Research Association Research Articles

#consented – A semantic consent code to facilitate consistent documentation and implementation of consent in collaborative medical research

IntroductionIn German and international research networks different approaches concerning patient consent are applied. So far it is time-consuming to find out to what extent data from these networks can be used for a specific research project. To make the contents of the consents queryable, we aimed for a permission-based approach (Opt-In) that can map both the permission and the withdrawal of consent contents as well as make it queryable beyond project boundaries. Materials and methodsThe current state of research was analysed in terms of approach and reusability. Selected process models for defining consent policies were abstracted in a next step. On this basis, a standardised semantic terminology for the description of consent policies was developed and initially agreed with experts. In a final step, the resulting code was evaluated with regards to different aspects of applicability. ResultsA first and extendable version for a Semantic Consent Code (SCC) based on 3-axis (CLASS, ACTION, PURPOSE) was developed, consolidated und published. The added value achieved by the SCC was illustrated using the example of real consents from large national research associations (Medical Informatics Initiative and NUM NAPKON/NUKLEUS). The applicability of the SCC was successfully evaluated in terms of the manual semantic mapping of consents by briefly trained personnel and the automated interpretability of consent policies according to the SCC (and vice versa). In addition, a concept for the use of the SCC to simplify consent queries in heterogeneous research scenarios was presented. ConclusionsThe Semantic Consent Code has already successfully undergone initial evaluations. As the published 3-axis code SCC is an essential preliminary work to standardising initially diverse consent texts and contents and can iteratively be extended in multiple ways in terms of content and technical additions. It should be extended in cooperation with the potential user community.

The Anne and Henry Zarrow Foundation makes second $5 million grant to Alzheimer's Association for research.

The Anne and Henry Zarrow Foundation makes second $5 million grant to Alzheimer's Association for research.

Evaluating the Reliability of a Social Presence Composite Construct for Online Computer Science Degree Programmes

As a contribution to ongoing discussions about the implications of social presence for online instruction technology, this study evaluated the reliability and validity of a composite social presence construct in online computer science programmes using archival data from the Computing Research Association’s (CRA) Center for Evaluating the Research Pipeline (CERP) Data Buddies Survey. Questions from the survey were aligned to three interdependent subconstructs of social presence proposed by Kreijns et al (2021). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to analyse the relationships between the subconstructs. Cronbach’s alpha was used to evaluate the internal consistency and reliability of the subconstructs of social presence, sociability, and social space, as well as the composite construct of social presence. The findings indicate that the social presence construct and its subconstructs are internally consistent and highly reliable, aligned with the CERP survey. Results indicated that the subconstructs are interrelated indicators of the perception of social presence in online computer science programmes. This study contributes to the literature concerning measuring social presence in online learning by providing a reliable and valid construct that can be used to assess the construct using different permutations of analysis on the CERP dataset.

A Novel Nutritional Therapy Through Lysophosphatidyl Choline DHA on Arsenic Exposed Dams and Pups, Postdoctoral Research Associate

A Novel Nutritional Therapy Through Lysophosphatidyl Choline DHA on Arsenic Exposed Dams and Pups, Postdoctoral Research Associate

Validierung eines Tests zur Erfassung des Grundlagenwissens zu Künstlicher Intelligenz von angehenden Lehrkräften im berufsbildenden Bereich

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly important for numerous areas of life and work and is considered to be a "driver of digitalisation" in the second wave of digital transformation. Vocational education and training is directly affected by this dynamic development, given the AI-related changes to job profiles and the resulting skills requirements for (future) skilled workers. Responsibility for organising the qualification processes lies with the teaching staff, whose professional training so far lacks AI content. It can be assumed that this group has little prior knowledge of AI. In order to generate reliable findings on the extent of the AI knowledge of (prospective) teachers and to establish appropriate training and further education programmes based on this, test instruments are required that can be used to validly measure knowledge. For newly developed instruments, comprehensive analyses based on the "Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing" of American Educational Research Association (AERA) et al. (2014) are required to ensure validity. The article discusses the analyses regarding the assessment of the aspects "test content" and "relation to other characteristics". Based on the findings, the theoretically postulated assumptions regarding the AI knowledge of (prospective) teachers can be substantiated with empirical evidence.

Disparities in awareness and treatment among women with hypertension: Insights from the American Heart Association Research Goes Red Registry

Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and affects nearly one-third of women in the U.S. Prior research has demonstrated declining rates of blood pressure (BP) control nationally among women, and there are significant racial and ethnic disparities in both hypertension prevalence and outcomes among U.S. women. However, national-level data on attitudes and awareness of women with hypertension are limited. To address this gap, data were analyzed from participants with self-reported hypertension enrolled in the American Heart Association's Research Goes Red Registry. Of 6170 women who responded as of February 2023, 1835 (30 %) reported a history of hypertension. The top health concerns reported among women with hypertension were weight, healthcare access and costs, and hypertension. Health concerns varied significantly by age, race, and ethnicity; younger women and Black and Hispanic women were more likely to report hypertension as their top concern. Among women with self-reported hypertension, 77 % reported knowing their BP, and 90 % reported being on an anti-hypertensive. Black and Hispanic women were less likely to know their BP compared to White women. Younger women were less likely to be treated for hypertension, and there were also disparities in treatment by employment status and among uninsured women. In this national registry of women in the U.S., gaps and disparities exist in awareness and treatment of hypertension, highlighting targets for quality improvement in hypertension care for women.

Classification of the Volume of Tumor Lesion of the Chest Wall as A Prerequisite for Planning Surgical Treatment

Tumors of the chest wall are a heterogenous group of neoplasms per nosology, clinical progression, and treatment methods. Primary tumors of this location, according to some authors, comprise between 1 and 5 %, and 60 % of them are malignant. Tumors of the chest wall can have not only various nosological forms but also varying volume, location, affect different structures of the chest wall which are determined during physical exam. Despite the progress in drug therapy, radical surgical intervention is a prerequisite for successful treatment of patients with malignant tumors of the chest wall. One of the most important prognostic factors is sufficient margin during chest wall resection. The international tumor classification system Tumor, Nodus and Metastasis (TNM) does not give a complete understanding of the volume of lesions and therefore does not allow to correctly plan resection volume and defect reconstruction based on its data.The article presents a classification of tumor volume of the chest wall proposed by the Sarcoma Research Association which allows to expand indications for surgical treatment and select the optimal type of defect reconstruction.

Zertifizierungsrichtlinien der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Schlafmedizin und Schlafforschung (ÖGSM) für schlafmedizinische Einrichtungen in Österreich

ZusammenfassungDie Zertifizierung von Schlaflaboren ist eine notwendige Voraussetzung zur Qualitätssicherung für den Betrieb eines Schlaflabors und wird von der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Schlafmedizin und Schlafforschung (ÖGSM), einer interdisziplinären wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, seit 1998 angeboten und durchgeführt. Bislang handelt es sich um eine freiwillige Maßnahme. Da diese Beurteilung immer nur eine Momentaufnahme darstellen kann, ist eine regelmäßige Reevaluierung notwendig. Nach der Erstzertifizierung, die eine Inspektion beinhaltet, ist eine Rezertifizierung im Abstand von 5 Jahren und eine jährliche Aktualisierung über etwaige Veränderungen erforderlich. Das von uns entwickelte Stufenschema erlaubt die Einstufung von 0 (Antrag auf Zertifizierung), über 1A−C (Erfüllung der Qualitätsanforderungen) bis hin zu Stufe 2 (Nichterfüllung der Anforderungen am Ende der Inspektion). Der Antrag auf Rezertifizierung unterstreicht auch das Interesse des Schlaflabors an einer kontinuierlichen Qualitätssicherung.

Association of Medical School Gap Year Research and Degree Programs With Otolaryngology Interview and Match Outcomes.

To investigate whether a gap year for either research or a master's degree is associated with interview offers or match outcomes among otolaryngology applicants. Using the Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency (Texas STAR) database, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of otolaryngology applicants from 2018 to 2022. Applicants were stratified based on the presence and type of gap year during medical school. Applicant characteristics, signaling, research productivity, and application costs were analyzed, with primary outcomes including number of interview offers and match status. Among 564 otolaryngology applicant respondents to the Texas STAR survey, 160 (28%) reported a gap year, including 64 (40%) applicants participating in a research year, 65 (41%) completing a Master of Public Health or Science (MPH and MSc), and 31 (19%) completing a Master of Business Administration, Education, or other degree (MBA and MEd). Gap-year applicants who completed a research year or MPH/MSc degree received more interview offers (P < .01) than MBA, MEd applicants, or those without a gap year. Applicants with a research year had the most publications, oral presentations, abstracts, posters, and research experiences (all P < .01). When controlling for USMLE scores, clerkship honors, and applications submitted, applicants completing a research year or an MPH/MSc-degree received increased interview offers (P < .01). No significant differences were seen in expenditures or match rates. Research and MPH/MSc gap years were associated with increased residency interview offers but not increased match success. Further longitudinal studies are needed to assess how yearlong experiences affect long-term career outcomes.

Sexuelle Gewalt – ein Gegenstand der Erziehungswissenschaft? Bericht zur Herbsttagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft (DGfE) „Aufarbeitung des Umgangs mit sexualisierter Gewalt in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft. Konsequenzen, Desiderata und Ausblicke“ am 10. und 11. November 2023 in Erkner bei Berlin

The conference report deals with the GERA autumn conference “Dealing with Sexualized Violence in the German Educational Research Association. Consequences, Desiderata and Prospects”, which took place on November 10-11, 2023, in Erkner near Berlin. The summary of the conference debate shows that the topic of reappraisal must be continued in the future in the educational research association and discipline. It also became clear that sexual violence must be elevated to a relevant research topic in educational science.

Zwischen Aufklärung und Aufarbeitung. Ein Kommentar zur wissenschaftlichen und institutionellen Verantwortung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft (DGfE) bezüglich sexueller Gewalt in pädagogischen Kontexten

On the one hand, the German Educational Research Association (GERA) is a scientific association for the promotion of educational science and therefore, it is not a place of pedagogical practice in the narrower sense. On the other hand, generational relationships between adults and a social structure nevertheless exist within its framework. In addition, its members are professionally active in pedagogically relevant functions, at least through university teaching, and partly also in non-university educational institutions. Against this background, the commentary takes up the GERA-Autumn-conference from November 2023, “Dealing with sexual and sexualized violence in the German Educational Research Association. Consequences, desiderata and prospects”, as an opportunity to reflect on four points: 1) the relationship between reappraisal and educational science in the GERA; 2) the connection between generation and gender as a neuralgic point for the scientific association and educational science; 3) sex education as a (non-)response to sexual violence; and 4) the impossibility to complete reappraisal and educational science.

Vom beredten Schweigen der Disziplin Erziehungswissenschaft im Umgang mit sexualisierter Gewalt in Geschichte und Gegenwart

The article asks how sexualized violence is dealt with in the German Educational Research Association (GERA/DGfE) and the discipline of Educational Science and characterizes this as eloquent silence. The focus is on three aspects in particular: Firstly, the article fundamentally reflects on the problem of silence and presents theoretical considerations on it. Secondly, it identifies structural patterns in how the German Educational Research Association (GERA/DGfE) deals with sexualized violence and, thirdly, asks for criteria for answering the question of whether the topic of sexualized violence has structurally arrived in the discipline and makes suggestions in this regard. The question of structures for dealing with sexualized violence is thus developed in two ways, both retrospectively and prospectively.

Kommentar zur Herbsttagung 2023 „Aufarbeitung sexualisierter Gewalt in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft. Konsequenzen, Desiderata und Ausblick“

Following in the footsteps of numerous other social organizations and associations, the German Educational Research Association (GERA) has also begun to address the problem of sexualized violence. The article emphasizes the need to continue this process. The various levels on which the Society for Educational Science has different kinds of responsibility are differentiated and the intensification of future activities in all parts of the educational field is demanded.

Aufarbeitung muss konkret werden Anmerkungen aus der Beobachtendenperspektive zur Herbsttagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft (DGfE)

Matthias Katsch, a survivor of sexual violence, and Ulrike Barth, former head of the Eckiger Tisch e. V. initiative for victims, served as invited observers at the autumn conference of the German Educational Research Association (GERA/DGfE), titled “Reappraising Approaches to Addressing Sexualized Violence within the German Association for Educational Science: Implications, Desiderata, and Prospects”. From their clearly defined position, they will provide commentary, critique, and guidance regarding the ongoing process of necessary societal reevaluation.

International communication: On the significance of borders in the digital borderless world

In this Dialogue, we reproduce the discussions held during a plenary session that took place during the International Association for Media and Communication Research (IAMCR) conference organized in Lyon in July 2023. Hosted by Tristan Mattelart, this session brought together four distinguished speakers who have all worked extensively, with different perspectives, on the processes of international communication: Yu Hong, Stefania Milan, Daya K Thussu, and Herman Wasserman. It addressed some of the most pressing issues in the field of international communication: the key role played by some global digital corporations in the building of the so-called digital “borderless” world, the latter’s growing multipolarity, the ambivalent nature of the transnational digital flows crossing it, and the continuing importance of borders and States.

Summary of the 4th IAHR Asian working group symposium on hydraulic machinery and systems

Abstract 1. Background The international Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), founded in 1935, one of the IAHR Committee is the Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, which deals with the advancement of technology associated with the understanding of steady and unsteady flow characteristics in hydraulic machinery and conduit systems connected to, and the main emphasis is to promote interaction between the machine designers, machine users, the academic communities, and the communities at large. To meet its objectives, the Committee focuses on the best possible exchange of technical knowledge by arranging a Committee Symposium every second year. The symposiums are designed to attract scientists and engineers from industries, universities, consultants and users of hydraulic machinery. In addition, the Committee established “Asian Working Group” specially to promote the exchange and cooperation of hydraulic machinery industry in Asian countries. In recent years, water conservancy and hydropower in Asia have been developing dramatically. Hydraulic machinery like pump, pump turbines etc., are widely used in project construction. There are plentiful scientific and technical payoffs achieved within the related researches. The "Asian Working Group" has held three symposiums on hydraulic machinery and systems, which are: IAHR 2017 Asia Beijing, IAHR 2019 Asia Busan, IAHR 2021 Asia Nepal. And all conference proceedings have been published in IOP. After the 4th IAHR Asian Working Group Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems (hereinafter referred to as IAHR 2023 Asia Kashgar) following its convention, the conference proceedings will be published in IOP. List of Scope, Record, Appendices A: Organization, Appendices B: Committee members, Appendices C: Excellent papers are available in this pdf.

Сутність поняття “туризм”, “турист” та “туристичний кластер”

The article is devoted to the study of the concept’s “tourist”, “tourism”, “tourist service”, “tourist product” and “tourist cluster”. The analysis of the legislation of Ukraine, which regulates tourist relations, was carried out, in particular, regarding the definition of the essence of the concepts “tourism”, “tourist”, “tourist product” and their comparison with the interpretation and understanding in economic thought and statistics. The main characteristics of a tourist have been clarified, namely: physical person; travel time – from 24 hours to 1 year; the purpose of the trip is not related to earning income. A distinction is made between tourist service and tourist product, the collision that arises with the interpretation of the concepts of “tourist product” and “tourist service” in various sciences is investigated. Approaches to understanding the concept of “tourism” as an economic phenomenon, a place of commercial enterprises and their classification into those that directly satisfy the needs of tourists and those that indirectly take part in satisfying these needs are defined. The expediency of determining the legal nature and subject composition of the tourist service, which affects the possible ways of protecting the violated rights of the tourist and the correct identification of the person who will be responsible for the improper provision of services, has been clarified: if it is a tourist service, the subject of responsibility will be the tour operator, if it is another service, the relevant entity providing this service (hotel, transport company, tour guide, etc.). The article examines the concept of “tourism” through the prism of clustering as the most comprehensive approach to understanding this term. It has been studied that the concept of “tourism” as a branch of the economy should be considered in the context of cluster associations of enterprises and other entities that provide services to tourists. The author’s interpretation of the concept of “tourist cluster” is proposed, namely: it is a territorial association of enterprises, research, production and financial companies and other business entities that have vertical and horizontal relationships with the aim of achieving economic and social effects and satisfaction needs of tourists.

Building capacity in institutional research: collaboration and complementarity?

AbstractInstitutional Research associations across the world are re-imagining and redesigning their professional development and capacity building activities. This paper outlines the professional development activities of the Association for Institutional Research (AIR) in the United States (est. 1966), the European Association for Institutional Research (EAIR) (est. 1978), the Southern African Association for Institutional Research (SAAIR) (est. 1994) and the United Kingdom and Ireland Higher Education Institutional Research Network (HEIR) (est. 2008) and argues that a more sophisticated approach to IR is needed, informed by systems thinking, aimed at proactive engagement with policy-makers and managers, organisational learning, direct links to institutional strategy (‘a seat at the table’), and the analysis and use of larger volumes of data.

Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.• Type of peer review: Double Anonymous• Conference submission management system: Morressier• Number of submissions received: 128• Number of submissions sent for review: 125• Number of submissions accepted: 75• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 58.6• Average number of reviews per paper: 2• Total number of reviewers involved: 35• Contact person for queries: Name: Fengxin Cen Email: alan.cen@gsrassn.org Affiliation: Global Scientific Research Association

First person – Alexandra Fletcher-Jones

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Alexandra Fletcher-Jones is first author on ‘ SGIP1 binding to the α-helical H9 domain of cannabinoid receptor 1 promotes axonal surface expression binding’, published in JCS. Alexandra is a Senior Research Associate in the lab of Jeremy Henley at the University of Bristol, UK, investigating subcellular trafficking of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R).