Attacks In MANET Research Articles

Performance Examination of Black Hole and Gray Hole Attacks in MANETs

Security is a very difficult issue for ad hoc ad networks. The first step is to developa good security solution to understand the current attack method.The presence of malicious nodeswill affect the functionality and network integrity. In the Black hole attack, malicious nodes will lower the package instead of moving forward. Thus, Black hole attacks reduce networkperformance. Utimetly as a black hole this paper analysis over other attacks individually or inintegrated manner. It is quite easy to verify the behaviors of black hole attack on individual basis.But in case of gray hole attack it is too much difficut to analysis the nature and behaviors of the network. The quality of tarnsmision is unpredictable and the overall performance get badlyaffcted with the such kind of attack. These attacks is the basic of the earlier known attack butwhen it come in pair or more than its behaviorss is very hard to detected on the basis of thepresent knwledge. In this paper we analyse blackhole and Grayhole attack s that executed underthe NS2 plateform run on the linux operating system. The analysis formwithsome set of nodesand whole excution focused on three parameters i.e E2E, PDR and Throughput

An Innovative Approach to Prevent Rushing Attack in Manet

An Innovative Approach to Prevent Rushing Attack in Manet

Performance Analysis of Black Hole attack in MANET

Performance Analysis of Black Hole attack in MANET

Prevention of Rushing Attack in MANET using Threshold Based Approach

Mobile ad hoc networks are a collection of mobile nodes that works without the centralised infrastructure. Every mobile node not only acts as host, it also works as router to forward packets that are received from neighbour nodes. Mobile ad hoc networks are useful in military environments, automated battlefields, emergency, rescue operations, disaster recovery, educational, home and entertainment applications. Here data must be routed via intermediate nodes. Rushing attack is one of the network layer attacks in MANET. In this attack, when the attacker node receives the route request packet, it immediately forwards the route request packet to its neighbours without processing the packet. Threshold-based approach is used to detect rushing attack in MANET. Proposed method provides better packet delivery ratio and throughput in presence of rushing attacker. Simulation results show that our modified DSR protocol performs better compared to secure DSR algorithm.

Improved QoS and avoidance of black hole attacks in MANET using trust detection framework

ABSTRACT In recent times, secured routing is a major research in MANETs. The behaviour of malicious nodes in this network increases the risk of threats and induces abnormal operations in MANETs. This affects the security of data transmitted between the nodes in the network. Hence, an effective technique is needed to prevent the abnormal nodes after the process of detection. In this paper, we propose an improved Trust Detection Algorithm to increase the probability of detection and prevention of Black Hole nodes in MANETs. The proposed framework observes the behaviour of each node using various trust metrics that includes the relationship between the sensor nodes, social and service attribute trust and QoS metric trusts. The behaviour of sensor nodes is found through the communication and mobility behaviour of each node. This method avoids the black hole nodes in MANETs, when the routing is carried out with Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP). Hence, the privacy of data is retained using the proposed method. The proposed method is tested in terms of different combinations of with and without trusts. The result shows that the proposed method is effective through various QoS metrics like overall throughput, packet loss, energy consumption, trust level, false acceptance rate and missed detection rate.

Study of trust‐based mechanism and its component model in MANET: Current research state, issues, and future recommendation

SummarySecurity against routing attacks in MANET is most critical issue and traditional concepts of cryptography, authentication, or Watchdog are not that significant in mitigation of these attacks. In recent years, trust‐based approach provides a reputation system that compose of different components to provide security against routing attacks. In this paper, we provide an in‐depth analysis of various components that are used in trust‐based mechanism and techniques deployed in effective and efficient execution of task by the components. Trust‐based mechanisms generally have five components: monitoring and information gathering, trust calculation and evaluation unit, trust recommendation unit, decision‐making and dissemination of detection unit. All or some of these units cooperate together to provide a reliable communication environment with the aim to prevent routing attacks from participating in route formation process and detect attacking nodes simultaneously. Different routing attacks and measures in trust‐based mechanism along with some published work are discussed to understand the implementation of this type of mechanism. Various related issues are explored, discussed, and recommendations are pointed out for future research work in this field.

Defence Scheme against Selfish Node Attack in Manet

Defence Scheme against Selfish Node Attack in Manet

Detection Mechanisms for Gray-hole Attacks in MANET and their Limitations to Overcome Smart Gray-hole Attack : A Review

Detection Mechanisms for Gray-hole Attacks in MANET and their Limitations to Overcome Smart Gray-hole Attack : A Review

A SECURITY SCHEME BASED ON TRUST ATTACK IN MANET

Mobile ad hoc are gaining popularity because of availability of low-cost mobile devices and its ability to provide instant wireless networking capabilities where implementation of wired network is not possible or costly. MANETs are vulnerable to various types of attack because of its features like continuous changing topology, resource constraints and unavailability of any centralized infrastructure. Many denials of service type of attacks are possible in the MANET and one of these type attacks is flooding attack in which malicious node sends the useless packets to consume the valuable network resources. Flooding attack is possible in all most all on demand routing protocol. In this paper we present a novel technique to mitigate the effect of RREQ flooding attack in MANET using trust estimation function in DSR on demand routing protocol.

Novel Trust Based Energy Aware Routing Mechanism for Mitigation of Black Hole Attacks in MANET

The open transmission characteristics in wireless environments and scarce energy resources generated many challenging factors in MANET’s. Presently, MANET’s are highly employed in security related applications. Moreover, security problems and energy efficiency are considered as the supreme factors in MANET whereas, the security threats emerges out due to their scare resource characteristics; hence their functionalities are highly degraded with numerous security attacks namely, the cruel black hole attack (BHA). The BHA mainly distresses the data collection and makes an effort to engage in most of the links as possible to increase the resource constrained issues in the network. In order to withstand these issues, we propose a novel trust based energy aware routing (TEAR) mechanism for MANETs. The most important characteristics of TEAR mechanism is that it mitigates BHs through the dynamic generation of multiple detection routes to detect the BHs quickly as possible and provides better data route security by obtaining the nodal trust. More significantly, the TEAR mechanism can effectively handle both the creation and sharing of these multi-detection routes for the detection of BHs. Essentially, these multi-detection routes in TEAR mechanism are generated by wholly utilizing the energy in non-hotspots (i.e. without wasting the energy) to improve the energy efficiency and desired data route security. The theoretical and experimental analysis proved that our TEAR mechanism exhibited better performance than that of the earlier research works. The TEAR mechanism highly optimizes the lifespan of network by avoiding the black hole attacks and drastically increasing the probability of successful data routing.

Swarm optimised energy hubness clustering to detect and respond to intrusive attack variants in MANET

MANET is a continuously self configuring network, where the mobile nodes move arbitrarily. Due to node mobility, variants attacks arise that reduces network lifetime. Conventional security method preserves wired network, but found to be ineffective for detecting variants intrusive attack in MANET. In order to detect and respond to intrusion attack variants, SOEHC technique is introduced. Swarm optimisation is used for providing energy efficient routing. Based on the nodes position and velocity, movement of nodes occurs. The fitness of each node is measured based on energy and trust for detecting intrusion variants. Next, hubness clustering is applied to identify attack variants using cluster centroid range value. Finally, intrusion responsive mechanism is performed to make a reaction for attacks through isolation message distribution. Simulation is performed to analyse performance of SOEHC technique with parameters, energy consumption, intrusion detection rate and network lifetime that prolong network lifetime with minimum energy consumption.

Swarm optimised energy hubness clustering to detect and respond to intrusive attack variants in MANET

MANET is a continuously self configuring network, where the mobile nodes move arbitrarily. Due to node mobility, variants attacks arise that reduces network lifetime. Conventional security method preserves wired network, but found to be ineffective for detecting variants intrusive attack in MANET. In order to detect and respond to intrusion attack variants, SOEHC technique is introduced. Swarm optimisation is used for providing energy efficient routing. Based on the nodes position and velocity, movement of nodes occurs. The fitness of each node is measured based on energy and trust for detecting intrusion variants. Next, hubness clustering is applied to identify attack variants using cluster centroid range value. Finally, intrusion responsive mechanism is performed to make a reaction for attacks through isolation message distribution. Simulation is performed to analyse performance of SOEHC technique with parameters, energy consumption, intrusion detection rate and network lifetime that prolong network lifetime with minimum energy consumption.

Novel Technique for Detection of Wormhole Attack in MANET

Novel Technique for Detection of Wormhole Attack in MANET

Modified secure AODV protocol to prevent wormhole attack in MANET

SummaryAn Adhoc network is a combination of mobile nodes that works without centralized infrastructure. Every mobile node acts as host and routers. Furthermore, it also forward packets to other mobile nodes in network which are not within the direct transmission range. Mobile Ad hoc networks are easily exposed to various network layer attacks that include black hole, wormhole, and DOS attack. Wormhole attack is one among the severe attacks in MANET. Wormhole attacker receives the packets at any particular location in the network and disturbs the flow of packet by tunneling them to another location. In this paper, advanced mechanism is presented against these wormhole attacks in a MANET. Existing methods use Quality of Service (QoS) for entire network to detect attacks. Our method makes use of the packet delivery ratio and round trip time for each node, and it also detects active and passive attacks. Thus, the complete identification of wormhole attack is possible using the proposed method.

A Sequence Number Prediction Based Bait Detection Scheme to Mitigate Sequence Number Attacks in MANETs

The characteristics of MANET such as decentralized architecture, dynamic topologies make MANETs susceptible to various security attacks. Sequence number attacks are such type of security threats which tend to degrade the network functioning and performance by sending fabricated route reply packets (RREP) with the objective of getting involved in the route and drop some or all of the data packets during the data transmission phase. The sequence number adversary attempts to send a fabricated high destination number in the RREP packet which attracts the sender to establish a path through the adversary node. This paper proposes a proactive secure routing mechanism which is an improvement over the authors previously proposed scheme. It makes use of linear regression mechanism to predict the maximum destination sequence number that the neighboring node can insert in the RREP packet. As an additional security checkpoint, it uses a bait detection mechanism to establish confidence in marking a suspicious node as a malicious node. The proposed approach works in collaboration with the ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing (AODV) protocol. The simulation results depict that the approach improves the network performance in the presence of adversaries as compared to previously proposed scheme.

A dynamic threshold based approach for mitigating black-hole attack in MANET

Mobile ad-hoc network is an infrastructure less type of network which does not require any kind of fixed infrastructure. It provides multi-hop communication between the source and destination nodes...

Reducing packet dropping attacks in Manets using auditor and one hop approach

Reducing packet dropping attacks in Manets using auditor and one hop approach

Reducing the Effectiveness of Gray-Hole Attack in Manet

MANET is the mobile ad-hoc network. Security is very important especially when transmitting the data packets from one node to another. MANET is constructed by grouping mobile wireless nodes with no fixed infrastructure. In order to forward the packets, all the nodes in the network must cooperate with each other, so that the nodes beyond the radio ranges can communicate. Each node acts as a router and MANET is infrastructure-less networks. Hence, MANET is open to more security attacks such as Gray-hole attack, Black-hole attack and worm-hole attack. Due to the dynamism in network topology, MANETS are highly vulnerable and are prone to malicious attack. Security issue is highly challenging in MANET. Understanding the different form of possible attacks and providing good security solutions is important for secure data transmission between nodes. The most dangerous attack among these attacks is Gray-hole attack. In this paper, it proposed a method for reducing the Gray-hole attack. Our proposed algorithm MAODV identifies the malicious node before the data transmission process and it greatly reduces the dropping of data packets.

Detection and Prevention of Wormhole and Black Hole Attacks in MANET Using AODV Protocol Review

Detection and Prevention of Wormhole and Black Hole Attacks in MANET Using AODV Protocol Review

Performance Based Evaluation of Botnet, Black hole, Wormhole Attack in MANET

Performance Based Evaluation of Botnet, Black hole, Wormhole Attack in MANET