Assessment Of Maxillary Sinus Research Articles

Assessment of maxillary sinus in gender determination– A CBCT study

Introduction: Determination of gender is an important aspect of forensic odontology. CBCT measurement of maxillary sinuses can be useful in determination of gender. Aim: To assess the sexual dimorphism using dimensions of maxillary sinus in CBCT images. Objectives: 1) To determine whether there are morphological and morphometric variations among genders. 2) To assess which the most reliable predictor of sex among width, length & height. Materials and Method: The present study was conducted in Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Retrospectively 40 CBCT scans of bilateral maxillary sinus were retrieved from the database after excluding the subjects with pathologies of maxillary sinus like cyst, tumours and fractures and images with errors or artefacts obscuring maxillary sinus. Two independent observer measured three distances of the maxillary sinus (width, length, height) in axial and coronal view. Results: Parameters of Maxillary Sinus for male were greater than females. Width and height was better predictor than length with 60% accuracy than 50% accuracy for length. Conclusion: We suggest that CBCT measurement of Maxillary Sinus can be used as supplementary tool for gender determination in forensic science. Keywords: Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Gender, Maxillary Sinus

Sinus floor elevation or referral for further diagnosis and therapy: A comparison of maxillary sinus assessment by ENT specialists and dentists using cone beam computed tomography.

To compare ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists and dentists assessing health or pathology of maxillary sinuses using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Two ENT specialists and two oral surgeons assessed 100 CBCT datasets of healthy patients referred for dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla and decided on the possibility of sinus floor elevation or the necessity for further diagnostic examinations based solely on radiographic findings. Inter-rater agreements within the same specialty were calculated with Cohen's kappa and overall agreements with Fleiss kappa, and factors influencing the decisions taken were evaluated using regression analyses. The correlation between all four raters was generally fair to moderate. The intra-specialty comparison showed a lower correlation between dentists than between ENT specialists. Absence of membrane thickening and total or subtotal sinus opacification showed the highest predictive value for a consensus in favor of sinus floor elevation and ENT referral, respectively. Flat membrane thickening with an irregular surface morphology was associated with disagreement between the examiners. Dome-shaped membrane thickenings were often considered as to be referred by dentists but not by ENTs. The assessment of maxillary sinuses using CBCT imaging exhibited unsatisfactory agreement between ENT specialists and oral surgeons. Referral guidelines based on accidental CBCT findings that aim to diagnose relevant sinus pathologies early and avoid unnecessary diagnostics and/or therapies are needed, and an initial proposal for such recommendations is provided. Further research on correct interpretation of sinus findings and a validation of the present recommendations are required.

Cone beam computed tomography versus digital orthopantomography in sinus augmentation procedures: 2D versus 3D imaging

Context and Aim: Radiology as well as higher imaging modalities has their own advantages and disadvantages. The present study was designed to do a comparative analysis of the role of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and orthopantomography (OPG) for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation of treatment outcomes in implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures. Materials and Methods: Pre- and post-operative assessment of maxillary sinuses was done in 17 patients who underwent implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures using CBCT and OPG. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS statistics 20 (Chicago, USA). Paired and Unpaired t-tests were used to do a comparative analysis of the two modalities used. Results: There was a concordance between the treatment type based on pre- and post-operative CBCT assessments. The assessment of sinus morphology revealed a significantly higher detection rate of aberrations in the form of sinus mucosal hypertrophy and septae on CBCT which were imperceptible on orthopantomographs undermining the role of routine radiography in these procedures. The results obtained, also, revealed that vertical alveolar bone height could be measured more precisely with CBCT. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the above study, it could be concluded that CBCT increased the accuracy of both, the sinus morphology assessment as well as the estimation of gain in vertical alveolar bone height, in addition to bone density, which remains un-assessed by the conventional radiological techniques including OPG.

A comparative evaluation of the role of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging and orthopantomography (OPG) in sinus augmentation procedures: An original study

Background and Aim: Radiology and higher imaging modalities have their own advantages and disadvantages. The present study was designed to do a comparative analysis of the role of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and orthopantomography (OPG) for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation of treatment outcomes in implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures. Materials and Methods: Pre- and postoperative assessment of maxillary sinuses was done in 17 patients who underwent implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures using CBCT and OPG. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics 20 (Chicago, USA). Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to do a comparative analysis of the two modalities used. Results: There was a concordance between the treatment type based on pre- and postoperative CBCT assessments. The assessment of sinus morphology revealed a significantly higher detection rate of aberrations in the form of sinus mucosal hypertrophy and septa on CBCT which were imperceptible on orthopantomographs undermining the role of routine radiography in these procedures. The results obtained, also, revealed that vertical alveolar bone height could be measured more precisely with CBCT. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the above study, it could be concluded that CBCT increased the accuracy of both the sinus morphology assessment and the estimation of gain in vertical alveolar bone height, in addition to bone density, which remains unassessed by the conventional radiological techniques including OPG.

Cone-beam computed tomography versus orthopantomography in sinus lift procedures: Two-dimensional versus three-dimensional imaging

Context: The present study was undertaken to do a comparative evaluation of the role of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging and orthopantomography (OPG) for preoperative implant planning in combination with sinus grafting procedures to assess sinus anatomy and morphology and the existing bone height in three-dimensions (3D). Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess sinus anatomy and morphology and the existing bone height in all the 3D. Materials and Methods: Pre- and postoperative assessment of maxillary sinuses was done in 17 patients who underwent implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures using CBCT and OPG. These patients were subjected to orthopantomographs and CBCT imaging both preoperatively and postoperatively. CBCT imaging helped decide the type of sinus augmentation procedure best suited for the patients as per the individual needs and depending on the residual alveolar bone height, timing of implant placement, sinus morphology, anticipation of complication, and comparative analysis between pre- and postprocedural gain in vertical alveolar bone height and increase in bone density. Statistical Analysis Used: The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using paired and unpaired t-tests. Results: In the majority of cases, there was a concordance between the treatment types based on pre- and postoperative CBCT scans. The assessment of sinus morphology revealed a significantly higher detection rate of aberrations in the form of sinus mucosal hypertrophy and septae on CBCT which were imperceptible on routine radiographs. The most appealing result was that vertical alveolar bone height could be measured precisely, and there was a significant increase in surgical confidence and a significantly better prediction of complications when using CBCT imaging. Conclusions: A preoperative planning based on CBCT imaging seems to improve sinus diagnostics and helps execute a better treatment plan. Furthermore, it is a good tool for the comparison of vertical alveolar bone height pre- and postoperatively following sinus augmentation procedures using various graft materials.

A Comparative Evaluation Of The Role Of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Imaging And Orthopantomography (OPG) In Sinus Augmentation Procedures: An Original Study

Background and Aim: Radiology and higher imaging modalities have their own advantages and disadvantages. The present study was designed to do a comparative analysis of the role of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and orthopantomography (OPG) for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation of treatment outcomes in implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures. Materials and Methods: Pre- and postoperative assessment of maxillary sinuses was done in 17 patients who underwent implant therapy in combination with sinus augmentation procedures using CBCT and OPG. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics 20 (Chicago, USA). Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to do a comparative analysis of the two modalities used. Results: There was a concordance between the treatment type based on pre- and postoperative CBCT assessments. The assessment of sinus morphology revealed a significantly higher detection rate of aberrations in the form of sinus mucosal hypertrophy and septa on CBCT which were imperceptible on orthopantomographs undermining the role of routine radiography in these procedures. The results obtained, also, revealed that vertical alveolar bone height could be measured more precisely with CBCT. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the above study, it could be concluded that CBCT increased the accuracy of both the sinus morphology assessment and the estimation of gain in vertical alveolar bone height, in addition to bone density, which remains unassessed by the conventional radiological techniques including OPG.