Prevalence Of Atopic Dermatitis Research Articles

Investigation of the Prevalence and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis in South Korea Using a Large National Dataset.

Updated reports on the population-based analysis of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Korea are rare. This study aimed to investigate the nationwide prevalence and systemic medication prescription trends of AD in Korea. Based on the Korean National Health Insurance database, the prevalence of AD and systemic medication prescription trends in patients with AD were analyzed according to age groups and regional districts from 2010 to 2015. The prevalence of AD was the highest among patients aged 0-1 year (18.6%-24.5%), decreasing rapidly with increasing age (<2% in patients aged ≥20 years). From 2010 to 2015, the prevalence of AD decreased in children but increased slightly in adolescents and adults. In 2015, the proportion of systemic steroid prescriptions increased from 11.2% in the 0-9 years age group to 41.1% in the 50-59 years age group, while that of systemic antibiotic prescriptions gradually decreased from 6.2% in the 0-9 years age group to 1.8% in the 80-89 years age group. The proportion of systemic steroid prescriptions by region remained consistently high in Gyeongbuk (34.2%- 34.9%) and low in Daejeon (20.2%-22.5%). The annual proportion of systemic cyclosporine prescriptions increased significantly from 0.6% in 2010 to 1.2% in 2015, with the highest rates observed in patients in their 30s (1.5%-2.4%), followed by those in their 20s (1.3%-2.3%) and 40s (1.1%-2.0%). From 2010 to 2015, the prevalence of AD decreased in children but increased slightly in adolescents and adults. Approximately one-fourth of the patients with AD were prescribed systemic steroids, and the percentage of cyclosporine prescriptions doubled during the study period.

Prevalence of atopic eczema in adolescents from a very low prevalence area (Kosovo): role of wheezing, gender, exercise, and paracetamol.

The epidemiology of atopic eczema in adolescents in Kosovo is virtually unknown, and the risk factors for the condition in very low-prevalence areas (as it was the case) are not well studied. The objective of the present study was to better know those factors and whether the presence of comorbid wheezing symptoms modifies the factors. The cross-sectional survey, Global Asthma Network-validated questionnaire, which includes questions on eczema symptoms and environmental factors (such as smoking, pet ownership, paracetamol usage, truck traffic, siblings, time spent using screens or watching television, and physical exercise), was administered to adolescents in the following main cities of Kosovo: Ferizaj, Gjakova, Gjilan, Peja, Prishtina, and Prizren. Additionally, height and weight were measured at school. Prevalence of eczema symptoms ranged from 2.2% in Ferizaj to 5.5% in Gjakova. Severe symptoms were <1% in all cities. Eczema ever ranged from 3.0% in Ferizaj to 6.4% in Prizren. Factors significantly associated with the prevalence of current eczema symptoms in the meta-analysis were males (pooled adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.50, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] 0.37-0.66); physical exercise (pooled aOR 2.79, 95% CI 1.89-4.10); and paracetamol intake (pooled 1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.64). The corresponding figures for eczema ever were as follows: pooled aOR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.44-1.06; pooled aOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.48-2.90; and pooled aOR 1.19, 95% CI 0.88-1.60. The associations tended to be higher in the subpopulation with eczema and wheezing comorbidity. The prevalence of atopic eczema is very low in Kosovo and is associated with females, physical exercise, and paracetamol intake. These associations are higher when eczema and wheezing are comorbid conditions.

Reducing disparities in the care of atopic dermatitis.

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is associated with a number of published disparities, including those related to self-identified racial/ethnic populations. Black/African American populations in the United States experience greater AD prevalence, severity, and persistence compared to other demographic groups, such as those who self-identify as White. There is consistent evidence that healthcare, environmental, and socioeconomic factors affect the prevalence, severity, and/or persistence of AD. Additionally, because of institutional and systemic racism, these same risk factors are more prevalent in racial and ethnic minority populations. Herein, we review the underlying causes of racial/ethnic disparities in AD and potential strategies to improve AD diagnosis and disease control.

Trends in atopic dermatitis prevalence among the Chinese population (1990-2021) with projections for 2022-2030.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) has the highest disease burden among all skin diseases. However, reports on AD prevalence trends in China are limited. This study aimed to investigate the time trends of AD prevalence in China from 1990 to 2021 and to explore the age and sex differences. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study, 2021. We analyzed the annual percentage change in the crude prevalence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of AD from 1990 to 2021 using the Joinpoint model. We predicted the future prevalence of AD from 2022 to 2030 using the Bayesian age-period-cohort model. The total ASPR decreased slightly from 1990 (1357.93 per 100,000) to 2021 (1347.11 per 100,000). The ASPR of females (1457.64 per 100,000) was higher than that of males (1247.04 per 100,000) in 2021. The prevalence rate of AD was highest in the under 5 years old age group (3455.56 per 100,000) and the 5-9 years old age group (3360.31 per 100,000). By 2030, the predicted ASPR of AD will be 1394.36 (per 100,000) in males and 1603.69 in females (per 100,000). The predicted prevalence rate in the under 5 years old (3996.14 per 100,000 in males and 3990.68 per 100,000 in females) and 5-9 years old (3714.61 per 100,000 in males and 3963.96 per 100,000 in females) age groups will be higher than those in other age groups. Despite a slight decrease from 1990 to 2021, there has been an increasing trend since 2015 in the total AD burden. Given the increasing burden of AD on Chinese children and females, healthcare practitioners should enhance community education, improve disease management abilities of patients and caregivers, and reduce the burden and healthcare costs of AD.

Sex-Specific and Long-Term Trends of Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis in South Korea, 2007–2022: A Nationwide Representative Study

Introduction: Although sex differences in allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma are considered important, a limited number of studies during the COVID-19 pandemic investigated this aspect. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze sex-specific and long-term trends and risk factors for allergic diseases before and during the pandemic. Methods: This study utilized data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2022, including 92,135 participants aged 19 years and older. This study used weighted multivariate regression analysis to examine the estimates of related factors and assessed weighted odds ratios or β-coefficients for these factors across multiple categories. Results: During the study period (2007–2022), the prevalence of AR was more common in females than in males. Particularly in 2022, the prevalence among females was 19.3% (95% confidence interval, 17.3–21.3), while among males, it was 15.6% (13.8–17.4). The prevalence of AD and asthma showed a slight disparity between males and females. Before and during the pandemic, the prevalence of AD and AR showed a continuous increase (AD: from 2.8% [2.5–3.2] in 2007–2009 to 4.7% [3.9–5.4] in 2022; AR: from 11.7% [11.1–12.4] in 2007–2009 to 17.4% [16.0–18.9] in 2022), while asthma maintained a relatively stable trend. Moreover, this study identified several sex-specific factors that seem to be associated with a higher prevalence of allergic diseases in females, such as high household income, smoking, and being overweight or obese. Conclusions: Throughout all the periods examined, females consistently exhibited a higher prevalence of AR compared to males. Moreover, the risk factors for males and females varied depending on the disease, with females generally facing a greater number of risk factors. Consequently, this study highlights the necessity for sex-specific health interventions and further research to comprehend the complex influence of socioeconomic factors and lifestyle choices on the prevalence and risk of AD, AR, and asthma.

Dynamics of the level of interleukin 31 and 33, cortisol and filaggrin in the blood serum of pregnant women with atopic dermatitis during treatment with a combination of an emollient and a topical antipruritic agent

Introduction. The widespread prevalence of atopic dermatitis and decreased quality of life make the problem urgent and require the search for new treatment methods. In atopic dermatitis, excessive expression of interleukins 31 and 33 in keratinocytes is noted. In patients with atopic dermatitis, there is an increase in serum cortisol and filaggrin levels. In recent years, active development of drugs has been carried out, aimed mainly at the immune component of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. However, clinical trials of these drugs are not conducted on pregnant women. For the treatment of atopic dermatitis during pregnancy, we have proposed a regimen of external therapy, including a topical moisturizer and a topical antipruritic agent.Aim. To evaluate the levels of interleukins 31, 33, cortisol and filaggrin in blood serum before and after treatment of atopic dermatitis with a combination of emollient and topical antipruritic agent.Materials and methods. The examination included 76 pregnant women during an exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. The levels of interleukins 31, 33, cortisol and filaggrin were determined in the blood serum at the first visit and after 4 weeks of using the proposed combination of emollient and topical antipruritic agent using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results. Against the background of the proposed therapy, a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of interleukins 31 was noted from 28.98 to 2.08 pg/ml, filaggrin from 9.72 to 5.26 ng/ml, cortisol from 629.80 to 472.25 pg/ml (p = 0,001). There were no statistically significant fluctuations in interleukins 33 levels (p = 0,124).Conclusion. The combination of external therapy with the use of an emollient and a topical antipruritic agent reduces the production of interleukins 31, cortisol and filaggrin in the blood serum, but the content of interleukins 33 does not change significantly.

Atopic dermatitis and hand eczema in Danish adults: A nationwide population-based study.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and hand eczema often co-occur, particularly among adults. To examine the interplay between AD and hand eczema in the general population, by characterising prevalence, disease severity, contact sensitization, and comorbidities in individuals with one or both conditions. In this cross-sectional study, 100 000 randomly selected adults in the Danish general population received a questionnaire via a secure, digital mailbox linked to their civil registration number. Participants answered questions regarding eczema, disease severity, patch testing, and comorbidities. A total of 40 007 individuals responded to the question on a lifetime prevalence of AD, and the prevalence among adult Danes was 9.0%. Nearly one third of individuals with AD reported moderate to severe disease. AD was associated with contact sensitization and increased hand eczema prevalence. Individuals with both AD and hand eczema reported worse disease severity. Furthermore, having both conditions was associated with an increased risk of psychiatric comorbidities. This study provided updated information about unselected adults with AD in Denmark. Individuals with both AD and hand eczema represent a vulnerable subgroup that physicians should be attentive to.

Evolving Trends in Pediatric Allergic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study Over 20 Years in the Central Black Sea Region of Turkey.

Background: In the past two decades, the prevalence of asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis has increased among school-aged children in the Central Black Sea region of Turkey. This increase is consistent with national and international data, reflecting the impact and temporal changes of allergic diseases on the community. A similar increasing trend is also observed worldwide. This study aims to contribute to the development of health policies related to allergic diseases among Turkish children in the Central Black Sea region. Materials and Methods: This study compares the results of two cross-sectional surveys conducted in schools in and around Samsun, Turkey, between the years 2006 and 2022, examining changes in the prevalence of specific allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic eczema. Utilizing the Turkish translation of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood protocol, the research encompassed a total of 1,310 and 3,219 children, respectively. Results: In the recent study conducted in 2022, the prevalence of asthma and allergic bronchitis diagnosed by physicians was found to be 10.5% and 4.6%, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was determined to be 3.1% and the prevalence of atopic dermatitis was 2.5%. Moreover, previously unidentified rates of food allergy were determined to be 2.5%, and drug allergy was found to be 2.4%. Furthermore, a comparison with a cross-sectional study conducted in the same region 20 years ago revealed a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma and allergic bronchitis (with P-values of 0.0375 and 0.0107, respectively). Discussion: The findings of this study suggest a similar trend of increasing prevalence of allergic diseases when compared with similar studies at national and global levels. Consistent with trends identified in the international literature, Turkey is also affected by the rising prevalence of allergic diseases.

Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) negatively affects quality of life and places a substantial financial burden on health care systems due to treatment costs and increased demand for services. Objective: To estimate the worldwide prevalence of AD, the proportion of severe cases worldwide and explore sources of heterogeneity. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Global Index Medicus from January 2012 up until August 30, 2022. We included primary prevalence studies published from 2012 onward. Study selection was conducted by two reviewers independently. One reviewer performed data extraction and assessed risk of bias using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies, with independent checking by a second reviewer. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool results; subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate potential modifiers. Certainty of evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Main outcomes were point prevalence and proportion of severe cases. Results: We identified 12,774 unique references and assessed 1029 full texts, ultimately resulting in the inclusion of 310 studies with 25.5 million individuals. Point prevalence was 11.1% (95% CI 9.4-13.1; 123 studies; 12,776,910 individuals; moderate certainty of evidence) in children and adolescents, and 6.3% (95% CI 5.0-7.8; 59 studies; 12,794,260 individuals; moderate certainty of evidence) in adults. Relatively similar results were observed for studies with low risk of bias. Proportion of severe cases varied from 1.9 to 7.2% in children and adolescents and 2.8% to 15.6% in adults. Conclusions: These findings may underpin effective health care policies, research initiatives, and clinical decision-making.

Navigating the evolving landscape of atopic dermatitis: Challenges and future opportunities: The 4th Davos declaration.

The 4th Davos Declaration was developed during the Global Allergy Forum in Davos which aimed to elevate the care of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) by uniting experts and stakeholders. The forum addressed the high prevalence of AD, with a strategic focus on advancing research, treatment, and management to meet the evolving challenges in the field. This multidisciplinary forum brought together top leaders from research, clinical practice, policy, and patient advocacy to discuss the critical aspects of AD, including neuroimmunology, environmental factors, comorbidities, and breakthroughs in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The discussions were geared towards fostering a collaborative approach to integrate these advancements into practical, patient-centric care. The forum underlined the mounting burden of AD, attributing it to significant environmental and lifestyle changes. It acknowledged the progress in understanding AD and in developing targeted therapies but recognized a gap in translating these innovations into clinical practice. Emphasis was placed on the need for enhanced awareness, education, and stakeholder engagement to address this gap effectively and to consider environmental and lifestyle factors in a comprehensive disease management strategy. The 4th Davos Declaration marks a significant milestone in the journey to improve care for people with AD. By promoting a holistic approach that combines research, education, and clinical application, the Forum sets a roadmap for stakeholders to collaborate to improve patient outcomes in AD, reflecting a commitment to adapt and respond to the dynamic challenges of AD in a changing world.

Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in the Adult Population of Catalonia, Spain: A Large-Scale, Retrospective, Population-Based Study.

Studies on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults in general populations are scarce worldwide. We performed a retrospective population-based observational cohort study of 537 098 adult patients diagnosed with AD in Catalonia, Spain, a larger population than in previous studies. Objectives: To study the prevalence of AD by age, sex, disease severity, multimorbidity, serum total immunoglobin E (tIgE), and appropriate medical treatment (AMT) for the population of Catalonia. The study population comprised adult individuals (≥18 years) diagnosed with AD according to medical records at different health care levels (primary, hospital, emergency) in the Catalan Health System. Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics, prevalence, multimorbidity, serum tIgE, and AMT. The prevalence of AD in the adult Catalan population was 8.7%, being higher for nonsevere disease (8.5%) than for severe disease (0.2%) and in females (10.1%) than in males (7.3%). Topical corticosteroids were the most prescribed drug (66.5%), and treatment was prescribed more frequently in severe AD patients, especially systemic corticosteroids (63.8%) and immunosuppressants (60.7%). More than half of severe AD patients (52.2%) had serum tIgE ≥100 kU/L, and higher values were observed for those with multimorbidity. The most frequent comorbid respiratory diseases were acute bronchitis (13.7%), allergic rhinitis (12.1%), and asthma (8.6%). We provide new and robust evidence of the prevalence of AD and related characteristics in adults using a large-scale population-based study and a more significant cohort of individuals.

Effectiveness and Safety of Upadacitinib for Adolescents with Atopic Dermatitis in a Real-World Setting.

The estimated prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) among adolescents (12-17years of age) is about 14.8%. AD compromises sleep quality and may be associated with poor scholastic performance, mood disruptions, low self-esteem, and difficulty in building social relationships. Upadacitinib was recently approved by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD in patients aged ≥12years who are candidates for systemic treatment. The aim of this real-world study was to determine the effectiveness in disease control and safety of upadacitinib in adolescents aged 12-17yearswithmoderate-to-severe AD. This is a retrospective study in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD treated with upadacitinib 15mg between July 2022 and February 2024 at six Italian dermatological referral centres. The primary endpoint was to analyse the evolution of the response in terms of absolute Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) value, as well as the percentage of patients achieving 75% and 90% improvement in EASI (EASI75 and EASI90) from baseline to weeks (W) 4, 16, 24, and 52. Secondary endpoints included the assessment of treatment efficacy in terms of Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pruritus (P-NRS) and sleep (S-NRS), Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (c-DLQI), and safety. Thirty-six patients [males: 18 (50%)] were evaluated. A statistically significant improvement of EASI was observed at each timepoint, as stated by a mean percentage reduction from baseline of 72.2% at W4, 82.7% at W16, of 86.4% at W24 (n=34) and of 92.7% at W52 (n=18) (p<0.0001). At W4, 21/36 (58.3%) achieved EASI75 and 12/36 (33.3%) EASI90. At W16, 29/36 (80.5%) achieved EASI75 and 19/36 (52.8%) EASI90. At W24, 32/34 (94.1%) reached EASI75 and 24/34 (70.6%) EASI90. Finally, at W52 all the assessed patients (n=18) maintained EASI75 and 14/18 (77.7%) reached EASI90. Likewise, a statistically significant reduction of c-DLQI, P-NRS and S-NRS was observed at each timepoint. Our real-world experience seems to confirm the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib for the long-term treatment of moderate-to-severe AD in adolescents.

Clinical Spectrum of Atopic Dermatitis in Pediatric Age Group from a Tertiary Care Center in India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory, relapsing skin disorder with early age of onset in infancy and early childhood. A gradual increase in the prevalence of AD has been observed recently, especially in low-income countries like ours. Objective: We aimed to study the epidemiology and clinical profile of AD among pediatric age group in a tertiary care hospital in North India. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over 1 year in the department of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases in a tertiary care center in India. All children diagnosed with AD, aged 0–18 years, were recruited, and their clinical and demographic data were recorded. Results: In the 62 children having AD, the mean age was 7.7 ± 6.3 years. Majority of children belonged to the age group of 1–5 years. The mean age of onset of AD was 2.3 ± 2.2 years. A personal history of atopy was present in 53.2% of children, whereas 48.3% of children had a family history of atopy. Acute AD was the most common clinical type that was noted in 43.5%. Hyperlinearity of palms, keratosis pilaris, pityriasis alba, and periorbital darkening were found in 59.6%, 33.8%, 24.1%, and 29% of children, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of AD is low in developing countries like India, but it is slowly rising due to rapidly evolving urbanization and environmental changes. Disease manifestation is usually mild to moderate in Indian patients; hence, vigilant eyes and high clinical suspicion are required for accurate diagnosis and efficient management of AD in Indian settings.

Utilization and related harms of systemic glucocorticosteroids for atopic dermatitis: claims data analysis.

Systemic glucocorticosteroids (SGCs) are used in the short-term treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), but are not recommended for long-term use because they are associated with severe side-effects. This study aimed to characterize the utilization and potentially negative effects of SGC use for AD in German statutory health insurance (SHI) claims data. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of a large nationwide SHI dataset. SGC drug prescriptions and incidences of predefined comorbidities after drug initiation that were known to be potentially harmful side-effects were analysed. SGC use was quantified by (-definition1) the number of quarters with at least one SGC prescription and (definition 2) the defined daily doses (DDD). Comparisons were adjusted for age, sex and morbidity. The AD prevalence was 4.07% in 2020 (4.12% women, 3.42% men). During this period 9.91% of people with AD were prescribed SGCs compared with 5.54% in people without AD (P < 0.01). Prescribing of SGCs was significantly higher in women (10.20% vs. 9.42% in men, P < 0.01) and in the elderly. AD and SGC prevalence varied regionally. In a 3-year follow-up period, 58% of people with AD receiving a SGC were prescribed SGCs in > one quarter and 15% in > six quarters. The odds of developing osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR) 3.90 -(definition1) and 1.80 (definition 2)] and diabetes [OR 1.90 (definition 1) and 1.38 (definition 2)] were significantly higher in people with AD on SGCs, especially in the frequently prescribed group compared with the rarely prescribed group, regardless of quantified use. A considerable number of people with AD in Germany are prescribed long-term SGCs. The onset of medical conditions known to be harmful effects of steroids was significantly more frequent in those who were frequently prescribed SGCs, indicating the need for optimized healthcare.

Targeted Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis: A Novel Approach

Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic, inflammatory, and widespread skin disease with heterogeneous manifestations having a significant influence on the lives of youngsters and adults. Atopic Dermatitis prevalence is higher in african-american children compared with european american children and it is mainly caused by the interaction between various factors such as genetics, skin barrier dysfunction, and immune abnormalities. Despite various available treatment options for atopic dermatitis, they often fall short in addressing the root cause, prompting patients to seek more effective and enduring solutions. To combat these shortcomings, researchers are focusing on the development of targeted therapy. The development of targeted treatment options involves the utilization of a range of biologic agents designed to pinpoint specific components and regulators of inflammatory pathways associated with allergic and inflammatory conditions. Phytochemicals viz. alkaloids, phenols, carotenoids, and organo-sulfurs have been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries which contribute to increased efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. The objective of this review is to provide information regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and evolving landscape of targeted therapy for atopic dermatitis, encompassing both biologics and phytochemicals.

The prevalence of atopic dermatitis and the effect of breastfeeding on atopic dermatitis among Saudi infants aged up to six months in the Al Madinah region

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin condition in infants, and breastfeeding has been proposed as a potential protective factor. The study aims to investigate the prevalence of AD in infants based on guardians' reports and the impact of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and formula feeding on the incidence of AD among Saudi infants in the Al Madinah region. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 200 mothers with infants was conducted using a structured questionnaire. Data collected included demographics, breastfeeding practices, infant characteristics, allergies, and AD diagnosis. Statistical analysis employed chi-square. Results: There were a total of 200 infants, out of which 145 (72.5%) had AD, as confirmed by pediatricians. Gender was significantly associated with the prevalence of AD. Based on their nutritional source, 62 (42.8%) were on EBF, and 83 (57.2%) were non-EBF. Infant nutrition was found to be significantly associated with the hospitalization time of infants because of AD. Other AD risk factors, such as parental allergies, feeding frequencies, and frequency of AD episodes, were not significantly associated with the type of feeding. Conclusions: This study found that AD is quite prevalent in the Al Madinah region of Saudi Arabia. AD was more prevalent in male infants than in females. It suggests that EBF may be a protective factor against hospitalization of Saudi infants because of AD.

Development of a predictive model for pediatric atopic dermatitis: A retrospective cross-sectional nationwide database study

BackgroundThe rise in prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been correlated with numerous elements of the exposome, modern-day lifestyle, and familial history. The combined analysis of familial history and other risk elements may allow us to understand the driving factors behind the development of AD. ObjectiveTo develop prediction models to assess the risk of developing AD using a large and diverse cohort (N = 77,525) and easily assessed risk factors. MethodsWe analyzed electronic medical record data from Leumit Health System. Documented predictive factors include sex, season of birth, environment (urban/rural), socioeconomic status, household smoking, diagnosed skin conditions, number of siblings, a paternal, maternal, or sibling history of an atopic condition, and antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy or after birth. Predictive models were trained and validated on the data set. ResultsMedium (odds ratio [OR] 2.04, CI 1.92-2.17, P < .001) and high (OR 2.13, CI 1.95-2.34, P < .001) socioeconomic status, a previous diagnosis of contact dermatitis (OR 2.57, CI 2.37-2.78, P < .001), presence of siblings with an AD diagnosis (OR 2.21, CI 2.04-2.40, P < .001), and the percentage of siblings with any atopic condition (OR 2.58, CI 2.09-3.17, P < .001) drove risk for AD in a logistic regression model. A random forest prediction model with a sensitivity of 61% and a specificity of 84% was developed. Generalized mixed models accounting for the random effect of familial relationships boasted an area under the curve of 0.98. ConclusionPredictive modeling using noninvasive and accessible inputs is a powerful tool to stratify risk for developing AD.

EPH215 Recent Trends in the Incidence and Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in the United States: Eliciting Differences by Age and Sex

EPH215 Recent Trends in the Incidence and Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in the United States: Eliciting Differences by Age and Sex

National prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents from 2009 to 2022

Previous studies have examined the prevalence of allergic diseases in adolescents 1–2 years after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, more data is needed to understand the long-term impact of COVID-19 on allergic diseases. Thus, we aimed to examine the trend of the atopic dermatitis prevalence in Korean adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic across 14 years. Additionally, we analyze the risk factors of atopic dermatitis (AD) based on the results. The Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency conducted the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey from 2009 to 2022, from which the data for this study were obtained. Prevalence trends were compared across subgroups, and the β difference (βdiff) was calculated. We computed odds ratios to examine changes in the disease prevalence before and during the pandemic. This study included a total of 917,461 participants from 2009 to 2022. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis increased from 6.79% (95% CI 6.66–6.91) in 2009–2011 to 6.89% (95% CI 6.72–7.05) in 2018–2019, then decreased slightly to 5.82% (95% CI 5.60–6.04) in 2022. Across the 14 years, middle school student status, low parent’s highest education level, low household income, non-alcohol consumption, non-smoker smoking status, no suicidal thoughts, and no suicide attempts were associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis, while female sex, rural residence, high BMI, low school performance, low household income, and no feelings of sadness and despair was associated with a small increase. This study examined the prevalence of atopic dermatitis across an 18-year, and found that the prevalence increased in the pre-pandemic then decreased during the start of the pandemic and remained constant throughout the pandemic. This trend could be explained mainly by the large scale social and political changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Chinese Elderly Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Study

Introduction: With the aging of the population in China, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) is high in elderly patients. These patients usually have more comorbidities and they need more effective and safer treatments. Dupilumab is an anti-interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor monoclonal antibody which was approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD. Methods: Elderly patients (60 years or older) with moderate-to-severe AD who treated with dupilumab were included. Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS), EASI-50, EASI-75, and EASI-50 were evaluated. The efficacy in subgroups was also investigated. Results: Fifty-eight patients were enrolled. The EASI score and PP-NRS score were significantly reduced at weeks 4, 16, 28, and 52. 91.2% and 79.4% of the patients achieved EASI-50 and EASI-75 at week 16, respectively. 95.8% and 87.5% patients achieved EASI-50 and EASI-75 at week 52, respectively. Adverse events were reported in 10 (17.2%) patients, and no severe adverse event was reported. Male, older age, and moderate AD (EASI <21) were related to better efficacy. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that dupilumab is effective and safe in elderly patients with AD.