Assumption Of Identity Research Articles

Traditional cuisine, a true identity marker

The assumption of ethno-cultural identity through traditional cuisine has become an increasingly popular phenomenon recently, in the context of the increase in migration flows, on the one hand, and the agglutination of the sense of identity, on the other. In this article, we aim to examine the specific gastronomic identity, the circumstances of the construction of contemporary Moldovan cuisine and the influences that have left their mark on the local gastronomic profile. We also highlighted the contributions of ethnologists in the scientific research process of traditional gastronomy. In the second part of the article, we found that, for Moldovans in the diaspora, preserving eating habits and eating traditional foods helps to calm nostalgia for the past and heritage. At the same time, food functions as a social binder, strengthening ties with family and friends.

Historical narratives: how Portuguese students aged 10 and 15 make use of national history

The main purpose of this study is to demonstrate how students make use of their knowledge about national history, while considering relevant perspectives in history education about the development of historical consciousness. A total of 103 students attending the sixth or the ninth grade in Portuguese schools were asked to ‘spontaneously’ write about the history of Portugal. This allowed the understanding of their historical literacy and the identification of the development of their historical consciousness. The data analysis was mainly based on a qualitative approach inspired by the grounded theory, carried out through a process of coding of the narrative elements in order to find meanings on conceptual trends. Generally, the results suggest the prevalence of similar schematic templates in the students’ narratives. At the same time, the research process highlighted two main categories: the assumption of a certain national identity and the understanding of intertemporal relations for personal orientation. Within the former, students either appear tied to fixed conceptions of the past, more often in the sixth grade, or to present a more historically balanced pattern, although still somewhat ethnocentric. In the latter, the idea of connecting the past and the present appears to be the overall trend, particularly in the ninth grade.

Analytical solutions of noncircular tunnels in transversely isotropic rheological rock masses

In the field of tunnelling applications, it is often found that the rock masses exhibit anisotropy and rheological properties. To optimize the utilization of underground space, the use of noncircular tunnels is often preferred. However, it is important to note that these noncircular tunnels can lead to high-stress concentrations and significant displacements.This article presents a thorough analytical study on the time-dependent ground responses induced by the excavation of noncircular tunnels in transversely isotropic viscoelastic rock masses. The study considers a comprehensive set of engineering factors, including the viscoelastic characteristics of the surrounding rock, any anisotropic angle, and arbitrary tunnel shapes.Using the generalized corresponding principle of anisotropic elasticity and anisotropic viscoelasticity, an analytical model is introduced. This model can accurately and swiftly address the problem of deformation and stresses around noncircular tunnels in anisotropic rheological rock masses. The analytical solutions are verified by their good agreement with the Finite Element Method (FEM) results under identical assumptions. Moreover, the qualitative agreement between the analytical solutions and field data further validates the practical application of the analytical solution.A parametric analysis is then performed to investigate the effects of anisotropy ratio, anisotropy angle, and coefficient of lateral pressure on stresses and displacements.The proposed analytical solutions can help reveal the particular mechanical mechanism of the time-dependent ground responses due to the combination of rock anisotropy and rheology. Furthermore, they can provide a more accurate prediction of the ground response, which may be useful to optimize the design of tunnel excavation in anisotropic rheological rock masses.

Algebraic analysis of pairwise comparisons with non-reciprocal property

The law of comparative judgement usually implies the reciprocal property of pairwise comparisons. But time error and position preference could yield some judgements that contradict this identity assumption. This paper proposes an algebraic approach to dealing with the challenge of non-reciprocal property in pairwise comparisons. The concept of non-reciprocal pairwise comparison matrix (NrPCM) is used to characterize the situation of non-reciprocal property. Algebraic analysis of NrPCMs is carried out, where a linear space is constructed by proposing a set of basis. Then the linear space is decomposed into the direct sum of some subspaces. The properties of the space are analyzed such as inner product, decomposition and coordinate. Finally, we apply the algebraic method to investigate the Condorcet paradox under the impact of indifferent voters. A novel transformation formula of non-reciprocal pairwise comparisons is proposed, where the non-reciprocal property holds. It is revealed that the occurrence of voting paradox can be understood clearly according to the transitivity property of NrPCMs.

IEM explained

ABSTRACT In this paper I compare my account of IEM to another one, the Simple View, according to which a judgment is IEM just in case its grounds do not include an identity. The Simple View does not say why no identity assumption is needed to ground the singular judgment in the IEM cases; my account is meant to complement it by providing an answer to that question. According to my account, the judgments that are IEM are based on a certain experience, and what they are about is pre-determined by the mode of that experience, by the type of experience it is, in a way that leaves no room for an alternative.

Reliability evaluation of a multi-state system with dependent components and imprecise parameters: A structural reliability treatment

Reliability evaluation of a multi-state system (MSS) with dependent components makes much practical sense because the independent identical assumption (i.i.d.) assumption between different components is sometimes impractical in the context of real engineering cases. The task becomes more challenging if imprecision gets involved due to the pervasive uncertainty. The loss of monotony resulting from the introduction of imprecise parameters makes many analytical reliability methods not applied. To address this challenge, in this paper, we develop a survival signature-based reliability framework for an MSS taking into account both dependence and uncertainty. In our framework, the survival function is derived through some unique structural reliability treatments. Vine copula and imprecise probability are integrated and embedded within the framework to address the case that dependence and imprecision simultaneously appear. Implementation-wise, two numerical simulation algorithms are developed to address some complicated cases in which the analytical solution is not available. For demonstration and validation, both the numerical case and application examples are presented. The results show the superiority of the proposed method and its potential in real engineering use.

Rewarded Semi-Supervised Re-Identification on Identities Rarely Crossing Camera Views.

Semi-supervised person re-identification (Re-ID) is an important approach for alleviating annotation costs when learning to match person images across camera views. Most existing works assume that training data contains abundant identities crossing camera views. However, this assumption is not true in many real-world applications, especially when images are captured in nonadjacent scenes for Re-ID in wider areas, where the identities rarely cross camera views. In this work, we operate semi-supervised Re-ID under a relaxed assumption of identities rarely crossing camera views, which is still largely ignored in existing methods. Since the identities rarely cross camera views, the underlying sample relations across camera views become much more uncertain, and deteriorate the noise accumulation problem in many advanced Re-ID methods that apply pseudo labeling for associating visually similar samples. To quantify such uncertainty, we parameterize the probabilistic relations between samples in a relation discovery objective for pseudo label training. Then, we introduce reward quantified by identification performance on a few labeled data to guide learning dynamic relations between samples for reducing uncertainty. Our strategy is called the Rewarded Relation Discovery (R 2 D), of which the rewarded learning paradigm is under-explored in existing pseudo labeling methods. To further reduce the uncertainty in sample relations, we perform multiple relation discovery objectives learning to discover probabilistic relations based on different prior knowledge of intra-camera affinity and cross-camera style variation, and fuse the complementary knowledge of different probabilistic relations by similarity distillation. To better evaluate semi-supervised Re-ID on identities rarely crossing camera views, we collect a new real-world dataset called REID-CBD, and perform simulation on benchmark datasets. Experiment results show that our method outperforms a wide range of semi-supervised and unsupervised learning methods.

Incorporating a gender expansive perspective into speech science pedagogy

This talk challenges the assumption of a traditional gender binary in speech science pedagogy. We first define and operationalize notions of sex and gender as they relate to speech communication. We will broadly consider acoustic properties that relate to anatomical differences across humans (such as vocal tract length and vocal fold mass) and acoustic properties that relate to socio-phonetic variation. We challenge the notion that anatomical differences are the only source of speech variability across gender categories. We discuss problems in the literature related to how speakers and listeners are categorized (typically either as binary male/female or binary man/woman with the assumption of cisgender gender identity). We move beyond the binary assumption of the ways that “males” and “females” speak by demonstrating speakers’ agency in constructing linguistic styles that are rich in social information and that convey nuanced identities. We highlight the variability in listeners’ perception of speaker gender and consider potential sources of this variability. Attendees will be provided with instructional tools that incorporate gender diversity into the speech science curriculum and that can be used in classroom discussions and activities.

Negotiating food heritage authenticity in consumer culture

Purpose – Food has entered commerce as an intangible cultural heritage (ICH) because consumers want authentic food and memorable consumption experiences. Food culture and the marketplace are arenas for the creation and articulation of identities and meanings, enabling dynamic conditions that encompass multiple positions and authenticity validations in consumption experiences. This study offers insight into the authentication of gastronomic heritage from a consumer culture perspective. Design / Methodology – A thematic review is conducted to analyse and summarise the literature on gastronomic heritage, authenticity, commercialization, and consumer behaviour in the food industry. Approach – Literature works from databases and academic platforms were used to highlight several key thematic points and arguments related to the authentication process and consumer behaviour. Findings – Food authenticity is socially negotiated by a variety of actors who mobilise resources and a web of interactions, creating identity and value according to their position as they respond to differences in market culture. The negotiation of authenticity mediates the assumption of legitimacy, quality, and identity that diversifies consumption patterns. Originality of the research – The article contributes to a theoretical discourse that extends the conceptualisation of authenticity in addressing food heritage within a dynamic consumption context and commercialisation agenda.

(Re)konstrukcija identiteta visokoobrazovanih povratnika - slučaj Srbija

The aim of this paper is to analyze empirical data collected through focus-group research that examined the experience and formation of the identity of highly educated returnees after a period of studying abroad. We start from the theoretical assumption of identity as a social category, which means that it is the result of the interaction between people, institutions and practice, and thus it is changeable, in the constant process of formation and never completed. The emphasis will be placed on the analysis of building the respondents' identity and their attitudes towards individual identity components. From interviews it can be concluded that migration experience has largely affected the building and understanding of own identity, that it remains open to influences of new social environments, while also preserving the contours of national culture.

<em>Soy un amasamiento.</em> Political Collectivity and the Problem of Identity

"Identity" is an important political category to highlight and confront experiences of discrimination, exclusion, or oppression that remain invisible within anabstract reference to equality. However, as a point of reference, "identity" produces ambiguities and exclusions that seem to challenge the possibility of building political collectivities and establishing practices of speaking for each other. In the first two parts of this article, I will develop the problem of identity for the formation of collectives. On this ground, I will argue that instead of leading to further fragmentation and individualization, this insight could be a starting point to think about the relationship between identity and political subjectivity in different ways. This will be discussed in the third step, drawing primarily on Chicana Feminism (especially Gloria Anzaldúa and Chela Sandoval) where the aim of building political collectivities that surpass the notion of identity assumptions is derived from an ethical-aesthetic idea of transformation and alienation that I will suggest to understand with Anzaldúa's term "amasamiento."

Les Lieux de Memoire and the Legacies of Roma Slavery in the Collective Memory. Case Study in Tismana, Gorj County, Romania

This article aims to analyse the content of the local collective memory regarding slavery in Tismana, the place of the first documentary attestation of “Gypsies” in Romanian territory as slaves. To construct my theoretical framework, I use theories particularly from the field of sociology, but I also take in consideration works from the field of history and cultural studies. The research model I use is a qualitative one – ethnographic, based on the theory of social representations. The case study is based on the relationship between the local mnemonics (the presence of the monastery) that refer to the phenomenon of slavery and the Roma community. After I identify the content of local collective memory regarding the phenomenon of “Gypsy slavery” and the meanings attributed to the mnemonics relating to slavery, I analyse how this content influences the construction and assumption of Roma ethnic identity, today, in this locality. I argue how the heritage of slavery shapes the relations between Roma and the majority population nowadays. This article also aims to introduce the debate on Roma slavery in Romania into the global discussion on collective memory, identity, and the legacies of slavery.

On the Mass Ratio Distribution of Black Hole Mergers in Triple Systems

Observations have shown that the majority of massive stars, the progenitors of black holes (BHs), have on average more than one stellar companion. In triple systems, wide inner binaries can be driven to a merger by a third body due to long-term secular interactions, most notably by the eccentric Lidov–Kozai effect. In this study, we explore the properties of BH mergers in triple systems and compare their population properties to those of binaries produced in isolation and assembled in dense star clusters. Using the same stellar physics and identical assumptions for the initial populations of binaries and triples, we show that stellar triples yield a significantly flatter mass ratio distribution from q = 1 down to q ∼ 0.3 than either binary stars or dense stellar clusters, similar to the population properties inferred from the most recent catalog of gravitational-wave events, though we do not claim that all the observed events can be accounted for with triples. While hierarchical mergers in clusters can also produce asymmetric mass ratios, the unique spins of such mergers can be used to distinguish them from those produced from stellar triples. All three channels occupy distinct regions in the total mass–mass ratio space, which may allow them to be disentangled as more BH mergers are detected by LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA.

Demonstrating LGBTQ+ Affirmative Practice in Groups:: Developing Competence through Simulation-Based Learning

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and/or gender minority (LGBTQ+) populations experience significant mental and behavioral health disparities. Social workers are uniquely positioned to address these vulnerabilities. However, clinical graduate education has not effectively promoted or taught competent practice with LGBTQ+ populations. This qualitative study details the foundational competencies required for affirmative practice in group therapy with LGBTQ+ populations and describes a simulation-based learning activity designed to develop these competencies in graduate students. The following themes were identified as critical to affirmative practice, as identified through student reflections on their simulation-based learning experiences: deeply engaging in a strengths-based stance, keeping the group in group therapy, avoiding the expert trap, and managing identity assumptions. Implications for clinical social work education and practice are discussed.

Idea of national humour and Americanisation in Australia and Britain

The widespread notion of a unique national humour involves an impulse to apply the commonplace assumptions of national identity that demand uniqueness of identity, history, language and culture for a political society. What is deemed true and distinctive of the nation must be also be true and distinctive of its national humour, goes the thinking. However, such cultural exclusivity has not been reconciled with cultural exchanges between nations. Paradoxically, conceptions of national humour have been formulated in dynamic tension with such exchanges during the various phases of globalization that have taken place since the 19th century. The Americanisation of humour, in particular, has been an important component of such transmissions and resulted from the commercial popular culture dominated by America since the nineteenth century. Australia is a prime example examined here along with examples from Britain. To complicate matters of transmission, Americanisation sometimes arrived in Australia via Britain as well as directly from America itself. Australians and Britons periodically reacted against American culture, including humour, as a threat to national identity. But this was part of a dynamic tension played out between modern and traditional, imported and local in their selections and adaptations of humour imports from America. There is a huge and historic complexity of cultural anxiety and cultural transfer lying behind the apparent cultural comforts of belonging to a nation-state. Moreover, humour has played its part in the continual discursive recreation of the nation in the form of constant searches for the unique national humour of a people.

Modeling the formation of disinfection byproducts in chlorinated swimming pool water: Role of body fluid analog

Abstract The recirculation of pool water and the continuous input of pollutants and disinfectants in swimming pools intensifies the accumulation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), which have received increasing attention. Trihalomethanes (THMs) are the most common DBPs found in swimming pool water. Developing a predictive THM model is an efficient and promising way to optimize the chlorine dosage and guarantee water safety. Because the main components of swimmer inputs and their respective quantities have been formalized and determined through body fluid analogs (BFA), the model development can rely on the chlorination of BFA components and mixtures. In this study, a well-established second-order reaction chlorine decay model with a variable reaction rate coefficient was expanded to describe the chlorine consumption in swimming pool water. The THM model with a variable formation coefficient was first developed based on the identical assumption of the chlorine model, that is, the reactivity of the reactants decreases as the reaction progresses. The results showed that uric acid exhibited the fastest initial rate coefficient for chlorine decay. Although citric acid showed a considerably high specific THM formation potential (μmol-THM, species/mg productive chlorine consumption), urea and humic acid (HA) were attributed to the fast-reacting THM formation precursors. The rate coefficients of urea and HA were higher than that of citric acid. For the mixture, the (overall) reaction rate coefficients were formulated as a function of the rate coefficient of the individual substance and the concentration of the substance remaining in the water. This concept was tested using BFA and BFA with HA. The model accurately described the chlorine consumption and THM concentrations (R2 > 0.96).

Simulation of direct separation technology for carbon capture and storage in the cement industry

This research investigated the application of the direct separation reactor (DSR) to the cement industry to capture a large portion of the process-derived CO2. The case herein assumed a DSR fuelled by natural gas, and downstream rotary kiln with a typical coal- and refuse-derived fuel blend. A range of key performance indicators were assessed with these compared to a baseline plant simulated with identical assumptions. This research found that the DSR has the potential to capture up to 58–68% of CO2, reducing net direct emissions from production to around 0.17–0.21 tCO2/tcmnt. This can be achieved with a minimal penalty to thermal duty (+8%) and modest increase in electrical requirement (+30%). Overall, this work calculated a cost of CO2 capture cost between £39-53/tCO2. Promisingly, these results were achieved without rigorous process optimisation, and there are many avenues to further improve the performance of the DSR.

Impacts of model structure, framework, and flexibility on perspectives of 100% renewable energy transition decision-making

As the discourse surrounding 100% renewable energy systems has evolved, several energy system modelling tools have been developed to demonstrate the technical feasibility and economic viability of fully sustainable, sector coupled energy systems. While the characteristics of these tools vary among each other, their purpose remains consistent in integrating renewable energy technologies into future energy systems. This paper examines two such energy system models, the LUT Energy System Transition model, an optimisation model, and the EnergyPLAN simulation tool, a simulation model, and develops cost-optimal scenarios under identical assumptions. This paper further analyses different novel modelling approaches used by modellers. Scenarios are developed using the LUT model for Sun Belt countries, for the case of Bolivia, to examine the effects of multi and single-node structuring, and the effects of overnight and energy transition scenarios are analysed. Results for all scenarios indicate a solar PV dominated energy system; however, limitations arise in the sector coupling capabilities in EnergyPLAN, leading it to have noticeably higher annualised costs compared to the single-node scenario from the LUT model despite similar primary levelised costs of electricity. Multi-nodal results reveal that for countries with rich solar resources, high transmission from regions of best solar resources adds little value compared to fully decentralised systems. Finally, compared to the overnight scenarios, transition scenarios demonstrate the impact of considering legacy energy systems in sustainable energy system analyses.

Effective and Affirming Communication with Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Patients

Bias is an important but often misunderstood factor in our learning. Too often, when faced with a novel or uncomfortable situation or set of facts, we fall back on what feels comfortable or familiar to us or adopt a stance of “neutrality.” In this instance, neutrality indicates deference to the status quo and an assumption of heteronormative and cisgender identities. Unfortunately, in medical education, this stance can effectively erase or make invisible those patients that do have unique needs, and for whom an awareness of minority identities can make the difference between affirming and competent care, or merely adequate care, or, at worst, stigmatizing care. In this roundtable discussion, we will explore methods by which clinicians and practitioners can utilize more inclusive, non‐stigmatizing, and exploratory language to create more effective, affirming, and inclusive learning environments. Critical to this practice is the knowledge and exploration of our biases and how they affect our assumptions and interactions, and what we can do to help moderate their potential influence, both in education and in practice.

“From All Sides”: Black-Asian Reddit Communities Identify and Expand Experiences of the Multiracial Microaggression Taxonomy

The purpose of this paper is to examine the identity narratives of online Black-Asian communities concerning their multiracial microaggression experiences. As we are investigating an under-explored population, we utilize a purposive sampling method to narrow forum engagement by Black-Asian users on the popular social media network, Reddit. Our research is guided by multiracial critical theory (MultiCrit) which highlights monoracism as a ubiquitous element of the monoracial paradigm of race. In our research, we employ a content analysis using Black-Asian microaggression narratives to test the existing multiracial microaggression taxonomy. Our findings demonstrate that Black-Asian subreddit communities identified all of the existing multiracial microaggression categories: (1) exclusion or isolation; (2) exotification and objectification; (3) assumption of monoracial or mistaken identity; (4) denial of multiraciality; (5) pathologizing of identity and experiences; and (6) microaggressions based on racial stereotypes. Our analysis also found an emerging microaggression category entitled (7) white-mixed superiority. These multiracial microaggressions drew on monoracist ideologies and the monoracial paradigm of race, which exclude Black-Asian people and aid the maintenance of white supremacy in the United States. As such, we suggest further inquiry and expansion of the multiracial microaggression taxonomy to include how racism, particularly the monoracial paradigm of race, influences non-white multiracial identities.