Clinical and Psychological Characteristics of Patients after First-Episode Psychosis with Cognitive, Emotional, and Volitional Deficiencies: Comparative Analysis

Abstract

This research featured 139 patients (60 men, 79 women) after the first-episode psychosis. All patients demonstrated cognitive and/or emotional deficiency. The research objective was to compare clinical, sociodemographic, psychosocial, and individual characteristics. The expert clinical assessment revealed three groups. Group I included 29 patients with negative symptoms in the cognitive sphere; group II consisted of 46 people with negative symptoms in the emotional and volitional sphere; group III included 64 people with no pronounced deficiencies. The authors employed the method of clinical psychological interview and various pathopsychological non-standard methods to study the cognitive activity of the patients. The list of psychometric methods included the Beck’s Depression Inventory, a coping behavior questionnaire, a short version of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and the Suicide Risk Assessment Scale. The data obtained were processed using SPSS v. 25.0 and Excel 2010. The three groups demonstrated the following statistically significant differences: diagnosis, critical attitude to one’s own condition, and continuity of psychiatric care (clinical characteristics); social adaptation problems (psychosocial characteristics); association and motivation (cognitive activity); suicidal risk (emotions, personality, and behavior). The MMPI and the coping behavior test also showed differences from the test norm, as well as between the groups. A comparative analysis of clinical and psychological characteristics in patients after the first-episode psychosis makes it possible to develop a correct psychorehabilitation program, prevent deficit symptoms, and improve social functioning.