Attachment Model Research Articles

The effect of place attachment of geographical indication agricultural products on repurchase intention

[Objective] This study aims to investigate how place attachment and the quality of experience affect consumers' intention to repurchase Geographical Indication (GI) agricultural products. [Methodology] Based on the special functional value and symbolic meaning of GI agricultural products, we constructed a five-dimensional model of place attachment for GI agricultural products consumers. Expanding on the original two-dimensional place attachment model, we introduced three connection concepts: nature, society, and emotion. We also combined this model with the quality of experience model and consumer purchase intention model to form a research model of repurchase intention for GI agricultural products. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data (n = 340), and a partial least squares structural equation model was used to test the empirical evidence. [Research results] (1) Place attachment to Geographical Indication agricultural products significantly affects the quality of experience. (2) Quality of experience significantly affects consumer trust and repurchase intention. (3) Consumer trust significantly affects repurchase intention. (4) There is a mediating effect of experience quality between place attachment and repurchase intention; there is a mediating effect of trust in the relationship between quality of experience and repurchase intention. (5) There is a chain mediating effect of “place attachment→quality of experience→consumer trust→repurchase intention” in the model.

Psychological treatment of an adolescent who was prone to non suicidal self injury A case report

This paper, which is one of the few in the world dealing with this topic, presented the psychologist's work based on the concepts of mentalization and internal working models (IWMs) of attachment, with an adolescent girl who was prone to nonsuicidal self-injury.

A Study on the Causes and Effects of Place Attachment - Based on the Perspective of Person

Place attachment studies the positive emotional connection between people and places. It is a comprehensive concept and has gained a lot of scientific attention in recent decades. There are many researchers exploring its influencing factors, but in terms of “person”, most researchers are limited to demographic variables. This study collected 519 data through questionnaires, excavated the possible predictors of residents’ place attachment based on the perspective of person, and constructed a structural equation model of place attachment to explore its causes and influence effects. The results of the study found that: 1) Possession, friend-tie, and self-identify positively affect residents’ place attachment; 2) place attachment positively affects residents’ subjective well-being, which in turn affects their recommendation intention.

Can relationship patterns be transferred? The influence of parent-child attachment on interpersonal harmony among adolescents

Based on attachment theory and ecological systems theory, this paper explores the impact of parent-child attachment on interpersonal harmony adolescents and the mechanism of psychological boundary and cognitive flexibility. Methods: 505 adolescents were investigated by parent-child attachment questionnaire, psychological boundary questionnaire, cognitive flexibility questionnaire, and interpersonal comprehensive diagnostic scale, of which 51.5 % were boys. Results: Parent-child attachment negatively predicted interpersonal harmony. In other words, the higher the level of parent-child attachment, the lower level of interpersonal disturbance, and the more harmonious the interpersonal relationship. Psychological boundary and cognitive flexibility play mediating roles between parent-child attachment and interpersonal harmony respectively, and the mediation effect accounted for 15.58 and 18.83 % of the total effect respectively. The results support the parallel mediation model of parent-child attachment and interpersonal harmony among adolescents. Conclusion: The results support the parallel mediation model of psychological boundary and cognitive flexibility between parent-child attachment and interpersonal harmony.

Do egg cell‐secreted aspartic proteases promote gamete attachment?

During the double fertilization process of flowering plants (angiosperms), pollen tubes transport a pair of immobile sperm cells towards and inside the embryo sac for fusion with egg and central cell, respectively. Male-female gamete interactions during fertilization are critical for reproductive success and seed development, and thus have interested biologists since decades. Compared to animals, little is known about gamete interaction mechanisms in angiosperms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

A pilot investigation of an attachment formulation workshop within a specialist inpatient autism service.

Purpose: There is an increasing emphasis for services to attend to the mental health and attachment of autistic people. There is limited research in relation to the process of attachment within autistic people. Method: The current research was a pilot investigation of a staff attachment workshop within an inpatient autism service. This involved the application of Crittenden’s dynamic-maturational model of attachment within the multi-disciplinary team. Results: The results indicate that attachment formulation workshops are useful in increasing staffs’ understanding of attachment and in managing behaviours that challenge. Implications: It is suggested to continue to facilitate and to research attachment workshops within autism services.

The relationship between internal working models of attachment and marital satisfaction among older adults: An analysis based on couple data

The relationship between internal working models of attachment and marital satisfaction among older adults: An analysis based on couple data

Scale-free growth in regional scientific capacity building explains long-term scientific dominance

The regional capability of performing front-running research and technological development has been identified as a necessary condition for future wealth creation. The quality and amount of scientific capabilities in specific fields vary dramatically across different world regions. Capabilities, knowledge, and skills are embodied by scientists working in research institutions or companies. The conditions for the emergence of a leading regional scientific environment – and the resulting early technological leadership – are poorly understood. The existence of a critical mass – the threshold above which a region can build comparably strong scientific capabilities – of scientists is often assumed. Using a unique dataset of global scientific activity and researcher mobility over several decades, we present empirical evidence in three scientific areas (semiconductor research, embryonic stem cells, and Internet research) that the process of scientific knowledge accumulation is remarkably general and applies to practically all regions. Regional knowledge accumulation data obtained from an analysis of scientists’ geolocated trajectories follow a preferential attachment mechanism characterized by a sub-linear kernel with a robust growth exponent. Scale-free growth patterns suggest that regions that move early into new technologies tend to dominate the corresponding scientific fields. We find no evidence that critical mass is required to achieve prolonged scientific dominance. We propose a simple preferential attachment model that explains the empirical data and allows us to understand deviations from the growth exponent as focused interventions to strategically attract scientists at regional level. We demonstrate this explicitly for China in the three scientific fields examined.

IMPACT OF AN ONLINE SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINING PROGRAM ON CUSTODIAL GRANDMOTHERS’ WELL-BEING

Abstract Despite widespread evidence that the circumstances leading to care, combined with the stress of full-time parenting, have profound effects on psychological, physical, and social functioning of custodial grandmothers (CGM) and their adolescent grandchildren (GC), evidence-based interventions for these families are scarce. To address this gap, we conducted a randomized clinical trial (RCT) with 349 nationally recruited CGMs which compared an online social intelligence training intervention (SIT; n=185) to an attention-control (AC; n=164) condition. The SIT focused on enhancing CGMs’ capacity to develop and sustain positive social ties; an important goal since working models of attachment and caregiving are challenged and re-shaped by the off-time and demanding nature of parenting a GC. To investigate initial impact of SIT, we conducted multi-domain latent difference score models (Mplus 8) on a full intent-to-treat basis comparing the two RCT conditions on changes across key outcomes from baseline to immediate post-intervention. In comparison to AC, SIT yielded statistically significant improvement in CGMs’ depressed affect, self-esteem, relationship quality with the GC, and attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety with GC. Contrary to expectations, no significant differences were found between the two conditions on outcomes indicative of social competence (e.g., perspective taking, social awareness, social information processing, social self-monitoring). We conclude that CGMs may have applied information obtained from the SIT primarily to their relationship with GC. Our findings point to the potential benefits of the self-guided SIT, given that it can be delivered online and therefore has widespread reach to a vulnerable population. [Funded by R01AG054571]

A combination of maternal and paternal features discriminates between children with secure and insecure attachment style

Child-caregiver attachment security has been associated with positive developmental outcomes. However, many aspects related to the parenting environment, besides attachment organization, should be considered in the prediction of offspring’s attachment. We aimed at building an ecological classification model of child attachment based on many variables related to the individual and dyadic features of both parents. Having recruited 150 families, we fed a stepwise logistic regression analysis, aimed at discriminating between secure and insecure child attachment. This contained information regarding parental stress, parental avoidance and anxiety in romantic relationships, quality of the romantic relationship and parental involvement. Paternal responsibility, paternal perception of the quality of the romantic relationship and maternal attachment avoidance were the most discriminative variables in the model (all p<.05). Findings support the importance of not limiting investigations to maternal factors, but rather making the investigation of attachment-related factors broader by assessing maternal, paternal and dyadic features.

Distance evolutions in growing preferential attachment graphs

We study the evolution of the graph distance and weighted distance between two fixed vertices in dynamically growing random graph models. More precisely, we consider preferential attachment models with power-law exponent τ∈(2,3), sample two vertices ut, vt uniformly at random when the graph has t vertices and study the evolution of the graph distance between these two fixed vertices as the surrounding graph grows. This yields a discrete-time stochastic process in t′≥t, called the distance evolution. We show that there is a tight strip around the function 4loglog(t)−log(log(t′/t)∨1)|log(τ−2)|∨2 that the distance evolution never leaves with high probability as t tends to infinity. We extend our results to weighted distances, where every edge is equipped with an i.i.d. copy of a nonnegative random variable L.

A new look at the relations between attachment and intelligence

In this paper we offer a new perspective on the relations between attachment and intelligence, a topic that has received relatively little attention in the recent decades of attachment research. Based on a review of relevant empirical work, a reanalysis of published data, and novel theoretical arguments, we advance a revised model of attachment and intelligence that challenges a number of widespread assumptions in the field. Specifically, we argue that attachment in infancy and childhood is influenced by general intelligence (with lower cognitive ability in ambivalent and disorganized categories compared with secure and avoidant ones), and that attachment states of mind in adulthood show a parallel pattern (with lower cognitive ability in preoccupied and unresolved/unclassifiable categories). The partially genetic correlation between parent and child intelligence gives rise to a previously unrecognized causal pathway linking parents’ states of mind to children’s attachment; parental intelligence also predicts aspects of sensitivity and mentalizing, and thus exerts an additional indirect influence on children’s attachment. Our revised model suggests that intelligence likely contributes to the “transmission gap” between parental state of mind and child attachment; it also offers a novel (partial) explanation of the increased levels of parent–child concordance observed in older children.

Parenting Stress and Attachment Insecurity in Young Adulthood: A Social Relations Model.

We used the Social Relations Model to inspect the individual- and dyad-specific components of attachment among young adults and their parents, and examined relations between these components and parenting stress. Young adulthood is a transitional period in which the whole family is concerned with "launching" the young adult and exploring new ways to interact with and attach to one another. However, research on young adulthood attachment has primarily focused on young adults' attachment style rather than reciprocal attachments among family members. When the young adults were age 23, mothers, fathers, and young adults from 156 families reported their mutual attachment security. At ages 18 and 23, parents of the adolescent/young adult reported their parenting stress in interparental and parent-child relationship domains. Attachment in the families of young adults can be separated into three components: 1) actor effects (each family member's internal working model of attachment), 2) partner effects (characteristics of each family member as an attachment figure), and 3) relationship effects (dyad-specific attachment between family members). Increase of parenting stress in a family subsystem (dyad of family members) predicted attachment insecurity within the subsystem. Additionally, compensatory effects across family subsystems were observed. Attachment in the family during young adulthood is explained by family members' own characteristics as well as dyad-specific interactions and is predicted by parenting stress in family subsystems.

A feasible strategy for separating oxyanions-loaded microfine Fe-MOF adsorbents from solution by bubble flotation

Microfine metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising adsorbents for water treatment, but their commercial applicability is severely constrained by poor separability. Herein, we designed a feasible bubble flotation strategy for achieving the effective separation of oxyanions-loaded Fe-MOF particles in the solution after adsorption, by modifying the particle interface properties and introducing bubbles mineralization. The results showed that the separation of P(V), Mo(VI) and W(VI) oxyanions-loaded Fe-MOF could be completely achieved under optimum conditions. FTIR, XPS and DFT analyses revealed that the particle size and hydrophobicity of oxyanions-loaded Fe-MOF increased by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) collector via chemisorption and electrostatic interactions. The collision and attachment models analysis of bubbles with particles demonstrated that the separation efficiencies of collector modified oxyanions-loaded Fe-MOFs were significantly enhanced with increasing bubble mineralization. EDLVO theoretical calculations and bubble-particle carrying ability analysis demonstrated that the gravitational interactions between oxyanions-loaded Fe-MOF particles and particles/bubbles were intensified by the collector. The gravitational interaction further induced particle aggregation and enhanced the carrying capacity of individual bubbles. This work provides a feasible strategy for the removal of oxyanions and the separation of oxyanions-loaded microfine Fe-MOF in the adsorption process.

Default defenses: the character defenses of attachment-anxiety and attachment-avoidance

Contemporary attachment researchers claim that attachment-anxiety is associated with a hyperactivating defense strategy while attachment-avoidance is associated with a deactivating defense strategy. However, to date, no study has comprehensively examined the basic patterns of specific defense expression in the two dimensions of attachment insecurity (anxiety/avoidance). To address this research gap, the current study aimed to assess the character defenses associated with attachment-avoidance and attachment-anxiety, incorporating a broad spectrum of psychological defenses. The main objective was to understand what differentiates attachment-avoidance and attachment-anxiety in defensive functioning. In this study of online questionnaire design (N = 250), university undergraduates aged between 17 to 65 completed the Experiences in Close Relationship Scale (ECR) and the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-60). The results show that the two dimensions of insecure attachment exhibit different defensive patterns. Regarding the main findings, attachment-avoidance uniquely predicted defensive isolation, and attachment-anxiety uniquely predicted the defenses splitting, projective identification, anticipation, acting out, passive-aggression, reaction formation, and undoing. Overall, the results indicate that attachment-anxiety is a significant predictor of global defensive functioning, over and above that of attachment-avoidance. One implication of this study is that the two-dimensional model of adult attachment may offer a promising framework for organizing psychological defenses. We discuss the significance of this concerning the future of the empirical study of psychological defenses. The discussion also considers the clinical application and relevance to attachment-based psychotherapy.

Investigating the Leisure Behavior in Iranian Trekking Tourists: The Structural Model of Serious Leisure, Travel Intention and Place Attachment

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to examine the effect of serious leisure on travel intention and place attachment among Iranian trekking tourists. The participants of the study were the trekking tourists of Mount Tochal that stayed at least 12 nights a year in this mountain resort. PASS software was used to determine the sample size of the study. Finally, 275 people participated in the present study. The questionnaires of serious leisure, travel intention, and place attachment were used to collect the data. The descriptive and inferential statistical methods were applied to analyze the data. The results showed that serious leisure and place attachment can predict approximately 24% of the changes in travel intention. Therefore, place attachment is one of the important factors to increase the travel intention of individuals for leisure activities.

A model of leisure involvement, residential satisfaction, and place attachment in passive older migrants

Although the influence of mobility on place attachment has received attention in the literature, this relationship varies between groups. Unlike those who move to enjoy their retirement, for example, older migrants arriving in Shenzhen come to the city ‘passively,’ drawn by the needs of their children. This paper advances understanding of the concept of place attachment by illustrating the relationships between its components. Analysis of interview and questionnaire responses revealed the following relationships between three focal components of place attachment. Place dependence first directly influenced affective attachment and then indirectly affected place identity. Leisure involvement had a positive impact on place dependence and affective attachment but no direct effect on place identity. Residential satisfaction was an antecedent of all three focal dimensions of place attachment. No direct relationship was found between leisure involvement and residential satisfaction.

Effects of intrauterine human chorionic gonadotropin administration on endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation

AimsEven though major advances have occurred in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) techniques in recent years, low efficacy of embryo implantation rates after fresh cycle of IVF-ET around 25–30 % is still a biggest challenge to physicians. To address this, clinicians have used intrauterine administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), one of the initial arrays of molecular crosstalk occurred at maternal-fetal interface. However, many reports have demonstrated the conflicting outcomes with various efficacy. This study aims to provide evidence of the optimal timing of hCG administration to enhance the rates of embryo implantation via improving the uterine environment. Main methodshCG was administered into one side of mouse uterine horns and saline was infused into the other side of horns as a control. Alterations in the endometrial thickness, endometrial receptivity and angiogenesis-related gene expression, responses of progesterone receptor, and subsequent in vitro fertility assessment were evaluated in hCG-treated endometrium in mice. Key findingshCG administration induced a serial induction of endometrial receptivity and angiogenesis-related genes and maximally enhanced their expression levels around 72 h after treatment with no significant morphological alterations in the numbers of endometrial glands and thickness. Moreover, using an in vitro model of embryo attachment, hCG treatment significantly promoted the stability of attached embryos, supporting the positive effect of hCG on the initial stage of embryo implantation. SignificanceOur findings suggest a new consensus criteria providing a potential strategy of clinical use of hCG for the cleavage-stage ET rather than blastocyst-stage ET to achieve maximal effects of IVF-ET.

Cellular adaptations leading to coral fragment attachment on artificial substrates in Acropora millepora (Am-CAM)

Reproductive propagation by asexual fragmentation in the reef-building coral Acropora millepora depends on (1) successful attachment to the reef substrate through modification of soft tissues and (2) a permanent bond with skeletal encrustation. Despite decades of research examining asexual propagation in corals, the initial response, cellular reorganisation, and development leading to fragment substrate attachment via a newly formed skeleton has not been documented in its entirety. Here, we establish the first "coral attachment model" for this species ("Am-CAM") by developing novel methods that allow correlation of fluorescence and electron microscopy image data with in vivo microscopic time-lapse imagery. This multi-scale imaging approach identified three distinct phases involved in asexual propagation: (1) the contact response of the coral fragment when contact with the substrate, followed by (2) fragment stabilisation through anchoring by the soft tissue, and (3) formation of a "lappet-like appendage" structure leading to substrate bonding of the tissue for encrustation through the onset of skeletal calcification. In developing Am-CAM, we provide new biological insights that can enable reef researchers, managers and coral restoration practitioners to begin evaluating attachment effectiveness, which is needed to optimise species-substrate compatibility and achieve effective outplanting.

Biocode: A Data-Driven Procedure to Learn the Growth of Biological Networks.

Probabilistic biological network growth models have been utilized for many tasks including but not limited to capturing mechanism and dynamics of biological growth activities, null model representation, capturing anomalies, etc. Well-known examples of these probabilistic models are Kronecker model, preferential attachment model, and duplication-based model. However, we should frequently keep developing new models to better fit and explain the observed network features while new networks are being observed. Additionally, it is difficult to develop a growth model each time we study a new network. In this paper, we propose Biocode, a framework to automatically discover novel biological growth models matching user-specified graph attributes in directed and undirected biological graphs. Biocode designs a basic set of instructions which are common enough to model a number of well-known biological graph growth models. We combine such instruction-wise representation with a genetic algorithm based optimization procedure to encode models for various biological networks. We mainly evaluate the performance of Biocode in discovering models for biological collaboration networks, gene regulatory networks, and protein interaction networks which features such as assortativity, clustering coefficient, degree distribution closely match with the true ones in the corresponding real biological networks.