Assessment Of Suicide Risk Scale Research Articles

Factors associated with a high level of suicide risk among patients with late-life depression: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Guangzhou China

BackgroundAs global aging accelerates, depression among the elderly becomes more common. Research had revealed that patients with late-life depression (LLD) face a higher risk of suicide compared to their counterparts in other age groups, with the pathways to suicide being multifaceted. Thus, investigating the various factors linked to the elevated risk of suicide in patients with LLD is critical.ObjectiveTo investigate the factors associated with a high level of suicide risk among patients with LLD.MethodsA total of 108 patients with LLD were recruited for this study. From October 2022 to November 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with LLD from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Suicide risk was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Nurses’ Global Assessment of Suicide Risk Scale (NGASR). Potential influencing factors were included and analyzed through multivariate linear regression to identify the factors associated with a high level of suicide risk among patients with LLD.ResultsThe mean NGASR score among patients with LLD was 7.30 ± 4.34 (range: 0 ~ 19). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that depression-anxiety of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) (β = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.45, p<0.001), activation of the BPRS (β=-0.29, 95% CI=-1.22, -0.35, p<0.001), normal cognitive function of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (β = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.50, 3.48, p<0.05), involuntary admission (β = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.44, 3.43, p<0.05), and objective support of the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) (β = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.66, p<0.05) were statistically associated with a high level of suicide risk in patients with LLD.ConclusionThis study found that LLD patients with severe depression-anxiety, low activation, normal cognitive function, involuntary admission, and strong objective support exhibited a high level of suicide risk. These patients should receive intensified monitoring and comprehensive measures should be implemented to prevent the occurrence of suicidal behaviors during hospitalization.

Validation of the Spanish Version of the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk Scale (NGAR) in Nonclinical Settings.

To validate the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR) in Spanish for an early detection identification of the risk of suicide. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used for this work through face-to-face clinical interviews with each participant. Following EQUATOR TRIPOD checklist, the index was translated and administered to a sample of 30 mental health experts and 151 university students. To examine the psychometric properties of the NGASR, the questionnaires also included other standardised scales such as BDI, SBQ and SEEQ. The research was conducted between 2022 and 2023. The content validity index-scale (CVI-S) was 81% and the NGASR presented high reliability with a Kuder-Richardson coefficient of 0.83. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) returned a six-factor structure for the NGASR items. The results showed that 21.7% of the students assessed had an intermediate to very high suicide risk. This study also revealed that people with mental health problems and depression had a higher risk of suicide. Beyond the sociolinguistic Spanish validation of the scale, it should be noted that it is carried out on a young population in a nonclinical environment, something that many authors have been requesting in their previous validations. The NGASR is a useful prevention tool in university educational settings.

Clinical and Psychological Characteristics of Patients after First-Episode Psychosis with Cognitive, Emotional, and Volitional Deficiencies: Comparative Analysis

This research featured 139 patients (60 men, 79 women) after the first-episode psychosis. All patients demonstrated cognitive and/or emotional deficiency. The research objective was to compare clinical, sociodemographic, psychosocial, and individual characteristics. The expert clinical assessment revealed three groups. Group I included 29 patients with negative symptoms in the cognitive sphere; group II consisted of 46 people with negative symptoms in the emotional and volitional sphere; group III included 64 people with no pronounced deficiencies. The authors employed the method of clinical psychological interview and various pathopsychological non-standard methods to study the cognitive activity of the patients. The list of psychometric methods included the Beck’s Depression Inventory, a coping behavior questionnaire, a short version of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and the Suicide Risk Assessment Scale. The data obtained were processed using SPSS v. 25.0 and Excel 2010. The three groups demonstrated the following statistically significant differences: diagnosis, critical attitude to one’s own condition, and continuity of psychiatric care (clinical characteristics); social adaptation problems (psychosocial characteristics); association and motivation (cognitive activity); suicidal risk (emotions, personality, and behavior). The MMPI and the coping behavior test also showed differences from the test norm, as well as between the groups. A comparative analysis of clinical and psychological characteristics in patients after the first-episode psychosis makes it possible to develop a correct psychorehabilitation program, prevent deficit symptoms, and improve social functioning.

Chronic kidney disease duration and suicide risk among maintenance hemodialysis patients in China.

Our aim was to investigate the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) duration and suicide risk among maintenance hemodialysis patients in China. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who received MHD were enrolled. The demographic and disease characteristics of MHD patients were collected using a self-designed basic information questionnaire. The Suicide Risk Assessment Scale was used to assess suicide risk. A total of 543 (40.8%) patients had suicide risk with Nurses' Global Assessment Scale for Suicide Risk scores ranging from 1 to 19 points. After adjusting for age, gender, disease conditions and mental state, the odds ratios of different CKD duration for suicide risk were 1.00, 2.02, 3.03 and 2.71, respectively (P for trend <.001). There were significant interactions between CKD duration and ESRD duration in relation to suicide risk (P for interaction <.001). There were also interactions between CKD duration and hemodialysis treatment duration, and suicide risk (P for interaction = .01). Patients with ESRD duration of ≤28 months or hemodialysis treatment duration of ≤24 months had the highest risk of suicide when the duration of CKD was 63-94 months, about 2-10 times higher than the other time groups. We found that CKD duration was associated with an increased risk of suicide in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China, independently of other risk factors. Early ESRD and maintenance hemodialysis were associated with suicide in CKD patients.

ОЦЕНКА РИСКА СУИЦИДА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С БИПОЛЯРНЫМ АФФЕКТИВНЫМ РАССТРОЙСТВОМ, ОСЛОЖНЕННЫМ СИНДРОМОМ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ КАННАБИНОИДОВ И АЛКОГОЛЯ

For this study, 157 patients with a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder complicated by plant cannabinoids and alcohol addiction syndrome were selected in order to assess the risk of suicide. The mean age of the patients was 34 ± 4 years. The study was performed twice with an interval of 6 months. Research methods: clinical interview, suicide risk assessment scale (The Sad Persons Scale). The data obtained show that the use of plant cannabinoids and alcohol aggravate the course of bipolar affective disorder, in particular, significantly increase the risk of suicide in this group of patients over a short time interval (6 months). A high degree of suicidal risk in the primary study was determined in 2% of cases, in the study conducted 6 months later, – a high degree of suicidal risk was determined in 13% of cases which required the appointment of higher doses of maintenance therapy, and the development and active implementation of a complex of psychopharmacological rehabilitation programs for patients in this group.

Alexithymia and related factors among patients with epilepsy

ObjectiveAlexithymia is a psychiatric symptom characterized by difficulties in emotion recognition, expression, and regulation. The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence of alexithymia among patients with epilepsy (PWE) and related factors. MethodsBy the means of a cross-sectional study, we consecutively recruited PWE who visited the First Hospital of Jilin University. The demographical information and clinical data were collected. Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Kilifi Stigma Scale for Epilepsy (KSSE), Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk scale (NGASR) scales were applied to assess alexithymia, emotion regulation strategies, and the presence of comorbid psychiatric symptoms. ResultsA total of 203 PWE were included. The differences in education, monthly per capita income of the family, and the number of antiepileptic drugs were statistically significant among these three groups with alexithymia, possible alexithymia, and non-alexithymia (p < 0.05). Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 scores were significantly and positively correlated with BMI (rho = 0.143, p = 0.042). Expression suppression, stigma, and generalized anxiety were independent risk factors for alexithymia (R2 = 0.471, F = 19.075, p < 0.001). ConclusionsA high prevalence of alexithymia (18.7%) was found in PWE. Alexithymia is primarily influenced by the emotional regulation strategies, anxiety, and stigma among PWE. It tends to be a mood symptom or personality trait rather than a direct result of epilepsy.

Mental health, suicide attempt, and family function for adolescents' primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background:The study's purpose was to identify associations between mental health risk, suicide attempts, and family function. Methods:A correlational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of adolescents in the last grade of secondary school to establish the association between mental health risk, suicide attempt, and family functionality. The instruments used were the self-report questionnaire, the suicide risk assessment scale, and the family APGAR. Data analysis was performed using the artificial intelligence algorithm (gower clustering). Results:246 adolescents responded to the three instruments, which made it possible to select those with correlations of sensitive interest and, based on these, an intervention plan. Psychological distress was found in 28%, psychotic symptoms in 85%, and problematic alcohol use in 9%. Good family functioning was identified in 34% and some type of family dysfunction in 66%. In terms of suicide risk, there was a low suicide risk of 74%, 24% medium risk, and 2% high risk. It could be shown that there is a correlation in a group of 15% of the respondents. Conclusions:The risk of suffering mental health deterioration and the suicide risk, during this pandemic period, seems to be related to family functionality.

Transcultural Adaptation of and Theoretical Validation Models for the Spanish Version of the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk Scale: Protocol for a Multicenter Cross-sectional Study.

BackgroundThe use of validated instruments means providing health professionals with reliable and valid tools. The Nurses’ Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR) scale has proven to be valid and reliable in supporting the nursing evaluation of suicide risk in different languages and cultural environments.ObjectiveThe aims of our study are to translate and adapt the NGASR scale for the Spanish population and evaluate its psychometric properties in patients with suicide risk factors.MethodsThe translation, adaptation, and modeling of the tool will be performed. The sample will include 165 participants. The psychometric analysis will include reliability and validity tests of the tool’s internal structure. The tool’s reliability will be assessed by exploring internal consistency and calculating the Cronbach α coefficient; significance values of .70 or higher will be accepted as indicators of good internal consistency. The underlying factor structure of the Spanish version of the NGASR scale will be assessed by performing an exploratory factor analysis. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sample adequacy and the Bartlett sphericity statistic will be calculated beforehand. For the latter, if P is <.05 for the null hypothesis of sphericity, the null hypothesis will be rejected.ResultsParticipants will be recruited between April 2022 and December 2022. Our study is expected to conclude in the first quarter of 2023.ConclusionsWe hope to find the same firmness that colleagues have found in other countries in order to consolidate and promote the use of the NGASR tool in the Spanish population. The prevention and treatment of suicidal behavior require holistic, multidisciplinary, and comprehensive management.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/39482

Mental health, suicide attempt, and family function for adolescents' primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The study's purpose was to identify associations between mental health risk, suicide attempts, and family function. Methods: A correlational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of adolescents in the last grade of secondary school to establish the association between mental health risk, suicide attempt, and family functionality. The instruments used were the self-report questionnaire, the suicide risk assessment scale, and the family APGAR. Data analysis was performed using the artificial intelligence algorithm (gower clustering). Results: 246 adolescents responded to the three instruments, which made it possible to select those with correlations of sensitive interest and, based on these, an intervention plan. Psychological distress was found in 28%, psychotic symptoms in 85%, and problematic alcohol use in 9%. Good family functioning was identified in 34% and some type of family dysfunction in 66%. In terms of suicide risk, there was a low suicide risk of 74%, 24% medium risk, and 2% high risk. It could be shown that there is a correlation in a group of 15% of the respondents. Conclusions: The risk of suffering mental health deterioration and the suicide risk, during this pandemic period, seems to be related to family functionality.

A Study to Assess the Suicide Risk of Patients Admitted in t Psychiatric Ward with a View to Develop a Guideline for Staff Nurses on the Nursing Care of Patients with Suicide Risk, in a Tertiary Hospital, Kochi

Background: Everyone in the mental health system may be at one time or the other, at risk for self harm and suicide. This study was done to assess the suicidal risk of patients who are admitted in psychiatric ward of a tertiary care hospital at Kochi, Kerala and to develop a guidelines for suicidal prevention for staff nurses. Materials and Methods: The research design adopted for this study was non-experimental descriptive design. The sample for the present study consisted of 30 patients who are admitted in psychiatry ward of Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi. The sampling technique used is convenience sampling. The researchers developed a suicide risk assessment scale. The validity and reliability of the tool was tested. The method used in this study was interview with structured questionnaire. Result: Results shown that 100% did not have suicidal plan as such, but 13.3% of them had death wishes. Majority of the subjects i.e 96.6% had symptoms such as guilt, hopelessness, helplessness, shame, impaired problem solving. In 69%of the subjects there were more than 4 symptoms, 90% of the subjects had significant life events such as financial loss, loss of loved one, love failure, failure in examination, majority of them i.e 74.1% had at least 2 events. History of suicide attempt is seen only in 6.7% of the subjects, 93.3% of them didn’t have any such attempts. Moreover 16.7% of them have family history of suicide and 83,3% of them didn’t have any significant history. There was a significant association between suicidal risk and educational level. Conclusion: Many patients had expressed the depressive symptoms and also it has been observed that there was a significant association between suicidal risk and educational level. A guideline for suicidal prevention has been distributed to all staff nurses working in the psychiatric ward after getting validated from experts. Keywords: Suicidal risk, Staff nurses guidelines, psychiatric patients, nursing care of suicidal risk.

Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR) scale.

People with mental disorders have higher risk of suicide compared to the general population. Assessment of risk factors can help nurses reducing suicidal risk. The Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk scale (NGASR) has proven valid and reliable in supporting the nursing evaluation of suicidal risk in different studies. The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the NGASR in the Italian population. We translated the scale and administered it to a sample of 121 patients admitted to acute psychiatric wards. The Content Validity Index-Scale (CVI-S) was 96.7%, the correlation with the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) score was high (r=.98, p<.001). Inter-rater reliability (rho=.97, p<.001), and test-retest stability (p=.96) were satisfactory. Factor analysis pointed out 5 factors and the 15 items of the NGASR-ita explained 61.29% of total variance. Of the 121 subjects assessed upon admission, 25.62% had average or higher suicidal risk. The use of valid screening tools in support of Suicide risk assessment is recommended. The NGASR-ita is a valid and reliable tool, suitable for nursing assessment of suicidal risk in the acute psychiatric setting.

Reliability and validity of the retranslated China version of Nurses′Global Assessment of Suicide Risk scale

Objective To retranslate the Nurses′ Global Assessment of Suicide Risk scale(NGASR) into Chinese, and then to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of NGASR. Methods Standard forward-back translation techniques and Chinese cultural adaptation were used in the translation of the NGASR according to the Brislin translation model and then Chinese cultural adapted The reliability and validity of Chinese version of NGASR were tested in 209 psychiatric inpatients who were admitted to hospital into two days. Results The contents were obtained between the Chinese cultural adapted version and original scale. The internal consistency reliability is 0.878 which was showed by KR20, The spearman correlation coefficient was 0.90 (P<0.01) which was represented the intraobserver reliability. Five factors were abstracted by exploratory factor analysis, which could explain 57% of the total variance. The spearman correlation coefficient with Beck Hopelessness Scale (BSS) and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-Chinese Version (BSI-CV) were 0.50 and 0.37 (P<0.01). Conclusion The China version of NGASR demonstrates good reliability and content validity, which can be used to assess suicide inpatients with psychiatric in China. Key words: Retranslation; Reliability; Validity; Risk assessment

Predicting suicide with the SAD PERSONS scale.

Suicide is a major public health issue, and a priority requirement is accurately identifying high-risk individuals. The SAD PERSONS suicide risk assessment scale is widely implemented in clinical settings despite limited supporting evidence. This article aims to determine the ability of the SAD PERSONS scale (SPS) to predict future suicide in the emergency department. Five thousand four hundred sixty-two consecutive adults were seen by psychiatry consultation teams in two tertiary emergency departments with linkage to population-based administrative data to determine suicide deaths within 6 months, 1, and 5 years. Seventy-seven (1.4%) individuals died by suicide during the study period. When predicting suicide at 12 months, medium- and high-risk scores on SPS had a sensitivity of 49% and a specificity of 60%; the positive and negative predictive values were 0.9 and 99%, respectively. Half of the suicides at both 6- and 12-month intervals were classified as low risk by SPS at index visit. The area under the curve at 12 months for the Modified SPS was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] range 0.51-0.67). High-risk scores (compared to low risk) were significantly associated with death by suicide over the 5-year study period using the SPS (hazard ratio 2.49; 95% CI 1.34-4.61) and modified version (hazard ratio 2.29; 95% CI 1.24-2.29). Although widely used in educational and clinical settings, these findings do not support the use of the SPS and Modified SPS to predict suicide in adults seen by psychiatric services in the emergency department.

Predictors of a suicidal behavior in patients with dementia

IntroductionCognitive disorders are associated with a wide range of psychopathological syndromes and behavioral disorders, and suicidal manifestations in dementia are understudied nowadays.ObjectivesTo investigate clinical-psychopathological predictors of a suicidal behavior in patients with dementia.MethodologyForty-four patients with dementia were examined: 23 patients with suicidal manifestations and 21 patients without them (control group). Clinical and psychometrical methods were used: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale; Assessment of Suicide Risk scale; Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS), and statistical ones.ResultsIt was determined that male patients with dementia had suicidal behavioral manifestations more often than female patients (69.6%; P &lt; 0.05). An average age of the patients was 69.88 ± 1.85 years with no significant difference between the main and control groups.The majority of the patients with dementia (52.3%) had suicidal manifestations. Real suicidal intentions were the most frequent (25%; P &lt; 0.05); 20.5% of patients expressed passive thoughts (anti-vital sentences, fantasies, ideas concerning death); 2 patients (6.82%; P &lt; 0.05) had suicidal attempts. Patients with suicidal tendencies in their clinical picture more often had hallucinatory syndrome (39.1%; P &lt; 0.05); features of severe depression (35.04 ± 1.54 points; P &lt; 0.01); a high level of suicidal risk (26.34 ± 1.68 points; P &lt; 0.01); a severe cognitive deficit (ММSE score 0–10); and a significantly lower level of self-awareness of death (18.53 ± 0.72 points; P &lt; 0.05) in comparison with the control group.ConclusionsA high suicide risk in dementia correlated with a level of depressive symptoms (r = 0.6), moderate and/or severe grades of dementia (r = 0.45), and a low level of self-awareness of death (r = 0.35).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Suicide risk assessment in the elderly

ObjectivesTo assess suicide risk in elderly psychiatric outpatients and to identify potential suicide risk factors in this population.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, including 50 psychiatric outpatients, aged 65 years or more and attending the Hédi Chaker University Hospital, in Sfax (Tunisia), between November and December 2015. We used a hetero questionnaire including epidemiological and clinical data and three scales: the Suicidal Risk Assessment Scale of Ducher (RSD), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).ResultsThe sex ratio (M/F) was 1. The average age of patients was 68.62 years. The majority of them were married (68%), unemployed (98%), living in urban area (58%) and within their family (88%); they had at most a primary degree (80%) and a low socioeconomic level (74%).The prevalence of patients at risk of suicide (RSD ≥ 3) was 26%. This risk was high (RSD ≥ 7) in 18% of cases.The presence of suicidal ideation (RSD ≥ 3) was correlated with: a family history of suicide attempt (58.3% vs. 15.8%; P = 0.003), a personal history of suicide attempt (80% vs. 12.5%; P &lt; 0.001), depressive symptoms (HAD-D ≥ 11) (36.7% vs. 10%; P = 0.05) and anxiety (HAD-A ≥ 11) (52.4% vs. 6.9%; P = 0.001).ConclusionOur study showed that among older psychiatric outpatients, one in four had suicidal thoughts. This high rate encourages us to search systematically these suicidal thoughts in this population, especially in patients with risk factors such as a family history of suicide attempt, depressive or anxious symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Inter-rater reliability of the German version of the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk scale.

In comparison to the general population, the suicide rates of psychiatric inpatient populations in Germany and Switzerland are very high. An important preventive contribution to the lowering of the suicide rates in mental health care is to ensure that the risk of suicide of psychiatric inpatients is assessed as accurately as possible. While risk-assessment instruments can serve an important function in determining such risk, very few have been translated to German. Therefore, in the present study, we reported on the German version of Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR) scale. After translating the original instrument into German and pretesting the German version, we tested the inter-rater reliability of the instrument. Twelve video case studies were evaluated by 13 raters with the NGASR scale in a 'laboratory' trial. In each case, the observer's agreement was calculated for the single items, the overall scale, the risk levels, and the sum scores. The statistical data analysis was conducted with kappa and AC1 statistics for dichotomous (items, scale) scales. A high-to-very high observers' agreement (AC1: 0.62-1.00, kappa: 0.00-1.00) was determined for 16 items of the German version of the NGASR scale. We conclude that the German version of the NGASR scale is a reliable instrument for evaluating risk factors for suicide. A reliable application in the clinical practise appears to be enhanced by training in the use of the instrument and the right implementation instructions.

Suicide et évaluation. Revue des outils disponibles en français : approche non dimensionnelle et autoquestionnaires

Suicide prevention represents a major challenge to public health, and the suicide risk is a permanent concern in psychiatry. But the main difficulty is its diagnosis. What resources are available in French which seem to help therapists in this process? We can distinguish the non-dimensional approach, the use of self-administered questionnaires or interviewer-administrated questionnaires. In this paper, for reasons of editing constraints, we are interested only in a non-dimensional approach and direct assessment measures by self-assessment, analysing the strengths and limitations of each and taking into account scientific studies that have been devoted to them and their clinical relevance. We first considered various aspects of non-dimensional approach through suicidal risk factors research, suicidal emergency and suicidal potential concepts, Shea approach, the model of Mann and some recommended evaluations. This type of approach has a number of advantages, but also limitations. Dimensional approach allows going further. In this article, we also discuss the existing self-assessment tools in French as for example dedicated item for Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) or specific scales such as Reasons for Living Inventory (RFL), Suicidal Probability Scale (SPS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and self-administered Suicide Risk Assessment Scale of Ducher (aRSD). These last two seem to be used as a priority regarding result of their validation studies. The strong correlation between the self-administered questionnaire aRSD and the interviewer-administered Suicide Risk Assessment Scale of Ducher RSD (r=0.92; P<10−7) shows the ability of patients to express their suicidal ideation if we want to invite them to do so.

Influence of Sex on Suicidal Phenotypes in Affective Disorder Patients with Traumatic Childhood Experiences.

ObjectivesIn the current study, we aimed to investigate the impact of childhood trauma on suicidal behaviour phenotypes in a group of patients with diagnosed affective disorder (unipolar or bipolar affective disorder).Patients and MethodsPatients with and without a history of childhood abuse, measured by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), were assessed to explore risks for suicidal behaviour (including suicide attempt, self-harm and non-suicidal self-injury). The tested sample consisted of 258 patients (111 males and 147 females, in-patients and out-patients at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Tulln, Lower Austria). Psychiatric diagnoses were derived from the SCAN (Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry) interview. In addition, patients were administered the Lifetime Parasuicidal Count (LPC), Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQ-R), and Viennese Suicide Risk Assessment Scale (VISURIAS) questionnaires.ResultsIn contrast to male suicide attempters, female suicide attempters showed both significantly higher total CTQ scores (p<0.001), and higher CTQ subscores (emotional, physical and sexual abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect) in comparison to the non-suicidal control group. Besides, females with a history of self-harming behaviour (including suicidal intention) and Non-Suicidal-Self Injury (NSSI) had significantly higher CTQ total scores (p<0.001) than the control group.ConclusionThese findings suggest gender differences in suicidal behaviour after being exposed to childhood trauma.

Suicide Risk Factors in Patients with Depression

Introduction Major depression is associated with high risk of suicide. But it remains controversial whether the risk is higher in bipolar depression or unipolar one. Objectives 1. To identify social, clinical and temperamental factors associated with high suicide risk among patients with unipolar or bipolar depression. 2. To compare suicide risk in the two groups. Methods This cross-sectional study, in progress, is conducted on psychiatric outpatients in the University Hospital, in Sfax (Tunisia). We include subjects with major depressive episode in the context of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder. We use the Arabic version of the full-scale TEMPS-A auto-questionnaire and the suicidal risk assessment scale (RSD). Preliminary Results A total of 28 depressive patients were included. Compared to unipolar patients (20), bipolar patients (8) had more frequent previous suicide attempts (25% vs 10%) and had a higher suicide risk (50% vs 25%). Among high-risk suicidal patients (16/28), 62.5% were males. The main stressful life events were: school failure (66.7%), early grief (55.6%) and family violence (44.4%). Psychotic and atypical features were found in 33.3% and 55.6%, respectively. Comorbidity with personality disorder was noted in 44.4% and with anxiety disorders in 22.2%. Cyclothymic (44.4%) and irritable (33.3%) temperaments were the most common. Conclusion Our results meet those of the literature. Suicide risk is associated with male gender and traumatic events in childhood. Bipolar depression, psychotic features, affective temperaments, as well as personality disorders, and anxiety increase this risk. Attention should be paid to all these factors in depressed patients.

2881 – The interpersonal theory of suicide: a french version of the interpersonal needs questionnaire

The role of social factors in suicidal behaviour is long established. There is growing evidence supporting the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS), as developed by Joiner et al., which postulates that two psychological dimensions linked to thwarted fundamental interpersonal needs, perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness are linked to the onset of suicidal desire. The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) has been designed to assess those dimensions for use in research on the aetiology of suicidal behaviour and as a component of risk assessment in clinical settings. There is currently no available French version. Our objective was to provide a French adaptation of the INQ. We translated the INQ, and then examined the construct validity of INQ-F in a clinical setting. The INQ was translated and administered to 50 patients admitted for suicide attempt or suicidal ideation. Scales with validated French versions were used to assess the following dimensions: suicide risk (Ducher Suicide Risk Assessment Scale (RSD), depression (BDI-SF and MADRS), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and social vulnerability (EPICES). INQ-F was significantly correlated with suicide risk (rho= .737, p < .001), depression, hopelessness and social isolation. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = .9137). Our results support the construct validity of the INQ-F, although complementary studies are needed to further establish it, as well as the relevance of the ITS for suicide risk assessment in clinical settings.