Attention Problems Research Articles

Teacher-Rated Mental Health of Siblings of Children with Chronic Disorders

AbstractSiblings of children with chronic disorders are at a heightened risk for internalizing and externalizing problems. Studies on sibling mental health typically use parent report, and sometimes sibling self-report, but do not include the perspectives of teachers. We investigated how teachers and parents in Norway rated sibling mental health to gain a more coherent picture of siblings’ well-being and functioning across the home and school contexts. We compared how siblings aged 8–16 years (45% boys, 54% girls) were scored on the strengths and difficulties questionnaire by teachers (n = 125), mothers (n = 115), and fathers (n = 81) with population norms and clinical cutoffs. For boys, the mean teacher scores did not indicate problems for total difficulties or any subscale except hyperactivity–inattention, but mean parent scores were higher for total difficulties and most subscales (d = .44 to .96). For girls, teachers indicated higher than norm scores for total difficulties, emotional problems, hyperactivity–inattention and peer problems (d = .26 to .46), while parents indicated higher total difficulties and problems across most subscales (d = .31 to .54). Prosocial behavior was as a relative strength of siblings across all raters. Siblings may not display the same level of mental health problems in school as at home, and teachers can offer an important perspective on siblings’ mental health and functioning.

The Association of Lifestyle Factors and Attention Problems in Adolescents

OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the associations between lifestyle factors such as physical activity, sleep patterns, media usage, and diet, and attention problems in adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 4,370 adolescents aged 13-18 years in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Lifestyle factors were assessed using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System questionnaire, while attention problems were evaluated with the Youth Self-Report (YSR) Attention Problems subscale. Associations were analyzed using univariable and multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS Media use exceeding two hours per day was significantly asso-ciated with clinical attention problems (aOR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.81-5.71). Additionally, increased media use (b = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.19-0.28, p < 0.01), and high soft drinks consumption (b = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.12-0.26, p < 0.01) were positively associated with higher attention problem scores. Conversely, active physical activity (b = -0.09, 95% CI: -0.13 to -0.05, p < 0.01), adequate sleep (b = -0.26, 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.19, p < 0.01), regular breakfast intake (b = -0.09, 95% CI: -0.12 to -0.05, p < 0.01), vegetable consumption (b = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.13 to -0.02, p = 0.01), and milk consumption (b = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.11 to -0.01, p = 0.03) were negatively associated with attention problems scores. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the significant impact of lifestyle factors on attention problems among adolescents. These findings support the integration of lifestyle modifications into the assessment and manage-ment of attention issues in this age group, particularly emphasizing the need to reduce excessive media use. KEYWORDS lifestyle factors, dietary patterns, attention problems, ADHD, adolescence

Development and validation of the caregiver-report version of the international depression questionnaire (IDQ-CG) and international anxiety questionnaire (IAQ-CG).

The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ) are self-report measures of ICD-11 single episode depressive disorder (DD) and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). The present study sought to describe the development and psychometric evaluation of the caregiver-report versions of the IDQ and IAQ for children, referred to as the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG, respectively. Participants were 639 parents living in Ukraine who provided data on themselves and one child in their household as part of "The Mental Health of Parents and Children in Ukraine Study: 2023 Follow-up" study. The latent structure of the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), composite reliability (CR) estimates were estimated, and convergent validity was assessed. Prevalence rates of probable ICD-11 DD and GAD were also estimated. CFA results indicated that the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG were unidimensional, while the internal reliability of both scales was excellent. Convergent validity was established via associations with external measures of internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems as well as trauma exposure. Factors associated with increased IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG scores included pharmacological support for emotional or behavioural problems, delayed milestone development, being forced to move to another part of Ukraine, serious life disruption due to the war, and having experienced a bereavement. Of the total sample, 1.6% met diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 DD and 5.8% met diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 GAD. This study supports the psychometric properties of the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG. These measures can be effectively used to identify young people in need of mental health support.

Intraindividual Variability in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Ex-Gaussian Approach.

Higher intraindividual variability (IIV) of response times is consistently noted in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current study investigated whether an ex-Gaussian estimate of IIV in children ages 6-13 years-old could differentiate between children with and without ADHD. Children completed a computerized go/no-go task to estimate trial-by-trial IIV and a continuous performance test (CPT) to estimate inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Parents completed questionnaires assessing inattention and hyperactive/impulsive behaviors. IIV, commission errors, and attention problems as rated by parents were significantly greater in the ADHD group. Groups did not differ on errors of omission, but IIV was predictive of omission errors and parent ratings of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. IIV predicted group membership (ADHD vs Control) whereas errors of omission did not. However, IIV did not improve diagnostic accuracy when parent ratings were used, such that parent ratings were superior at determining diagnosis. Current results support the use of IIV, based on the ex-Gaussian approach, as an objective measure of attention problems over omission errors on sustained attention CPT-type tasks. Additionally, while parent ratings of attention impairment remain the best predictor of ADHD diagnostic status, IIV may be helpful in determining when further assessment is required in the absence of those ratings.

A video object segmentation-based fish individual recognition method for underwater complex environments

Currently, aquaculture methods tend to combine scale and intelligence, which saves manpower and improves the survival rate of seafood at the same time. High-precision and high-efficiency fish individual recognition can provide key technical support for fish disease detection, feeding habits, body condition, etc. In the realm of intelligent aquaculture, it provides robust data support for precision fish farming. However, the current research methods for individual fish recognition struggle to maintain the network model's focus on the fish body in real marine underwater complex environments (e.g., environmental background interference such as coral reefs, overlap between fish bodies, light noise, etc.), leading to unsatisfactory recognition results. To this end, this paper proposes a method for fish individual recognition in underwater complex environments based on video object segmentation, which consists of three parts, including a fish individual segmentation detection module, a fish individual recognition module, and an all-in-one visualization module. The work adopts a combination of deep learning methods and video object segmentation algorithms to solve the problem of low attention and poor detection accuracy of fish individuals in real underwater complex environments, which effectively improves the accuracy and efficiency of fish individual recognition, and analyzes and discusses the comparison of recognition effects using different weights. The results of the simulation experiments show that the key metric Rank1 value of the method achieves more than 96% accuracy on the public datasets DlouFish, WideFish, and the Fish-seg dataset produced in this paper, and improves over the state-of-the-art methods for fish individual recognition by 2.23%, 1.33%, and 1.25%, respectively.

From the Socio-Psychological Aspects of Digitalization to the Reflection of the Nature of the Word Phenomenon

In connection with the ongoing processes of social transformation, informatization and digitalization, there is a tendency to increase emotional tension and anxiety in society. Studies of the impact of digitalization on the security of the individual and society, analysis of the positive and negative aspects of digitalization are relevant. Part of the population is afraid of depersonalization, replacing the name with a digital code. Against this background, the search for a philosophical understanding of the word, as well as the name, is actualized in a comparative analysis with a digit and a digital designation, the problem of attention to the word as a spiritual phenomenon and cultural historical value is posed. Thus, the process of digitalization is a complex cultural, historical and socio-psychological phenomenon. At the personal level, the realization of personal freedom and responsibility in choosing worldview values and aspirations contributes to reducing frustration in an era of change, at the social level it is important to maintain the priority of spiritual values and meanings, where the word should remain as the highest ability that distinguishes a person from the world of animals and things.

Measuring Children's Reward and Punishment Sensitivity: An Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Contingency Response Rating Scale.

Existing research shows that children's responses to rewards and punishments are essential for understanding attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and callous-unemotional traits. The present study developed the Contingency Response Rating Scale (CRRS) to fulfill the need for a reliable and valid measure of children's contingency response style that is brief, easy to use in applied settings, and provides additional information to existing clinical measures. We examined the psychometric properties of the CRRS in a sample of 196 children (ages 5-12), most of whom were referred to evaluate attention and behavior problems in an outpatient clinic. Using principal axis factoring, we identified five factors: (a) punishment ineffectiveness, (b) reward ineffectiveness, (c) punishment dysregulation, (d) reward dysregulation, and (e) contingency insensitivity. The subscales based on these factors showed acceptable test-retest and internal consistency reliability, and scale intercorrelations varied from low to moderate. The subscales also captured significant variance not explained by child or parent demographics and were associated with measures of psychopathology and impairment. The results provide preliminary evidence that the CRRS may be a helpful tool for assessing reward and punishment sensitivity in children with attention and behavior problems.

Identifying Children and Adolescents at Elevated Mental Health Risk Before and During COVID-19.

To determine whether the prevalence of psychosocial risk in children and adolescents changed from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether these changes differed by age group, sex, and season, based on a standardized psychosocial measure completed as a routine part of primary care. Children and adolescents aged 5.5 to 17.9 years were screened with a parent report Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17P) between November 2017 and June 2022. Changes in the prevalence of psychosocial risk (global, internalizing, externalizing, and attention scales) from before to during the pandemic were compared by age group, sex, and season. In a sample of 459,767 health supervision visits, the prevalence of PSC-17P global, internalizing, and attention risk worsened significantly from before to during the pandemic, especially among female adolescents (ages 12.0-17.9). For a pediatrician seeing a hypothetical sample of 1000 adolescent girls, the expected number at risk would have increased from 103 to 131 on the global scale (26.6% increase), from 189 to 231 on the internalizing subscale (22.0% increase), and from 60 to 82 on the attention subscale (35.7% increase). Seasonality had a large effect, with significantly lower PSC-17P risk in the summer every year. Data from a large, national sample of pediatric visits suggested that global, internalizing, and attention concerns increased slightly overall from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, with different patterns by age group and sex. Adolescent girls showed substantially increased global, internalizing, and attention problems. These increases support the need for further research and additional individual and system-level interventions.

A follow-up study of peer relationships in autistic and non-autistic youths: Mediating effects from autistic, emotional and behavioral symptoms

BackgroundLittle is known about how clinical features prospectively influence peer relationships in autistic populations. AimsThis study investigated the clinical symptoms mediating the link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis and peer relationships at follow-up, i.e. the second time evaluation of this study. MethodsThe sample consisted of 366 autistic youths and 134 non-autistic comparisons. The autistic traits and emotional/behavioral problems were measured at baseline by Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The interactions and problems with peers were assessed by the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents (SAICA) at follow-up. ResultsEach subscore of SRS and CBCL showed significant mediation effects. Multiple mediation analyses showed atypical social communication, social awareness problems, and delinquent behaviors mediated the link from ASD to less active peer interactions after controlling for sex, age, and IQ. Moreover, atypical social communication, social-emotional problems, and attention difficulties predicted problems with peers. After considering these mediation effects, the diagnosis of ASD still demonstrated a significantly direct effect on peer relationships at follow-up. Conclusions and implicationsOur findings support that social-related autistic features, attention problems, and delinquent behaviors mediated a link between ASD and peer relationships. These mediators are potential measures for improving interactions and decreasing difficulties with peers in the autistic population.

Association Between Screen Time Before the Age of 2 and Preschool Cognitive Development

Science argues that a toddler is expected to speak about at least 50 clear words by the age of two. However, infants’ language delay and inattention have become a phenomenon globally. The phenomenon has attracted the attention of researchers worldwide to explore the factors and their negative impact on toddlers and preschoolers. Many researchers have proven that early screen exposure can cause language delay and inattention problems while language development is an indicator of brain development. The objective of this study is to explore the association between infant heavy exposure to child-directed programs and language delay and inattention at preschool age. Eleven preschoolers participated in this qualitative study in Erbil city. The findings of this study are that both the duration of infant exposure to screens and the media type contribute to language delay and inattention in preschool-aged toddlers and children. Increased infant exposure for 2+ in a day to child-directed programs such as COCO Melon from 0-2 years old seems to be directly associated with language delay, especially for infants with limited social interaction. However, infant exposure for 3+ in a day to child-directed programs between 0-2 years old is associated with inattention at 2 and preschool age.

Rate of post Covid-19 symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background. Covid-19 pandemic has led to global pandemic and substantial health, economic and social impact. The causative agent is coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which belongs to the coronavirus family. The clinical picture of the infection ranges from a flu-like symptoms to severe pneumonia and mortality. Till January 2022, the cumulative number of cases exceeded 600 million worldwide with mortality rate of more than 6 million. Objective: to identify rate of total and individual presentations of post COVID-19 conditions. Methodology: the literature was reviewed till 1st July 2022, in six databases, we identified 5486 articles; after removal of duplicates and screening for eligible studies according to inclusion criteria, 17 studies were included for further qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results: the results showed high rate of post COVID-19 condition among patients. With prevalence rate of 5 to 10%, fatigue was the most reported symptom with prevalence of 34% among patients (RE: 0.33%, 95%CI: 0.32-0.35). The second highest common symptom was breathlessness with prevalence of 31% (RE: 0.31, 95%CI: 0.20-0.43). Mental health symptoms including anxiety and depression were also distinctly frequent. We also reported on different neurocognitive symptoms including attention and memory problems with rate of 16% (RE: 0.16, 95%CI: 0.11-0.22) and 19% (RE: 0.19, 95%CI: 0.14-0.26) respectively. Conclusion: it is apparent that a significant percentage of individuals with COVID-19 (45%) continue to grapple with a variety of persistent symptoms. Among these, fatigue and dyspnea emerge as highly prevalent issues consistently reported across various groups of patients. However, it is evident that a considerable portion of patients also contend with a diverse array of other lingering symptoms, displaying variability both in number and severity.

Exploring the influence of excessive social media use on academic performance through media multitasking and attention problems: a three-dimension usage perspective

Exploring the influence of excessive social media use on academic performance through media multitasking and attention problems: a three-dimension usage perspective

To Determine the Quality of Sleep among Elderly Population at Selected Community in Chennai

Background: Our daily lives depend on sleep, and as we age, our sleep patterns tend to change as well. Most people discover that getting older makes it more difficult for them to fall asleep. Chronic sleep disorders are thought to affect 40–70% of older persons, and up to 50% of cases go misdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the causes of insomnia and the quality of sleep in order to develop strategies for promoting sleep among the senior population in a particular Chennai community .Materials and procedure: The study, which involved 100 senior citizens living in Mel Ayanambakkam, was carried out using a descriptive correlational research design. Pretested and validated instruments, such as the Insomnia Severity Scale, the Health variables proforma, and the Demographic Variables Proforma, were used to gather data. Results: The levels of insomnia, 39% of the elderly population did not have insomnia, 28% of the elderly population had sub threshold insomnia and moderate level of insomnia, only 5% of the elderly population had severe insomnia. There was no significant association between demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, type of family, leisure time activities and monthly income and quality of sleep (p<0.05).Conclusion: The elderly who experience sleep disturbances will increase the amount of sleep during the daytime, attention and memory problems, depression. Health care professionals especially the nurses, play a vital role in educating the community on importance of sleep among elderly population.

Is Stimulant Treatment in Children and Adolescents with Mood Dysregulation Associated with Adverse Outcomes?

The aim of this paper is to examine effects of stimulant treatment in children and adolescents with high levels of emotional dysregulation in a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Subjects were referred children and adolescents 6-17 years of age who presented to a child psychiatric outpatient clinic between September 2016-November 2021 and received a prescription for a stimulant medication. Children were stratified into those with low and high levels of emotional dysregulation as defined by an aggregate T-score of <180 or ≥210 on the combined Attention Problems, Aggressive Behavior, and Anxious/Depressed subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; CBCL-AAA). We analyzed patient prescription, diagnosis, and hospital visit data extracted from the electronic medical record from any time prior to referral through three months after referral. Patients with higher CBCL-AAA scores at clinic intake had a significantly different medication and diagnosis profile and were more likely to have a higher dosage of stimulants than patients with lower scores. These patients also were more likely to receive an additional medication class during follow-up, which was driven by second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Emergency room visits and inpatient psychiatric admissions were rare but present only in the group with higher CBCL-AA scores. These results suggest that stimulant treatment affects youth with high versus low levels of emotional dysregulation adversely with a need for higher stimulant doses and treatment augmentation with SGAs. The CBCL may be a useful tool for identifying poor outcomes with stimulant treatment.

Attention Problems and Academic Achievement in Different Age Groups: The Role of Game Addiction

Attention problems negatively impact academic achievement in students. Although previous studies have investigated the underlying mechanism of this association, the potential mediating role of game addiction has been understudied, particularly among different age stages. This study examined the mediating effect of game addiction on this relationship among secondary school (n=554, Mage=14.34), high school (n=450, Mage=15.6), and college students (n=572, Mage=19.13). Participants completed questionnaires assessing attention problems, game addiction, and academic achievement. Results showed that game addiction mediated the association between attention problems and academic achievement in secondary school students, but not high school students. College students exhibited an indirect effect of attention problems on academic achievement through game addiction. The study emphasizes the importance of limiting gaming behavior to improve academic performance and mitigate the negative effects of attention problems.

Different Effects of Behavioral-Based Strategies for Sustaining Attention of an Elementary Student with Intellectual Disability

<p>智能障礙學生常伴隨注意力缺陷等問題，導致學習歷程困難，影響學習表現和成就。根據國內外文獻和實務報告，為改善注意力與學習問題，兩個常見的行為策略為：（一）增加專注口語提示策略，及（二）暫時移除偏好的教材刺激。然而，國內研究鮮少比較行為策略對於注意力的成效，也缺乏融合應用多媒體動畫影片教材，因此，本研究旨在針對智能障礙伴隨注意力缺陷學生在學習多媒體動畫影片教材時，這兩種行為策略對於學生注意力時間之影響，並比較兩種策略的成效差異。</p> <p>本研究採用單一受試實驗研究法之交替比較設計，針對一位就讀於國小集中式特教班，並經醫療診斷為智能障礙伴隨注意力缺陷的學生，藉由交替設計比較教學者於自然情境中執行上述兩種行為策略時學生注意力維持時間的變化，以呈現自然教學場域中的真實樣貌。研究過程分為基線期、交替介入期，以及最佳介入期，研究數據採取單一受試研究法之視覺分析探究成效。</p> <p>研究結果顯示，研究對象在交替介入期間，無論使用哪種行為策略，注意力維持時間皆高於基線期不使用任何介入策略的情境，並達六次成效複製，顯示兩者對於改善注意力的維持皆具有功能關係，其中，暫時移除偏好的教材刺激策略優於增加專注口語提示策略之成效，為該研究對象之最佳介入策略。</p> <p> </p><p>Attention function is a multi-facet concept that is critical for learning. Students with intellectual disability (ID) are often accompanied by problems such as attention deficit, which leads to difficulties in the learning process and affects academic performance and achievement. According to related studies, in order to improve attention and learning problems, two common behavioral strategies are: (a) using verbal prompt for on-task attention, and (b) removing preferred stimulus. However, there are few domestic studies that compare the effectiveness of behavioral strategies on attention, and there is also a lack of integrated application of multimedia video teaching materials. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of these two behavioral strategies on sustaining attention time when ID students with attention deficit learn multimedia animation video teaching materials, and to compare the effectiveness of the two strategies.</p> <p>This was a single subject research using alternating treatment design to compare the two behavioral-based strategies implemented by the student’s teacher in natural educational setting. It focuses on a participant who is studying in a self-contained special education class in an elementary school and has been medically diagnosed with intellectual disability and attention deficit. The research process is divided into baseline, intervention, and better intervention phases. The research data adopts visual analysis of single subject research method to explore the effectiveness.</p> <p>The results of the study showed that during the alternating intervention phases, no matter which behavioral strategies was used, the attention maintenance time of the research participant was higher than that of the baseline phases when no intervention strategy was used, and the effect was replicated six times, showing that both are effective in improving attention. There is a functional relationship between them. Among them, the strategy of temporarily removing the preferred teaching material stimulus is more effective than adding the strategy of focusing on verbal prompts, and is the best intervention strategy for this research participant. Social validity survey also indicated that teachers and parent were satisfied with the intervention outcome.</p> <p> </p>

Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Gambling Severity in Youth Online Gamblers: The Mediating Roles of Internalizing, Attention and Externalizing Problems.

This study examined the association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Gambling Severity (gambling severity), considering the mediating roles of internalizing, externalizing, and attention among youth online gamblers. 762 youth (agemean±SD= 15.03 ± 2.40; agerange = 10-18 years; 75.3% boys) completed the Persian Gambling Disorder Screening Questionnaire (GDSQ-P), Pediatric Symptom Checklist - Youth Report (Y-PSC), and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Questionnaire (ACE's section, modified by authors). The analysis was done using the SMART PLS software. The reliability and discriminant validity of the provided model were assessed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). According to the results of the PLS-SEM analysis, the present model demonstrated suitable levels of reliability and validity. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) significantly affected attention, internalizing, externalizing problems, and gambling severity. Additionally, the level of gambling was directly correlated with ACEs. Moreover, the indirect influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable via the mediators was found to be statistically significant (P < .001).These findings suggest that externalizing behaviors, attention problems, and internalizing symptoms mediate the effect of ACEs on gambling severity. Lastly, fitness indices indicated that our proposed model fit the data well (SRMR = 0.06, d_ULS = 1.15, Chi-square = 1291.461, and NFI = 0.71). Our study found that ACEs significantly influence gambling severity among youth online gamblers, with internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems mediating this relationship. Practical implications include integrating ACE screening and targeted interventions for associated mental health issues into youth gambling prevention programs to mitigate the risk of problematic gambling behavior.

A 5-week Digital Intervention to Reduce Attention Problems in Children With ADHD: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: Growing evidence suggests digital interventions may provide neurocognitive benefits for children with ADHD. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a digital attention intervention in children with ADHD. Method: In this double-blind randomized controlled trial 55 children with ADHD (5–9 years) were allocated to the intervention (N = 28) or control program (N = 27). Both programs were delivered via touchscreen tablets at home 5 days a week for 5 weeks. The primary outcome was change in the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) Attention Comparison Score (ACS) from pre- to post-intervention. Results: Participants who received the intervention had significantly greater improvements in the TOVA ACS from pre- to post-intervention than those in the control (p < .044). No intervention effects were observed on secondary outcomes assessing executive functioning, ADHD symptoms, or functional impairment. Conclusion: Collectively these findings provide insufficient evidence for the implementation of digital attention interventions for children with ADHD.

Emancipatory Attention

The aim of this paper is to show that, for the purposes of addressing the epistemic aspects of systemic injustice, we need a notion of emancipatory attention. &amp;nbsp;When the epistemic and ethical elements of an injustice are intertwined, it is a misleading idealisation to think of these epistemological elements as calling for the promotion of knowledge through a rational dialectic.&amp;nbsp; Taking them to instead call for a campaign of consciousness-raising runs into difficulties of its own, when negotiating the twin risks of being presumptuous about one’s own ignorance, and patronising in attributing ignorance to others.&amp;nbsp; To arrive at a better response, we should follow Marilyn Frye’s suggestion that the epistemic aspects of injustice are, at root, problems of attention.&amp;nbsp; But we fail to give an adequate account of this if we adhere to the most influential tradition of thinking about attention’s ethics, which takes its lead from Iris Murdoch’s reading of Simone Weil.&amp;nbsp; That tradition addresses attention’s significance in individual contexts, rather than social ones.&amp;nbsp; To get a better conception of the role that is played by attention in projects of social emancipation, we should take some ideas from recent work on the metaphysics of attention, together with ideas from an older tradition – represented here by R.G. Collingwood’s The Principles of Art – concerning the forms of attention that are occasioned by the creation and appreciation of art.&amp;nbsp;

Research on efficient classification algorithm for coal and gangue based on improved MobilenetV3-small

ABSTRACT Aiming at the problems of insufficient attention to spatial information, long classification training time, and high model complexity in current gangue image classification algorithms, a lightweight fast recognition model for gangue based on improved MobileNetV3-small is proposed. First, we optimize the feature extraction part by introducing the CeLU activation function to alleviate the neuron death and gradient vanishing problems, thus improving the performance of the model. Second, Bneck is further optimized using an improved Triplet Attention Module to achieve almost parameter-free spatial and channel dimension interactions, which drastically reduces the complexity of the model. Finally, we construct a new Efficient Last Stage structure, which improves the model performance while successfully reducing the computation and model size by replacing the traditional convolution with Ghost Module and introducing Mix-pool as a pooling layer. In addition, the effectiveness of each component was fully demonstrated through ablation experiments, visualization analysis, and comparative experiments. The experimental results show that training the homemade gangue dataset using the improved MobilenetV3-small model improves Accuracy and F1-Score on the validation set by 0.48% and 0.42%, respectively, compared to the original network, and in terms of model complexity, we can see that FLOPs, number of parameters, and Weight size are reduced by 2.8%, 33.0%, and 32.3%, respectively, and FPS reaches 28 frames per second. The improved algorithm greatly reduces the model complexity and decreases the dependence on hardware devices while improving the classification accuracy and anti-interference capability. This provides an important reference basis for deploying automated underground coal gangue sorting, which helps to realize intelligent integrated mining.