ATM Networks Research Articles

Congestion control in ATM networks.

Congestion control in ATM networks.

Adaptive Congestion Controller for ABR Traffic in ATM Network

One of the imperatives for improving the quality-of-service (QoS) of high-speed networks of next generation is to reduce congestion. Congestion occurs when the resource demand exceeds the capacity of the network. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of Robust Adaptive Congestion Control algorithm for available bit rate traffic in asynchronous transfer mode networks and suggest improvements of the algorithm for better performance and fairness. The results of simulation presented here corroborates the fact that the improved algorithm reduces settling time and cell loss ratio and thus maximizes utilization of the network.

An application of the quadratic optimal control law to the congestion control in ATM networks.

An application of the quadratic optimal control law to the congestion control in ATM networks.

Trafic control in ATM networks.

Trafic control in ATM networks.

An application of the Kalman filter for estimating the trafic in ATM networks.

An application of the Kalman filter for estimating the trafic in ATM networks.

Optimal routing for ATM networks.

Optimal routing for ATM networks.

Australia’s 2009 ATM Reforms: Transparency for Transparency’s Sake

This paper reviews the effectiveness of the reforms to the Australian ATM of early 2009. Data indicate that consumers have acted on the more transparent display of fees by shifting their transactions towards fee-free ATMs provided by their own financial institution, thereby reducing the fees they pay, at the cost of added travel costs. But although consumer surplus has increased, the overall result has been a less-efficient use of the ATM network: banks have lost the whole fall in fee revenue, while consumers have gained only the fee saving, less the extra travel costs. Further, the promise of lower fees did not eventuate, and there was no significant increase in availability of ATMs. Nonetheless, the reforms have been hailed as a success because of the increased pricing transparency in the market. This paper questions the worth of increased transparency when prices are inefficient and welfare loss is the consequence.

Performance Measures Of Wireless Protocols For Atm Networks

The concept of wireless ATM is now being actively considered as a potential framework for nextgeneration wireless communication networks capable of supporting integrated multimedia services with different QoS requirements. Several key subsystem design issues for wired ATM and wireless networks needs to be readdressed in the scope of the wireless ATM, which has the capability to extend the statistical multiplexing of wired ATM network into the wireless medium. One of the key subsystem issues is the development of appropriate medium access control (MAC) protocol. The extension of the ATM network into wireless environment faces many interesting problems. The original ATM network was designed for high speed, noiseless, and reliable channels. None of these characteristics are applicable to the wireless channel. One of the critical aspects of a wireless ATM network is the Medium or Multi Access Control (MAC) Protocol used by the Mobile station (MS) to request service from the BS, which has to consider the Quality of Service (QoS) of the specific applications. This paper analyses recently proposed MAC protocols, particularly those of Demand Assignment Multiple Access protocols using TDMA technique with Frequency Division Duplex (FDD). It also gives performance measures of two best suited protocols for wireless network environment Distributed Queuing Request Update Multiple Access (DQRUMA) protocol and Adaptive Request Channel Multiple Access (ARCMA) protocol.

ATM Network - Performance Evaluation of VBR and ABR

ATM Network - Performance Evaluation of VBR and ABR

EVALUATION OF INTEGRATED MULTIMEDIA TRAFFIC OVER ATM NETWORK

Virtual Path (VP) provisioning has gained wide acceptance as an effective resource management technique for improving transmission efficiency in ATM network . In our study the VP in the ring is defined as pair for each node, which reassigned a duplex VP. The VP is used in the point-to-point VP Add-Drop multiplexing (VPADM) scheme carries VC between the same two ring nodes. The physical route assignment for the VP depends on the type (unidirectional/bi-directional) of the considered SONET ring. The main goal of using ADM design is to minimize the cost of evolution from the previous SONET ADM’s to ATM ADM’s. The performance evaluation of integration video, voice, and data on the proposed VP-Based ATM Ring network has been studied. A suggested control method provides fairness among the traffics, and confirms its effectiveness for integrating of multimedia traffic over ATM network.

Banks secure customer access with fingerprint and fingervein

The banking sector is embracing fingerprint and fingervein access to services for customers. Ziraat Bank, Turkey's largest state bank, is to build what it bills as ‘the largest biometric ATM network in Europe’ by January 2012.

A New Estimation Scheme for the Effective Number of Users in Internet Congestion Control

Many congestion control protocols have been recently proposed in order to alleviate the problems encountered by TCP in high-speed networks and wireless links. Protocols utilizing an architecture that is in the same spirit as the ABR service in ATM networks require estimates of the effective number of users utilizing each link in the network to maintain stability in the presence of delays. In this paper, we propose a novel estimation algorithm that is based on online parameter identification techniques and is shown through analysis and simulations to converge to the effective number of users utilizing each link. The algorithm does not require maintenance of per-flow states within the network or additional fields in the packet header, and it is shown to outperform previous proposals that were based on pointwise division in time. The estimation scheme is designed independently from the control functions of the protocols and is thus universal in the sense that it operates effectively in a number of congestion control protocols. It can thus be successfully used in the design of new congestion control protocols. In this paper, to illustrate its universality, we use the proposed estimation scheme to design a representative set of Internet congestion control protocols. Using simulations, we demonstrate that these protocols satisfy key design requirements. They guide the network to a stable equilibrium that is characterized by high network utilization, small queue sizes, and max-min fairness. In addition, they are scalable with respect to changing bandwidths, delays, and number of users, and they generate smooth responses that converge quickly to the desired equilibrium.

Enriching interactions: Incorporating outcome data into static discrete games

When modeling the behavior of firms, marketers and micro-economists routinely confront complex problems of strategic interaction. In competitive environments, firms make strategic decisions that not only depend on the features of the market, but also on their beliefs regarding the reactions of their rivals. Structurally modeling these interactions requires formulating and estimating a discrete game, a task which, until recently, was considered intractable. Fortunately, two-step estimation methods have cracked the problem, fueling a growing literature in both marketing and economics that tackles a host of issues from the optimal design of ATM networks to the choice of pricing strategy. However, most existing methods have focused on only the discrete choice of actions, ignoring a wealth of information contained in post-choice outcome data and severely limiting the scope for performing informative counterfactuals or identifying the deep structural parameters that drive strategic decisions. The goal of this paper is to provide a method for incorporating post-choice outcome data into static discrete games of incomplete information. In particular, our estimation approach adds a selection correction to the two-step games approach, allowing the researcher to use revenue data, for example, to recover the costs associated with alternative actions. Alternatively, a researcher might use R&D expenses to back out the returns to innovation.

Rozwój sieci bankomatów w Polsce a opłaty interchange i surchange

Rozwój sieci bankomatów w Polsce a opłaty interchange i surchange

Multicast Model for Broadband Multimedia Satellites over ATM Networks

Multicast delivery has become more and more important in modern multimedia applications for broadband satellites over ATM networks. Multimedia integrates texts, audios, videos and still images in a variety of applications. The data in this media can be time critical in terms of maximum delay and delay jitter. In order to satisfy all these applications, the network needs to have an efficient multicasting mechanism using the true capability of ATM networks. In this paper, a bi-directional multipoint-to-multipoint multicast model was proposed for broadband multimedia satellites over ATM networks, which uses a single tree for a multicast group consisting of multiple participants that are either senders, receivers, or a mix of both. We first discuss why the resequencer model will not be suitable for multimedia traffics, then propose the model to solve the problems. The mean queueing delays of our model are not sensitive to mean size of the data packet while the mean queueing delays and of the resequencer model are very sensitive to mean size of the data packet.

Discriminatory Fees, Coordination and Investment in Shared ATM Networks

This paper empirically examines the effects of discriminatory fees on ATM investment and welfare, and considers the role of coordination in ATM investment between banks. Our main findings are that foreign fees tend to reduce ATM availability and (consumer) welfare, whereas surcharges positively affect ATM availability and the different welfare components when the consumers’ price elasticity is not too large. Second, an organization of the ATM market that contains some degree of coordination between the banks may be desirable from a welfare perspective. Finally, ATM availability is always higher when a social planner decides on discriminatory fees and ATM investment to maximize total welfare. This implies that there is underinvestment in ATMs, even in the presence of discriminatory fees.

Performance evaluation of bandwidth allocation in ATM networks

This paper presents generalised particle approach (GPA) to optimise bandwidth allocation and QoS in ATM networks. The generalised particle approach transforms the network bandwidth allocation problem into kinematics and dynamics of numerous particles in a force field. ATM traffic is bursty in nature; the dynamic bandwidth allocation is an important factor for network performance. The network utilisation is reasonably attained by dynamically allocating the bandwidth. In this approach of ATM network optimisation, GPA deals with variety of phenomena like congestion, failure and interaction. The payment policy of ATM network path determines the bandwidth allocation of network link. It changes dynamically to the situation of demands and supplies of bandwidth. The path particle and link particle move in their respective force fields and the bandwidth allocation is done through an iterative procedure. The algorithm is simulated using the MATLAB. The performance of network based on GPA is compared with the max-min fairness (MMF) algorithm. The GPA algorithm based control of network has better network bandwidth utilisation, success rate and price allocation.

Discriminatory Fees, Coordination and Investment in Shared ATM Networks

This paper empirically examines the effects of discriminatory fees on ATM investment and welfare, and considers the role of coordination in ATM investment between banks. Our main findings are that foreign fees tend to reduce ATM availability and (consumer) welfare, whereas surcharges positively affect ATM availability and the different welfare components when the consumers' price elasticity is not too large. Second, an organization of the ATM market that contains some degree of coordination between the banks may be desirable from a welfare perspective. Finally, ATM availability is always higher when a social planner decides on discriminatory fees and ATM investment to maximize total welfare. This implies that there is underinvestment in ATMs, even in the presence of discriminatory fees

Vocal tecnology: A normalization approach

From the 1990s onwards the use of digital technology for voice and image transmission (GSM mobile telephones, satellite transmissions and Frame Relay and ATM networks) has brought about the convergence of information technology and telecommunications, leading to the birth of the ICT (Information & Communication Technologies) sector. Currently, internal telephone networks, LANs, internet connections and geographical data transmission networks are being unified in most organizations of a certain size .

Survivable ATM mesh networks: Techniques and performance evaluation

The Capacity and Flow Assignment problem in self-healing ATM networks is an interesting one from a Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) prospective since IP and ATM protocols are destined to co-exist together in this unified platform. This paper continues the investigation of the path-based design approach of the network survivability problem in existing ATM mesh networks. Our contribution consists in quantifying (1) the effects the selection of candidate paths per node pair has on the restoration ratio, (2) the effect of restoration schemes on the restoration ratio, (3) the effect of failure scenarios on the restoration ratio, and finally (4) the effect of network connectivity on the restoration ratio. Numerical results are presented under representative network topologies, various traffic demands and spare capacity distribution schemes. They provide additional guidelines for the design of survivable ATM mesh-type networks, from a network reliability viewpoint.