Selection Of Athletes Research Articles

Running velocity at maximum oxygen uptake and at maximum effort: important variables for female military pentathlon

Aim: to correlate cardiopulmonary capacity widely used variables with athletic performance in 4 km cross country race, in elite female military pentathlon athletes. Methods: Five military pentathlon athletes from Brazilian team with 27.5 [25.0; 29.3] years old underwent an incremental ramp treadmill test to determine VO2max, vVO2max (velocity of initial VO2 plateau), maximum velocity, and these same variables in anaerobic threshold. Furthermore, the performance obtained on the cross-country race of the last trial before the world military games was recorded. Spearman’s correlations were used to investigate the association between cardiopulmonary variables and athletic performance (p < 0.05). Results: The athletes exhibited a median total body weight of 64.3 [60.9; 66.6] kg and height of 1.75 [1.66; 1.76] cm. Race performance was positively correlated with vVO2max (r = 0.98, very strong correlation) and maximum velocity reached (r = 0.95, very strong correlation). The remaining cardiopulmonary variables did not show similar behavior, with r varying between -0.26 and 0.44. Conclusion: Maximum velocity and vVO2max indicators are directly related to athletic performance in the 4 km cross country race of elite female military pentathlon athletes. Thus, the technical team must pay particular attention to athletic performance in these cardiopulmonary variables in both the selection of new athletes and the identification of the effectiveness of applied training strategies.

Sports selection at the modern stage of sports training

Relevance of the research topic. The articlepresents the results on the peculiarities ofsports selection of children for children andyouth sports schools, taking into account themodern approach to the selection system in thenew socio-economic conditions, thedevelopment of sports science and practice.Based on previous research an attempt wasmade to identify the most significant factorsand criteria of sports selection, whichqualitatively affect the organizational andmethodological measures of selection ofathletes at the stage of initial training. Thepurpose of the study: to determine the mosteffective measures, criteria and factors ofsports selection at the present stage of sportstraining. Material and methods: analysis ofscientific and methodological literature andprogram-normative documents, analysis andsynthesis of the content of own previousworks, sociological research methods,generalization and systematization of expertassessments (qualimetry). The study involved63 coaches-teachers in various sports, workexperience ranging from 3 to 15 years or more.Results of work. According to the results of thestudy, the features of the optimal age for sportswere determined, the inexpediency ofinvolving young children was characterized.The basis of methodical measures used in thesearch for gifted children in modern conditionsof sports development is highlighted. Thecriteria that become the most important at thestage of initial selection are highlighted.

Physical fitness evaluation system for athlete selection based on big data technology

Physical fitness evaluation system for athlete selection based on big data technology

A Comparative Study on the Construction of Special Psychological Ability Indexes of Curling Male Athletes

Curling is a sport combining skill and intelligence. Athletes should not only have proficient physical fitness, technical and tactical level, but they also need strong psychological ability. This study attempts to build a special psychological ability system for curling athletes, to provide guidance for the athlete selection and training. In this study, 13 male athletes of Heilongjiang curling team were recruited. HengChan Yin 's attention scale, Dr. Ping Ye's competitive motivation scale, XiaoChuan Yin 's excellent athlete's will quality evaluation scale, Vealey's athlete's trait self-confidence scale, Martens's sports competition state anxiety scale, LiWei Zhang's pre competition emotion scale-t scale, electronic stopwatch and other equipment were used for the test. In order to determine the constituent factors of curling athletes' specialized psychological ability, 11 psychological indexes, such as time and space judgment, speed perception, attention distribution, attention transfer, competitive motivation, will quality, sports competition anxiety, cognitive trait anxiety, self-confidence, attention stability, emotional stability, were analyzed by factor analysis method. The characteristic value, contribution rate and fatigue of the factors were calculated. The results suggested that the first four factors whose characteristic value are greater than 1 and cumulative contribution rate is greater than 80% are selected as the main factors. According to the characteristic value of the first four main factors, the initial factor load matrix is obtained, and the orthogonal factor matrix after rotation is obtained by using variance maximization. The system of special mental ability of curling male athletes consists of four aspects: mental preparation ability, mental state ability, attention ability and space-time judgment ability. There are significant differences in mental preparation ability and mental state ability between the main players and the substitutes. The main players are better than the substitutes.

Physical fitness evaluation system for athlete selection based on big data technology

Physical fitness evaluation system for athlete selection based on big data technology

SIFAT-SIFAT MATRIKS LUNAK FUZZY INTUISIONISTIK

Fuzzy soft sets is one of the mathematical tools that are used to deal with the problem of uncertainty, such as problems in the field of economic, health, and others. The concept of fuzzy soft sets is extended into intuitiononistic fuzzy soft sets to intuitiononistic fuzzy soft matrices. This article examines the intuitionistic fuzzy soft matrix and defines the various types and operations of the intuitionistic fuzzy soft matrix. In addition, the application of an intuitionistic fuzzy soft matrix is ​​given to decision-making problems such as the selection of swimming athletes who have the best swimming techniques.

Predictive value of kinematic indicators for shot put result and selection of novice athletes

Purpose: to determine the most significant kinematic indicators in the sports selection of beginner shot putters.&#x0D; Material and Methods: This study was carried out on a sample of 9 students at the fourth stage of the competition in Division 1, which took place in the 2017/2018 academic year at the Faculty of Physical Education of Maysan University. The following kinematic (biomechanical) parameters were analyzed: the angle of release of the nucleus, the velocity of release, the height of the point of ejection of the nucleus and the speed of swing. The correlation coefficients were determined between the kinematic indicators and the result in the shot put, as well as the regression equation for the dependence of the result in the shot put on the knematic indicators. The data obtained in the study were presented in the form of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median, skewness coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and linear regression, which included the contribution coefficients of each analyzed indicator, standard error, reliability of the regression equation as a whole, and reliability of the coefficients contribution to the shot put result of each kinematic exponent.&#x0D; Results. It has been shown that the swing speed has the greatest influence on the result in the shot put among beginner athletes. The swing speed, shot angle, shot speed and shot height have significant relationships with the shot put result. The multiple regression equation for the dependence of the shot put result on the swing speed, shot angle, shot height and shot point turned out to be reliable in general. However, only the swing speed has a reliable coefficient of the regression equation. The shot angle tends to be the determining factor in the shot put result. The release rate and the height of the release point have significant correlations with the shot put result, although in the regression equation they have unreliable indicators of influence on the shot put result.&#x0D; Conclusions. When teaching beginner shot putters, the greatest attention should be paid to the pushing swing technique, namely the swing speed. The second most important indicator is the angle of the shot put, it is recommended to use the basic prediction equation, which determines the expected results in the selection of young athletes in shot put, with high reliability of the results obtained. These characteristics are recommended to be used for evaluating young athletes, as well as in the process of training and preparing athletes for competitions.&#x0D;

Возрастные особенности телосложения спортсменок, специализирующихся в синхронном плавании

Material and methods. The sample of 50 people consisted of female athletes of three age groups: junior (9-10 years old), senior (14-15 years old) and the Russian national team (over 18 years old). In this cross-sectional study, we used total body dimensions (according to V.V. Bunak), body mass components (ac-cording to J. Matiegka’s formulas and bioimpedance method), body proportions (according to P.N. Bashkirov’s method), body shape (by somatoscopy), somatotype (by the Heath-Carter and Shtefko-Ostrovsky) and biological age (by dental and sexual maturity). Results. In terms of physical development, artistic swimmers (girls) do not differ significantly from their peers who do not go in for sports. The body height of the national team athletes is higher than the average values for their gender, and the body weight is lower. Under the influence of training loads in young artistic swimmers, there is a slight decrease in the fat component and an increase in the muscle one. Russian elite artistic swimmers have a lower level of development of adipositythan athletes of the national teams of Ko-rea and Spain. The muscular component of the Russian artistic swimmers may indicate overwork. The analy-sis of the variability of body proportions of artistic swimmers of different age groups testifies to the target-ed selection to the national team in the terms of longitudinal body dimensions. At the present stage of development of artistic swimming, the selection of retardant athletes is taking place. It was revealed that somatotypes with significant mesomorphism prevail in younger and older age groups, while the athletes of the national team belong to the ectomorphic body type with various variations of two other components of the somatotype. Conclusion. The study of morphological indicators made it possible to form an idea of the importance of the somatotype and body proportions for artistic swimming, which, in the combination with other necessary qualities, will increase the efficiency of selection and control of the training process.

Differences in anthropometric variables and muscle strength in relation to competitive level in male handball players.

Somatic characteristics manifested in different body morphology have great importance for the selection of athletes in most sports. The aim of our study is to evaluate the differences in anthropometric variables and isometric strength of handball players presenting different levels of sports competence, and to study the discriminative power of selected morphological characteristics that do not change in the training process. The study included the results of anthropometric measurements routinely used to monitor athletes, and body proportion indices were calculated. Fat percentage was assessed using the BIA, whereas body build was assessed using the Heath-Carter method. Measurements of right and left hand grip strength and back strength were taken. The results of measurements and calculations were analyzed using statistical methods. It was shown that players presenting the highest level dominate by the overall size and massiveness of the body, characteristics ensuring an advantage in direct confrontation. The size of subcutaneous fat tissue and percentage of body fat varied poorly between athletes in each group. Muscle strength assessed under static conditions shows a gradient in magnitude across teams from higher to lower rank, but the differences are not statistically significant. The same somatotype (balanced mesomorph) was present in all groups. Athletes presenting high sports level are characterized by body proportions that determine biomechanical conditions conducive to optimizing the structure of movements important in handball. Stepwise discriminant analysis showed that throwing-related characteristics (hand length, upper arm length, upper limb span, lower limb length) account for 88% of the variance in team ranking and can be used to identify the morphological predisposition of adepts to play handball.

Psychological Competencies and 100 Meter Runner Student Athletes’ Performance

This research aims to analyze the suitability of the theoretical model of the psychological competencies model b of the 100-meter runner student athletes with the empirical model. This study uses a quantitative approach. Total 65 (50 men and 15 women) 100-meter runner student athletes who participated in the national athletic championships. Instruments uses the Psychological Competency Scale and time records documentation data on the results of national championships. Data analyzed using partial least square (PLS). The results of the inner model test show a Q-square value of 0.919 (&gt; 0.00). It means that there was suitability of the theoretical model of psychological competency of 100-meter runner student athletes’ with the empirical model. The R-square value of performance is 0.881. It means that the 100-meter runner student athletes’ performance were influenced by psychological competencies by 88,1%. These findings have implications for the selection and coaching of 100-meter runner student athletes. Further research needs to design mental skills training comprehensively based on psychological competencies.

Storm Clouds on the Horizon: On the Emerging Need to Tighten Selection Policies.

Athlete selection is fundamental in elite sport, occurring regularly throughout an athlete's development. Research in this area reveals the accuracy of these decisions is questionable in even the most elite sport environments and athletes are increasingly disputing these decisions as unfair and punitive. As a countermeasure to these dispute and arbitration practices, many elite sport systems have created policies where coaches must outline and stand behind the criteria used for their selection decisions. Selection criteria policies have the potential to help encourage fair selection practices by holding selectors accountable to their selection criteria, but their implementation also has the potential to wrongfully nudge selectors toward developing more defendable, but less-accurate selection practices. The paper concludes with 10 suggestions to help support practitioners when implementing selection criteria.

Research on Computer Numerical Simulation System and Information Digitization Using Competition and Confrontation Network

The competitive characteristics and training requirements of each event group that can dominate the category of difficult and beautiful performance of technical warfare have multi-dimensional similarities. From the aspects of competition characteristics, determinants of sports performance, structural characteristics of competitive ability, and training requirements, it analyses the antagonistic event group that can dominate the class of technical warfare, and puts forward corresponding training requirements. The development of computer simulation technology of human body system will undoubtedly bring unprecedented opportunities to sports training and sports science research, and is changing the mode of sports science research and training. The article uses the confrontation network to conduct competitive sports simulation training, which can carry out the scientific selection of competitive sports athletes, improve the overall training level and effect of competitive sports athletes, optimize, and innovate the technical movement and movement combination arrangement of competitive sports, and can truly construct competitive sports training scenes.

Exploring the age of taekwondo athletes in the Olympic Games: an analysis from Sydney 2000 to Rio 2016.

The aim of this study was to quantify the age at which taekwondo athletes competed in the Olympic Games and to provide initial insights into weight category changes over time. For the first analysis, the study included all 611 taekwondo athletes who competed in the Olympics between 2000 and 2016; for each sex, a three-way ANOVA (edition of Olympic Games, competitive achievement, weight category) was performed to detect differences in the age of athletes. For the second analysis, we considered all 109 taekwondo athletes who took part in more than one edition of the Olympics between 2000 and 2016; chi-squared goodness of fit tests were performed to study the number of participations and changes in weight category of these athletes. Female athletes, with a mean age of 23.8±4.1 years, are significantly younger (P=0.001) than their male counterparts, with a mean age of 25.1±3.9 years. In weight category, lighter athletes being younger than heavier ones in both females (22.7±3.7 vs. 24.5±4.2 years, P=0.04) and males (23.6±3.8 vs. 26.7±3.8 years, P=0.001; 24.2±3.5 vs. 26.7±3.8 years, P=0.001). When an athlete reaches Olympic competition several times, he/she generally competes in the same weight category (P=0.001) and takes part in two consecutive editions (P=0.001). Heavier athletes have greater longevity at Olympic level than lighter athletes (P=0.002). The current data provides important information for national federations engaged in the selection of athletes for Olympic competitions.

Study of Anthropomentric and Morphometric Parameters in the Training of Athletes

The purpose of the work was to study the patterns of development and formation of the structure of the skeletal, muscular, circulatory system under the influence of various physical activities in the dynamics, followed by the definition of correlations of the value of anthropometric and morphometric parameters in the training of athletes. Studying of the literature data, we can conclude that modern professional sports requires loads close to maximum, and sometimes even exceeding them, the establishment of these maximum permissible loads and the study of the patterns of their development is a very urgent task. The main problem in training athletes is adequate selection and sports affiliation. Solving the problems of selection involves the creation of a model of the athlete of this specialization, that is a certain set of characteristics that determine athletic performance. This requires anthropometric assessment, morphometric and biometric data to track physical and physiological parameters, information to assess performance and recovery in sports, modification of training regimes to prevent injuries, provide guidance on regulating the use of technologies used in professional sports, as well as to research and make recommendations for the proper collection, storage and exchange of health information. One of important problems of modern morphology is the study of changes that occur in the body under the influence of various factors. This problem has become especially important in connection with the development of sports. High sports performance, associated with a significant load on the athlete's body, encourages scientists, doctors, coaches to search for physiological reserves of the body and search for optimal training regimes. From this point of view, the study of changes that occur in individual organs, systems and in the body as a whole, under the influence of physical activity of varying intensity and nature is relevant and of great practical importance. Conclusion. Modern professional sports require loads that are close to the maximum, and sometimes are such or exceed them. It is the establishment of these maximum allowable loads and study the patterns of their development which is a very promising area. This will allow timely selection of athletes for a particular sport, to carry out preventive and curative measures to improve their structural and functional condition

Selection of the Best Swimming Athletes using MCDM-AHP and VIKOR Methods

The process of selecting the best swimming athletes is carried out in several test stages, the first is the ability in the four basic swimming styles which often contested in international competitions and the second test is the basic physical abilities possessed by a number of swimming athletes. The tests related to the swimming style consist of breaststroke swimming, butterfly swimming, backstroke swimming and crawlstroke swimming, while the plyometrics test consists of banded knee jump, squat jump, jump to side, and dept jump, Due to the large number of selections, a test is required for every athlete. The purpose of this selection is to find the best swimming athletes who will be competed in the international swimming class event. The nine athletes of millenium aquatic swimming club that were selected previously, they are the forerunners of the selected swimming athletes and will be evaluated on a representative basis, which is the best among the nine athletes. The method used in the evaluation and selection process uses two continuous methods, namely the AHP and VIKOR methods. From the results selection assessment, it was found that the best three of the nine nominations selected, the first position selected was AT2 with an index 0.00, the second position was AT8 with an index 0.25 and the third position was AT7 with an index 0.61. Thus it can be concluded that the AHP and VIKOR methods can be used as decision support to determine optimally in the optimal selection process for swimming athletes.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM SELEKSI ATLET BOLAVOLI MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAW PADA SEKOLAH BOLAVOLI KUSUMA BHIRAWA

The basic technique of volleyball itself is one of the most important elements in the game of volleyball, without mastering good basic techniques, the game cannot be played perfectly, the basic techniques of volleyball include serving, passing, smash and block (dam). Based on an interview with Coach at SBV, Kusuma Bhirawa who coaches players at the age of U-18 teenagers, explained that the selection of athletes in participating in the event is carried out according to the coach's feelings during training. After making direct observations at the Kusuma Bhirawa volleyball school with the existing problems, a decision support system will be built for the selection of volleyball athletes using the SAW method. SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) is a method in a decision support system with a weighted summation of the performance ratings of each alternative on all attributes. The alternative that has the highest value is the best alternative proposed. The criteria needed by the SbV trainer Kusuma Bhirawa in anthropometric measurements are height, physical fitness test criteria consisting of 60 m running, 60 sec pull ups, 60 sec sit ups, vertical jump, 1200 m run. volleyball smash technique criteria, passing over, passing down, serving and blocking. From the results of the correlation test that has been tried to get the correlation of the recommendation of the core player list from the application system compared to the player list from the coach with a value of 83.3%. Therefore, these results show that the SAW method has a fairly good correlation when used to determine the selection of volleyball athletes

Current trends in the training of elite judo athletes

Abstract. Studies on the training of elite judo athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic are indispensable, in the context of observing the necessary measures and their influence on the training components to solve the specific demands of competitive activity. Similar research is being conducted in various countries to determine the impact of the pandemic on the training of judo athletes. This research aims to identify the most efficient means and methods of training and assessment in orderto remodel them. The focus is on establishing the main adaptation criteria regarding the way of conducting judo competitions in pandemic conditions, as well as the structure of the fight and its effects on technical, tactical, psychomotor and physical training. Results are statistically processed, interpreted in relation to similar studies and graphically represented. Research participants are elite judo athletes of both genders from different sports clubs, competing in the 2020-2021 Romanian National Judo Championship. The data highlight the characteristics of the fight structure, the actual combat time related to weight divisions, the efficiency of various techniques and the technical and tactical model, the penalties and the relationship with physical training. Determining the effects induced by the new pandemic conditions and training remodelling allow coaches, athletes and methodologists to effectively intervene on the use of material resources, means and methods of training and participation in competition. Conclusions are drawn regarding the characteristics of current competitions and the cause-effect relationship with the selection and training of elite judo athletes in the pandemic context of sports activity.

SCIENTIFIC TRAINING OF SPORTS MEDICINE FOR BALANCE OF KNEE JOINT MUSCLE STRENGTH OF ATHLETES

ABSTRACT Introduction: As skiers need to complete their movements in high mountains and snow, the athlete's landing's stability is directly related to the movement's success. The stable landing action wins high scores for the athletes’ participating actions and protects their safety. Objective: This article analyzes the characteristics of lower limb muscle strength and static balance ability of female freestyle skiing aerials athletes to provide athletes with targeted strength training, evaluation of muscle effects after training, and athlete selection to provide a scientific basis valuable Theoretical reference. Methods: The paper uses isokinetic testing and balance testing methods to study the characteristics of the hip and knee flexor and extensor strengths of the Chinese great female freestyle skiing aerials athletes and the static balance characteristics in four standing positions. Results: The right flexor-extensor force, flexor-extensor force ratio, and average power value of the right hip joint were slightly greater than the left flexor power. The left and right knee joint extensor unit peak weight moments and the left and right average power values were all four indicators. Greater than the flexor, at different test speeds of 60°/s (slow speed) and 240°/s (fast), the peak flexion and extension torque per unit weight, the average power of flexion and extension, the force of flexion and extension, and the average power appear with the increase of the test speed as a significant difference. Conclusions: The research in the thesis recommends reasonable weight control and balanced training of muscle strength, using the condition of moderately increasing exercise speed, to strengthen the training of lower limb extensor strength, provide targeted strength training for athletes, evaluate the muscle effect after training and providing the scientific basis and valuable theoretical reference. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Body Composition And Anaerobic Capacity In High Intensity Functional Training Athletes

Relationship between different components of body composition and individual characteristics in athletes has been partially studied. Nowadays, body composition is widely used as a method of athlete selection, fitness monitoring and performance prediction along the season. PURPOSE: To correlate body composition levels and anerobic performance in High Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) athletes and develop multiple regression models. METHODS: Nineteen male HIFT athletes participated in this study (Age 28.63 ± 6.62 year; Height 176.18 ± 5.34 cm; Bodyweight 81.67 ± 6.43 kg; BMI 26.29 ± 1.34). Fat mass (FMkg), Lean Body Mass (LBMkg), Muscle Mass (MMkg) and Total Body Water (TBWkg) expressed in kg were estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Anaerobic capacity was tested by the gold standard Wingate test (WG), determining peak (WGPP), mean (WGXP) and minimal (WGMP) power values. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to define the association between variables and stepwise multiple regression analysis to determine their relationship. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Málaga (43-2018-H). RESULTS: LBMkg showed significant correlation with WGPP (r = 0.75, p < 0.001), WGXP (r = 0.85, p < 0.001) and WGMP (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). MMkg also showed significant correlation with WGPP (r = 0.83, p < 0.001), WGXP (r = 0.86, p < 0.001) and WGMP (r = 0.66, p = 0.002). The regression equation developed for peak power was: WGPP = -164.202 + 227.055 * MMkg, R2 = 0.67, SEE = 3.6915 W, p < 0.001. Two equations models were developed for mean power, one explained by lean body mass: WGXP = 313.1151 + 6.1724 * LBMkg, R2 = 0.70, SEE = 0.9417 W, p < 0.001; and the other by muscle mass: WGXP = 79.0879 + 16.7175 * MMkg, R2 = 0.72, SEE = 2.4469 W, p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed moderate-high correlation between some variables of body composition and anaerobic performance values. Moreover, we can conclude that LBMkg and MMkg are strong predictors of anaerobic capacity in HIFT athletes, explaining up to 70% of some of the anaerobic test values.

Effects of Attentional Control on Gait and Inter-Joint Coordination During Dual-Task Walking.

In the process of walking, attentional resources are flexibly allocated to deal with varying environmental constraints correlated with attentional control (AC). A dual-task paradigm was used to investigate the effects of AC on gait and inter-joint coordination. Fifty students volunteered to participate in this study. Based on the reaction time (RT) in the Stroop task, the top 15 participants were assigned to the High Attentional Control (HAC) group, while the last 15 participants were assigned to the Low Attentional Control (LAC) group. The participants in the two groups were randomly asked to perform three tasks: (i) single 2-back working memory task (ST 2-back); (ii) single walking task (ST walking); and (iii) dual task (DT). Cognitive outcomes and gait spatiotemporal parameters were measured. Continuous relative phase (CRP), derived from phase angles of two adjacent joints, was used to assess inter-joint coordination. The LAC group exhibited significant task effects regarding RT, correct rate (CR), step width, gait cycle, step time, forefoot contact times, heel-forefoot times, hip-knee mean absolute relative phase (MARP), and deviation phase (DP) in the stance and swing phases (p < 0.05). In the HAC group, significant task effects were only detected in RT and foot progression angle of the left foot (p < 0.05). Under the three task conditions, the LAC group exhibited a higher CR in ST, longer heel contact times, and longer heel-forefoot times when compared with the LAC group (p < 0.05). Compared with the LAC group, the HAC group exhibited significantly smaller (closer to zero) MARP and weaker hip-knee DP values in the swing phase across all gait conditions (p < 0.05). In the stance phase, the HAC group had smaller MARP (closer to zero) values when compared with the LAC group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the ability to maintain gait control and modulate inter-joint coordination patterns in young adults is affected by the level of attentional control in accommodating gait disturbances. AC is correlated with the performance of motor control, which theoretically supports the competitive selection of athletes and fall prevention strategies for a specific population.