Athlete Burnout Research Articles

Development and Validation of the Taekwondo Athletes Burnout Scale (TABS) for youth

Development and Validation of the Taekwondo Athletes Burnout Scale (TABS) for youth

Vigorous, dedicated, and absorbed: Factor structure, reliability, and validity of the polish version of the sport engagement scale

The concept of sport engagement, emerging from the application of major ideas of positive psychology in sport science, has become a valuable conceptual and practical addition to understanding athlete burnout. The present article reports the major results of an attempt to develop a Polish version of the Sport Engagement Scale, a brief metric created to measure athletes’ engagement for both research and practical purposes. Study 1, conducted on a sample of Polish athletes (N = 214) supports the original three-factor structure of engagement comprising the dimensions of Vigor, Dedication, and Absorption. A single-factor model also fit the data well, suggesting that calculating a general engagement factor is also justifiable. The internal consistency of the scale, as well as its associations with athletic burnout, competition anxiety, personality traits, declared sport level, and number of hours spent in training, provide evidence for sufficient concurrent criterion validity and the reliability of the scale for both research and applied purposes. Study 2, conducted on a sample of athletes taking part in a half marathon run (N = 135), provides evidence for the scale’s predictive criterion validity with respect to objective performance: greater engagement, particularly scores in the Vigor subscale, predicted significantly better running performance. In the discussion, we summarize the present findings, commenting on their limitations and highlighting future research paths for the phenomenon of sport engagement.

Investigating the effects of Athletic identity on athlete burnout

Investigating the effects of Athletic identity on athlete burnout

Leadership, stress and burnout among basketball referees

The study analyses leadership styles and their influence on burnout and stress among basketball referees, applying a non-probabilistic sampling, convenience sampling, to 61 referees, 85.2% men, 14.8% women. Descriptive analysis, correlations and hierarchical multiple regression models were performed. By applying the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire MLQ-5, Inventario de Burnout en deportistas Revisado IBD-R [Revised Athlete Burnout Inventory], and Escala de Estres en el Ambito Deportivo EEAD [Stress Scale for Sports]. Moderate stress level (26-50) as well as burnout (50-60). Transformational leadership is associated with low levels of stress (p=.003) and high levels of personal accomplishment (p= .026). The developer style, inverse and significant effect (p= .013) with stress. Corrective leadership is associated with low levels of stress (p=.005) and high personal accomplishment (p= .019) and emotional exhaustion (p= .006) of burnout. Passive leadership is associated with high levels of stress (p= .013) and low levels of personal accomplishment (p = .023). As a conclusion, referees mainly apply transformational leadership associated with low levels of stress and high levels of personal accomplishment. They have moderate level of stress and burnout, while there are differences between those at the national level and those at the local-regional level, in addition there are differences regarding the role played, in relation to stress.

Association of Athlete Burnout with Depression Among Japanese University Athletes

Association of Athlete Burnout with Depression Among Japanese University Athletes

Analyzing the Relationship Between Coaching Behavior, Coach-Athlete interaction, Team Atmosphere, and Athlete Burnout through Path Analysis

Analyzing the Relationship Between Coaching Behavior, Coach-Athlete interaction, Team Atmosphere, and Athlete Burnout through Path Analysis

Making ‘us’ better: High-quality athlete leadership relates to health and burnout in professional Australian football teams

Overtraining, exhaustion, and burnout are widely recognized problems amongst elite athletes. The present research addresses this issue by exploring the extent to which high-quality athlete leadership is associated with elite athletes’ health and burnout. Participants (120 male athletes from three top-division Australian football teams) were asked to rate the quality of each of their teammates in four different leadership roles (i.e. as task and motivational leaders on the field and as social and external leaders off the field), and also to indicate their identification with their team as well as their self-reported health and burnout. Findings indicated that (a) being seen to be a good athlete leader by other members of the team and (b) having a good athlete leader on the team were both positively associated with better team member health and lower burnout. This relationship was mediated by athletes’ identification with their team, suggesting that leaders enhance athletes’ health and reduce athlete burnout by creating and maintaining a sense of shared identity in their team. This, in turn, suggests that coaches can foster an optimal team environment by developing the leadership potential of their athlete leaders – in particular, their skills that foster a sense of shared team identification. This is in the interests not only of team performance but also of team members’ health and burnout.

Burnout syndrome in athletes and their association with body image dissatisfaction at a private university.

Burnout syndrome, from the sporting point of view, is the integration of both physical and emotional signs, caused by the high demands in competition. According to several studies, the prevalence of burnout syndrome is influenced by several factors that would lead to athlete's body image dissatisfaction. The study design is cross-sectional analysis. The study sample was 352 athletes selected from the Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC). The main variables of this study are the burnout syndrome; which was measured by Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) and body image dissatisfaction, through thirteen Scale drawings contour figure Gardner. To find the association between body image dissatisfaction and burnout syndrome Poisson regression was used. Athletes with burnout syndrome have 1.08 times more likely having body image dissatisfaction with a value P=0.011 (95% CI: 1.02-1.15). It was also found that a sport collectively practiced is a protective factor for Burnout Syndrome with P=0.015 (95% CI: 0.4-0.9). Relation between burnout syndrome and body image dissatisfaction in athletes was found. In addition, a relationship between practicing an individual sport and burnout syndrome was also found. More studies are necessary to confirm these relationships.

Abstract #4321 Athlete burnout is related with C-reactive protein levels in dried blood spots in young and old men

Abstract #4321 Athlete burnout is related with C-reactive protein levels in dried blood spots in young and old men

The Psychosocial Implications of Sport Specialization in Pediatric Athletes.

Data on the psychosocial implications of sport specialization in pediatric athletes are lacking. Sport specialization often requires increased training hours and may predispose young athletes to social isolation, poor academic performance, increased anxiety, greater stress, inadequate sleep, decreased family time, and burnout. Sport specialization frequently introduces multiple stressors that could be expected to adversely affect mental health and function in young athletes and may increase the risk for burnout. This may be confounded by altered sleep duration and quality, increased drive for elite status, and perfectionistic personality types. The signs and symptoms of burnout in young athletes can be difficult to detect. It is important to be aware of the possible diagnosis of burnout in young athletes who display vague symptoms and a decrease in academic performance. The purpose of this review was to survey the available literature on sport specialization in young athletes and its association with mental health, sleep, the drive for success in sport, and burnout.

The relationship between self-efficacy and athlete burnout in elite volleyball players

Purpose : The researches about the relationship between self-efficacy and athlete' burnout of elite volleyball players who playing in high level leagues is not available in the literature. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and athletes’ burnout in elite volleyball players. Material : The study group is consisted 173 [n=61 female, n=112 male] elite volleyball players. The mean of the age of participants was 25.6 year [± 6.3]. Data was collected by personal information form, General Self-Efficacy Scale [GSE] and Athlete Burnout Questionnaire [ABQ]. SPSS 22 program was used in the analysis of the obtained data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to determine whether the data showed normal distribution and the significance level was accepted as 0.05 in the analyses. Parametric tests were used in the analysis of the data. Results : As a result of the research, high level negative correlation was found between effort and resistance sub-dimension [GSE] and the reduced sense of accomplishment sub-dimension [ABQ] [p<0.01]. In the same way, there was a negative correlation between ability and confidence sub-dimension [GSE] with reduced sense of accomplishment sub-dimension [ABQ] [p<0.01]. Conclusions : This result shows that athletes with high general self-efficacy level have less athlete burnout than others. Volleyball players who played in national teams have higher self-efficacy than others, while athletes have less athlete' burnout. Gender has no relation on volleyball players' self-efficacy and burnout. As the age of the participants decreased, burnout levels increased.

Identifying Unique Contributions of the Coach-Athlete Working Alliance, Psychological Resilience and Perceived Stress on Athlete Burnout among Norwegian Junior Athletes.

The main purpose of the current study was to examine how the coach-athlete working alliance, psychological resilience and perceived stress are uniquely associated with burnout among junior athletes in sport. A sample of 670 Norwegian junior athletes practicing a variety of sports participated in the study. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the bond dimension of the working alliance, the protective factors ‘planned future’ and ‘structured style’, as well as perceived stress, all contributed uniquely to the explanation of athlete burnout. A dominance analysis identified perceived stress to have the strongest relative influence on athlete burnout among the set of variables investigated in this study. The findings are discussed in terms of applied implications and possible future research.

중국 고등학교 운동선수의 운동열정과 정서조절 및 탈진의 관계

중국 고등학교 운동선수의 운동열정과 정서조절 및 탈진의 관계

개인종목 장애인 선수가 지각한 코칭행동과 운동선수 탈진의 관계: 기본 심리욕구의 역할

개인종목 장애인 선수가 지각한 코칭행동과 운동선수 탈진의 관계: 기본 심리욕구의 역할

Efecto de la pasión por la actividad física sobre el agotamiento (físico) en estudiantes atletas

El objetivo general de este estudio fue investigar el efecto de la pasión por la actividad física en el agotamiento (físico) en estudiantes atletas. El presente estudio fue de tipo de encuesta descriptiva y se basó en modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. La población estadística de esta investigación fue de 350 estudiantes de educación física de cuatro universidades estatales de Teherán. Se seleccionaron de forma aleatoria por grupos y se completaron cuestionarios sobre la pasión y el agotamiento, de los cuales se pudieron utilizar 324 cuestionarios. Los resultados indicaron que la pasión obsesiva con un coeficiente de regresión de 0.23 y un estadístico T de 1.32 no tuvo un efecto significativo en el agotamiento de los estudiantes atletas. Sin embargo, la pasión consistente con un coeficiente de regresión de (-0.66) y un estadístico T de (-2.99) tuvo un efecto negativo significativo en el agotamiento de los estudiantes atletas. Además, el modelo de investigación se ajustó adecuadamente. Por lo tanto, se recomienda que los administradores y ejecutivos universitarios implementen y aceleren la planificación e implementación de acciones para informar a los estudiantes y controlar las consecuencias negativas de estas estructuras. The general aim of this study was to investigate the effect of passion for physical activity on (physical) burnout in student athletes. The present study was of descriptive survey kind and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research was 350 physical education students from four state universities in Tehran. They were selected in a cluster-random way, and completed questionnaires on passion and burnout, of which 324 questionnaires were usable. The results indicated that obsessive passion with a regression coefficient of 0.23 and a T-statistics of 1.32 did not have a significant effect on the burnout of student athletes. However, the passion consistent with the regression coefficient (-0.66) and the T-statistics (-2.99) have a significant negative effect on the burnout of student athletes. Furthermore, the research model was adequately adjusted. Therefore, it is recommended that university administrators and executives implement and accelerate the planning and implementation of actions to inform students and control the negative consequences of these structures.

Burnout and Perceived Performance Among Junior Athletes-Associations with Affective and Cognitive Components of Stress.

The current study investigated associations between cognitive components such as psychological resilience and perceived stress, and affective components such as positive and negative affect, and athlete burnout and perceived performance among 670 Norwegian junior athletes attending high schools specialized for sports. A hypothesized model of the relations between the constructs was analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results in the current study show that athlete resilience is a key in understanding athlete burnout and perceived performance, and that cognitive (perceived stress) and affective reactions (negative and positive affect) are important mediators in this process.

Reducing the risk of athlete burnout: Psychosocial, sociocultural, and individual considerations for coaches

Past research suggests that athletes’ relationships with their coach can act as a risk factor in the development of burnout. Coaching practice may be enhanced through understanding the multidimensional factors that can augment the associations between coach–athlete relationship quality and athlete burnout. The present study explored both individual difference characteristics (gender, age, and sport level) and sociocultural factors (sport type) as moderators of this relationship. Our findings show statistically significant interaction effects for gender and age. Coaches and practitioners working with younger athletes and male performers in particular, are advised to work with strategies aiming to build relationships and reduce the risk of burnout.

Relationships between Perceived Coaching Behaviors, Competitive Anxiety, and Athlete Burnout

Relationships between Perceived Coaching Behaviors, Competitive Anxiety, and Athlete Burnout

Effect Of Electromagnetic Treated Water Combined With Infrared Radiation On Post-exercise Recovery Of Elite Gymnasts

Gymnasts are required to complete a series of highly difficult routines that need excellent physical condition and plenty of training time, the post-exercise recovery is crucial. Electromagnetic Treated Water (ETW) is very small water molecule clusters caused by the electromagnetic field which can benefit human body in different ways. Infrared radiation (IR) is commonly used in the recovery period of training. PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to assess the effect of ETW combined with IR on post-exercise recovery. METHODS: Twenty gymnasts from China men's national gymnastics team were randomized to the experimental group (EG, N=10) or the control group (CG, N=10). The CG continued with their daily training, the EG received 3-dimensional IR in a specific cabin for 30 minutes after training and drank no less than 1500 mL ETW per day for 12 weeks. Both groups followed the same training plan, diet and nutritional supplements. Blood parameters, including Routine Blood Test (RBT), Creatine Kinase(CK), Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN), Dopamine(DA), Serotonin(5-HT) and Blood Lactate Acid(BLA), were detected before(t1), after(t2) and 1 hour later(t3) of training at D1, D42 and D84. In addition, Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were collected. RESULTS: Comparing with CG, BLA(t3) and 5-HT(t3) was significantly decreased at D1(0.73±0.26 vs. 1.21±0.34 mmol/L, 160.36±26.96 vs. 189.27±40.24 ng/mL, p<0.01, respectively), BUN(t1) was lower at D84 (4.22±0.98 vs. 5.88±1.07mmol/L, p<0.01), as were Physical/Emotional Exhaustion( 9.4±2.80 vs. 13.0±2.49, P<0.01) and Sport Devaluation (9.3±2.75 vs. 12.1±2.02, p<0.05). PSQI was significantly improved at D42 (5.0±1.33 vs. 6.9±2.38, p<0.05) and D84 (3.5±1.65 vs. 6.6±2.55, p<0.01). BLA(t3) were significantly decreased compared with BLA(t2) in EG at D1, D42, D84 (0.73±0.26 vs. 2.50±0.83, 2.40±1.26 vs. 8.21±5.09, 2.05±0.63 vs. 3.46±1.33 mmol/L, p<0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: The result of the present prospective study confirmed that ETW combined with IR can eliminate the BLA efficiently, reduce fatigue accumulation, improve sleep quality and decrease athlete burnout, that all can promote the post-exercise recovery.

Examination of Burnout Levels of Athletes Studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences

The aim of this study is to investigate burnout levels of athletes studying at the faculty of sports sciences. 250 students (female; 102, male; 148) who study in Ondokuz Mayıs University, at the Faculty of Sport Sciences and actively participate in sports life were included in the study. The 5-point Likert-type sports burnout scale developed by Raedeke and Smith (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Kelecek et al.(2016) was used to determine the burnout levels of the subjects. SPSS 22.0 program was used in the statistical analysis of the study. When the results of the study were examined, in gender, team and individual athletes status and in emotional / physical, declining sense of success in section variables, in none of the sensitization sub-dimensions no statistically significant difference was found (p&gt;0.05). As a result, it is thought that the absence of significant difference in the levels of athletic burnout in the findings of the current research may be due to the subject groups’ actively continuing sports, studying at the same faculty and and therefore having the same intensity courses. However, in future researches, when examined with variables such as individually separation of branches, training densities, league levels they play and classes, it is thought that it may make a difference.