Attacks In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Research Articles

Security Issues and Attacks in Mobile Adhoc Networks

Security Issues and Attacks in Mobile Adhoc Networks

The Study and Comparison between AODV, OLSR and DSR Routing Protocols and Attacks in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

The Study and Comparison between AODV, OLSR and DSR Routing Protocols and Attacks in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

Improved Cooperative Bait Detection Method using Multiple Disjoint Path Technique

The important aim of this research is to present the bait detection method for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) with goal of security and routing performance improvement. Methods/Statistical analysis: The proposed method is based on recently presented technique known as CBDS (Cooperative Bait Detection Scheme) which have been introduced for defending against different types of attacks in MANET. The practical analysis of CBDS method is conferred that performance of end to end delay and packet delivery ratio is poor in presence of attacks in network. Therefore, in this paper, improved CBDS (ICBDS) method is proposed with goal improving end to end delay and PDR performances. Findings: The simulation and practical analysis of the proposed ICBDS method is done using NS2 tool by considering the different network scenarios and attacks. The results of proposed work against existing CBDS methods claim that the performance of end to end delay and PDR is improved for any numbers of attackers in network. ICBDS technique overcomes the limitations of existing CBDS technique while preserving the MANET security as it is using disjoint path method. The performance of end to end delay is minimized by approximately 22 % whereas PDR performance is increased by 17 % approximately. Application/ Improvements: The application area for this proposed method is local banking operations, military application etc. The possible improvement to ICBDS technique will be the consideration of all types of MANET attacks.

Remove the black-hole attack in mobile ADHOC network using Threshold Based Technique

In this paper enhanced the AODV routing protocol for the prevention of black hole attack. The enhanced AODV routing protocol based on the principle of thresholding. The thresholding using the concept of reference node selection process. The reference node selection process creates two group of node one is path altered group and other is stable path with sensibility. The sensibility path estimates the hop count and packet sequence number. If the number of hop count is not changed or the sequence of packet is also not lost is called sensitivity path of network. The function of threshold generated by the node distance formula based on the Euclidean distance derivation. The enhanced AODV protocol simulate in NS2.34 simulators and measure some standard parameter such as PDR, throughput, overload and E2E delivery ratio.

To Evaluate and Improve ZRP Protocol to Detect and Isolate Gray Hole Attack in Mobile Ad-hoc Network

mobile ad-hoc network is a type of network which has decentralized and self configuring nature. Due to which malicious nodes may join the network which is responsible to trigger various type of active and passive attacks. In this work, technique will be proposed which will improve in zonal routing protocol. In the zonal routing protocol whole network is divided into zones, in each zone zonal heads are selected which is responsible to route the data from one zone to another zone. In this work, selective routing attack is possible which reduce network performance. The improvement in the zonal routing protocol will be proposed which will be based on the monitor mode technique. In the monitor mode technique, each technique will watch its adjacent technique and node which is responsible to drop packets will be detected as malicious node from the network.

A Vampire Act of Sybil Attack on the Highest Node Degree Clustering in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Objective: This paper aims at analyzing the devastating effect of Sybil attack in Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) that use the Highest Node Degree based Clustering scheme for routing. Method/Analysis: A Sybil attack can disrupt the highest node degree based clustering scheme in MANETs by impersonating the identity of a legitimate node. An attacker will put all its efforts in forcibly electing its prey node as the leader of a cluster. In making its mission successful, an attacker uses a number of ghost identities to interact with the prey node, and hence increasing the connectivity of that prey node. It can achieve this by allowing its multiple Sybil nodes to communicate directly with a legitimate prey node. In other words, all the Sybil nodes contribute to increase the node degree of a particular prey node, so as to make it a cluster head. The Sybil attack can play the same trick on the same prey node in every cluster formation process by following the direction and movement the prey node. After making this prey node as a cluster head the multiple Sybil nodes can start sucking its battery by communicating with the bogus messages. Once the battery of the prey node is drained completely, the Sybil attacker can impersonate its identity to further disrupt the network system. Findings: We have used Java language to simulate the vampire act of Sybil attack in MANETs. All the results obtained from the experiments prove that a Sybil attack succeeded with high probability, in forcibly re-electing the same prey node as a leader of the cluster. Novelty: The vampire act of Sybil attack on the maximum connectivity based clustering is shown for the first time in this paper.

A novel approach for mitigating gray hole attack in MANET

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is defined as the category of wireless network that is capable of operating without any fixed infrastructure. The main assumption considered in this network is that all nodes are trusted nodes but in real scenario, some nodes can be malicious node and therefore can perform selective dropping of data packets instead of forwarding the data packets to the destination node. These malicious nodes behave normally during route discovery phase and afterwards drop fractions of the data packets routed through them. Such type of attack is known as smart gray hole attack which is variation of sequence number based gray hole attack. In this paper, we have launched smart gray hole attack and proposed a new mechanism for mitigating the impact of smart gray hole attack. Mitigating Gray hole Attack Mechanism (MGAM) uses several special nodes called as G-IDS (gray hole-intrusion detection system) nodes which are deployed in MANETs for detecting and preventing smart gray hole attack. G-IDS nodes overhear the transmission of its neighbouring nodes and when it detects that the node is dropping the data packets which are greater than threshold value then it broadcast the ALERT message in the network notifying about the identity of malicious node. The identified malicious is then blocked from further its participation by dropping the request and reply packet. In order to validate the effectiveness of our proposed mechanism, NS-2.35 simulator is used. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism performs slightly well as compared with the existing scheme under smart gray hole attack.

Delay Efficient Authenticated Anonymous Secure Routing for MANETs

mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is nothing but the wireless connection of mobile nodes which provides the communication and mobility among wireless nodes without the need of any physical infrastructure or centralized devices such as access point or base station. The communications in MANET is done by routing protocols. At present MANET is used in many real time applications and hence such networks are vulnerable to different kinds of security threats. MANET networks suffered more from security attacks due to use of free wireless communication frequency spectrum and dynamic topology. Therefore it becomes very tough to provide secure to MANET under different adversarial environments like battlefields. For MANET, anonymous communications are vital under the adversarial environments, in which the identification of nodes as well as routes is replaced by pseudonyms or random numbers for the purpose of protection. There are many protocols presented for anonymous communication security for MANET, however suffered from limitations like worst delay, vulnerable to DoS attacks etc. In this paper presents Delay Efficient Authenticated Anonymous Secure Routing (DEAASR) which is extension of existing AASR approach presented recently. The main aim of DEAASR protocol is to provide secure data communication with the goal of improving performance packet delay and routing efficiency for different attacks in MANET.

An Efficient Integral Power-Elector Method with Enhanced AODV to Avoid Sleep Deprivation in Manet

Objectives: To Enhance Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing (AODV) mechanism with Integral power-elector algorithm and power neural technique to manage node from sleep deprivation attack in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). Methods: Sleep deprivation Attack in MANETs make frequent request to the nodes and deplete the battery level. Colony formation technique implemented using power - elector algorithm with power consumption value of mobile nodes as a key value. A group of wireless devices such as Colonies with Processing head and transmission head avoid the sleep deprivation attack by forwarding the packets to the intended destination. Results are simulated through ns-2 tool. Findings: An efficient power-elector method with power consumption value as a key is introduced. The enhanced AODV protocol with extra two fields added helps to know about the Size of packets to be transmitted and also identifies the number of packets to be transmitted to destination. The algorithm imports colony formation technique and adds up with colony chaining method with optimal value checks for each colony nodes for successful transmission of packets by avoiding the sleep deprivation Attack. The Power value of nodes compared and the proposed methodology shows an improvement. Results are simulated through ns 2.34. Improvement: The proposed method has shown improvement on the power values of node. The existing protocol without proposed method decreases the power value while the proposed method improves it and results are shown.

Detection And Isolation Of Attacks In MANET Using TS- AOMDV

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a collection of wireless nodes, which works well only if those mobile nodes are good and behave cooperatively. The lack of infrastructure support and resource constraint is the key issue that causes dishonest and non-co-operative nodes. Therefore, MANET is vulnerable to serious attacks. To reduce the hazards from such nodes and enhance the security of the network, this paper extends an Ad hoc On- Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) Routing protocol, named as Trust-based Secured Adhoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (TS-AOMDV), which is based on the nodes’ routing behavior. The proposed TSAOMDV aims at identifying and isolating the attacks such as flooding, black hole, and gray hole attacks in MANET. With the help of Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and trust-based routing, attack identification and isolation are carried out in two phases ofrouting such as route discovery and data forwarding phase. IDS facilitates complete routing security by observing both control packets and data packets that are involved in the route identification and the data forwarding phases. To improve the routing performance, the IDS integrates the measured statistics into the AOMDV routing protocol for the detection of attackers. This facilitates the TS-AOMDV to provide better routing performance and security in MANET. Finally, the Trust based Secured AOMDV, TS-AOMDV is compared with the existing AOMDV through the NS2 based simulation model. The performance evaluation reveals that the proposed TS-AOMDV improves the performance in terms of throughput by 57.1% more thanthat of an AOMDV under adversary scenario. The simulated results show that the TS-AOMDV outperforms the AOMDV routing protocol.

Detection of Hidden Tunnel Attack in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

Detection of Hidden Tunnel Attack in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

Unreliable Node Detection by Elliptical Curve Diffe-Hellman Algorithm in MANET

Objective: The purpose of this scheme is to detect unreliable node from routing and provide reliable data transmission in MANET. Method: The openness in network topology and deficiency of the central administration leads to vulnerable attack in MANET. In order to decrease the threat in Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), we propose Unreliable node Detection by Elliptical Curve Diffe-Hellman in MANET (UD-ECDH). Findings: The UD-ECDH scheme exchanges the secret key to detect the unreliable node and isolate from routing thus increasing the network performance. Improvement: The simulation results show that this scheme assure better packet delivery, improve throughput, reduces the delay and energy consumption in the network.

Prevention and Detection of Wormhole Attack in Mobile Adhoc Network Using Clustering and RTT

A security constraint in mobile adhoc network is very critical task. Some critical security issue such as black hole attack, wormhole attack, sinkhole attack, prevention and detection of attack is major challenge. For the detection of wormhole attack various authors used various technique such as clock synchronization, threshold based technique, nearest neighbor node selection method. In this dissertation modified the IMAODV protocol in terms of IMAODV protocol.In this paper modified the AODV routing protocol for the detection of wormhole attack. The modified protocol is called secured energy efficient routing protocol (IMAODV). The IMAODV protocol based on two functions one is threshold based function and one is energy based function. The threshold based function measure the distance of normal node and wormhole node. Our proposed algorithm is

A Novel Honeypot Based Detection and Isolation Approach (NHBADI) To Detect and Isolate Black Hole Attacks in MANET

Mobile adhoc networks (MANETs) suffer from various types of security attacks. In this paper, a novel probabilistic approach is proposed to detect and to isolate the Black Hole attack from MANET. Routing algorithms that are used nowadays are not designed to handle these types of attacks. This paper proposes a technique which is known as NHBADI, which uses Honeypot methodology to detect and isolate Black Hole attacks. Unlike existing techniques, the proposed Honeypot technique enhances the security of the MANET by reducing the network overhead. To measure the effectiveness of the proposed system, NS-2 simulator is used. The proposed technique not only detects malicious Black Hole nodes but also isolates the vulnerable Black Hole nodes from the network. The proposed NHBADI scheme reduces network overhead, normalized routing load and packet drop ratio.

Detection and Avoidance of Gray Hole Attack in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

A MANET (mobile ad hoc network) might be called as a base less dynamic system which is a bunch of autonomous number of mobile nodes that can speak with each other utilizing radio wave. It is a self-designing system, where less systems of cell phones are associated by wireless. The arrangement of wireless gadgets called wireless nodes, which consequently interface and exchange data. Each hub in a MANET is allowed to move autonomously, and will in this manner change its associations with different gadgets often; each must forward activity inconsequential to its own utilization, and along these lines be a switch. The MANET system empowers customers and servers to impart in a non-settled topology region and it’s utilized as a part of an assortment of utilizations and quickly developing systems .The technique used in the detection would increase the throughput and decrease the delay and packet loss. The method empowers our network strength and reliability.

An Approach for Security Measures of Black Hole Attack in MANET

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a major next generation wireless technology which is mostly used in future. MANET is a collection of communication devices or nodes that wish to communicate without any fixed infrastructure and predefine organization of available links. In a MANET mobile node will be increases and moveable, so that attacker will be attack by a malicious node which brings great challenges to the security of Mobile Ad Hoc network. The Black hole attack is one of such security issue in MANET. Our focus is specifically is on ensuring the security against the Black hole attack with the help of the popular routing protocol which is mostly used in MANET. Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) are the extension of the wireless networks. They plays important role in real life applications such as military applications, home applications etc. these networks are exposed by a lot of security attacks such as alteration, Denial of service attack, Fabrication attack etc. Black hole attack is one of the dangerous active attacks on the MANET. In this research paper an efficient approach for the detection and removal of the Black hole attack in the Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) is described. The algorithm is implemented on AODV (Ad hoc on demand Distance Vector) Routing protocol. The algorithm can detects both the single Black hole attack and the Cooperative Black hole attack. The beauty of the algorithm described in this paper is that it not only detects the black hole nodes in case when the node is not idle but it can also detect the Black hole nodes in case when a node is idle as well.

Enhancing the Security against Flooding Attack in MANET for Medical Application

The emerging wireless networks are becoming an essential part of medical solutions due to its increasing accessibility for healthcare professionals/patients by reducing healthcare costs. Hence it is essential to secure the network against attacks most importantly flooding attack that makes the entire network to degrade. In Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET), each and every node act as transmitter and receiver and are assumed working with co-operative nature. There is no base station to control the moving nodes, so there is no security to protect the nodes. Therefore any node in MANET can act as a misbehaving/selfish node that affects the co-operative nature. This becomes hectic when the network is being utilized in medical field to send highly confidential/immediately needed information of patients. Watchdog is a well known mechanism to detect and prevent the selfish nodes. The detection of selfish nodes performed by watchdogs may fail, where it can give false positives and false negatives that can induce to poor performance. This is important on networks that need high security, where sometimes watchdog fails to detect the selfish nodes. In order to avoid these problems, Modified Collaborative Contact based Watchdog (CoCoWa) is designed and the attacker node is detected with reduced overhead. Thus, the proposed work introduces CoCoWa, an approach based on the diffusion of local selfish nodes when a contact occurs, so that information about the selfish nodes is quickly propagated. The collaborative approach is simulated in NS2 and the results are obtained. The important performance metrics such as overhead, end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio are taken into consideration for performance evaluation. The overhead is reduced and the other metrics are obtained with increased performance.

Trust Based Routing for Mitigating Greyhole Attack in MANET: A Rethinking Approach

Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is a temporarily formed network created and operated by the nodes themselves without having any centralized infrastructure. Nodes cooperate with each other by passing data and packets from one hop to another. Every nodes act as a router itself for communication. Different protocols have been developed for such type of network. Since the network is dynamic, the topology changes frequently and the network are open to attack and unreliability. Nodes misbehavior due to malicious intention could significantly degrade the performance of MANET. This study reveals with a new Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for MANET based on trust model to mitigate Greyhole attack. Trust is calculated based on trust function. Nodes are selected based on the values of trust function and threshold value. The modified DSR protocol can effectively detect the Greyhole nodes and isolate them from taking part on routing.

Dual Authentication Hashing for Security Enhancement in MANET

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of mobile hosts with wireless interfaces that form a temporary network without the aid of any fixed infrastructure or centralized administration. A MANET is a type of ad hoc network that can change locations and configure itself on the fly. The dynamic and cooperative behaviour of ad hoc networking without any centralized or unified controlling authority for authentication and monitoring is sensitive to attacks that damage or exploit the cooperative behaviour of ad hoc routing. Routing attacks lead to the most disastrous damage in MANET. The main objective of this paper is to enhance the security against routing attacks in MANETs. Intrusion detection based on DAHT (Dual Authentication Hash Technique) entirely depends on the end to end communication between the source and destination is employed here. The proposed technique identifies the misbehaving nature of current node and the previous node where it receives the information. DAHT is simulated with various parameters in NS2. The results obtained are compared with existing mechanism. The results show that malicious detection, overhead reduction and delay are better when compared to the existing system that is employed in protecting the routing information.

Detecting and Mitigating Smart Insider Jamming Attacks in MANETs Using Reputation-Based Coalition Game

Security in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is challenging due to the ability of adversaries to gather necessary intelligence to launch insider jamming attacks. The solutions to prevent external attacks on MANET are not applicable for defense against insider jamming attacks. There is a need for a formal framework to characterize the information required by adversaries to launch insider jamming attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel reputation-based coalition game in MANETs to detect and mitigate insider jamming attacks. Since there is no centralized controller in MANETs, the nodes rely heavily on availability of transmission rates and a reputation for each individual node in the coalition to detect the presence of internal jamming node. The nodes will form a stable grand coalition in order to make a strategic security defense decision, maintain the grand coalition based on node reputation, and exclude any malicious node based on reputation value. Simulation results show that our approach provides a framework to quantify information needed by adversaries to launch insider attacks. The proposed approach will improve MANET’s defense against insider attacks, while also reducing incorrect classification of legitimate nodes as jammers.