Assistance Of Microwave Irradiation Research Articles

Rapid microwave-assisted biosynthesis of platinum nanoparticles and evaluation of their antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 and A549 cell lines.

In this study, platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were synthesized by a green method using an aqueous extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis with assistance of microwave irradiation (850W) and their physicochemical characteristics were studied by UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. Antioxidant activities, hemocompatibility, and cytotoxic effects of the prepared Pt NPs were then evaluated. The attained results showed that the newly formed Pt NPs possess a size range between 7.4 and 11.2nm. These spherical-shaped NPs were slightly aggregated and held various functional groups on their surface. The antioxidant activity of Pt nanostructures was comparable to that of butylated hydroxyl anisole at concentrations higher than 320µg/mL. At the same concentration of 640μg/mL, the scavenging activities were 3.36 ± 0.9% (hexachloroplatinic acid) and 52.13 ± 0.43% (Pt NPs). The results of hemolytic assay revealed satisfactory hemocompatibility of the Pt NPs even at the concentration as high as 4mg/mL (hemolysis percent equal to 3.5 ± 1.3%). The cytotoxicity studies revealed that MCF-7, A549, and 3T3 cell lines treated with hexachloroplatinic acid and cisplatin for 24h and 48h showed a higher percentage of cell death compared with the Pt NPs. After 24h, for A549, 3T3, and MCF-7 cells exposed to Pt NPs, the cell viability was measured to be 80 ± 3.2%, 96 ± 1%, and 89 ± 2.6%, respectively, at concentration of 640µg/mL. Further investigations are required to elucidate the mechanisms behind the biological activities of as-synthesized Pt NPs.

Removal of heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution by CS/PVA/PVP composite hydrogel synthesized using microwaved-assisted irradiation

A simple protocol of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinylpyrrolidone (CS/PVA/PVP) hydrogel synthesis using microwave-assisted irradiation to initiate and accelerate network formation was explored. The optimum ratio of CS:PVA:PVP was 0.3:0.6:0.3 g with epichlorohydrin as a cross-linking agent under 600 watts of irradiation for 3 min. The gel swelling degree and gel fraction of the hydrogel were approximately 1627.4% and 42.6%, respectively. The individual metal ion removal efficiency was the highest for Pb(II), followed by Cu(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) as adsorbed by the CS/PVA/PVP hydrogel. Varying the pH of the solution containing metal ions in the range of 4.0 – 8.0 did not significantly affect the adsorption capacity. However, the order of adsorption capacity of mixed metal ions differed from that of individual ions. The maximum capacities of Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) ions were 80.02, 33.07, 15.13, and 8.36 mg g−1, respectively. The desorption and reusability study of the CS/PVA/PVP hydrogel revealed that 0.1 M EDTA was a suitable candidate to regenerate the hydrogel as more than 60% of metal ion removal efficiency was still achieved after five adsorption cycles. In addition, the reaction mechanism of the hydrogel network formation derived from infrared spectrometry indicated that network formations were developed through the reaction between the crosslinking agent and hydroxyl and amino functional groups of the starting materials. Adsorption mechanism based on the results obtained from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was also presented. This study showed that the proposed composite hydrogel could be further developed and used as a platform to efficiently adsorb metal ions.

Efficient preparation of high-quality graphene via anodic and cathodic simultaneous electrochemical exfoliation under the assistance of microwave

Currently, the electrochemical exfoliation of graphene stands out as an efficient, scalable approach to access high-quality products, due to its simplicity, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Here we have proposed an electrochemical method for preparing graphene at both the anode and cathode simultaneously. Graphite was first subjected to ion intercalation sufficiently on the anode and cathode and then expanded ultrafast under the assistance of microwave irradiation. With plenty of ion intercalation and proper microwave irradiation, graphene would be successfully exfoliated. The as-prepared graphene flakes from anode and cathode behave few-layer feature (more than 80% ≤ 4 layers) and large sizes (about 94% are larger than 1 μm), possess low oxygen content and little defects (6.1% and 1.9% oxygen for anodic and cathodic graphene, respectively). In addition, the high yields in our method (the maximum yields for anode and cathode were 81% and 76%, respectively) and the recycling of electrolytes suggest that our method owns great potential for large-scale production and provide an important reference for the commercial preparation of green and low-cost graphene.

KOH Activation with Microwave Irradiation and its Effect on the Physical Properties of Orange Peel Activated Carbon

Chemical activation with assisted microwave irradiation was used to produced activated carbon from orange peel waste. The activating agent was potassium hydroxide (KOH) with concentrations of 2 M, 3 M, and 4 M. The microwave irradiation was done for 15 minutes with a 630 Watt output power. KOH concentration affected the physical properties of OP-ACxM. With increasing KOH concentration, the interlayer spacing (d002 and d100 ) grew, stack height (Lc ) increased, and stack width (La) dropped. The number of pores on the surface of OP-ACxM increased after the chemical activation process. In OP-ACxM, FTIR analysis reveals the presence of O-H, C-H, C-C, C=O, C=C, and C-O.

Preparation and application of modified organo-kaolinite by microwave-assisted irradiation

From the aspect of the modern approach, it is necessary to increase the intercalation efficiency for the objective of widespread market application of kaolinite. The submitted article deals with the microwave-assisted modification of kaolinite (Kaol). Using potassium acetate (KAc) solution and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), Kaol was treated chemically by a microwave radiation at different time intervals at a set constant temperature. Different techniques, such as X-ray diffraction patterns analysis (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/ differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize Kaol and modified kaolinite samples. The modification was observed after microwave radiation was applied for a short time (30 min). Finally, for the supplementation of the results, the model rubber compounds, filled with Kaol, modified Kaol-KAc and Kaol-DMSO samples in the amount of 10 phr (parts per hundred rubber), were prepared. The effect of modified kaolinite on the curing characteristics and mechanical properties in sulphur-cured natural rubber (NR) compounds was investigated. Partial substitution of carbon black with Kaol-DMSO led to the lower minimum torque and the acceleration of the crosslinking reaction. Moreover, the NR vulcanizates containing Kaol-DMSO showed higher tensile strength and hardness along with high maximum torque that are indicators of the reinforcing effect of the modified kaolinite.

Microwave accelerated the solvent-free synthesis of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarin via the tandem reaction of cinnamic acids with phenols catalyzed by Amberlyst 15 resin

Amberlyst 15 resin supported the tandem reaction of cinnamic acids with phenols under solvent-free reaction condition has been introduced to afford 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarin (neoflavanone) derivatives. The efficiency of solid acidic sulfonic resin (A-15) has been illustrated in two reaction activation methods such as microwave irradiation and conventional heating. The important roles of Amberlyst 15 have been emphasized strongly through the high yields of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarin in the shorter time under the assistance of microwave irradiation than of conventional heating, and its high recovery and reusability for six catalyst runs. The original catalyst as well as the recycled catalyst were characterized by XRD and FE-SEM to study the correlation of the surface of reused catalyst and its recyclability.

Insight into the recent advances of microwave pretreatment technologies for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into sustainable biofuel

The utilization of renewable lignocellulosic biomasses for bioenergy synthesis is believed to facilitate competitive commercialization and realize affordable clean energy sources in the future. Among the pathways for biomass pretreatment methods that enhance the efficiency of the whole biofuel production process, the combined microwave irradiation and physicochemical approach is found to provide many economic and environmental benefits. Several studies on microwave-based pretreatment technologies for biomass conversion have been conducted in recent years. Although some reviews are available, most did not comprehensively analyze microwave–physicochemical pretreatment techniques for biomass conversion. The study of these techniques is crucial for sustainable biofuel generation. Therefore, the biomass pretreatment process that combines the physicochemical method with microwave-assisted irradiation is reviewed in this paper. The effects of this pretreatment process on lignocellulosic structure and the ratio of achieved components were also discussed in detail. Pretreatment processes for biomass conversion were substantially affected by temperature, irradiation time, initial feedstock components, catalyst loading, and microwave power. Consequently, neoteric technologies utilizing high efficiency-based green and sustainable solutions should receive further focus. In addition, methodologies for quantifying and evaluating effects and relevant trade-offs should be develop to facilitate the take-off of the biofuel industry with clean and sustainable goals.

Recovery of Copper from Ammoniacal Leachates by Ion Flotation

Sulfidic copper–lead–zinc tailings can pose a significant environmental threat, ranging from generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) to dam failures. On the other hand, they can also be considered as low-grade ore resources for zinc and copper provided that novel economically feasible metal extraction and metal recovery techniques are developed. Due to the low metal concentrations in these resources, the leaching will generate dilute leachates from which metal recovery is a challenge. Ion flotation is a foam separation technique capable of recovering metal ions from dilute aqueous leachates. In this paper, ion flotation was applied to separate copper from ammoniacal leachates of microwave-roasted sulfidic tailings samples. The sulfidic tailings were first roasted at 550 °C for 60 min, for the oxidation of sulfide minerals to more easily soluble sulfates using microwave-assisted irradiation as heating source. The microwave-roasted material was then leached with a mixture of ammonia and ammonium carbonate solutions. The optimum leaching efficiencies of zinc (86%) and copper (75%) were obtained under the following conditions: liquid-to-solid ratio = 10 mL g−1, T = 90 °C, [NH3 + NH4+] = 4 mol L−1, NH3:NH4+ = 2:1, t = 5 h. From the generated pregnant leach solution, it was possible to selectively separate 85% of copper to the foam phase by ion flotation, with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant, as colloidal copper(II) tetraamine dodecyl sulfate under the optimized conditions: [SDS]total = 5.85 mmol L−1, [EtOH] = 0.5 % (v/v), ttotal = 5 h, flotation stages = 3. The zinc that remained in the solution after ion flotation was recovered by precipitation (95%) as basic zinc carbonate.Graphical AbstractCopper and zinc extraction by ammoniacal leaching from microwave-roasted Cu-Zn-Pb sulfidic tailings followed by recovery of copper and zinc by ion flotation and precipitation.

Promoting enzymatic hydrolysis of aggregated bamboo crystalline cellulose by fast microwave-assisted dicarboxylic acid deep eutectic solvents pretreatments

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have received considerable interests as pretreatment solvents for biorefinery. In the present work, five kinds of dicarboxylic acids based DESs were introduced to pretreatments on moso bamboo (MB) with microwave irradiation assistance. Factors influencing the enzymatic conversion of MB cellulose to glucose were determined. With the fast heating, pretreated samples all present significant delignification and hemicelluloses matrix removal, thus improving the enzymatic conversion yield from 15% of MB to ~60%. For the DESs, hydrogen donors with less carbon atoms (oxalic acid) and more hydroxyl groups (tartaric acid) displayed higher efficiency due to separation of aggregated cellulose microfibrils. The microwave assisted DESs (MW-DESs) pretreatments also contributed to cellulose crystal variations including decrystallization and more exposure of hydrophobic surfaces, which are beneficial for followed cellulase adsorption and hydrolysis. The exploration of fast MW-DESs pretreatments may expand the potentials of lignocellulose biomass on effective and applicable biorefinery.

A Comparative Study of Microwave-Assisted and Conventional Heating Methods of the Synthesis of 1-(Naphthalene-1-Yl)-3-(O, M, P-Tolyl)Thioureas, DFT Analysis, Antibacterial Evaluation and Drug-Likeness Assessment

New isomers of naphthalene-monothioureas, 3a-3c, were synthesized and characterized by using infrared (IR), 1H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopies (MS). The compounds were obtained from the reaction ofo-, m-, p- toluidine with naphthyl isothiocyanate using conventional reflux and microwave-assisted irradiation methods. Microwave-assisted reaction gave higher yields with reduces the reaction time compared to the conventional heating method. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with 6-31G(d, p) basic set at the B3LYP level is carried out to optimize the structure of isomers and calculate the IR, 1H and 13 C NMR spectra. The DFTB3LYP calculation of FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra of 3a-3c isomers were in accordance with the experimental data. The calculation of frontier molecular orbitals was also selected to study a relationship as a molecular descriptor in antibacterial activity. The isomers were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity by using Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Inhibition activity was displayed for compound 3c with the value of inhibition zone 7 ± 0.34 mm at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. All compounds appeared to be in agreement with Lipinski’s rule of five assessments as they adhered to most of the rules that can be preliminarily classified as active drug-like.

Carbon dots prepared from citric acid and urea by microwave-assisted irradiation as a turn-on fluorescent probe for allantoin determination

Carbon dots from citric acid and urea as a fluorescent probe for sensitive and selective detection of allantoin.

Preparation of Silver-Chitosan Nanocomposites Colloidal and Film as Antibacteri Material

<p>Colloidal nanocomposites silver-chitosan have been made. Silver nanoparticles were produced by chemical reduction methods assisted microwave irradiation using chitosan from crab shells as a reducing agent and stabilizer, AgNO<sub>3 </sub>as a precursor and NaOH as an accelerator. This study investigated AgNO<sub>3</sub> concentration toward localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon of nanocomposites colloidal. The size and shape of the silver nanoparticles were confirmed by TEM. Furthermore, the stability of the storage was observed for twelve weeks. Colloidal and film nanocomposites silver- chitosan have been made by casting method by drying at room temperature. After that, the film characterization was carried out, including swelling with gravimetry methods and surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Diffusion methods tested colloid antibacterial activity and silver-chitosan nanocomposite film’s against <em>E. Coli</em> and <em>S. Aureus</em>. The results showed that the formation of silver nanoparticles was identified by the LSPR absorption band's appearance at 413-419 nm. The increasing of AgNO<sub>3</sub> concentration increased the intensity of the LSPR absorption band. Silver nanoparticles with sizes of about 3-9 nm are spherical. The silver nanoparticles were stable at 12 weeks of storage. The higher AgNO<sub>3</sub> concentration tends to increase the swelling of the film. The surface of the silver-chitosan nanocomposite film’s was rougher than that of the chitosan film. The higher the silver nanoparticle concentration, the higher the colloid and film antibacterial activity against <em>E. Coli</em> and <em>S. Aureus.</em></p>

A Facile Synthesis of Self-Catalytic Hydrogel Films and Their Application as a Wound Dressing Material Coupled with Natural Active Compounds.

A simple and economical method for polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinylpyrrolidone/citric acid (PVA/PVP/CA) hydrogel preparation using microwave-assisted irradiation was presented. The synthesized hydrogels embedded with berberine or chlorogenic acid were investigated as a wound dressing agent. This study showed that the optimum condition for the hydrogel synthesis based on gel fraction and a degree of swelling values was 6:6:3% (w/v) of PVA/PVP/CA under 600 W at 120 °C for 3 min of microwave irradiation. Herbal active compounds, berberine and chlorogenic acid, were loaded onto the hydrogel (4% (w/v)), and both were able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory study revealed that 700 μg/mL berberine and 2500 μg/mL chlorogenic acid could inhibit protein degradation equivalent to a 200 μg/mL aspirin solution. The drug release study demonstrated that both compounds showed a more sustained release into PBS than water. The mechanism for the three-dimensional network formation based on esterification and the hydrogen-bonding interaction was also proposed. The ionic liquid-like structure of PVP-CA possibly played an important role in the cross-linking process. In addition, sodium bicarbonate applied to the synthesized hydrogel also had a significant effect in enhancing gel formation. The proposed approach showed a potential of the loaded hydrogels to protect wounds from infection and enhance the healing process.

Green and eco-friendly chemical exfoliation of two-dimensional nanosheets in the C2H4O3-based system under the assistance of microwave irradiation

Eco-friendly exfoliation of two-dimensional nanosheets from their layered bulks is very attracting but still remains a big challenge. Here, we report a novel preparation route of two-dimensional nanosheets through soaking the bulk layered material in the C2H4O3-based chemical exfoliation system followed by microwave irradiation. This route has demonstrated the effective exfoliation of two-dimensional nanosheets (graphene nanosheets, BNNS and MoS2NS) from their layered bulks in a green and eco-friendly way. The average layer-number of the obtained graphene nanosheets, BNNS and MoS2NS is 4, 6 and 5, respectively, behaving a few-layer feature. Interestingly, when the graphene paper is prepared from the exfoliated graphene nanosheets by simple vacuum filtration and mechanical pressing, its average electrical conductivity is up to 7.36 × 105 S/m and the EMI SE value reaches to 61 dB, both among the highest for the graphene papers reported previously. Since there exists no serious fragmentation of layered materials during the whole exfoliation, the present exfoliation strategy is more competent in preparing the large-sized two-dimensional nanosheets over those conventional green routes.

Synthesis of gold-silver nanoalloys under microwave-assisted irradiation by deposition of silver on gold nanoclusters/triple helix glucan and antifungal activity

Polysaccharides are ideal green synthetic raw materials to improve the biocompatibility of metal nanoparticles. However, polysaccharides generally have weak reducibilities, being challenging supports for the direct preparation of Ag nanoparticles. In this work, gold nanoclusters were prepared using a triple helix glucan (Lentinan) via microwave-assisted synthesis and subsequently employed as seeds for the synthesis of a series of Ag-Au alloy nanoparticles (Ag-AuNPs). The results showed that gold nanoclusters can remarkably speed up the preparation of Ag-AuNPs without the addition of any other chemicals. The particle size of Ag-AuNPs increased at increasing Ag contents in the alloy. Results of UV–vis, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) suggested that Ag+ was quickly reduced to irregular silver nanoparticles (with gold nanoparticles as seeds), then gradually form more regular nano-alloys. Additionally, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and zeta potential results suggested that Ag-AuNPs could entrap the hydrophobic cavity of triple helix polysaccharides during the renaturation process. The nanocomposites exhibited good antifungal activity and low cytotoxicity to RAW264.7, Hela and LO2 cell lines in vitro.

Microwave-assisted Petroporphyrin Release from Asphaltene Aggregates in Polar Solvents

This work presents an efficient approach for the primary separation of the petroporphyrin component from asphaltene aggregates. The n-pentane asphaltenes separated from the vacuum residue of Canadian oil sands bitumen were used as the feedstock. The release behavior of petroporphyrins from feed asphaltenes in polar solvents with the assistance of microwave irradiation was investigated. UV–vis spectroscopy was utilized to calculate the petroporphyrin release efficiency (PRE). The effects of asphaltene concentrations and solvent properties on the PRE were discussed. Results show that, under the microwave irradiation, asphaltenes could be rapidly separated into soluble and insoluble fractions. The solubles are enriched with vanadyl porphyrins, while the insolubles present only weak absorption of nickel porphyrins at proper asphaltene concentrations. The dispersion force (fd) of solvents has a strong correlation with the PRE. Under the optimized conditions of the methanol/toluene volume ratio of 2:1, the microwave time of 10 min, and the asphaltene concentration of 0.08 g/L, the PRE can reach up to 45%. Compared with the traditional solvent extraction method, the PRE of this new method is improved prominently. The possible mechanism of selective activation of petroporphyrin motivated by the microwave irradiation and the formation of asphaltene vesicles is proposed. This work could provide a more efficient technique to purify petroporphyrins from asphaltenes and could give insight into the interactions between petroporphyrins and asphaltene aggregates.

Invitro evaluations of free radical assisted microwave irradiated polyacrylamide grafted cashew gum (CG) biocompatible graft copolymer (CG-g-PAM) as effective polymeric scaffold

The study is mainly focused on the synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted cashew gum (CG-g-PAM) biocompatible graft copolymer as polymeric scaffold for tissue growth by free radical assisted microwave irradiation method using varying quantities of redox initiator ammonium persulfate (APS) for synthesis of CG-g-PAM graft copolymer and final copolymer was precipitated in presence of excess of acetone to remove the homopolymer and other unreacted monomer and byproducts. Percentage grafting efficiency (%GE) was selected as the optimization parameter for best grade. Various analytical techniques like fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies were utilized for analyzing optimized grade GFS-3 The inserted grade GFS-3 in mice model showed satisfactory tissue growth over it ensuring biocompatibility along with evidences of nontoxicity on local tissue as well as on major organs like liver and kidney upon oral administration respectively. Moreover, GFS-3 was found to be hemocompatible in presence of mice blood.

Physicochemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of Inulin Acetate Obtained by Microwave-Assisted Synthesis

Microwave-assisted irradiation was performed for esterification of chicory inulin with high degree of polymerization with acetic anhydride without a solvent only with a catalyst. The resulting esters were characterized by mel... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Tech Science Press

Microwave Synthesis, Spectral, Thermal, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Some Metal Complexes Containing Benzene Sulfonyl Thiourea Moiety

Synthesis and characterization of organic ligand N-(2-chloro phenyl)-N’ benzenesulfonyl thiourea (H2L1) was described. The formed ligand incorporated several potential donor sites, making it a versatile complexing agent with metal ions due to the presence of the sulfonyl and thiourea groups, each solely may act as a key constituent of many biologically active species. In this work, we present the synthesis of Pt (II), Pd (II) and Au (III) metal complexes and their coordination behavior towards the unsymmetrical organic ligand (H2L1) using microwave-assisted irradiation. The microwave approach provides clean, shorter reaction times and enhancements in yields. The prepared metal complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1HNMR, UV-Vis, thermal analysis and magnetic susceptibility. They were tested for their antibacterial activity against Gram positive, Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. Also anti-cancer assay was applied against two cell lines; breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and liver cancer cells (HepG-2). The IR spectral data indicate that the ligand H2L1 coordinates to metal ions through sulfonyl and thionyl groups in a tetradentate square planer manner for PdII and PtII ions while in case of AuIII it takes an octahedral shape. Based on spectrophotometric investigations, it is suggested that Pd(II), Pt(II) and Au (III) form 1:1 complexes. The molecular compositions of the complexes were proposed on the basis of chemical analyses and spectrophotometric evidences.

Biocompatible chitosan-carbon nanocage hybrids for sustained drug release and highly efficient laser and microwave co-irradiation induced cancer therapy

Graphitic carbon nanocages (GCNCs) are unique graphene-based nanomaterials that can be used for cancer photothermal therapy (PTT). However, low toxicity GCNC-based organic/inorganic hybrid biomaterials for microwave irradiation assisted PTT have not yet been reported. In the present study, chitosan (CS)-coated GCNCs (CS-GCNCs) loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5Fu) were used for cancer therapy when activated by 808-nm laser and microwave co-irradiation. The cytotoxicity of GCNCs was significantly reduced after coating with CS. For example, fewer cell-cycle defects were caused by CS-GCNCs in comparison with non-coated GCNCs. The release rate of 5Fu from CS-GCNCs was significantly slower than that of 5Fu from GCNCs, providing sustained release. The release rate could be accelerated by 808-nm laser and microwave co-irradiation. The 5Fu in CS-GCNCs retained high cancer cell killing bioactivity by enhancing the caspase-3 expression level. The cancer cell killing and tumor inhibition efficiencies of the 5Fu-loaded nanomaterials increased significantly under 808-nm laser and microwave co-irradiation. The strong cell killing and tumor ablation activities were due to the synergy of the enhanced GCNC thermal effect caused by laser and microwave co-irradiation and the chemotherapy of 5Fu. Our research opens a door for the development of drug-loaded GCNC-based nano-biomaterials for chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy with the assistance of microwave irradiation. Statement of SignificanceGraphitic carbon nanocages (GCNCs) are graphene-based nanomaterials that can be used for both drug loading and cancer photothermal therapy (PTT). Herein, we showed that chitosan (CS)-GCNCs hybrid biomaterials had very low cytotoxicity, high ability for loading drug, and exhibited sustained drug release. In particular, although low-power microwaves alone are unable to trigger cancer cell damage by GCNCs, the cell killing and mouse tumor inhibition efficiencies were significantly improved by near-infrared (NIR) laser and microwave co-irradiation compared with laser-triggered PTT alone. This combined use of laser and microwave co-irradiation promises essential therapeutic modality and opens a new avenue for PTT.