C. D. Nevison1, M. Manizza2, R. F. Keeling2, M. Kahru2, L. Bopp3, J. Dunne4, J. Tjiputra5, T. Ilyina6, and B. G. Mitchell2 1University of Colorado, Boulder, Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA 2Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California, USA 3IPSL/LSCE, UMR8212, CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, Gif sur Yvette, France 4National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA 5Uni Climate, Uni Research and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway 6Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany