The critical congenital heart diseases during the neonatal period include the following types: (1) congenital heart disease with ductus-dependent pulmonary blood supply:pulmonary atresia,critical pulmonary stenosis,tricuspid atresia, Ebstein anomaly. (2) Congenital heart disease with ductus-dependent systemic blood supply: hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interrupted aortic arch, critical aortic stenosis.(3) Other congenital heart disease:complete transposition of the great arteries,critical tetralogy of Fallot,total abnormal pulmonary venous drainage, and persistent trucus arteriosus. This article focuses on the management of these diseases. Key words: Congenital heart diseases; Critical illness; Infant,newborn