Cavitation bubble dynamics, such as microjets and moving shock waves, are strongly influenced by their surroundings. We investigated the complex bubble behavior during the growth and collapse stages near a blind hole. The simultaneous study, which is a combination of experiment and numerical methods, was performed. The single bubble was induced by a laser focus beam near a blind hole in the cuvette and measured by a high-speed camera with an image processing method. Numerical predictions were conducted for a detailed further investigation of the pressure and velocity fields near and inside the bubble. A fully compressible two-phase Navier-Stokes solver based on the homogeneous flow assumption was used. Both experimental and numerical results showed good agreement with each other. Strong deformation of the bottom bubble surface evolution was observed at low standoffs above the hole entrance. An extremely high-velocity microjet with a mushroom cap-shaped bubble was predicted under high standoffs below the hole entrance. Secondary cavitation in the blind hole was observed experimentally, and we discussed the low-pressure region caused by the interaction among the shock wave, bubble, and blind hole. Consequently, the tendencies of maximum microjet velocity and time-dependent surface pressure in the collapse phase are suggested.