Roadways built in permafrost regions are more sensitive to the thermal disturbance caused by the natural environment and engineering construction activities. The construction of the embankment changes the albedo characteristics of the natural ground surfaces. Dark asphalt pavement absorbs a huge amount of solar radiation into the permafrost embankment, which leads to the thawing of frozen soil and freezing-thawing diseases of the embankment. Besides, the south-facing slope of the high-fill embankment is exposed to longer and stronger insolation than the north-facing slope annually. It gives rise to the thermal asymmetrical problem and differential settlement across the embankment. To solve above problems and further improve the thermal stability of permafrost embankment, we study the solar albedo characteristics of pavement and embankment slope surfaces in permafrost regions. In this study, an albedo measurement method is proposed for both pavement surface and slope surfaces. The method is validated by in-situ experiments and compared with traditional albedo measurement methods. Meanwhile, we measure the albedo values of the permafrost embankment surfaces along the G109 Highway in high latitude permafrost regions by using the proposed method. The results show that these embankment surfaces absorb a lot of solar radiation for a long time due to the low albedo. Comparing the measured results and remote sensing data, we carry out a comprehensive analysis of the albedo characteristics of permafrost embankment surfaces. Based on these findings, a preliminary solution is put forward to improve the thermal stability of permafrost embankment and decrease embankment diseases.