ASEAN Economic Community Research Articles

A Systematic Review of the English Situation in the Implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)

The implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (ACE) in the ASEAN countries also has several possible impacts on the increasing use of English in the ASEAN countries especially on teaching and learning English in education system. In addition, to identify the skills to fullfill the requirement to work across ASEAN. There is a need to identify the need for the current study on the situation of English in ASEAN during the AEC implementation with the systematic review analysis. This systematic review was guided by the PRISMA statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) in its systematic online database searching involving keyword searching, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. The results show the methods that have been used include qualitative, quantitative amd also mixed methods. In addition, five main themes are identified; English for ASEAN regionalism, English skills for working in ASEAN, English as lingua franca in ASEAN, English in the curriculum, and English in the education system. Based on this analysis the review identified the recommendation for English teaching.

Implementation Fuzzy and Extended Kalman Filter for Estimation of High and Low Stock Price Travel Company

Competition in the business world is getting tougher from year to year both within a country and abroad. There are a large number of companies competing with one another, especially entering the free market share in Asia, namely the Asean Economic Community (AEC). In the current development of modern economy, Indonesia is making efforts to increase its economic growth. For this, developments in any fields are made. Among others is the service industry such as accommodation, travel, and transportation services. Considering that Indonesia is a country comprised of many islands with a variety of natural beauty, it has the very potential for tourist resort attraction. This kind of thing leads to the growth of the Travel, tourism and hotel industry to support development of tourism. With such rapid service industry development, supported by promising business opportunities, investors for such sector are encouraged. The right way to reduce risk for investors interested is to develop a system for estimating the stock prices. Therefore, in this study, the high and low stock price estimation method applied for travel companies adopted developed Kalman Filter, a comparison of two Kalman Filter development methods, namely Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Fuzzy Kalman Filter (FKF) as a chart for investors to take into consideration in their investment decision making. The simulation results showed that the EKF method had higher accuracy than the FKF method with an error by the EKF of 3.5% and that by the FKF of 8.9%.

Design Al Amin Science Animal Husbandry Area and GAHP-Based Industrial Park (Living Lab) in Kutalimbaru Sub-District

Al Amin Science and Industrial Park (Living Lab) is an area that is projected to become a field laboratory and workshop center that accommodates all study programs at UNPAB. This area is also planned to become Ecoedutourism. One of the functions that will be developed in this area is the Animal husbandry area. Facing AEC (ASEAN Economic Community) 2015 in the food sector, especially Animal husbandry products, strict standardization is needed so that the concept of Good Animal Husbandry Practices (GAHP) needs to be applied. Thus, a good planning of supporting building design concepts is needed in the Al Amin Science and Industrial Park (Living Lab) Animal husbandry area by considering GAHP (Good Anima Husbandry Practice). The implementation of GAHP aims to ensure that the Animal husbandry products produced are safe for consumption with the right quality and appropriate for consumers, while also ensuring that the Animal husbandry products are produced in the right way without causing environmental loss/damage, health, safety and welfare of workers in the Animal husbandry sector. The purpose of this study is to produce the design of supporting buildings in the Animal husbandry area of Al Amin Science and Industrial Park (Living Lab) based on GAHP. The results of this design are expected to be a direction for the development of supporting buildings in the Animal husbandry area of Al Amin Science and Industrial Park (Living Lab). Keywords: Animal husbandry Area; Design; GAHP; Living Lab; Kutalimbaru

Vocational High School Strategic Efforts in Dealing with ASEAN Economic Communities

This study aims to reveal the readiness and efforts of vocational high schools in dealing with the ASEAN economic community. This research was qualitative research with an ethnographic design. Informants in this study were the principal, deputy head of the curriculum, the head of the accounting department, and the accounting teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar and SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta. The data collection techniques used in this study were interviews and observation. Data analysis was carried out through data collection, data reduction, and data presentation to draw conclusions. The results of this study showed that SMKN 1 Karanganyar and SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta made preparatory efforts to deal with the ASEAN economic community. Those preparatory efforts included increasing the students’ skills through learning, both theoretically and practically, inside and outside the school environment, such as collaborating with the industrial and the business field, implementing the 2013 curriculum, increasing teacher knowledge through MGMP (Deliberation Subject Teachers), inviting teachers from institutions or universities, and completing school infrastructure. The research conducted in both schools revealed differences in efforts to prepare their students. These differences include SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar innovating to invite other teachers to update the knowledge of teachers and students, build their accounting laboratories, and support teachers to be assessors. Meanwhile, SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta lacks school innovation and teachers as assessors. Furthermore, the laboratory of accounting majors is also used as other majors.

Labor Mobility within ASEAN Countries: Policy and Practice

The ASEAN Economic Community – AEC was established to help shape the free movement of goods, services, investment capital and skilled labor in the region. A common labor market that the AEC aims to create will create opportunities for skilled workers in the ASEAN region to find suitable jobs, capable of developing their careers, providing a worthy source of income and many other opportunities. However, taking advantage of opportunities from the implementation of the policy of free movement of skilled labor in the ASEAN Economic Community is not easy because countries will have different reactions to protect the legitimate interests of ASEAN countries. This creates barriers to fully implementing commitments to liberalize the movement of skilled labor within the bloc. By statistical, descriptive, historical, and logical methods, the article presents the basic content of ASEAN's regulations on intra-regional labor mobility and presents the reality of workers moving within countries ASEAN and a number of issues raised in the following years.

Effectiveness of Small Group Discussions (SGD) to Improve Learning Outcome and Critical Thinking in Medical Student: a Literature Review

The challenges in the health sector are getting tougher with the opening of the ASEAN Economic Community. Health workers do compete not only domestically but also abroad. To create Indonesian health workers who have good knowledge and skills, think critically, and can make good use of technology, the education process since undergraduate must be continuously improved. Various innovations have been made to form graduates who can compete in the future, including implementing SGD. This review aims to assess the effectiveness of SGD in improving student learning outcomes and critical thinking. The method in this study was a literature review, with 16 articles that met the inclusion criteria. A review of several studies found that SGD can improve medical students' learning outcomes and critical thinking if the process is carried out effectively.

Strategi Peningkatan Daya Saing UMKM Dalam Menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN

In order to achieve stable and sustainable economic growth, it is necessary to support solid macroeconomic and financial system stability. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia are getting serious attention to the government and the community's disability. Indonesia is progressing from year to year which cannot be underestimated. However, Indonesia must be more persistent in improving quality in all sectors of the economy, increasing competitiveness by utilizing advances in information and communication technology that are increasingly advanced as they are today. Why do Indonesian MSMEs have the right to improve the welfare of the Indonesian people and national economic growth, especially in the face of the ASEAN free market? And how are possible strategy efforts to be implemented for the government and Indonesian MSME business people? This study aims to provide an explanation of the form of efforts to Increase the Competitiveness of MSMEs in Facing the ASEAN Economic Community. This study uses a descriptive analytical research method to provide a complete picture of the current power of MSMEs. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach through critical appraisal. The ability of MSMEs to face the flow of global competition does need to be further thought about in order to survive for the stability of the Indonesian economy.

Macroeconomic Variables and Its Impact on CO2 Emissions: An Empirical Study on Selected ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Countries

Macroeconomic Variables and Its Impact on CO2 Emissions: An Empirical Study on Selected ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Countries

Liberalization of the Health Sector and Fulfillment of the Right to Health: How does international law respond to this condition?

Liberalization in the health sector is one of the problems faced, not only by Indonesia, but also by various countries in Southeast Asia. This condition emerged as one of the impacts of the agreement of Southeast Asian countries in free trade, where services became part of the ASEAN Economic Community which in the end massively liberalized trade in services. However, in the health services sector, problems arise in Indonesia, both in terms of policies, governance, certification, and competency standards which are considered to be obstacles in efforts to liberalize trade in services, especially in the health sector. This study aims to analyze aspects of international law and human rights in the liberalization of health services.

Measuring the effectiveness of ASEAN-5 initiatives from emerging market portfolio’s perspective

ASEAN nations started ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) initiatives, with the goal of improving the economic movement in ASEAN. The initiative is expected to lead to higher integration in the regions. The objective of this research was to study the integration of equity markets in the ASEAN-5 nations (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and the Philippines), particularly those involving the Indonesian stock market (Indonesia’s economy is the largest in the region), and to analyze the diversification opportunities among ASEAN equity exchanges. Theoretically, capital markets in these nations should be more integrated following the introduction of AEC due to the integration of their economy and removal of several investment restrictions, including foreign ownership limitation. The data used was weekly data was used from January 2000 to June 2019, which was divided into four periods: pre-crisis, crisis, post-crisis and AEC. The methods used were DCC-GARCH, AG-DCC, volatility spillovers, Granger causality and diversification ratio from the mean-variance framework. The results showed robust evidence that there were still less integrated equity markets in ASEAN-5. The volatility spillover declined during the post-crisis period and was relatively stable during the AEC period. This result implies that ASEAN-5 initiatives have an impact on the capital markets. However, the implementation of the AEC is still far from successful since the equity exchanges have become less integrated than in the post-crisis period. Investors in Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines are encouraged to avoid investing heavily in Indonesia and Thailand equities during market turmoil since both are net contributors to volatility.

Analysis Of Promotion And Marketing Strategies In The Global Market

Small, micro and medium business competition continues to increase, so efforts are needed. so that MSMEs can maintain the continuity of their business in facing the global market era of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). One of the efforts is to improve the strategy that has the lowest risk of failure known as the go-to-market strategy. Globalization is another test for companies when implementing advertising methods. Due to globalization, organizations have to compete with organizations that have large capital and quality assets. So far, Indonesia has become a competitive target market. Globalization and market competition require all executives to focus on the global climate. Advertising is something every business should do. The most important thing in advertising is conveying effective and persuasive messages that attract consumers' attention. This article aims to study advertising and marketing strategies in the global market. This research method uses qualitative methods. The strength of global trade unions in the Indonesian market lies in their ability to develop global marketing strategies adapted to the Indonesian market.

Analisis Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Kepuasan Kerja Perawat Di RSUD dr. Pirngadi Medan

The establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015 allows a country to sell health services including nurses to ASEAN countries, this is a threat for nurses in Indonesia because they have to be able to compete with nurses from other countries. Indonesian nurses still have to make improvements both in terms of competence and quality of service where to be able to improve the quality of service, nurses in carrying out their duties must get job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is a positive attitude towards work in a person which is individual. Each individual has a different level of job satisfaction in accordance with the value system that applies to the person where many factors can affect job satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect job satisfaction (compensation, promotion opportunities, supervision, coworkers, job characteristics, work environment) of nurses at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan. The research design was observational study with cross-sectional approach and using questionnaires as a research instrument. The sample was 79 State Civil Apparatus Nurses. The statistical test used is the chi-square test and logistic regression. The result shown that 57% of nurses who were satisfied with their jobs as many as 40.5% stated that compensation was in the unfavorable category, 45.6% stated that promotion opportunities were in the sufficient category, 34.2% stated that supervision in the favorable category, as many as 35.5% stated that coworkers were in the unfavorable category, as many as 37.1% stated that the characteristics of work in the appropriate category and as many as 30.5% stated the work environment was in the good category. Multivariate test analysis results using logistic regression showed that compensation, promotion opportunities, supervision, coworkers, job characteristics, and work environment has a value of p<0,05 which means significantly influence job satisfaction. The conclusions was obtained that compensation is the most dominant factor affecting job satisfaction of nurses in RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan. The hospital management is expected to pay more attention to the factors of job satisfaction of nurses in order to improve the quality of service at the hospital.

The Role Of Digital Marketing For Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises In The Era Of The Asean Economic Community

Today's technology continues to grow and users begin to feel the benefits of using the internet. Some feel dependence on the presence of the Internet, including the activities of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) using information technology in their business, especially in the era of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). The purpose of this study is to describe in general the impact of digital marketing on SME sales in Batam City. This research is qualitative in nature and uses a triangular model that combines structured interview methods, in-depth interviews and observations of MSMEs participants who actively participate in Market Community Improvement Services – Cooperatives and SMEs in the City. From the results of the study it can be seen that digital marketing facilitates communication and direct interaction between MSME players and consumers, increasing market share, increasing the visibility of MSME players and increasing sales.

Vietnam economic positioning in ASEAN since Vietnam joined the ASEAN economic community (AEC)

Based on secondary data collected from the World Bank, the study presents the position of Vietnam's economy in the ASEAN region since Vietnam joined the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), from 2016 until now. The analysis results show that the Vietnamese economy has achieved many remarkable results and has increased significantly.This result is shown through indicators of gross national income (GDP), GDP structure, GDP growth rate, Per capita GDP,, import and export turnover of goods and services, labor productivity has grown steadily.Especially in this period, despite facing many difficulties and challenges of the covid-19 pandemic, Vietnam's economy still maintained a positive growth rate and reached an average of 5.65% during this period.However, when compared with countries in the ASEAN region, the scale of Vietnam's economy is still quite low, Vietnam is still one of the least developed economies and the difference between Vietnam and developed countries in the region through comparative indicators. comparison is still quite high. On the basis of the analysis, the study has proposed a number of recommendations for the Vietnamese economy to gradually improve its position in the region in the near future.

E-COMMERCE LOGISTICS IN THE GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION

The article explores the development of e-commerce logistics in the Greater Mekong Subregion as an example of digital transformation of economic and commercial activity in Southeast Asia. On reviewing the present state and the dynamics of e-commerce-related processes in Southeast Asia, the paper points out salient features of regional economic growth initiatives in synergy with the priorities of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) 2025. The substantial and the institutional dimension of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) are discussed in detail. The paper finally turns to analyzing the GMS transport and logistics component in connection with e-commerce practices across the GMS area. The article does not aim to discuss the e-commerce and the economic corridors of the GMS apart from each other, which has been done by other researchers. Instead, the analytical focus of the paper, namely, a synergy between e-commerce, transport and logistics exemplified by the GMS cooperation, accounts for its academic novelty. The author argues that owing to the resources and assets that move beyond digitalization per se, China is likely to be the key beneficiary of the current demand for synergizing e-commerce with transport and logistics transnational infrastructure shared by Southeast Asia. Although this conclusion confirms earlier assessments, the GMS e-commerce logistics example convincingly demonstrates that Southeast Asia increasingly becomes a PRC-oriented area of economic and commercial activity.

THE RCEP E-COMMERCE CHAPTER: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY

The paper analyses the e-commerce chapter of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) from the perspective of the ASEAN Economic Community. Part One traces the RCEP origins, evolution and interim results. Part Two is focuses on the provisions of Chapter Twelve that outlines the RCEP e-commerce-related parameters of cooperation. Arguably, their most salient features suggest that China may well use them to its best advantage by synergizing the RCEP institutional mechanisms with its mega-strategy the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Part Three assesses the impact of the RCEP e-commerce chapter on the Association, most importantly, on the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community 2025. The author argues that for the association the RCEP e-commerce provisions can be a point of vulnerability rather than a reason for optimism, as ASEAN’s spectrum of the AECrelated instruments may narrow. By adapting the digital transformation to the ASEAN context, the paper takes a step forward in increasing knowledge on ASEAN evolution amidst the current global trends. In light of this, the paper contributes to the existing research on ASEAN and ASEAN-led multilateralism, as the implications of the RCEP e-commerce component have not yet been analyzed from an AEC perspective. The findings and assessments of the paper are of both academic and practical significance.

The Influence of Raw Materials and Direct Labor Costs on Profit Margin Ratio in UMKM Agan Cibinong, Bogor Regency

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises or known as UMKM have many roles in eradicating poverty, reducing unemployment, and increasing people's income so that they can be independent in supporting their economy. UMKM actors must be able to develop and survive in line with intense business competition. The ability to compete in trade is important so that the Indonesian economy remains strong, especially in the face of the Asean Economic Community (AEC). Therefore, the government continues to strive so that UMKM in various regions can develop so as to support the economy of small communities by providing various facilities both in terms of funding, marketing, licensing and other supporting facilities. The presence of the industrial revolution 4.0 has the impact of intense competition, UMKM must be able to overcome this challenge creatively, product innovation, marketing, product packaging, human resource development and technology. The UMKM empowerment strategy can be pursued through the role of the Government in issuing fiscal and non-fiscal policies, the role of universities in carrying out services to educate and prosper the community and the role of stakeholders in encouraging UMKM to be more independent and innovative.

DAYA SAING KAKAO INDONESIA DI PASAR ASEAN PRA DAN PASKA PEMBERLAKUAN MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN

The analysis of the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa aims to convey Indonesian's cocoa export position amidst the ASEAN trades, particularly after two years of the establishment of ASEAN Economic Community. The research used three economic indicators in order to measure the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa. These indicators are RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage), EPD (Export Product Dynamics), and MS (Market Share). The three indicators were used in period of 2012 and 2017 in the ASEAN market. The results showed that the cocoa product with HS-180100, HS-180310, HS-180320 and HS-180500 code have competitiveness in Malaysia, Philippines and Singapore. However, the competitiveness of all types of cocoa has decreased after the implementation of ASEAN Economic Community.

Indonesian and Malaysian Labor Law Comparative Study In Enhancing The Competitiveness of Workers In The Framework of The Asean Economic Community

The Employment conditions have various labor problems ranging from wage policies, working time, occupational safety and health, social security and maternity protection, equality of opportunity and non-discrimination, and freedom of association, to the lack of employment opportunities and the increasing unemployment rate. Within the framework of the MEA, Indonesia and Malaysia need to develop labor institutions through the development of human resources in preparing competent workers according to the directives of the AEC blueprint. HR development can be carried out in accordance with the rule of law by preparing the workforce of each country at the ASEAN level. MEA facilitates the movement of skilled workers to be accepted in ASEAN member countries and the flow (in and out) of labor between ASEAN member countries is very open, for that there will be competition between countries in skilled labor.

Developing Communicative and Web Based-English Syllabus for Economics and Business Students

Although the English lecturers have created an English syllabus since they started to teach English based on Higher Education Curriculum, it still needs to cover the needs of economic students. This research aimed: 1) to determine the needs of English learning materials (e.g., English skills, English sub-skills, and topic and themes), develop the learning objectives of communicative and WEB based-English syllabus, and 2) measure the eligibility of communicative and WEB-Based English syllabus for students of Economics. This research was designed as a developmental research that involved thirty-three economic students, four English lecturers, four alumni, and two stakeholders. This research data was gathered from a set questionnaire, interview, and documentation. The results of this research revealed that the students of Economics need integrated English language skills. Then, the communicative approach used in designing the communicative syllabus focuses on communication as the organizing principle for teaching rather than mastering the grammatical structure. Moreover, from the experts' perspective, the communicative and WEB Based English Syllabus eligibility was in a very good category (97.08%). Students could use this developed syllabus to improve their English proficiency. It could optimally solve the problems of a non-existent English course syllabus for economics students' qualification to compete for jobs, the global market, and the ASEAN Economics Community. In conclusion, economic students need English learning syllabus and materials related to their disciplines, and the developed communicative and WEB-based syllabus has been suitable for the economic students' needs in improving their English proficiency.