Atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide Research Articles

The Absorption of Atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide by Water Solutions

Results of a laboratory study indicate that the rate of solution of atmospheric sulfur dioxide in distilled water, over the range of atmospheric concentrations of 0.81−8.73 mg SO2/M3, is a function of the concentration of SO2 in the atmosphere, with saturation being reached more rapidly at the higher concentrations. This would indicate that rain water, with constantly renewed surfaces, can be very effective in the removal of atmospheric SO2. The pH of the exposed water samples reached values of 4.0 or less, comparable to values observed in fog and cloud water near large industrial areas. Overall solubility of sulfur dioxide in distilled water did not follow the law of partial pressure. At the atmospheric concentrations used it was found that over 98.5% of the sulfite in solution was in the form of the bisulfite ion with, the remainder present as unionized sulfurous acid. Computations using the concentration of unionized sulfurous acid in the solution showed that the solubility of this portion of dissolved sulfite did follow the law of partial pressure.

A sampling anomaly in the determination of atmospheric sulfate concentration.

Abstract Average particulate sulfate concentrations in air as measured from serial short-term samples collected on glass-fiber filters were consistently and significantly higher than those from single long-term samples. In investigating this anomaly, we found that significant amounts of extraneous sulfate can be formed on glass-fiber filters, presumably by oxidation of atmospheric sulfur dioxide, thus leading to highly inflated values for particulate sulfate as determined from short-term samples. The discrepancy is reduced with longer-term samples because the formation of sulfate from sulfur dioxide is surface-limited and reaches a saturation level.

Damage to Eastern White Pine by Sulfur Dioxide, Semimature-Tissue Needle Blight, and Ozone

Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) forests were severely damaged by atmospheric sulfur dioxide up to distances of 25 miles northeast of large smelters located in the Sudbury mining district of Ontario. Damage to white pine was measured in terms of foliage, bark, and biological injuries, radial and volume growth decrement, and tree mortality. The foliar symptoms of sulfur dioxide injury on white pine trees sometimes resembles those caused by a physiogenic disease, semimature-tissue needle blight (abbreviated to SNB). Studies on the nature and etiology of SNB were conducted in white pine forests in the Upper Ottawa Valley, which are remote from smelter operations which might pollute the atmosphere. These studies included the determination of the role that naturallyoccurring atmospheric ozone plays in the occurrence of SNB. Differences between the symptoms of sulfur dioxide injury, SNB, and ozone damage are outlined.

SULPHUR DIOXIDE INJURY TO TREES IN THE VICINITY OF PETROLEUM REFINERIES

Damaging concentrations of atmospheric sulphur dioxide have, under favorable environmental conditions, caused severe injury to susceptible trees growing in the vicinity of petroleum refineries located at Clarkson, Ontario and East St. Paul, Manitoba. The damage is described and the factors contributing to recent injury are discussed. Recommendations for correlating tree damage with sulphur dioxide emanations from refineries and for preventing recurrent damages are made.

Nitrite Interference in Spectrophotometric Determination of Atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide.

Nitrite Interference in Spectrophotometric Determination of Atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide.

NASHVILLE SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSION INVENTORY AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF EMISSION TO MEASURED SULFUR DIOXIDE.

A detailed inventory of sulfur dioxide emissions was prepared as part of the Nashville Community Air Pollution Study conducted by the Public Health Service during 1958–59. The primary purpose of the inventory was to provide data for a study of the relationship between the emission of sulfur dioxide and measured ambient levels. The development of the inventory, data collection methods, and calculations are described. Ambient levels of sulfur dioxide were related to average emissions of sulfur dioxide in such a way (correlation coefficient = 0.81) that mean seasonal concentrations of atmospheric sulfur dioxide in square-mile areas could be predicted with fairly good confidence from a knowledge of sulfur dioxide emissions. For these long-period {average) predictions meteorological variables can be disregarded. On a square-mile basis, on the average, one ton of sulfur dioxide emitted per day produced a mean atmospheric sulfur dioxide concentration of 0.022 ppm, and 10 tons of sulfur dioxide per day produced a concentration of 0.067 ppm.

Atmospheric sulfur dioxide and particulate matter. A comparison of methods of measurements.

Abstract Comparison of the results obtained from great numbers of samples using several different methods of measuring both ambient sulfur dioxide and particulate matter indicated that two different concurrent standard methods of measuring a single pollutant may give significantly different average results. In some communities, a fairly good to excellent correlation appears to exist between some of the different components of atmospheric particulate matter and also between these components and SO2, so that the concentration of one type of pollutant could be rather reliably predicted by measuring another type of pollutant.

Monitoring atmospheric SO2 employing inverse radioactive tracers.

A proposed method for monitoring atmospheric sulfur dioxide is discussed. Krypton-85 is used as an inverse radioactive tracer. It is postulated that the method may be developed into a simple, portable, and relatively inexpensive monitor adaptable to laboratory or field use.

Developments in the measurement of atmospheric sulfur dioxide.

Developments in the measurement of atmospheric sulfur dioxide.

Colorimetric Method for Continuous Recording Analysis of Atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Method for Continuous Recording Analysis of Atmospheric Sulfur DioxideH. L. Helwig and C. L. GordonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1958, 30, 11, 1810–1814Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60143a028RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (625 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

ABSORPTION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM THE ATMOSPHERE BY COTTON PLANTS

Cotton plants were grown in nutrient solutions containing 0.1, 2, 5, 10, and 50 ppm. sulfate. Atmospheric sulfur dioxide was excluded from the roots and the sulfate in the nutrient solution was labeled with S35 to permit determination of the amount of sulfur which was absorbed by the plants directly from the atmosphere. Growth and sulfur content of the plants were sensitive functions of the concentration of sulfate in the nutrient solutions. The data indicate that sulfur dioxide was absorbed by the growing plants directly from the atmosphere. The amount absorbed was roughly proportional to the size of the plant and was presumed to be a function of the effective leaf surface. According to the data, healthy cotton plants obtained about 30 per cent of their sulfur from the atmosphere. Over 50 per cent of the sulfur in sulfur-deficient plants was apparently absorbed directly from the atmosphere. For satisfactory growth of the cotton plants, the sulfur dioxide of the atmosphere was inadequate as the sole source of sulfur. Nevertheless, atmospheric sulfur dioxide contributed a large percentage of the sulfur taken in by the plants, and it is concluded that, under the conditions of the experiment, absorption of sulfur dioxide providedmore » an important supplementary source of sulfur to the growing plants.« less

Acid-Bleached Fuchsin in Determination of Sulfur Dioxide in Atmosphere

Acid-Bleached Fuchsin in Determination of Sulfur Dioxide in Atmosphere

Acid-Bleached Fuchsin in Determination of Sulfur Dioxide in Atmosphere

Acid-Bleached Fuchsin in Determination of Sulfur Dioxide in Atmosphere