Assessment Of Malnutrition In Patients Research Articles

Prediction model and assessment of malnutrition in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined with malnutrition results in decreased exercise capacity and a worse quality of life. We aimed to develop an observational case–control study to explore the effective and convenient method to identify potential individuals is lacking. This study included data from 251 patients with COPD and 85 participants in the control group. Parameters and body composition were compared between groups, and among patients with varied severity. The LASSO approach was employed to select the features for fitting a logistic model to predict the risk of malnutrition in patients with stable COPD. Patients with COPD exhibited significantly lower 6-min walk distance (6MWD), handgrip strength, fat-free mass index (FFMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and protein. The significant predictors identified following LASSO selection included 6MWD, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), GOLD grades, the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, and the prevalence of acute exacerbations. The risk score model yielded good accuracy (C-index, 0.866 [95% CI 0.824–0.909]) and calibration (Brier score = 0.150). After internal validation, the adjusted C-index and Brier score were 0.849, and 0.165, respectively. This model may provide primary physicians with a simple scoring system to identify malnourished patients with COPD and develop appropriate rehabilitation interventions.

Screening and assessment of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis.

The development and advancement of malnutrition is associated not only with the progression of hepatic dysfunction, but also with cirrhosis-related complications. However, the prevalence of malnutrition reported in different studies varies widely due to differences in diagnostic methods and patient investigation settings. Therefore, we need to identify malnourished patients promptly and accurately. The purpose of this review was to compare the validity and reliability of nutritional screening tools and to select the most appropriate nutritional risk screening for patients with cirrhosis. We compared nutritional risk screening tools such as the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) and Liver Disease Undernutrition Screening Tool (LDUST). Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) is more feasible to screen cirrhotic patients for nutritional risk, and is highly reproducible, considering the impact of sodium and water retention; so it is practical to screen cirrhotic patients via RFH-NPT for nutritional risk, subsequently, to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with nutritional risk via the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnostic criteria. L3-SMI (third lumbar-skeletal muscle index) can accurately define sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients and also be used for clinical nutritional status assessment.

Assessment of malnutrition in patients undergoing chemotherapy at the National Oncology Centre of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.

Globally, cancer is on the rise despite several interventions. The link between nutrition and cancer has long been established with the consequences of poor nutrition on cancer pathway being dire. Early nutrition intervention is recommended for all cancer patients. To assess malnutrition among patients undergoing chemotherapy at the National Radiotherapy Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Centre of the Korle-Bu Teaching hospital (KBTH) in Accra, Ghana. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 123 patients with different types and stages of cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy. Data was collected from December 2018 to January 2019. The PG-SGA tool was used to assess weight loss at one and six months, food intake and nutrition impact symptoms. A correlation test was used to test the association between PGSGA score and Nutritional triaging. A T-test was used to determine the association between chemotherapy cycles and nutrition. A p-value <0.05 was considered to be significant. The results revealed that 5.7% (n= 7) of the patients were well nourished, 31.7% (n= 39) were suspected of being malnourished and 62.6% (n=77) were severely malnourished. About half of the participants (48%) had experienced weight loss ranging between 1-20kg with weight loss ≤5kg being most prevalent at both one month and six months prior to the study. More than half (56.9%, n=70) of the participants were consuming less than their usual intake. Majority of the participants had 4-6 nutritional symptoms (39.0%) with symptoms being mostly mild (39.1%). Poor nutritional status was positively correlated with nutritional symptoms (r=0.747, p<0.001). The PGSGA tool identified that more than half of the patients were severely malnourished hence the need for early nutrition intervention in cancer patients.

Assessment of Malnutrition in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Assessment of Malnutrition in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Malnutrition assessment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects over 6.8 million people worldwide and is highly associated with the development of malnutrition. Malnutrition in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is often due to the following: decreased oral intake; food avoidance; side effects of medications; malabsorption; chronic enteric losses; altered anatomy from luminal surgery; and increased nutritional needs in the setting of active inflammation and a high catabolic state. Approximately 20%-80% of patients with IBD are estimated to be malnourished at some point during their disease course; this wide range is likely secondary to significant heterogeneity in the definition of malnutrition in the literature, and due to the lack of robust, validated tools to identify individuals who are malnourished. While malnutrition is traditionally thought of as under- nutrition or protein calorie malnutrition, there are other nutrition phenotypes of significance in patients with IBD including micronutrient deficiencies, sarcopenia and obesity (over-nutrition). Malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes in patients with IBD, including a high number of disease flares; impaired response to biologics; increased surgical complications; hospitalizations; and impaired quality of life, independent of disease activity. Given the significant prevalence of malnutrition, the impact it can have in patients with IBD, and its responsiveness to therapeutic interventions, it is crucial to accurately assess the nutritional status of patients at the time of diagnosis and regularly thereafter.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Identification of “Digital Sarcopenia” Can Aid the Detection of Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency and Malnutrition Assessment in Patients with Suspected Pancreatic Pathology

Background: Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) and subsequent malnutrition can be difficult to diagnose but lead to sarcopenia and increased mortality and morbidity even in benign disease. Digital skeletal muscle analysis has been increasingly recognised as a tool to diagnose sarcopenia. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with PEI secondary to benign disease using novel skeletal muscle recognition software. Methods: Prospective recruitment of patients referred for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with suspected pancreatic pathology. Patients with suspected pancreatic cancer on initial computed tomography (CT) were excluded. The diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) was based on CT and EUS findings. PEI was assessed with faecal elastase-1. Digital measurement of skeletal muscle mass identified sarcopenia, with demographic and comorbidity data also collected. Results: PEI was identified in 45.1% (46/102) of patients recruited, and 29.4% (30/102) had changes of CP. Sarcopenia was significantly more prevalent in PEI 67.4% (31/46) than no-PEI 37.5% (21/56) (37.5%), regardless of CP changes (p < 0.003). The prevalence of sarcopenia (67% vs. 35%; p = 0.02) and sarcopenic obesity (68.4% vs. 25%; p = 0.003) was significantly higher when PEI was present without a radiological diagnosis of CP. Multivariate analysis identified sarcopenia and diabetes to be independently associated with PEI (odds ratio 4.8 and 13.8, respectively, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sarcopenia was strongly associated with PEI in patients undergoing assessment for suspected benign pancreatic pathology. Digital skeletal muscle assessment can be used as a tool to aid identification of sarcopenia in patients undergoing CT scan for pancreatic symptoms.

Assessment of malnutrition in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

Background Malnutrition is the utmost predominant problem that arises in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Muscle wasting arises as a prevailing case, and so, it acts as a crucial indicator of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Patients and methods This study encompasses 175 participants for a period of 6 months. Graded questionnaires and clinical findings were used to assess nutritional status. Results The mean age was 49.26±13.35 years, and 73% were males. Mean serum albumin and hemoglobin levels were 2.78±0.75 and 9.01±1.60 g/dl, respectively. According to the National Kidney Foundation, 49.71% of participants were malnourished whose BMI was less than 20. The results of mini-nutritional assessment scores revealed that a greater number of patients were at risk of malnutrition (56.5%) and subjective global assessment scores showed a moderate risk (63.4%). On assessing the clinical findings, 96% were anemic, 90.2% were fatigue, 62.8% complained of headache, and 69.1% had anorexia. Conclusion It is necessary to have the right amount of nutrition each day as it boosts the quality of life and further research should pinpoint the management strategies to control malnutrition in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Clinical Assessment of Malnutrition in Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer During Chemotherapy: A Prospective Study

Background:: Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer and in many cases can result in shortened survival rate. More than 20% of cancer mortality can be attributed to the effects of malnutrition, rather than malignancy itself. Malnutrition results in poor response to treatment, increased length of hospital stay, immunodeficiency, reduced quality of life, and increased health care costs in patients with cancer. Objectives:: The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of patients with gastrointestinal cancer during chemotherapy. Patients and Methods:: In this study, 92 patients over the age of 18 who were referred to Valie-e-Asr hospital of Zanjan (since Apr, 2011 to Dec, 2011) were selected. Nutritional status of patients during 3 cycles of chemotherapy was assessed by a questionnaire. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA, using SPSS 16.0. Results:: There was a significant relationship between duration of treatment and the average of mid arm circumference (MAC) and body mass index (BMI). BMI can be considered as an anthropometric index which can be used to alarm the physicians about nutrition problems of the patient. Conclusions:: At the end of treatment, patients who survived had better nutritional statuses compared to the ones who passed away. During chemotherapy, malnutrition got worse in patients with metastatic esophageal cancer. Our findings show that patients with moderate or severe malnutrition are in the critical need to improve their malnutrition status.

Update on malnutrition assessment in patients with liver cirrhosis

Update on malnutrition assessment in patients with liver cirrhosis

P546 Diagnostic value of laboratory tests in the assessment of malnutrition in patients with ulcerative colitis

P546 Diagnostic value of laboratory tests in the assessment of malnutrition in patients with ulcerative colitis

Identification of feeding risk factors for impaired nutrition status in paediatric patients with cerebral palsy

To assess the nutrition status of children with CP, applying WHO growth standards, to indentify feeding risk factors and to evaluate their impact on the growth of children with CP. In 42 paediatric patients (mean age 8.00 ± 4.00 years), anthropometry and food intake records were assessed. z-scores were calculated using WHO Anthro software. Intake to requirements ratio (I/R) was calculated, and patients were classified according to their feeding ability (PFA). Overall diet quality was assessed using the Diet Quality Index International (DQI-I). Based on WAz, 15 patients (38.1%) were undernourished. No association was found between I/R ratio and BMI z-score, while PFA and DQI-I displayed a significant correlation to both (p < 0.05). Diet Quality Index International was also correlated with macronutrient distribution (p < 0.05). Patients with CP were undernourished in a considerable proportion. Malnutrition in patients with CP is not associated with the intake of estimated energy requirements. Among the other feeding risk factors studied, PFA and DQI-I represented important parameters associated with malnutrition. WHO z-scores represent accurate parameters for the assessment of malnutrition in patients with CP. Together with anthropometry and PFA evaluation, the use of the DQI-I would add prognostic value to both the initial growth assessment and the patients' growth monitoring.

Serum albumin, subjective global assessment, body mass index and the bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of malnutrition in patients up to 15 years after liver transplantation

The subjective global assessment (SGA) or the body mass index (BMI) is used to determine the nutritional state after LTX. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used as tool to determine body composition by nutritional care professionals. BIA, SGA, BMI, and serum albumin (SA) levels were performed to assess malnutrition following liver transplantation. BIA measurement was used as reference standard to determine existing malnutrition. A phase angle (PA) <5 was used to define potentially existing chronic disease-related malnutrition as a standard. All other measured parameters were compared with respect to their prognostic accuracy regarding the prediction of malnutrition as compared to the mentioned standard. Seventy-one recipients (51 men, 20 women) were included. Median age was 58, weight 77 kg, BMI 26 kg/m(2) , PA 4.1°, and SA 4.3 g/dL. According to the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, 9.4% (6/71), to BMI 15.4% (11/71), to SA 30.9% (22/71), and to BIA 36.5% (28/71) of the patients were malnourished. PA did not correlate with BMI or NA, there was a significant correlation with SA (p = 0.001). Univariate analysis revealed SA as independent predictor for malnutrition. ROC analysis for all parameters revealed a significantly (p < 0.05) better area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for SA (0.812) than for BMI (0.603) for the prediction of malnutrition. SGA or BMI calculation alone does not suffice to evaluate the nutritional status. SA seems to play a crucial role in the prediction of severe disease-related malnutrition in this special patient cohort.

Prediction of malnutrition using modified subjective global assessment-dialysis malnutrition score in patients on hemodialysis

Malnutrition is widely prevalent among patients on hemodialysis. Malnutrition can be estimated using a fully quantitative scoring system Subjective Global Assessment-Dialysis Malnutrition Score which is simple, reliable and dynamic. The primary objective of the study was to assess the severity of malnutrition in patients with end stage renal disease and undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Chennai, using Subjective Global Asses sment-Dialysis Malnutrition Score and correlate it with standard indicators of malnutrition like anthropometric and biochemical parameters of the study population by Pearson's correlation. Anthropometric assessment included height, body weight, triceps skin fold thickness, mid arm circumference, mid arm muscle circumference % and biochemical parameters included serum albumin, transferrin, ferritin, total protein, total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Based on the scores, of the 66 patients, 91% were moderately malnourished. There was a significant negative correlation between modified Subjective Global Assessment-Dialysis Malnutrition Score and anthropometric measures such as triceps skin fold thickness, mid arm circumference, mid arm muscle circumference; biochemical markers such as albumin, transferrin and ferritin. The data obtained from this study confirm that a high degree of malnutrition was prevalent in patients on hemodialysis, as shown by anthropometric assessment, biochemical markers of malnutrition and Subjective Global Assessment-Dialysis Malnutrition Score. Nutritional status as determined by Subjective Global Assessment-Dialysis Malnutrition Score is a useful and reliable index for identifying patients at risk for malnutrition and it correlates well with anthropometric and biochemical assessment. may be integrated in regular assessment of malnutrition in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

National Program of Malnutrition Assessment in Patients with Cancer of the Gastrointestinal and Respiratory Tract in Poland

We’ve built this digital research platform to provide academics everywhere with fast, stable and secure digital access to our library of over 110,000 scholarly books and 800,000 journal articles. We’ve tested the platform in close cooperation with leading academic institutions. If you have any questions or you notice something doesn’t quite work as it should, please visit our <a href="/publishing/faq?lang=en" class="text-primary">Help/FAQ</a> page and let us know.