Assessment Of Compliance Research Articles

Assessment of nurses' knowledge and compliance to evidence based guidelines regarding bundle of ventilator associated pneumonia in a military hospital

Assessment of nurses' knowledge and compliance to evidence based guidelines regarding bundle of ventilator associated pneumonia in a military hospital

Ustawodawstwo covidowe w świetle hierarchii źródeł prawa w Polsce – wybrane aspekty

The aim of the article is to discuss legal solutions adopted in response to the spreading SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic and their location in the hierarchy of sources of law in Poland. Selected legal regulations adopted in connection with the announcement of the COVID-19 virus epidemic have been analysed. The assessment of compliance of Covidian sources of law with the hierarchy of legal acts indicated by the Constitution is made through an analysis of the introduced restrictions, such as: the obligation to cover mouths and noses, closure of catering establishments or restrictions on their operation, implementation of the principle of openness in court hearings or violation of the principle of non-discrimination of entrepreneurs. At the same time, the paper addresses the problem of the introduction of one of the states of emergency provided for by the Constitution. The article is based on substantive legal provisions, court rulings and commentaries by persons specialising in constitutional law. At the same time, it provides a comparative account of the ‘covidium regulations’ and fundamental rights under the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.

Legal Compliance Assessment of the Malaysian Health Sector Through the Lens of Privacy Policies

Value of information privacy has changed over time. Hence a weak personal data protection legal system will increase the threats and damages to individuals, especially in case of sensitive data like health information. Considering increasing amount of incidents, there is not any report or study showing how far Health companies protect both personal information of Malaysian citizens. The objective of this study was to assess the level of compliance with Malaysian Personal Data Protection Act 2010 by hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies. The authors used qualitative method using document analysis. The authors evaluated privacy policies of samples in line with requirements of the Act, especially Notice and Choice Principle and rights of individuals. Findings of the study showed serious non-compliance. Some companies are completely unaware of the Act. Considering sensitivity of health information and its value, the authors suggested amending alternatives to be applied for these privacy statements. The authors suggested specific inspections and issuance of guidelines and orders by data protection commissioner.

Sharia Compliance of Cryptocurrencies: Data-Driven Sharia Compliance Assessment

In recent years, a significant percentage of the population has engaged in the trade and use of cryptocurrencies, demonstrating the widespread interest in the field. The usefulness of cryptocurrencies as an option to fiat currency is one of the most pressing issues that arise. The fiat money system is primarily reliant on commercial banks, which require bank accounts to process individual payments. The legality of cryptocurrencies has been susceptible to subjective interpretation, and this research presents a new objective AI methodology for determining whether currencies comply with Sharia. The framework consists of an unsupervised BIRCH clustering method that allows for the grouping of volatilities and logarithmic returns based on a variety of periodic data. The approach gave a solid rationale for deciding automatically which cryptocurrency may not comply with Sharia law. The results indicate that, over longer time intervals, the volatility of various cryptocurrencies vary substantially. This permits the proper distinction between cryptocurrencies that comply with Sharia and those that do not. The methodology proposes an automated and data-driven method to objectively establish the Compliance with sharia of cryptocurrencies, enabling users to readily determine whether it is permitted to use such cryptocurrencies.

How the OECD May Be Delivering Tax Comfort, If Not Tax Certainty, through ICAP

As members of the OECD Inclusive Framework and MNEs seek to nail down the final details on Pillar One – in which producer nations cede some taxing rights in exchange for greater “tax certainty” – the OECD is expanding an existing programme for achieving some measure of tax certainty. In the latest Talking Points, Khrystyna Knygynytska discusses how the OECD’s International Compliance Assessment Programme (ICAP) enables MNEs and tax administrations to achieve some measure of tax comfort, if not tax certainty, now.

Migration Modeling as a Valuable Tool for Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Polyethylene Terephthalate Oligomers

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most widely used food contact materials due to its excellent mechanical properties and recyclability. Migration of substances from PET and assessment of compliance are usually determined by experimental testing, which can be challenging depending on the migrants of interest. Low concentrations and missing reference standards, among other factors, have led to inadequate investigation of the migration potential of PET oligomers. Migration modeling can overcome such limitations and is therefore a suitable starting point for exposure and risk assessment. In this study, the activation energy-based (EA) model and the AP model were used to systematically evaluate the migration potential of 52 PET oligomers for 12 different application scenarios. Modeling parameters and conditions were evaluated to investigate their impact and relevance on the assessment of realistic exposures. Obtained results were compared with safety thresholds known from the concept of toxicological thresholds of concern. This allowed the evaluation and identification of oligomers and/or applications where migration or exposure levels may be associated with a potential risk because they exceed these safety thresholds. Overall, this study demonstrated that migration modeling can be a high-throughput, fast, flexible, and suitable approach for comprehensive exposure assessment.

Quality characteristics of ‘Pasta-Filata’ Serbian Kačkavalj cheese and regulatory compliance assessment

The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical, proteolysis, microbiological, colour and textural characteristics of Serbian Kačkavalj cheese in order to determine the variability degree between cheeses, compare their properties to other similar ‘Pasta Filata’ cheeses and to determine if they comply to the regulative requirements. A broad range of variations of cheese characteristics was found among Kačkavalj cheeses. The composition showed high variations: dry matter ranged from 51.52% to 58.71%; fat from 20.00% to 29.50%; fat in dry matter from 36.08% to 55.96%; NaCl from 0.93% to 3.69%; total protein from 23.25% to 30.79%. The proteolysis parameters in Kačkavalj cheeses differed significantly. The colour evaluation showed significant differences in a* and b* values, however in L* values there were no significant differences (p>0.05). The traditional Kačkavalj cheese represents the part of national heritage; thus, the comprehensive characterization was conducted to investigate quality variations between Serbian Kačkavalj cheeses. The study identified that term Kačkavalj is used despite some cheeses are not fully compliant with the National Standard. The control of fulfilling the requirements of the National Standard should be improved, as well as raising awareness and prevention of inadequate cheese labelling.

Laboratory performance prediction using virtual reality behaviometrics.

In this study, we show that virtual reality (VR) behaviometrics can be used for the assessment of compliance and physical laboratory skills. Drawing on approaches from machine learning and classical statistics, significant behavioral predictors were deduced from a logistic regression model that classified students and biopharma company employees as experts or novices on pH meter handling with 77% accuracy. Specifically, the game score and number of interactions in VR tasks requiring practical skills were found to be performance predictors. The study provides biopharma companies and academic institutions the possibility of assessing performance using an automatic, reliable, and simple alternative to traditional in-person assessment methods. Integrating the assessment into the training tool renders such laborious post-training assessments unnecessary.

Assessment of compliance with a color code protocol for non-elective cesarean section and its impact on time to delivery interval and neonatal outcomes

IntroductionWe set out to assess the compliance with a cesarean section color code protocol and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes since its implementation in our maternity ward. MethodsThis was a retrospective study including a sample of 200 patients per year who underwent a non-elective cesarean section delivery in Rennes University Hospital from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018. Patients were grouped by year and by color code (red, orange or green). The main outcome was compliance with the protocol (color code in accordance with indication for cesarean section) and compliance with the corresponding decision-delivery interval. Secondary outcomes were maternal and neonatal outcomes. ResultsEight hundred patients were included during the study period. There was no significant difference in patient characteristics over the years. There was a significant improvement in protocol compliance: full compliance increased from 22.4% in 2015 to 76.5% in 2018 (p < 0.0001). The respect of the 15 min decision-delivery interval in red code protocol increased between 2015 and 2018 (p = 0.0020). ConclusionWe observed a significant improvement in compliance with the color code protocol between 2015 and 2018 and in the 15 min decision-delivery deadline for the red code.

Legislative Compliance Assessment of the Request for Urban Transformation and Development in the Purpose of Allocation for Development Purposes in Rangelands: Example of Doyran and Kızılcaören

Bu çalışmada, Samsun Büyükşehir Belediye Meclisi tarafından “kentsel dönüşüm ve gelişim proje alanı” olarak ilan edilen; Vezirköprü ilçesi, Doyran ve Kızılcaören Mahalleleri sınırları içerisinde yer alan sırasıyla 108/51 ve 108/66 numaralı mera parsellerinde, tahsis amacının değişimi isteğine binaen “Mera durum” sınıfı belirlenerek yapılan işin 4342 sayılı Mera Kanuna uygunluğu incelenmiştir. &#x0D; Etüt, 2017 yılı haziran ayı içerisinde yapılmış olup, göz ile tahmin yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Vejetasyon etüdü verilerine göre yapılan hesaplamaya göre mera durumu % 40 ile “Orta” sınıfta yer almıştır. Mera Kanunu’nun 14. maddesine göre mera alanının “Mera durum sınıfı”nın “Çok iyi” veya “İyi” değil de “Orta” çıkması, çalışılan mera alanında tahsis amacı değişikliği yapılabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu sonuca göre Mera Komisyonu, alan için tahsis amacında değişiklik yapılması talebini kabul etmiş ve kararı onay için Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığına göndermiştir. Ancak Bakanlık; bu tür her başvuruda olumlu görüş bildirilme gibi bir zorunluluğun olmadığını ifade ederek; bu alanın sanayi yatırımı için zorunlu olup olmadığı, alternatif bir alanın bulunup bulunmadığı, istenilen alanın gereğinden büyük olup olmadığı ve mera bütünlüğünün bozulup bozulmadığı gibi kriterler bakımından yeniden değerlendirilmesini istemiştir. Mera komisyonu, Belediyenin gerekçeli raporunu incelendikten sonra tahsis amacı değişikliği hususunda yeniden “Olumlu” görüş bildirmiştir. Ancak Bakanlık kararı uygun bulmamış ve mera alanı Samsun Büyükşehir Belediyesine tahsis edilmemiştir.

Sharia Compliance on Murabaha Financing in Sharia Rural Banks: A Review of Recent Practices

One of the most significant concerns in the practice of Sharia Rural Banks is Islamic compliance. This is necessary to guarantee that the policies, provisions, processes, and procedures, as well as the Sharia Rural Bank’s (BPRS) business activities, are in accordance with the provisions and Sharia Principles. The aim in this paper is to extensively evaluate whether Sharia rural banks have completely implemented and conformed with Sharia norms and values, particularly when it comes to Murabaha financing practices. It elaborates on the compliance assessment from the initial application of Murabaha to its complete execution. It also explores the BPRS debt settlement plan, which is in accordance with the DSN-MUI Fatwa, and discusses the OJK Policy on the restructuring process during the Covid-19 crisis. The paper used a normative-empirical research method with employing statutory and conceptual approaches. The análysis of data is described in qualitative-descriptive where the data was obtained from library and empirical research. The findings show that, with a few outliers, the DSN-MUI Fatwa and OJK Policy are implemented in the execution of Murabaha contracts at BPRS. Even during a pandemic crisis, when many customers were unable to settle their debts, the bank was compelled to postpone the debt while still adhering to Sharia principles. However, certain features, particularly the application of the Murabaha contract that is preceded by a wakalah contract, are thought to be in contradiction of the DSN-MUI fatwa on Murabaha.

Evaluation of Drug Use with a Focus on Prostaglandin Analogues and Assessment of Medication Adherence and Quality of Life in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Prospective Study at a Tertiary Care Eye Hospital.

Background: Glaucoma, a chronic, progressive and most often asymptomatic disease 2ndleadingcause of irreversible blindness. Objectives: To study the drug use pattern in patients of Glaucoma,to evaluate the safety aspect with preservative or preservative free drugs, to evaluate quality of lifeusing the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ25) and to evaluatemedication adherence using Glaucoma Treatment Compliance Assessment Tool (GTCAT).Materials and Method: Prospective observational follow up study was carried out for 18 months.IEC permission and Written Informed Consent from the patients were taken before hand. Patientsabove 18 years of age and of either gender and diagnosed with POAG and were on medication forpast three months were included in the study. Results: In a total of 312 patients, POAG wasprevalent in age group of 51-60 years. A total of 102(32.7%) patients were on monotherapy whilerest 210(67.3%) were prescribed combination. Most commonly used preservative wasBenzalkonium chloride. Bimatoprost caused a significantly higher mean percent reduction in IOPthan Latanoprost and Travoprost, when compared to baseline values. The Bimatoprost had asignificantly higher percentage of adverse events compared to the Latanoprost, but no significantdifference found when compared to Travoprost. Conclusion:Travoprost was most frequentlyprescribed. Drugs containing preservative BAK were reported higher incidence of ocular sideeffects when compared to preservative free eye drops. Nearly half of the patients were adherent totheir antiglaucoma medications. Keywords: Adherence, Drug use pattern, Glaucoma Treatment Compliance Assessment Tool(GTCAT), NEI-VFQ-25, PG analogues, Quality of life

Improving the Compliance of Makassar City Government to Public Service Standards: Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses of the Ombudsman Republic of Indonesia Representative of South Sulawesi

This study aims to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the Ombudsman Republic of Indonesia Representative of South Sulawesi in improving the Makassar City Government's compliance with public service standards. This is based on the Makassar City Government's compliance assessment which continues to be in the Yellow Zone. Qualitative research methods were chosen to facilitate the presentation of research results. Research data were obtained from interviews, observations, and document studies. The results of the study indicate that the main strength of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia Representative of South Sulawesi is having the political will of the organizers of public and community services, and the weakness of the human resources is only 17 people is not proportional to the breadth and magnitude of the supervisory task that must be carried out.

Assessment of compliance with current driving legislation in Spanish patients with visual disturbances

AbstractPurpose: To determine whether patients who do not fulfil some of the requirements of current Spanish driving regulation but still have their driving licence have stopped driving. Furthermore, to assess the extent to which ophthalmologists know such legislation and whether they counsel their patients accordingly.Methods: Two surveys were conducted. For the first one, we contacted 133 patients who did not fulfil either current visual acuity (VA) or visual field requirements. We asked them to answer 10 questions about their driving habits and their subjective perception of visual quality and road safety. For the second one, we contacted 137 ophthalmologists and presented them with 12 questions: 6 of them inquired about current legislation requirements and the rest of them looked at their opinion about the importance of vision in driving matters.Results: 65% of patients (95% CI: [57%–74%]) kept driving despite not fulfilling minimal legal requirements. Continuation of driving was associated with having better VA (p &lt; 0.005), better subjective perception of visual quality (p &lt; 0.0000001), having had a previous conversation with their ophthalmologist about driving (p &lt; 0.05; OR = 3.50) and not being pressured by their families for driving cessation (p &lt; 0.05, OR = 2.67). Regression models showed that subjective perception of visual quality was not a good predictor of objective VA neither among non‐drivers (R2 = 0.228) nor drivers (R2 = 0.072). Most ophthalmologists (72.3%) correctly answered no more than 3 out of 6 questions about the requirements of current legislation. Only 7 (5.1%) had received specific training about these matters. Most of them (97.1%) agreed that sufficient visual quality is of great importance for driving safely.Conclusions: Most drivers who keep their driving licence despite falling below the minimum legal requirements to drive continue driving. Current evaluations for licence renewal could be insufficient. Family pressure seems to be important in driving cessation. Ophthalmologists play a role in patients' counsel about driving, but their knowledge seems to be limited. New training initiatives could be beneficial.

PCR229 Two Simple Methods for Daily Measuring Compliance With Oral Nutritional Supplements in the Community: Electronic Self-Report Method Versus Image-Based Method

Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are recommended in patients with disease-related malnutrition (DRM) who can eat. Regular monitoring of the ONS compliance is necessary to optimize outcomes in this population, especially in the community. Techniques for measuring compliance offer an approximation of the individual’s behavior. Precise and time-saving techniques are needed for research and routine practice. We aim to determine the concordance between two simple methods for ONS compliance assessment: self-reported method (SRM) and image-based method (IBM).

Reconstruction mechanism and strategy of global maritime green supply chain against the backdrop of nuclear pollution.

Owing to the nuclear accident at Fukushima, everyone involved in the supply chain began to reflect on the ongoing efforts to minimize the environmental impact. Being part of the green supply chain, it is important for maritime companies to restructure their mechanism and strategy for the future. This study analyzes the framework of the reconstruction mechanism and strategy of the global maritime green supply chain against the backdrop of nuclear pollution in four dimensions, namely, ecology, management, economy, and society. On the basis of these four dimensions, 20 suitable evaluation indicators are constructed to develop an expert questionnaire. These indicators are used to identify the importance of the maritime green supply chain through the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process so that decision makers can discover the intrinsic key competencies. According to the results of the study, the indicators of critical success factors (CSFs) are as follows: 1. "Reduction of waste discharge and pollution treatment"; 2. "Construction of environmentally friendly fleets, desulfurization retrofit, and fleet replacement to comply with the International Maritime Organization's regulations and improve energy efficiency"; 3. " Regular audit, assessment, and review of compliance with environmental laws and regulations"; 4. "Priority access to ports and increased profitability by participating in the Green Ship Incentive Program"; and 5. " Dedicated management units and departments responsible for policies related to green capabilities." The results provide a reference for the decision making of maritime companies to identify the key reconstruction mechanism and CSFs in the maritime green supply chain and explore future service models as a way to build competitive advantage and ensure sustainable operations. This study integrates the ecological theory and concept of the green supply chain management. Furthermore, the results of this study provide policy implications for stakeholders, such as maritime companies and governments, in implementing and promoting green supply chain practices.

Measuring the compliance of management system in manufacturing SMEs: An integrated model

Research on the efficiency and sustainability of production systems has drawn attention to the importance of monitoring the social and environmental impacts of production processes and management systems. In particular, integrated models and tools need to be developed to assess the application of sustainable operations – especially in those sectors characterized by a high presence of SMEs.This paper proposes an integrated assessment model – the Small and Medium Enterprise Compliance Assessment (SECA) – for SMEs involved in manufacturing and production. SECA provides an integrated tool to detect a firm's compliance with mandatory requirements on environmental and social issues in accordance with relevant legislation applicable in the country. This assessment model employs a new Index of Small and Medium Enterprise Compliance to synthesize both the levels of compliance and the complementary risks to which the enterprise is exposed to, given the applicable legislative domains.To test the model, a pilot application was conducted based on the analysis of 99 Chinese-owned SMEs operating in the textile and fashion manufacturing district in Prato. These enterprises voluntarily underwent the assessment procedure to measure their compliance with mandatory processes and regulations.The results that emerge from this pilot application demonstrate the relevance and capacity of SECA to assess and understand the degree of SMEs' compliance with relevant legislation on sustainability matters. The application also demonstrates the models' potential to be adapted to other local contexts and SMEs as required.

Оцінка селекційних номерів тимофіївки лучної в агрокліматичних умовах Передкарпаття

Goal. To reveal the inner nature of the subject and the content of methods of aggregating modern agricultural machinery as a separate section of the discipline “agricultural mechanics”. Methods. Analytical analysis and synthesis of scientific and technical information are applied, which highlights the directions of development and objective evaluation of the state of aggregation of agricultural (AAA) and machine-tractor (MTA) aggregates under changes in the requirements of agricultural production technologies. Results. The modern concept of agricultural and machine-tractor aggregates was formulated. It was determined that the subjects of aggregation are the methods of analysis and assessment of the comprehensive compliance of parameters and characteristics of AAA/MTA with the requirements of agricultural production technologies. These methods can be analysis of structural and technological properties of AAA/MTA; assessment of traction energy indicators of AAA/MTA; agroecological analysis; operational-technological assessment of the work of AAA/MTA; techno- economic efficiency of AAA/MTA. Conclusions. Analytical analysis shows that in their essence and internal content, the components of the aggregation process reflect an organic combination of research methods, techniques, and strategies. This gives reason to assert that aggregation is a methodology for ensuring the functioning of agricultural and machine- tractor aggregates with maximum efficiency and therefore can be considered a fully formed independent section of agricultural mechanics.

Use of a drone-based sensor as a field-ready technique for short-term concentration mapping of air pollutants: A modeling study

While a network of low-cost sensors (LCS) boosts the capability in monitoring of air quality as covering a wide area, its fixed positioning hinders pinpointing of an unknown emitting source, its accuracy is variable over time, and its operation requires more periodic calibration than the USEPA's reference monitors. Alternatively, for short-term concentration mapping and regulatory compliance assessment, a drone equipped with a single reference sensor to detect the target air pollutant may provide a highly accurate concentration mapping tool as it offers flexibility to maneuver over hard-to-access terrains while addressing the abovementioned limitations. In this modeling study, we focused on a hypothetical point source emitting a certain air pollutant steadily inside a 1 km by 1 km study area. With respect to true concentrations generated from such source using USEPA's SCREEN3 Gaussian dispersion model and an inverse distance weighing (IDW) approach, we developed R and Python scripts to plot concentration and reliability maps for when a drone-based reference sensor/a stationary network of LCS is deployed to reconstruct the concentration maps. First, we compared the impact of the drone flight path on 1-hr-averaged concentration mapping of an air pollutant for locating a hidden point source or concentration accuracy determination at certain regions. Then, we conducted sensitivity analyses on the drone-based mapping reliability under different number of drone passes, wind speeds, and wind directions. Our results showed that compared to S-, N-, Z-, and diagonal-shape drone travel paths for the same travel total time, the time-averaged mapping accuracy of a zigzag drone flight is the best for pinpointing an unknown point source. For concentration mapping of known air polluting sources, which is intended to provide the utmost accuracy, an increase in the number of drone passes from the source to the downstream receptor points improves reliability of the projected dispersing plume. When flown under a windy condition (wind speeds above 3 m/s), concentration maps are underestimated for the most part, and the bias reduces when the drone travels in parallel to the wind direction. The outcomes of this study shed light on optimized development of the drone-based air quality sensors as proof-of-concept of a field-ready device to facilitate accurate short-term air quality monitoring or regulatory compliance of the air pollutants with hourly thresholds.

Compliance assessment when radioactive discharges are close to exemption levels in nuclear medicine facilities

Nuclear Medicine has applied radiopharmaceuticals to diagnose and treat several diseases for decades. The decay of the radionuclide inserted in the drug needs to be monitored and controlled to avoid unnecessary impact on the environment, as well as on the general public. Gamma-ray spectrometry is the technique usually selected to identify and quantify these gamma emitters radionuclides. When radionuclides' active concentrations are close to upper limit specifications, doubts are raised about whether they meet the regulatory body's definitions. A different and innovative approach to assessing compliance in these situations is the use of guard band, interval between the boundary and the end of the acceptance zone. The study presented aimed the evaluation of the guard bands' effect on the disposal limits of some radionuclides commonly used in a medical facility. A relatively small increase in the activity concentration could be observed when the guard bands approach was used for the detector's uncertainty. However, these values can be used when activity concentrations are on the boundary of the exemption level. According to the results achieved with this study, guard bands can be seen as an alternative approach to the current one that do not use an in-depth metrological study. For the biota study, and under the described conditions, it was verified that the guard band approach did not show significant damage.