Assessment Of Well-being Research Articles

A cross-sectional study on smartphone use and mindfulness among undergraduate medical students of a medical college in Kolkata

Background: Nowadays, increasing use of smart phone has led to smart phone addiction. Even medical students are inadvertently using these devices for non-academic purposes. Excessive smart phone use can impact mindfulness, which, in turn, can hamper patient care. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the smart phone usage and mindfulness among Undergraduate Medical Students of a Medical College, Kolkata. Materials and Methods: An observational study and cross-sectional in design was conducted from October 01, 2022, to December 12, 2022, among 423 undergraduate medical students of a medical college in Kolkata selected by simple random sampling technique using a pre-designed pre-tested structured questionnaire (containing mindful attention awareness scale). Besides, assessment of Digital Wellbeing and Parental Control application was done. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2019 and SPSSv25. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to represent the data. Results: Over 80% participants were using their smart phones excessively and 52.5% students were unmindful. YouTube (26.9%) was the maximally used application. The participants spent 360 min/day on smart phone on an average. Being a male had a higher odd of excessive smart phone usage. Hostel residents were more mindful than others. Duration of smart phone use had a positive relation with mindfulness (Spearman’s rho 0.108, P=0.026). Conclusion: The participants spent a major portion of the day in front of smart phone screens. Smartphone use had a positive impact on mindfulness. By setting boundaries, that is, limiting daily usage in websites and apps, smart phone use can be reduced.

Telerehabilitation and onsite rehabilitation effectively improve quality of life, fatigue, balance, and cognition in people with multiple sclerosis: an interventional study.

Telerehabilitation (TR) offers a valuable opportunity to improve access to care and has shown results comparable to onsite rehabilitation (SR) across different conditions. The present study aimed to explore the efficacy of TR and SR in improving clinically meaningful outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Subjects enrolled in the study were assigned to one of two treatment arms: a 6-week TR intervention or a 6-week onsite rehabilitation (SR) intervention. Pre-and post-intervention evaluation included assessment of global wellbeing using the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 scale (QoL), fatigue using the Fatigue Severity Status scale (FSS), cognitive status using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), and balance dysfunction using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Group-level and single-subject improvements were considered as outcome measures, with QoL as the primary endpoint. To determine significant group changes over time for the entire pwMS cohort, a paired t-test was applied to the overall QoL score, focusing on both physical and mental composites. An independent sample t-test was used to assess differences in baseline and follow-up performance, as well as changes over time between the intervention groups (TR and SR). This same analysis was repeated for the other clinical domains (FSS, BBS, and SDMT). The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) according to treatment group (TR vs. SR) was explored using logistic regression. Additionally, a multiple linear regression model was applied to evaluate the impact of baseline clinical-demographic features on the observed post-intervention modifications. A total of 51 subjects completed the study (37 women, mean age 46.3 ± 9.8, median Expanded Disability Status Scale 3.5, min. 2, max. 6.5). The entire sample benefited from the rehabilitation treatment, with significant improvements observed at both the group and individual levels across all measured domains for both intervention groups (TR vs. SR). Quality of life improved significantly (p = 0.005), as did fatigue and balance (both p < 0.001), and cognition (p = 0.003). Both SR and TR approaches effectively improved the perception of fatigue, cognitive performance, balance, and quality of life in a population of MS patients with moderate disability.

Assessment of Well-Being of Youth Project Results’ of State Employment and Expenditure in Delta State, Nigeria

This study assessed the effects of the State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) project on the well-being of youth in Delta State. The study Identified beneficiaries ‘attitude towards the SEEFOR project, assessed beneficiaries’ levels of constraints in their involvement with SEEFOR project, found out the effects of the project on beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 274 respondents (137 beneficiaries and 137 non-beneficiaries) for the study. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire on beneficiaries’ attitudes towards the SEEFOR project, beneficiaries’ constraints to involvement in the SEEFOR project and the level of well-being of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries in the study area. Data obtained were analysed using percentages, mean and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The findings revealed that the SEEFOR beneficiaries (93.4%) had a favourable attitude towards the project, while the delay in payment of salaries (1.98) was the main constraint faced by beneficiaries in the study area. Also, 77.5% of beneficiaries had better well-being while 68.4% of non-beneficiaries had worse-off well-being. A significant difference exists (F=11.300, p=0.001) in the well-being status of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries in the study area. This study concluded that SEEFOR project had positive effects on the well-being of its beneficiaries. Therefore, policy makers should endeavour to put in consideration the well-being (both objective and subjective) of its beneficiaries as one of the objectives when formulating programme intervention.

HRV and EEG correlates of well-being using ultra-short, portable, and low-cost measurements.

Wearable electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) devices may offer a non-invasive, user-friendly, and cost-effective approach for assessing well-being (WB) in real-world settings. However, challenges remain in dealing with signal artifacts (such as environmental noise and movements) and identifying robust biomarkers. We evaluated the feasibility of using portable hardware to identify potential EEG and heart-rate variability (HRV) correlates of WB. We collected simultaneous ultrashort (2-min) EEG and ECG data from 60 individuals in real-world settings using a wrist ECG electrode connected to a 4-channel wearable EEG headset. These data were processed, assessed for signal quality, and analyzed using the open-source EEGLAB BrainBeats plugin to extract several theory-driven metrics as potential correlates of WB. Namely, the individual alpha frequency (IAF), frontal and posterior alpha asymmetry, and signal entropy for EEG. SDNN, the low/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio, the Poincaré SD1/SD2 ratio, and signal entropy for HRV. We assessed potential associations between these features and the main WB dimensions (hedonic, eudaimonic, global, physical, and social) implementing a pairwise correlation approach, robust Spearman's correlations, and corrections for multiple comparisons. Only eight files showed poor signal quality and were excluded from the analysis. Eudaimonic (psychological) WB was positively correlated with SDNN and the LF/HF ratio. EEG posterior alpha asymmetry was positively correlated with Physical WB (i.e., sleep and pain levels). No relationships were found with the other metrics, or between EEG and HRV metrics. These physiological metrics enable a quick, objective assessment of well-being in real-world settings using scalable, user-friendly tools.

The Well-Being of Women in Healthcare Professions: A Comprehensive Review.

A multidisciplinary team of health scientists and educators at an academic medical center came together to consider the various factors that impact well-being among self-identified women working in healthcare and conducted a comprehensive literature review to identify the existing body of knowledge. To examine how well-being is defined, what instruments are used to measure it, and correlation between professional and personal gender-specific factors that impact the well-being of women in healthcare occupations. A total of 71 studies published in 26 countries between 1979-2022 were extracted from PubMed. Studies enrolled adult women (18-74 y.o.) healthcare professionals including nurses, physicians, clinical social workers, and mental health providers. Well-being related phenomena such as quality of life (QOL), stress, burnout, resiliency, and wellness were investigated. In this review, women are broadly defined to include any individual who primarily identifies as a woman regardless of their sex assigned at birth. The results of our analysis were consistent across the scope of the literature and indicated that women in healthcare occupations endure a significantly higher level of stress and burnout compared to their male counterparts. The following gender-specific factors were identified as having direct correlation to well-being: job satisfaction, psychological health, and work-life integration. The findings from this review indicate a need for evidence-based integrative interventions across healthcare enterprises to combat stress and burnout and strengthen the resiliency and well-being of women in healthcare. Using information from this review, our team will launch a comprehensive well-being assessment and a series of interventions to support resiliency and well-being at our academic medical center.

Development and Validity and Reliability of an Instrument to Assess Patient's Spiritual Well-Being.

Spiritual care is not limited to palliative care or end-of-life care. The spiritual well-being of patients also needs to be taken into account in the multidisciplinary healthcare system of whole person care. For medical institutions providing spiritual care, it is necessary to develop a tool for clinical spiritual care providers to assess patient's spiritual well-being of. The purpose of this study was to construct a questionnaire that would allow spiritual care providers or pastors to assess the spiritual well-being of patients. The study combined qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative research used in-depth interviews or focus groups with patients and family members to obtain textual data. The text was analyzed by Colaizzi analysis. The researchers constructed the Patient's Spiritual Well-Being Scale (PtSpWBS) from the themes obtained through qualitative analysis. Through the participation of 661 patients, quantitative research was conducted to analyze the reliability, validity and component analysis of the PtSpWBS. Through qualitative research, it was found the spiritual needs of patients had two domains, namely spiritual awareness and spiritual dynamics. Based on this result, a 15-question PtSpWBS was designed. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the reliability of the PtSpWBS, and the internal consistency was calculated with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.899. The Bartlett's Test of Sphericity of the PtSpWBS reached a significant difference (p<0.0001), and the KMO value of sampling appropriateness was 0.900. The three components were spiritual health, religion connection, and spiritual awareness. A PtSpWBS score ≦ 41 indicated the patient had poor spiritual well-being. The study constructed the PtSpWBS for clinical spiritual care providers to evaluate spiritual well-being of patients; this questionnaire has good reliability and validity. The PtSpWBS can be truly used by departments that specialize in providing spiritual care in medical institutions to conduct spiritual well-being assessment.

Well-being balance and lived experiences assessment: a valid, comprehensive measure of positive well-being.

Widely used measures of self-reported subjective well-being and flourishing generally do not directly measure positive experiences that have been demonstrated to improve subjective well-being and flourishing, which could aid in developing personalized interventions to improve individuals' well-being. The present study evaluated the validity of the Well-being Balance and Lived Experience (WBAL) Model and Assessment, a new model of well-being and corresponding assessment instrument that evaluates the self-reported frequency of positive experiences and positive feelings of well-being, balanced across activation and arousal levels. A total of 496 evaluable subjects completed the WBAL Assessment, the PERMA+ Profiler (PERMA+) and the Well-Being Assessment Adult 24-item (WBA-24). A confirmatory factor model corresponding to the WBAL construct was created, and internal and external validity of the WBAL Assessment were interrogated. The confirmatory factor model showed good fit, indicating that each of the model factors are related but distinct and all items load significantly onto their factors. The WBAL Assessment demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.95) and internal validity across well-being factors and Feelings (r = 0.96) and Experiences (r = 0.94) domains. The WBAL Assessment demonstrated strong convergent validity in comparison to PERMA+ (r = 0.80) and WBA-24 (r = 0.75), indicating that the WBAL Assessment measures a similar overall concept of well-being and flourishing. Discriminant validity of WBAL factors was demonstrated for an average of 14.3 of 17 comparator domains. The main differences between instruments are WBAL's assessment of positive Experiences, the comparator instruments' inclusion of feelings with negative valence, and WBA-24's inclusion of financial stability. The WBAL Assessment is a reliable and valid instrument to comprehensively measure positive aspects of well-being that evaluates multiple modifiable contributors to individuals' well-being to guide design of personalized assessment and intervention programs to enhance positive well-being.

College Perception and Well-being Assessment of Medical Students in a Public Medical School in the Philippines: A Cross-sectional Study

College Perception and Well-being Assessment of Medical Students in a Public Medical School in the Philippines: A Cross-sectional Study

Enhancing hospice care with psychological support and a nomogram to predict delirium in patients with advanced solid tumors.

To assesses the impact of integrating hospice care with psychological interventions on patient well-being and to introduce a predictive nomogram model for delirium that incorporates clinical and psychosocial variables, thereby improving the accuracy in hospice care environments. Data from 381 patients treated from September 2018 to February 2023 were analyzed. The patients were divided into a control group (n=177, receiving standard care) and an experimental group (n=204, receiving combined hospice care and psychological interventions) according to the treatment modality. The duration of care extended until the patient's discharge from the hospital or death. The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in emotional well-being and a lower incidence of delirium compared to the control group. Specifically, emotional well-being assessments revealed marked improvements in the experimental group, as evidenced by lower scores on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) post-intervention. The nomogram model, developed using logistic regression based on clinical characteristics, effectively predicted the risk of delirium in patients with advanced cancer. Significant predictors in the model included ECOG score ≥3, Palliative Prognostic Index score ≥6, opioid usage, polypharmacy, infections, sleep disorders, organ failure, brain metastases, electrolyte imbalances, activity limitations, pre-care SAS score ≥60, pre-care SDS score ≥63, and pre-care KPS score ≥60. The model's predictive accuracy was validated, showing AUC values of 0.839 for the training cohort and 0.864 for the validation cohort, with calibration and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) confirming its clinical utility. Integrating hospice care with psychological interventions not only significantly enhanced the emotional well-being of advanced cancer patients but also reduced the actual incidence of delirium. This approach, offering a valuable Nomogram model for precise care planning and risk management, underscores the importance of integrated, personalized care strategies in advanced cancer management.

An Assessment of Social Well-being of the Elderly in Ovia North-East Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria

The paper focused on the Assessment of Social Well-being of the Elderly in Ovia North-East Local Government Area Edo State. It specifically examined social supports for the elderly; it accessed how the family members render social supports for the elderly; it accessed the relevance of the informal caregivers to the elderly; it also investigated how neglect affect the well-being of the elderly and examined the causes of neglect of the elderly. It was found that a majority of people have good intention towards the welfare of the elderly. The main source of income and care of the elderly was mainly from their family members. The various forms of informal social support and certain demographic characteristics predicted the wellbeing of the elderly. The elderly would prefer a combination of both formal and informal social support. It is recommended that all stakeholders involved in the welfare of the elderly should deliberately make adequate efforts to adopt a proactive approach rather than reactive approach in the health of the elderly persons. Keywords: Care, Elderly. Support, Welfare, Well-being

ParkinSong Online: Feasibility of Telehealth Delivery and Remote Data Collection for a Therapeutic Group Singing Study in Parkinson’s

Background Parkinson’s disease can negatively affect vocal functioning and social wellbeing, particularly in the latter stages of disease progression. Face-to-face group singing interventions can improve communication and wellbeing outcomes, yet not all people can access in-person sessions. To help overcome barriers to participation, exploration of the feasibility and utility of online therapeutic singing programs is needed. Objectives To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week ParkinSong Online intervention on speech and wellbeing for people with Parkinson’s disease. Methods A total of 28 participants with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease were recruited to a single-arm feasibility study. Weekly 90-minute online sessions were co-facilitated by a music therapist and speech pathologist. Speech and wellbeing assessments were conducted pre and post intervention. Participant and facilitator surveys were administered after each session, with focus group interviews at the end of the program. Results The recruitment rate was high (90%) with no attrition, adverse events, or safety issues. There was good intervention fidelity, attendance (average 89%), and positive participant experience. Feasibility was good, with technology reported as the main challenge (connecting and navigating Zoom). No improvements were seen in voice measures or wellbeing outcomes in this small trial. The online format used in this study did not provide the same benefits as in-person ParkinSong sessions. Conclusions ParkinSong Online is feasible for recreational purposes and social engagement provided that people have adequate technological knowledge or support. The optimal online delivery format to achieve communication improvements in Parkinson’s awaits confirmation.

Особенности оценки собственной безопасности и благополучия подростками на территориях военных конфликтов

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The study is aimed at examining the assessment of safety and well-being among adolescents through their subjective evaluation. A comparative analysis of subjective well-being (SWB) was conducted in areas of armed conflict and regions of Russia using the Subjective Well-Being Questionnaire (Oslon V.N. et al.), which, in addition to SWB subdomains, includes a set of questions allowing for a more qualitative interpretation of the results. In total, 13,342 adolescents from the Donetsk People&amp;rsquo;s Republic (DPR) participated in the survey, including 54% girls and 46% boys aged 13 to 17. The research results allowed evaluating living conditions, education, experienced stress, and safety, as well as the perspectives of adolescents seeking integration into normal life. A detailed analysis of the responses revealed that the majority of adolescents rated their satisfaction with various aspects of life quite high. However, a comparative analysis of SWB subdomains indicates that subjective satisfaction is lower than the overall Russian sample (151,000 people). The study showed that, along with socio-psychological support for children by qualified specialists locally and during visits to other regions, the creation of conditions for normalizing life in their republic, including the restoration of child infrastructure, is of no less importance for well-being.&lt;/p&gt;

Prediction of Vulnerability to addiction based on Religious Beliefs with the Mediating Role of Psychological Well-being in Women

Background: Effective religious beliefs, along with psychological well-being, are effective factors in the tendency or non-tendency to addiction. The more developed a person's religious beliefs are, the more effective they will be in preventing addiction. The purpose of this study was to predict the prevalence of addiction based on religious beliefs and the role of mediation of psychological well-being in women. Methods: In a correlational study, 185 women in East Azarbaijan were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling, and they completed the addiction preparedness, psychological well-being and religious beliefs assessment questionnaire. Results: The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between psychological well-being and readiness for addiction, and there was a significant positive relationship between religious beliefs and psychological well-being. The proposed model had a good fit with the data. Conclusions: Religious beliefs with mediating psychological well-being can predict the prevalence of addiction in women. Considering this, there can be suggestions for prevention and intervention in the women's addiction field.

An Online Dementia Screening and Lifestyle Education System

Mental well-being is a major factor contributing to the quality of life. Because of the ageing population, the old-age cognitive deficit is an epidemic-like phenomenon. Cognitive mental impairment is chronic, progressive, long-lasting and incurable, but the deterioration could be slowed, and the quality of life could be maintained for a longer time. Therefore, the assessment of mental well-being and the early detection of deterioration are very important. Current clinically validated tests have limited screening capabilities as they have been developed for professional use in controlled environments, they are expensive and require the presence of medical staff. We aimed to develop a monitoring measurement methodology that is suitable for regular screening at the patient's home and can detect significant deterioration in some important cognitive areas. Our idea was to monitor and analyse the patient’s performance through the analysis of computer game performance.&#x0D; We developed a system and investigated the estimation of mental well-being based on voluntary game playing in the last decade. The focus is on the elderly group showing the early sign of having a higher risk for a pathological decrease in cognition (called Mild Cognitive Impairment). Since 2014 more than 3000 people were registered in the system and nearly 1.5 million game logs were collected. Experience has been collected since the first end-users registered, especially feed-backs were analysed. Several important ideas were gained, and during the past years, we improved this system in the framework of the iCare4NextG project. The three most important ones are: a) strengthening the feedback to the participants by giving some explanation of the suggestions, b) simplifying the user interface and c) reducing the difficulty level of some games. Therefore, a lifestyle education advisory system is to be added, to help interpret the results and to give advice about the improvement of mental, physical, and social lifestyles.&#x0D; Based on the analysis of the experience and the collected feedback information an online screening application was developed. The screening application consists of 3 games and 2 questionnaires. The participant is asked to perform at least 3 sessions in each game, and fill out the questionnaires at least once. The screening is aimed at the inhabitants of a local municipality. The localized nature and the involvement of the municipality are very important: based on the performance of the participant, he/she can be referred to the proper local healthcare institute (e.g. local social centre, general practitioner etc.). The system is easily portable to different local environments. This way we turned a primarily reactive healthcare experience into a proactive one in cooperation with local municipal and healthcare institutions.&#x0D; Currently, a 6-month screening is running in a district of Budapest focusing on 65+ years inhabitants. More than 120 participants registered during October and November 2022, and 534 game logs and 379 questionnaires were collected.&#x0D; Project no. 2019-2.1.1-EUREKA-2020-00014 (iCare4NextG – H ) has been implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the EUREKA-2020 funding scheme.

Born in Belgium Professionals, shared platform towards integrated care.

Introduction: The first 1000 days of life (i.e. 270 days of a pregnancy and 2 years of 365 days each) are crucial for a healthy growth and development of a child. Meanwhile this period is one of the largest transitions into a woman’s and man’s life with different physiological, psychological and social changes. The transition into parenthood can be seen as an important period of imprinting, impacting later health and wellbeing.&#x0D; It is a vulnerable period where attention to psychosocial well-being is of great importance. Born in Belgium Professionals, which is a National Institute of Health and Disability (NIHD) project, is committed to an increased focus on questioning each pregnant woman and offering tailor-made care.&#x0D; Target Community: Born in Belgium professionals is a digital platform developed by and for care providers that offers support in the needs assessment and follow-up of psychosocial well-being in the perinatal period.&#x0D; Involvement &amp; Engagement: More than 100 organisations were involved in the development phase.&#x0D; Intervention: The digital platform offers an overview of the care providers involved; The care needs are mapped by means of a questionnaire tool; The answers in the tool lead to proposals for customised care; The platform facilitates referrals through integration with databases of the NIHD, Social Brussels, Social map Flanders, VVKP, VRGT, Fares,... ; The platform enables multidisciplinary consultation across primary and secondary care organisations; The platform is offered free of charge by the NIHD; The platform forms a shared file. The platform is integrated into the various Electronic Files or can be accessed via a web link.&#x0D; The platform is aimed at all care actors working in the perinatal period: GP, gynaecologist, midwife, psychologist, social worker, non-profit organisation, .... Informative webinars and training around asking sensitive questions are offered.&#x0D; Results: More than 1,500 women have already been followed up in the platform, the first results show a clear need for an integrated care approach.&#x0D; Less than 1% of women refuse to participate, in over 95% of the cases all 13 indicators of psychosocial wellbeing are filled. Over 87% of the women report at least one vulnerability. Proposed care pathways, including referrals, are used.&#x0D; &#x0D; Lessons learned: Women are open to answering questions about their psychosocial wellbeing in a shared digital platform.&#x0D; Integrated care pathways are initiated through the platform, all stakeholders involved have an overview of the current situation.&#x0D; The concept of Born in Belgium Professionals can be extended to other care pathways and other stages of life.&#x0D; Next steps: In terms of evaluation, we are planning a thorough analysis of entire care pathways. In terms of implementation, we will analyse the use of the platform along with barriers and facilitators to its use in practice, this will allow us to develop appropriate implementation strategies.&#x0D; We plan the further roll-out of the platform in Flanders, Brussels and Wallonia.

Evaluating Workforce Mental Health and Well-Being: A Review of Assessments.

Given the importance of mental health and well-being assessments to employers' efforts to optimize employee health and well-being, this paper reviews mental health assessments that have utility in the workplace. A review of publicly available mental health and well-being assessments was conducted with a primary focus on burnout, general mental health and well-being, loneliness, psychological safety, resilience, and stress. Assessments had to be validated for adult populations; available in English as a stand-alone tool; have utility in an employer setting; and not have a primary purpose of diagnosing a mental health condition. All assessments were reviewed by a minimum of two expert reviewers to document number of questions, subscales, fee structure, international use, translations available, scoring/reporting, respondent (ie, employee or organization), and the target of the assessment (ie, mental health domain and organizational or individual level assessments. Sixty-six assessments across the six focus areas met inclusion criteria, enabling employers to select assessments that meet their self-identified measurement needs. This review provides employers with resources that can help them understand their workforce's mental health and well-being status across multiple domains, which can serve as a needs assessment, facilitate strategic planning of mental health and well-being initiatives, and optimize evaluation efforts.

Effect of English Learning Perception and Foreign Language Enjoyment on Students’ Well-Being at State Junior High School Number 3 Satap Sejangkung

This study aims to examine the influence of perception and enjoyment of learning a foreign language on the well-being of learning English. This study uses a quantitative approach. The respondents were class VII students (n = 47). The research location is at State Junior High School 3 Satap sejangkung, Sambas, Indonesia. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. Data collection was carried out in September 2023. The perception measurement instrument was adopted and modified from Dhian Marita Sari and Muslem et al., enjoyment measurement from Dewaele &amp; MacIntyre, well-being assessment from Lo &amp; Lin and Zhu. Data analysis uses normality, linearity, correlation, and regression tests. The results show the influence of the perception of learning English (X1) on the welfare of learning English (Y), with a value (sig.) of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. Perception is strongly correlated with wellbeing (Y) and grades (r = 0.633). There is no influence of the enjoyment variable on English Learning Wellbeing (Y), value (sig.) 0.007 ˂ 0.05. However, it is strongly related (r = 0.709).

PET OWNERSHIP AND LONGITUDINAL CHANGE IN PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION – EVIDENCE FROM THE BLSA

Abstract Successful aging depends in part on maintaining psychological adaptation. Research examining the relationship of pet ownership (PO) or human-animal interaction (HAI) to human health supports contributions to psychological status, mostly in populations with diseases or disabilities. We examine the contributions of PO to maintaining psychological adaptation among generally healthy community-dwelling older participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Participants (N=637, age M=68.3, SD=9.6 years, pet owners N=149) completed assessments of anxiety (Perceived Stress Scale-10), depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression), happiness (1-10 rating) and psychological wellbeing (SF-12 Mental Component Score) every 1-4 years and a 10-year PO history. Linear mixed models with random intercepts were used to examine changes in psychological adaptation outcomes over up to 13 years (M=7.5, SD=3.6) according to time-varying PO. Overall anxiety decreased (b=-0.0360,se=0.0104,p=0.001) and depression increased (b=.099141, se=0.015837, p&amp;lt; 0.001) with aging. Psychological wellbeing (b=0.00055, se=0.00119, p=0.644) and happiness (b=-.00405,se=0.0206,p=0.844) did not change. PO moderated changes in anxiety (b=0.058452,se=0.024376,p=0.017), happiness (b=-0.101373,se=0.04779,p=0.034), and psychological wellbeing (b=-0.005541,se=0.002764,p=0.045), but not depression (b=-0.01134, se=.037065,p=0.769). Anxiety and happiness improved in pet owners and deteriorated in non-owners. Psychological wellbeing deteriorated faster for pet owners than non-owners. This study provides important longitudinal evidence that PO may promote some aspects of psychological adaptation among generally healthy community-dwelling older adults by moderating age-related declines in psychological adaptation later in life. It also highlights differences in psychological responses to animal assisted interventions in residents of care facilities from changes during the life-courses of generally healthy community-residing older adults.

IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE: A STRATEGY FOR ADDRESSING HEALTH EQUITY AMONG RACIALLY DIVERSE OLDER ADULTS

Abstract Objective Implementation science as a strategy for helping diverse populations of older adults address barriers to mental treatment, has become increasingly important since COVID19. This paper disseminates information about the results of an interdisciplinary intervention that tailored mental health services to racially and ethnically diverse community-dwelling older adults. Method: An interdisciplinary team of researchers (MD, APRN, MSW) performed an intervention that consisted of weekly visits to the community and provided diagnostic, triage, and psychosocial services to older adults. Evaluation of the intervention included data collected at baseline and three-month follow-up visits. Results 350 elderly residents received mental health screening with some assessment of physical health and well-being. The number of visits per resident during the intervention phase, ranged from 1 to 11, with an average of 3. Tailoring the intervention to the specific cultural needs of the participants led to the development of a weekly community engagement group for monolingual Spanish-speaking residents and others. 49% of those receiving the intervention, self-reported their race and/or ethnicity as African American or Caribbean, 43% were Latino, and 8% were Caucasian, all of whom self-referred as participants in this health service outreach program. Initial evaluations resulted in referral to community providers (60%), team case management (20%), or no services needed (20%). Conclusion Research studies designed to have positive impacts on older adults that have been historically underrepresented in health services research may improve its effectiveness by tailoring processes to be community informed and culturally responsive to structural and system barriers to treatment.

DAILY STRESS PROCESSES, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND SLEEP IN OLDER ADULTHOOD

Abstract Older adults who engage in healthy behaviors such as being physically active and sleeping well report lower levels of stress. Less is known about the links between exposure and reactivity to stressful events in daily life and their relationship with physical activity and sleep. The current study examined within-person associations between daily physical activity, sleep, and exposure and affective reactivity to naturally occurring interpersonal stressors. Older adults (N = 180) from the Daily Experiences and Well-being Study completed ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) every 3 hours for 5-6 days where they reported negative affect throughout the day and interpersonal tensions at the end of the day. They also reported their nightly sleep quality and wore Actical accelerometers to capture physical activity. Older adults reported greater numbers of stressors on days when they spent less time being sedentary and engaged in more light physical activity. On days when older adults experienced more stressors, they reported higher levels of negative affect, but this association was attenuated when they were more physically active that day. Additionally, older adults reported lower sleep quality the night after they reported higher numbers of stressors. These findings underscore the importance of assessing physical activity, sleep and stressful events in daily life and have implications for both physical and psychological well-being.