Atopic Dermatitis In Relation Research Articles

Measurement of Serum Interleukin 24 Specific Immunoglobulin E in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria and Atopic Dermatitis Patients

Abstract Background Interleukin-24 is one of the IL-10 cytokine family, it exhibits several functions as autoimmune effect in many diseases of immune origin as chronic spontaneous urticaria. Therefore SP IL24 IgE has been extensively studied for its potential role in the pathogenesis of these diseases, and it hasn’t been studied in AD. Aim of the Work To evaluate the presence and percentage of serum IL24 specific IgE in chronic spontaneous urticaria and atopic dermatitis in relation to severity of the diseases. Patients and Methods This case control study were done on 20 AD patients, 20 CSU patients, and 20 apparently healthy matched aged and sex controls. Included subjects were subjected to full general and dermatological examination, calculation of AD score for patients using SCORAD and calculation of urticaria activity score seven (UAS7) for CSU patients. Autologous serum skin test and measurement of total serum IgE and IL24 specific IgE in all subjects were performed. Results Our results showed that: autologous skin testing revealed significantly higher positive ASST in CSU patients compared to AD patients and control subjects, ASST results were significantly prevalent in CSU female patients compared to males and significantly correlated with increased disease activity. In addition Specific IL24 IgE levels were significantly higher in AD and CSU patients compared to controls being highest in AD patients. Also, specific IL24 IgE discriminated AD and CSU patients from controls with sensitivity and specificity of 90%. Conclusion IL24 specific IgE can be considered as a common, specific, and functional auto-antigen of IgE antibodies in patients with CSU and AD.

Pooled Analysis of Baricitinib Tolerability in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis in Relation to Acne, Headache, and Gastrointestinal Events From 8 Clinical Trials.

Background: Tolerability issues including acne, nausea, and headache have been reported with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Objectives: To report outcomes of tolerability adverse events (AEs) for baricitinib, a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Methods: Acne, headache, and gastrointestinal AEs are reported from placebo-controlled and long-term extensions of pooled data in the baricitinib AD clinical trial program. Proportions of patients with AEs, incidence rates (IRs)/100 patient-years at risk, and median time to onset/duration of AEs were calculated. Results: In 2531 patients treated with baricitinib, most AEs were mild to moderate in severity. Headache was the most common AE of tolerability (median of 14-26 days after first dose of baricitinib, lasting ≤3 days). IRs of acne were <5 in any group lasting up to a median of 90 days with no severe AEs. Diarrhea was the most common gastrointestinal AE, lasting a median of ≤7 days. There were few study drug interruptions (n = 6) and permanent discontinuations (n = 5) for tolerability AEs. Conclusions: For the AEs of tolerability analyzed, baricitinib appears to be well tolerated. Overall, the frequency of these AEs in patients being treated for moderate-to-severe AD was low with few leading to study drug interruption or permanent discontinuation. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT02576938; NCT03334396; NCT03334422; NCT03428100; NCT03435081; NCT03733301; NCT03334435; NCT03559270.

Young adults’ perceptions of living with atopic dermatitis in relation to the concept of self-management: a qualitative study

ObjectivesLearning to take control of one’s health is an important part of the transition from adolescence to adulthood. This study aimed to explore young adults’ perceptions of living with atopic...

Severity of atopic dermatitis in relation to food and inhalant allergy in adults and adolescents

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is the evaluation of the relationship between the severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) and the occurrence of IgE-mediated food allergy, food sensitization, and sensitization to inhalant allergens. The complete dermatological and allergological examinations were performed and the severity of AD was evaluated with the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis index. The statistical evaluation of the relationship between the occurrence of IgE-mediated food allergy, food sensitization, sensitization to inhalant allergens, and the severity of AD was performed. Two hundred and eighty-three patients were examined, 89 men and 194 women, average age 26.2 (s.d. 9.5). The significant relation was recorded between the severity of AD and sensitization to tested inhalant allergens. The significant relation was also found between the severity of AD and IgE-mediated food allergy. It turns out that the higher time to reaction, the higher the severity of AD.

Association between Dietary Patterns and Atopic Dermatitis in Relation to GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphisms in Young Children.

Previous research suggests the association of glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms or diet, but no interactions between these factors in atopic dermatitis (AD). We conducted a community-based case-control study including 194 AD and 244 matched non-AD preschoolers. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) present/null genotypes were evaluated uisng a multiplex PCR method. We measured dietary intakes by a validated food frequency questionnaire and constructed three dietary patterns such as “traditional healthy”, “animal foods”, and “sweets” diets. In stratified analyses by GST genotypes, the “traditional healthy” diet and reduced AD showed association only in the GSTM1-present group (odd ratio (OR) 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13–0.75). A similar pattern of the association existed in the combined GSTM1/T1 genotype that indicated the inverse association between the “traditional healthy” diet and AD in the double GSTM1/T1-present genotype group (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.06–0.93). Results from the multiplicative test analyses showed that the “traditional healthy” diet on reduced AD was significant or borderline significant in the GSTM1-present group (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54–0.92 vs. GSTM1-null group) or the GSTM1/T1 double present group (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.39–1.03 vs. GSTM1/T1 double null group). These findings demonstrate that the present type of GSTM1 may increase susceptibility to the potential effect of the “traditional healthy” diet on AD.

History of allergy and atopic dermatitis in relation to squamous cell and Basal cell carcinoma of the skin.

Little is known about whether history of allergies and atopy is related to the occurrence of keratinocyte cancers. Thus, we evaluated the association between history of allergies and atopy and the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and early onset basal cell carcinoma (BCC). As part of a population-based case-control study, interviews were conducted with 1,050 residents of New Hampshire (375 early onset BCC cases and 251 controls, 254 SCC cases and 432 controls). ORs of SCC and early onset BCC and history of allergy and atopic dermatitis were computed using logistic regression, while controlling for potential confounding factors. An overall inverse association was observed between a history of allergy and early onset BCC [OR, 0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.38-0.97] but not SCC (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.78-1.79). Among women, we found reduced ORs of both early onset BCC and of SCC in relation to allergy history (early onset BCC OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.31-0.92 and SCC OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.29-1.19). Among men, we observed no clear association with early onset BCC (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.39-1.99) and an increased risk of SCC (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 0.93-2.69). Our findings suggest that allergies and atopy may influence risk of early onset BCC and SCC, and that effects may be gender specific. A deeper understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying allergies and atopy may provide new routes of preventing keratinocyte cancers.

Stress sensitivity in patients with atopic dermatitis in relation to the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO).

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, characterized by pruritic and eczematous skin lesions and dermatitis that worsens under stressful conditions. However, the relation of these symptoms to an individual's stress sensitivity is not well understood. On the other hand, expression of the translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO), formerly known as the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, has been used as a biological marker of trait anxiety and stress sensitivity. The present study was designed to address this issue by examining TSPO in patients with AD. Fifty-two patients with AD (30 male and 22 female) and 163 healthy volunteers (89 male and 74 female) participated in this study. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores were significantly higher in patients with AD, especially male patients, than in healthy subjects. The expression of platelet TSPO, as determined with a binding assay with [(3)H] PK11195, was also significantly higher in patients with AD, indicating that AD is a stress-responsive disease. In genomic analysis using lymphocytes, a single-nucleotide polymorphism of the human TSPO gene at exon 4 (485G>A), which is presumably associated with an individual's stress sensitivity, showed significantly lower frequencies of G/G and higher frequencies of G/A in patients with AD than in healthy subjects. The severity of AD, as determined with the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis index, was correlated with TSPO expression in male patients with the G/A phenotype. In conclusion, the present study provides new evidence that variation in the TSPO gene affects susceptibility to AD.

The relationship between atopic dermatitis and indoor environmental factors: a cross-sectional study among Japanese elementary school children

This study aimed to determine that home environmental factors were associated with atopic dermatitis in Japanese elementary school children. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 4,254 children in 12 public elementary schools in Sapporo city in Hokkaido, Japan were examined. Atopic dermatitis was defined using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. The questionnaires also contained 14 questions about the child's home environment. To obtain multivariate-adjusted ORs for atopic dermatitis in relation to the home environment, we controlled for possible confounders including gender, school grade, parental history of allergies, number of siblings, and whether the child was firstborn. The study participants were then divided into two groups according to gender, and a stratified analysis was performed to obtain adjusted ORs for atopic dermatitis in relation to the home environment. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in our sample was 16.7 %. Using fully adjusted models, the risk factors for atopic dermatitis were found to be the household use of a non-electric heating system without a ventilation duct to the outside (compared to the use of an electric heating system), having visible mould in the house, having a mouldy odour in the house, and condensation on the windowpanes in the house odds ratios (OR 1.25-1.54). In our stratified analysis, having visible mould and having a mouldy odour in the house were relevantly found to be risk factors for boys (OR 1.28-1.64). However, these associations were not found among girls. To improve children's health, further study is needed to corroborate the findings.

Evaluation of selected skin barrier functions in atopic dermatitis in relation to the disease severity and pruritus

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory pruritic dermatosis, which is characterized by an impaired skin barrier function manifested as an increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Aim: Presentation results of instrumental evaluation of the skin barrier function in AD patients in relation to the dis ease severity as well as pruritus. Material and methods: Fifty-five AD patients aged from 8 to 60 years were enrolled to the study. Epidermal barrier function (TEWL measurement and corneometry) as well as erythema measurement were determined in each patient within the same affected skin region, antecubital fossa. Clinical evaluation was performed using the W-AZS scor ing system. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean TEWL values between groups of patients with different degrees of skin inflammation expressed by the W-AZS index, while no significant differences were observed in relation to the skin hydration and ertyhema measurement. There was a statistically significant correlation between the W-AZS index and TEWL as well as between the W-AZS I index and TEWL. Conclusions: Selected parameters of the skin barrier function (TEWL, skin hydration) and the level of erythema are useful in evaluation of AD. Transepidermal water loss measurement presents a good correlation with W-AZS and with intensity of patients itching. Instrumental assessment provides us with a fast and objective evaluation of the eczema status, what seems to be very important in the era of evidence-based medicine.

Lésion eczématiforme chronique du sein après mise en place d’un clip chirurgical

We report a case of atopic dermatitis in relation with a surgical titanium clip. Such a complication has only been reported once in the literature. We advocate to ask the patients about query atopic manifestations especially contact dermatitis to metal before any procedure involving metallic implants.

Clinical features and diagnostic criteria of atopic dermatitis in relation to age

Clinical features and diagnostic criteria of atopic dermatitis in relation to age

Characterization by phenotype of families with atopic dermatitis

The aetiology of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but is probably multifactorial, with interactions between several genetic and environmental factors. Twin studies indicate a strong genetic factor, but the susceptibility genes are unknown. This paper, describing the phenotypes of family material, forms part of a large genetic study seeking to identify susceptibility genes for atopic dermatitis by linkage analysis. We selected families with at least 2 siblings affected with atopic dermatitis (1,097 affected siblings who together form 650 affected sib pairs and 49 affected half-sib pairs). We established a phenotype database of information about the affected siblings and their relatives, in total 5,830 individuals. All siblings were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and participated in a standardized interview covering aspects of atopy and atopic dermatitis. Of the affected siblings, 72% suffered or had suffered from asthma and/or allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and 74% had raised total and/or allergen-specific IgE serum levels. Seventeen percent of the siblings had been hospitalized for atopic dermatitis. Sixty-nine percent had 1 or both parents with atopic dermatitis. Among siblings with 1 parent with atopic dermatitis, 37% had a father with atopic dermatitis and 63% had a mother with atopic dermatitis, indicating maternal preponderance. Analysis of the occurrence of atopic dermatitis in relation to the birth order in the sibship shows an increased risk of atopic dermatitis in persons born early in a sibship. Although the families were selected for genetic sib-pair linkage analysis, we believe that this material is representative of atopic dermatitis families managed at hospitals in Stockholm.