Occupational Therapy Assistant Research Articles

Optimizing shoulder elevation assist rate in exoskeletal rehabilitation based on muscular activity indices: a clinical feasibility study

BackgroundRestoring shoulder function is critical for upper-extremity rehabilitation following a stroke. The complex musculoskeletal anatomy of the shoulder presents a challenge for safely assisting elevation movements through robotic interventions. The level of shoulder elevation assistance in rehabilitation is often based on clinical judgment. There is no standardized method for deriving an optimal level of assistance, underscoring the importance of addressing abnormal movements during shoulder elevation, such as abnormal synergies and compensatory actions. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of a newly developed shoulder elevation exoskeleton robot by applying a novel optimization technique derived from the muscle synergy index.MethodsTwelve chronic stroke participants underwent an intervention consisting of 100 robot-assisted shoulder elevation exercises (10 × 10 times, approximately 40 min) for 10 days (4–5 times/week). The optimal robot assist rate was derived by detecting the change points using the co-contraction index, calculated from electromyogram (EMG) data obtained from the anterior deltoid and biceps brachii muscles during shoulder elevation at the initial evaluation. The primary outcomes were the Fugl–Meyer assessment-upper extremity (FMA-UE) shoulder/elbow/forearm score, kinematic outcomes (maximum angle of voluntary shoulder flexion and elbow flexion ratio during shoulder elevation), and shoulder pain outcomes (pain-free passive shoulder flexion range of motion [ROM] and visual analogue scale for pain severity during shoulder flexion). The effectiveness and safety of robotic therapy were examined using the Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test.ResultsAll 12 patients completed the procedure without any adverse events. Two participants were excluded from the analysis because the EMG of the biceps brachii was not obtained. Ten participants (five men and five women; mean age: 57.0 [5.5] years; mean FMA-UE total score: 18.7 [10.5] points) showed significant improvement in the FMA-UE shoulder/elbow/forearm score, kinematic outcomes, and pain-free passive shoulder flexion ROM (P < 0.05). The shoulder pain outcomes remained unchanged or improved in all patients.ConclusionsThe study presents a method for deriving the optimal robotic assist rate. Rehabilitation using a shoulder robot based on this derived optimal assist rate showed the possibility of safely improving the upper-extremity function in patients with severe stroke in the chronic phase.

Recovery of turning speed in patients after vestibular schwannoma resection.

Individuals after a vestibular schwannoma resection (VSR) experience significant vestibular symptoms that can be provoked with turning. Vestibular rehabilitation assists in recovery of function and symptom relief, however turning response is unknown. Examine peak turning speed response to surgery and rehabilitation. Eight participants with a vestibular schwannoma (PwVS) and five healthy controls (HC) participated in this study. Peak turning speed (PTS) was captured with inertial measurement units (IMU) at the head and/or trunk during turning tasks at a pre-operative, post-operative and post-treatment assessment. Vestibular rehabilitation was provided twice weekly for six weeks. Linear mixed models were used to assess change in PTS across time points. PwVS performed slower PTS than HC prior to surgery. PTS was significantly slower post-operatively compared to pre-operative during walking with head turns (B = -61.03, p = 0.004), two-minute walk test (B = -37.33, p = 0.015), 360° turn (B range from 50.05 to -57.4, p < 0.05) and complex turning course (CTC) at the trunk (B = -18.63, p = 0.009). Post-treatment PTS was significantly faster than pre-operative during CTC at the head (B = 18.46, p = 0.014) and trunk (B = 15.99, p = 0.023). PwVS may have turning deficits prior to surgical resection. PTS was significantly affected post-operatively, however improved with rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation Assessment System for Stroke Patients Based on Fusion-Type Optoelectronic Plethysmography Device and Multi-Modality Fusion Model: Design and Validation.

This study aimed to propose a portable and intelligent rehabilitation evaluation system for digital stroke-patient rehabilitation assessment. Specifically, the study designed and developed a fusion device capable of emitting red, green, and infrared lights simultaneously for photoplethysmography (PPG) acquisition. Leveraging the different penetration depths and tissue reflection characteristics of these light wavelengths, the device can provide richer and more comprehensive physiological information. Furthermore, a Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short-Term Memory-Attention (MCNN-LSTM-Attention) evaluation model was developed. This model, constructed based on multiple convolutional channels, facilitates the feature extraction and fusion of collected multi-modality data. Additionally, it incorporated an attention mechanism module capable of dynamically adjusting the importance weights of input information, thereby enhancing the accuracy of rehabilitation assessment. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed system, sixteen volunteers were recruited for clinical data collection and validation, comprising eight stroke patients and eight healthy subjects. Experimental results demonstrated the system's promising performance metrics (accuracy: 0.9125, precision: 0.8980, recall: 0.8970, F1 score: 0.8949, and loss function: 0.1261). This rehabilitation evaluation system holds the potential for stroke diagnosis and identification, laying a solid foundation for wearable-based stroke risk assessment and stroke rehabilitation assistance.

Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of Speech, Mastication &amp; Functional Occlusion in Maxillary Insufficiency &amp; Mandibular Discontinuity Defects: A Review

Prosthodontic rehabilitation of patients undergoing ablative cancer procedures involves significant challenges and technicalities in the construction of a prosthesis like repeated prosthetic adjustments or remakes, and ultimately improving quality of life. Mandibular resection causes the mandible to deviate towards the defect, which causes loss of occlusion on the non-resected side, altered mandibular movements, cosmetic deformity, difficulty in swallowing, and impaired speech and articulation. Restoring speech, deglutition, mastication, and respiration in individuals who have undergone maxillary resection involving the maxillae, hard and soft palates, and paranasal sinuses is extremely difficult. It may not be feasible to surgically reconstruct in each case. In conjunction with physical therapy, prosthetic rehabilitation assists such patients in regaining form and function and improving their quality of life. It can be achieved by using obturators and mandibular guidance prosthesis, which could efficiently retrain the maxilla and mandible following surgical procedures to achieve a functional occlusal relation, enabling early progression leading to a permanent restoration that functions almost perfectly. This review's objective is to highlight the various rehabilitative prosthesis that can be used to correct maxillary insufficiency and mandibular discontinuity defects following tumour resections using the available information.

Dynamics of the Efficiency of Providing Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Assistance to Victims with Spine Injuries

The degree of damage to spine is now a threat to health and optimal functioning of the human body in the post-traumatic period. Taking into account the peculiarities of the mechanism of psychogenic disorders in the conditions of the full-scale Russian invasion contributes to the specialist’s readiness for stress and conflict situations during the rehabilitation period of work with the victims. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the dynamics of the effectiveness of providing multidisciplinary rehabilitation care to victims with spinal cord injuries. Psychocorrection should contain a list of training exercises aimed at the development of self-awareness, improvement of psychological culture, improvement of reflective personality characteristics, self-actualization and will involve mastering the skills of voluntary psychophysical self-regulation of the state. Research methods. Among psychodiagnostic methods, the following were used: the questionnaire «Change in the quality of life due to the disease», the method of determining the intensity of the pain syndrome according to the visual analog pain scale (VAS) and the Minnesota Multi-Profile Personality Questionnaire (MMRI-2) to assess the psychological status of the individual. The characteristics of motor activity were determined according to the dynamics of Hauser’s gait index, which determines the mobility of the victim and his ability to move freely and the need for auxiliary means of support. Research results. In subjects with spinal cord injury during hospitalization and psychocorrection changes in the gait state according to the Hauser index (muscle strength) were improved from 3.18±0.13 points on average for the group to 4.9±0.63 after the injury. This indicates that after 10-12 months’ treatment all subjects moved without the help of other attendants, some of whom were completely independent, within and outside the home to overcome thresholds and low curbs. Motor activity and gait were improved; there was a noticeable decrease in the intensity of pain, anxiety and depression.

Quality of life and mental health of patients with coronary heart disease

According to WHO, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. The most common form of heart disease is coronary heart disease (CHD). IHD is the most acute medical problem in most countries of the world, including Russia, due to high morbidity, mortality, persistent and temporary disability among the most productive part of the population, which causes significant economic damage to modern society [1, 2, 3]. Target. To study factors influencing the quality of life and mental health of patients with coronary artery disease. Results. The prevalence of risk factors among patients with coronary artery disease is analyzed, the impact of the disease on the physical and emotional state of patients is considered, and the influence of rehabilitation measures that help improve the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease is shown.Conclusion. To improve the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease, it is necessary to develop new forms of rehabilitation assistance and methods of financial support, and create rehabilitation centers at the place of residence and work.

Development of an Elderly Care Rehabilitation System Utilizing Machine Learning for Energy Monitoring and Transmission using Wireless Sensor Networks

The combination of robotic exoskeleton systems and machine learning (ML) techniques present great potential for significantly improving rehabilitation outcomes in patients with mobility impairments. This particular study examines whether ML algorithms can predict torque and angular inputs required for joint rotation using electromyography (EMG) data obtained during patient lower-limb rehabilitation. A new exoskeleton was designed for personalized and adaptable assistance in rehabilitation of walking. The predictive power of four different ML models, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees (DT), and Support Vector Machines (SVM), is evaluated. Of these, the ANN model is the most effective with an accuracy rate of 98.87%, followed by KNN (94.55%), DT (91.2%) and SVM (89.45%). Subsequent patient tests confirm significant improvements in flexion and extension angles of the knee, suggesting improved mobility and restored natural gait mechanics. These results stress the potential uses of ML-enhanced exoskeleton systems in personalised rehabilitation therapy. Proposals for further work include improving model performance, tackling challenges for real-time processing, and evaluating ML performance over the long term as it affects the quality of life in individuals with mobility impairments or changes in their condition over time. This investigation into rehabilitation aims at applying technology-driven solutions to help people regain their freedom and ability to move in a way that pleases them.

FEATURES OF CHILDREN'S PHYSICAL THERAPY WITH LEGG-CALVE-PERTES DISEASE

Introduction. The article analyzes modern domestic and foreign publications related to the study of the effectiveness of physical therapy (PT) in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (or juvenile osteochondrosis of the femoral head). Since today there is no certainty about the superiority of different FT agents in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease of LKP), there is no unanimous opinion regarding the choice of the optimal time for the use of FT agents during the development of the disease, therefore, a review of rehabilitation programs with the features of the use of FT is relevant children with juvenile osteochondrosis of the femoral head.&#x0D; The aim of the study - study of physical therapy features in children with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease with analysis of existing physical rehabilitation programs.&#x0D; Conclusions. Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is characterized by unilateral or bilateral necrosis of the femoral head, which affects the range of motion of the hip. Despite the low incidence, LCP is a serious global health problem, as it affects a significant proportion of children under 15 years of age and is characterized by lameness, pain, and limitation of hip mobility.&#x0D; The causes of LKP disease are unknown. This disease is believed to be multifactorial, caused by a combination of environmental, metabolic, and genetic factors.&#x0D; The pathogenesis of LKP disease is complex, therefore, taking into account the multifactorial etiology, treatment and recovery, the prognosis of the disease is determined according to the characteristics of each patient, such as age, sex, type and size of the affected part of the femur.&#x0D; The analysis of the scientific and methodical literature indicated the need to observe the staged application of FT in the rehabilitation of this disease. The result of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with LKP depends to a large extent on the child's age, weight, gender, size of the femoral head necrososis, and the timeliness of medical and rehabilitation assistance. At the same time, the effectiveness and the choice of the optimal time for the use of FT agents in the course of the development of the disease of LCP have not been fully clarified.

Analysis of House Conditions and Optimization of Aid Funds Based on Criteria for Unlivable Houses in Lubuklinggau Timur II District, Lubuklinggau City

This research addresses the problem of public knowledge of uninhabitable houses and the difficulty in identifying houses that do not meet community housing standards, to provide criteria for uninhabitable houses as well as optimize the rehabilitation assistance budget carried out by the Government. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method by collecting data through questionnaires, field observations, and documentation on 69 sample houses. The results of the analysis categorize the level of damage to the house into three categories, namely heavy, moderate, and light damage. From the research results of 69 sample houses, it was found that only 59 houses met the requirements for the uninhabitable house rehabilitation assistance program. In optimizing the allocation of aid funds, the level of damage to the house must be taken into account. With a more objective approach, rehabilitation housing programs can be more effective and provide greater benefits to people in need.

The lived experiences of play and the perspectives of disabled children and their parents surrounding brain-computer interfaces

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) offer promise to the play of children with significant physical impairments, as BCI technology can enable disabled children to control computer devices, toys, and robots using only their brain signals. However, there is little research on the unique needs of disabled children when it comes to BCI-enabled play. Thus, this paper explored the lived experiences of play for children with significant physical impairments and examined how BCI could potentially be implemented into disabled children’s play experiences by applying a social model of childhood disability. Descriptive qualitative methodology was employed by conducting four semi-structured interviews with two children with significant physical impairments and their parents. We found that disabled children’s play can be interpreted as passive or active depending on one’s definition and perceptions surrounding play. Moreover, disabled children continue to face physical, economic, and technological barriers in their play, as well as play restrictions from physical impairments. We urge that future research should strive to directly hear from disabled children themselves, as their perspectives may differ from their parents’ views. Also, future BCI development should strive to incorporate video games, recreational and entertainment applications/platforms, toys and switch-adapted toys, and power wheelchairs to better support the play of children with significant physical impairments. Implications for Rehabilitation Assistive technology research should strive to examine the social, infrastructural, and environmental barriers that continue to disable and restrict participation for disabled children and their families through applying a social model of childhood disability and other holistic frameworks that look beyond individual factors Future research that examines the needs and lives of disabled children should strive to directly seek the opinions and perspectives of disabled children themselves Brain-computer interface development should strive to incorporate video games, recreational and entertainment applications/platforms, toys and switch-adapted toys, and power wheelchairs to better support the play of children with significant physical impairments

Peculiarities of physical rehabilitation of military personnel with lower limb amputation

Statistics on the number of amputations of lower limbs performed by military personnel, materials of scientific and methodological literature and analytical reviews regarding pre-prosthetic rehabilitation, its availability and quality were studied. Special attention was paid to the influence of properly conducted pre-prosthetic rehabilitation in the term defined by the protocol on the further course of the physical rehabilitation process - the duration of the formation of the stump, its morphofunctional state. The psycho-emotional state of servicemen with an amputated limb was studied. When conducting the research, we used the analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature on various aspects of physical rehabilitation of people with amputation of the lower limb. It is shown that the correct use of a tourniquet to stop bleeding is a mandatory and important guarantee of the minimum possible amputation and the optimal course of the rehabilitation process. Blood loss, and especially mechanical injuries from long-term use of a tightly tightened tourniquet without its revision, lead to the death of victims in 80-90% of cases. The pathogenetic effect of the tourniquet on the body in conditions of combined trauma has not been sufficiently studied. It is shown that the lack of psychological help often leads to the development of post-traumatic syndrome, which is characterized by a depressive state, uncontrolled use of alcoholic beverages, drugs and suicide attempts. According to the results of our research, it is shown that it is necessary to increase the number of persons trained to provide first aid to the wounded (fighter paramedic) on the front line. The need for pre-prosthetic rehabilitation and psychological assistance is shown.

Rehabilitation of the disabled with osteoarthritis in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation center

BACKGROUND: Current demographic trends indicate an increase in the proportion of elderly and senile people in the general population structure. Osteoarthritis is one of the most important causes of pain and limited mobility in old age. The most effective methods of treating osteoarthritis are physical therapy and teaching.&#x0D; AIM: To analyze the possibilities of inpatient rehabilitation departments of a multidisciplinary institution of social protection of the population in the rehabilitation of people with osteoarthritis.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is continuous, single-stage, single-center, retrospective. 6578 persons with disabilities who received inpatient rehabilitation from 2021 to 2023 were examined. Demographic indicators and nosological structure have been studied. A group of disabled people with osteoarthritis has been identified and studied in depth. The composition and scope of measures for the medical rehabilitation of people with ostearthritis have been studied.&#x0D; RESULTS: It was found that people with disabilities with osteoarthritis constitute the largest group among all people who received inpatient rehabilitation (37.9%). The vast majority of people with osteoarthritis with disabilities were female (88.8%). The basis of the inpatient rehabilitation program for patients with osteoarthritis was based on methods with proven effectiveness.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: Rehabilitation social protection institutions make a significant contribution to meeting the needs of people with disabilities, as one of the most socially vulnerable categories of the population, in rehabilitation assistance.

A soft wearable exoglove for rehabilitation assistance: a novel application of knitted shape-memory alloy as a flexible actuator

We developed the knitted shape-memory alloy (SMA) as a flexible actuator and applied it to a soft wearable exoglove for rehabilitation assistance. Based on user needs and anthropometric data, we custom-designed the exoglove for three hemiplegic patients using the knitted-SMA actuator and evaluated its bending performance, gripping force and wearability under the four simulation conditions (S1–S4). To address the specific needs, both SMA plain- and double-knit modules were applied to the exoglove based on the patients’ finger joint range of motion (ROMs). The joint ROMs of all fingers increased by 13.71% and the skin temperature increased by 2.21 °C after actuating the glove (p = 0.006). The gripping force increased as much as 55.01%, when compared to the baseline. All patients were able to don and doff the developed glove independently, and positively evaluated their subjective satisfaction and thermal perception. The findings suggested the potential of the knitted SMA for the future development of soft wearable robots.

DYNAMICS OF DISABILITY AMONG THE CHILD POPULATION DUE TO THE NERVOUS DISORDERS IN UKRAINE

In the study, data from the state statistical reporting forms ‘Report on Children with Disabilities Aged 0-18 for the Years 2010-2022’ were analyzed using the statistical analysis of medical data. The disability analysis was conducted using absolute values and widely accepted intensive measures (the rate of first-time and overall disability per 10,000 of child population aged 0-17 inclusive) as well as extensive measures (the structure of first-time and overall disability by causes). The disability of children due to nervous system disorders (NSDs) represents a significant medical, social, and economic problem. Disorders of the central nervous system cause every seventh case of disability in children in Ukraine and rank third in terms of prevalence (with a relative weight of 14.7% in 2022) among all causes of childhood disability. Approximately half of all cases of disability due to NSDs (48.5% in 2022) are associated with cerebral palsy (CP). Among children newly recognized as disabled individuals, CP is the cause of disability in almost every fourth case (27.7% in 2022). The obtained data on the rate of firsttime and overall disability among children with NSDs will contribute to the development of an optimized model of rehabilitation assistance for children with this pathology and the implementation of modern rehabilitation technologies.

An interprofessional approach to collaborative management of low-back pain in primary care: A scholarly analysis of a successful educational module for prelicensure learners.

In 2008, an interprofessional education (IPE) working group was formed to develop a module on interdisciplinary low-back pain management to fill a curricular gap at our institution. This article describes the program evaluation outcomes and highlights factors contributing to its successful implementation over 8 years through reference to Brigg's Presage-Process-Product (3-P) Model of Teaching and Learning. Program evaluation occurred through administration of a pre- and postmodule Health Professional Collaborative Competency Perception Scale, with scores compared using paired t tests. Descriptive statistics were analyzed from 5-point Likert scales for module session components. A total of 853 students from 9 health care occupations (medicine, chiropractic, physiotherapy, pharmacy, nursing, nurse practitioner, occupational therapy, physiotherapy assistants, and occupational therapist assistants) participated in 51 iterations of the module from 2011 to 2019, averaging 16 participants each session. All Health Professional Collaborative Competency Perception Scale items significantly improved from pre- to postintervention (p < .001) for learners from 6 health professions. Module components were rated highly, with the majority of learners rating these as 4 (helpful) or 5 (very helpful) for their learning. Participants also improved their scores in perceived history and physical exam comfort, knowledge of pharmacotherapy, management options, and attitudes regarding an interprofessional approach to back pain (p < .001). This article describes the presage, process factors, and products of this model IPE program that provides learners from various health care professions with an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the interdisciplinary management of low-back pain, as demonstrated through improvement in collaborative competencies.

Design and Optimization of an Adaptive Knee Joint Orthosis for Biomimetic Motion Rehabilitation Assistance.

In this paper, an adaptive knee joint orthosis with a variable rotation center for biomimetic motion rehabilitation assistance suitable for patients with knee joint movement dysfunction is designed. Based on the kinematic information of knee joint motion obtained by a motion capture system, a Revolute-Prismatic-Revolute (RPR) model is established to simulate the biomimetic motion of the knee joint, then a corresponding implementation for repetitively driving the flexion-extension motion of the knee joint, mainly assembled by a double-cam meshing mechanism, is designed. The pitch curve of each cam is calculated based on the screw theory. During the design process, size optimization is used to reduce the weight of the equipment, resulting in a reduction from 1.96 kg to 1.16 kg, achieving the goal of lightweight equipment. Finally, a prototype of the designed orthosis with the desired biomimetic rotation function is prepared and verified. The result shows that the rotation center of the prototype can achieve biomimetic motion coincident with the rotation center of an active knee joint, which can successfully provide rehabilitation assistance for the knee joint flexion-extension motion.

TINDAKAN PREVENTIF DAN REPRESIF SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA PEMERKOSA ANAK

Law Number 17 of 2016 concerning Child Protection provides special protection to children. This law regulates children's rights, parental responsibilities, child care, as well as handling cases of violence and abuse against children. This research aims to find out and explain the legal considerations taken by the judge in making a decision in the criminal case of child rape in case no. 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2023/PN Bbs and to find out and explain the legal protection mechanisms provided to children who are victims of rape.&#x0D; This type of research is Normative. In this research, there are three approaches applied, namely an approach through analysis of legal regulations (statute approach), a case study (case study), and a conceptual approach (conceptual approach). Systematic Accountability in this research focuses on examining the Judge's Decision in the Child Rape case with case number No. 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2023/PN Bbs in detail for each chapter and sub-chapter discussed, and provides supporting descriptions in the process of reviewing the Judge's Decision.&#x0D; Legal considerations (Ratio Decidendi) Decision No.1/Pid.Sus/Anak/ 2023/PNBBS consists of 4 elements, namely: Person or Human Element, Element of Deliberate Commitment of Deception, Element of Sexual Intercourse or Sexual Relations, Element of the person who commits it, the element that orders it to be carried out. and participate in doing it. The legal protection mechanism provided for child victims of rape is preventive: this can be done by providing information, education and understanding to the public about the applicable laws and regulations. Preventive Legal Protection Efforts by providing legal counseling, providing administrative sanctions, as well as crime prevention measures such as security patrols and security supervision. In a repressive way; Restitution and providing medical assistance/psycho-social rehabilitation assistance can be carried out in the context of restoring the victim's condition from all aspects. The restitution mechanism is regulated in Article 5 of PERMA Number 1 of 2022 concerning Procedures for Settlement of Applications and Providing Restitution and Compensation to Victims of Crime.

Resident-, family-, and staff-identified goals for rehabilitation of long-term care residents with dementia: a qualitative study

BackgroundLong-term care (LTC) residents with dementia can benefit from rehabilitation to improve function and quality of life. However, specific goals for rehabilitation with this population are not always clear. The purpose of this study was to describe the goals for rehabilitation for LTC residents with dementia from the perspective of residents, family, and staff.MethodsThis was a phenomenological qualitative study. LTC residents with moderate to severe dementia, family members, and staff were recruited from two LTC homes in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and field notes from observations with residents while they were being active within the home. Data were analyzed via the principles of thematic content analysis, mapped onto the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Model, and reported by the participant group (i.e., residents, family, or staff).ResultsThe 15 participants were three female residents aged 82 to 98 years, seven predominantly (86%) female family members aged 56 to 74 years, and five staff members (two females, three males, aged 22 to 55 years) who were physiotherapists, a physiotherapy assistant, a healthcare aide, and a registered licenced practical nurse. Most identified goals fell within the activities and participation constructs of the ICF model and focused on maintaining or improving function, mobility, and quality of life. Specific themes included preventing falls, walking or locomoting, stair climbing, maintaining activities of daily living, engaging in enjoyable exercise, maintaining independence and human connections, keeping busy, leaving the home for activities, and participating in group activities.ConclusionsRehabilitation goals for LTC residents living with dementia often focus on quality of life and functional activities and participation in LTC and family activities and events. Function and quality of life are interrelated, whereby functional goals influence quality of life. While some goals focus on improvement in function, maintenance or prevention of decline were also key elements. Future work should ensure rehabilitation interventions are developed relative to individually identified goals, and interventional success is measured in relation to the goal.

Customized Orthosis Design Based on Surface Reconstruction from 3D-Scanned Points

Limb disability is a frequent healthcare problem, especially for patients in primary care. Orthotic treatment has become the most common practice for either rehabilitation or permanent assistance, due to the emergence of 3D scanning and 3D printing technologies. A CAD model rebuilt from captured data is a key step in the rapid prototyping process of customized orthoses. An accurate and robust surface reconstruction technique remains a research challenge, aiming for a well-fitting design and the patient’s comfort. Thus, this paper presents of a new 3D curve-based reconstruction algorithm to obtain a precise 3D surface of an orthotic device from a scanned body part. Numerical experiments of two orthosis design case studies are shown to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the proposed approach compared to other reconstruction methods.

Study on the Effect of Three-dimensional Reconstruction Technique Based on Human Gait Plantar Transient Data on Rehabilitation of Patients with Abnormal Foot Arch

This research employs non-contact plantar 3D data scanning and gait analysis methodologies to establish a rehabilitation assistance system tailored for foot arch anomalies. The system utilizes a non-contact plantar 3D data model to mitigate dysfunctions within the plantar skeletal-muscular system. Its objectives include facilitating personalized remote diagnosis of foot arch anomalies, enabling patients to monitor their rehabilitation progress, and supporting at-home rehabilitation efforts. A dataset comprising 124 cases of physiological foot arch anomalies in adults aged 18 and above was collected and analyzed. The findings demonstrate the system’s flexibility, high spatial resolution, personalization, and innovation. Notably, the system achieves real-time measurement of positive pressure and shear force distribution at the plantar interface, facilitates the construction of accurate geometric models, and yields high-quality plantar three-dimensional coordinate data. This research contributes theoretical and technical underpinnings for the application of footwork anomaly diagnosis and correction.