Measurement of Serum Interleukin 24 Specific Immunoglobulin E in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria and Atopic Dermatitis Patients

Abstract

Abstract Background Interleukin-24 is one of the IL-10 cytokine family, it exhibits several functions as autoimmune effect in many diseases of immune origin as chronic spontaneous urticaria. Therefore SP IL24 IgE has been extensively studied for its potential role in the pathogenesis of these diseases, and it hasn’t been studied in AD. Aim of the Work To evaluate the presence and percentage of serum IL24 specific IgE in chronic spontaneous urticaria and atopic dermatitis in relation to severity of the diseases. Patients and Methods This case control study were done on 20 AD patients, 20 CSU patients, and 20 apparently healthy matched aged and sex controls. Included subjects were subjected to full general and dermatological examination, calculation of AD score for patients using SCORAD and calculation of urticaria activity score seven (UAS7) for CSU patients. Autologous serum skin test and measurement of total serum IgE and IL24 specific IgE in all subjects were performed. Results Our results showed that: autologous skin testing revealed significantly higher positive ASST in CSU patients compared to AD patients and control subjects, ASST results were significantly prevalent in CSU female patients compared to males and significantly correlated with increased disease activity. In addition Specific IL24 IgE levels were significantly higher in AD and CSU patients compared to controls being highest in AD patients. Also, specific IL24 IgE discriminated AD and CSU patients from controls with sensitivity and specificity of 90%. Conclusion IL24 specific IgE can be considered as a common, specific, and functional auto-antigen of IgE antibodies in patients with CSU and AD.