Assessment Of Physiologic Age Research Articles

Assessment of physiological age and antioxidant status of new somatic hybrid potato seeds during extended cold storage

Yield components of potato are largely affected by the physiology age of the tuber seeds at planting. The current study focuses on monitoring seed tuber aging in two CN1 and CN2 somatic hybrid lines and Spunta (Sp) variety during 270 days of storage at 4 °C. Aging rate was monitored based on sprouting, emergence and tissue oxidation rates. Investigation of sprouting parameters such as physiological age index (PAI) considering physiological and chronological age and the incubation period (IP) indicated lower physiological age in hybrids than in Sp during the storage. Moreover, these analyses showed that off-seasonal growing conditions increased the aging, more clearly, in Sp tubers than in hybrid ones. However, dormancy periods (endodormancy and after storage dormancy) were equivalent in the different tuber lots. PAI and IP data when combined with those from emergence parameters (duration until emergence and stem number) seem more efficient for the characterization of the different potato lines. However, emergence indicators, when considered separately, were not able to distinguish clearly between seasonal and off-seasonal tubers. Data suggest that hybrid seeds exhibited high performances since they produced higher stem number per plant than Sp. The high aging rate in Sp tubers seems to be associated with the few developed stems. Biochemical analyses supported in part morphophysiological differences between hybrids and Sp seeds although these indicators seem more sensitive to aging. Indeed data showed that the dormancy break, and then, the development were associated with some level of tissue oxidation. Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and carotenoids seem more enhanced after the release of dormancy. However, induction of these activities started earlier in off-seasonal tubers than in seasonal ones, this was consistent with their advanced aging level revealed by PAI and IP data. Activation of these antioxidants appears to respond effectively to the increase of ROS suggesting a better control of postharvest development and tissue deterioration especially in CN2 off-seasonal tubers. This study suggests that CN2 followed by CN1 exhibited the best performance compared to Sp variety.

The effect of age on microsurgical free flap outcomes: An analysis of 5,951 cases.

The growing elderly population necessitates a greater number of aging patients requiring complex reconstructive surgery involving free tissue transfer. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of microsurgical free tissue transfer in elderly patients using a national multi-institutional database. We performed a retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database to identify patients undergoing free tissue transfer. We stratified cohorts based on ages 18-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and 80+ years and analyzed primary outcomes of surgical complications, medical complications, mortality, and flap failure. A total of 5,951 patients were identified for inclusion in the analysis. Univariate analysis demonstrated progressively increasing surgical (P = .001) and medical (P < .001) complication rates with increasing age. After controlling for confounding variables, age was not significantly associated with rates of surgical (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99-1.01, P = .737) or medical (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.03, P = .209) complications, flap failure (OR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00-1.02, P = .689), or reoperation (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03, P = 0.165). Factors associated with surgical complications included BMI (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.05, P = .031), prolonged operative time (OR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000-1.002, P = .002), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of 3 or greater (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.17-2.23, P = .003), and prolonged hospitalization (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.04, P < .001). ASA classification of 3 or greater (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.48-4.45, P = .001), renal history (OR 10.13, 95% CI 1.57-65.55, P = .015), and prolonged hospitalization (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.08, P < .001) were associated with medical complications. Age was associated with increased mortality (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.13, P = .048). Age alone should not be used as an absolute or even relative contraindication in patient assessment. Rather, preoperative assessment should focus on comorbidities and assessment of physiologic age instead of chronologic age. Optimization of these comorbidities is key to sustaining favorable outcomes in microsurgical free flap reconstruction in the elderly population.

Palliative Care of Cancer in the Older Patient.

The scope of palliative care includes goal setting, symptom management, and care of the care giver. Palliative care is essential for patient-centered care of the older cancer patients. The diversity of this population in terms of life expectancy, treatment tolerance, function, disability, and social support mandates personalized treatment plans. The assessment of physiologic age is currently based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). A number of biologic markers of aging including the inflammatory index, the genomic clock, the expression of p16INKa4, and the circulating levels of vitamin D may complement the CGA and fine-tune the determination of physiologic age. Goal setting in older patients may be complicated by communication difficulties related to hearing, cognition, expectation, and culture. Cancer-related pain is a major hindrance to the maintenance of functional independence and fatigue is harbinger of disability and death. The article explores the assessment and the management of the most common and debilitating symptoms in older cancer patients.

Morphological Features of the Ovaries During Oogenesis of the Oriental Fruit Fly,Bactrocera dorsalis, in Relation to the Physiological State

Determination of physiological state in insects is useful in furthering the understanding of how insect behavior changes with age. Central to this determination is the identification of characters that allow assessment of physiological age. While non-destructive measures produce the most desired outcomes, internal markers may be more diagnostic and reliable. In this study, key morphological characters during previtellogenesis through vitellogenesis and ovulation were assessed as markers to determine physiological states of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Ovary length and width, ovarian index (length × width), and egg load of laboratory-reared B. dorsalis females recorded daily from eclosion up to 80 days old suggested significant differences in the ovarian index and egg load between females from each oogenesis stage. Parity status determined by the presence of follicular relics was found to provide high-accuracy classifications for B. dorsalis females. The presence of follicular relics with distinct morphological features provides a reliable identification tool to determine the physiological state of wild female oriental fruit fly. The potential applications of this technique to identify the physiological age of female fruit flies to study behavioral attributes in their natural habitat, and also the potential applications in relation to field control, are discussed.

Haematological support, fatigue and elderly patients

Abstract As the median age of the global population rises, the incidence of cancer is also set to increase, leading to a growing elderly population with cancer. Despite this trend, older patients have traditionally been under-represented in the majority of oncology trials. This is largely due to their heterogeneous nature and extended medical histories that have the potential to hinder treatment. Indeed, it is widely recommended that patients' suitability for a given treatment should not be based on age alone, but rather by an assessment of physiological age on an individual basis. As evidence grows that existing therapies, such as chemotherapy, can be suitable for older patients, the management of these patients has become of increasing importance to oncologists. In particular, the management of haematological toxicities and their effects may be key to achieving optimal clinical outcomes among patients undergoing chemotherapy. Using two of the most common haematological toxicities, anaemia and neutropenia, as examples, we explore current therapies for elderly patients with cancer, and discuss the future management of this growing patient population.

Treatment of elderly patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer

Every thoracic oncologist could be considered a geriatric oncologist as the median age of presentation with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer is 71 years. Subgroup analyses and population-based studies suggest similar benefits to treatment of the fit elderly compared with younger patients. In 2011, a Phase III trial demonstrated the superiority of doublet chemotherapy over single-agent therapy for the elderly. For elderly patients there has been sufficient time to fully express any genetic predispositions, and the cumulative wear and tear, including the effects of cigarette smoke, can degrade performance status and impair organ function, leading some older patients to be less fit. Comprehensive geriatric assessment can augment the standard examination in defining the strengths and weakness of the elderly patient who is considering chemotherapy. In the future, biochemical assessment of physiologic age may further aid this assessment.

Geriatric oncology field comes into its own

Geriatric oncology field comes into its own

Management of cancer in the elderly. Implications of the aging process.

Cancer is one of the most serious illnesses of the elderly. Screening programs focusing on its early detection in this age-group are needed to allow maximum opportunity for cure. Also important is convincing the older patients who smoke that stopping is still worthwhile. Compared with younger patients, the elderly have more intercurrent medical illnesses and are more likely to suffer from financial difficulties and loss of family support. These factors must be considered when managing these patients. Although age-imposed compromises in treatment are often made, available data suggest that a priori dose reduction of chemotherapy on the basis of age alone is not indicated in patients with solid tumors. Prospective clinical trials are needed to further address the issue of responsiveness to chemotherapy as a function of age. Such trials should include assessment of physiologic age and quality of life.

Assessment of physiologic age by combination of several criteria; vision, hearing, blood pressure, and muscle force.

Assessment of physiologic age by combination of several criteria; vision, hearing, blood pressure, and muscle force.