Analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, but in this study, there are only three stages: the first needs analysis, the second planning, and third development. The research subjects were students and lecturers of Islamic Education at Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, and Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Data collection tools are questionnaires, interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis used the Aikens Index and inter-rater reliability to see the suitability of the content of the indicator with the theory used and to see the agreement of experts in assessing the developed social care indicators. The results of the research based on the needs analysis by surveying 25 students from student organization members in three universities through quota, purposive sampling, and interviews found that 80% of students were involved in BEM social activities, and 72% of students agreed to integrate social activities of student organizations in PAI learning. The results of the Aiken Index content validity test of six skill indicators and four social care attitude indicators were a minimum score of 0.83 and a highest score of 0.91. The reliability test result is 0.64. These results indicate that three experts have agreed upon the content of social care indicators, and then it is feasible to construct a validity test to find out the indicators developed that can measure students' social attitudes and skills using the theory used.