Assessment Of Cognitive Function Research Articles

Assessment of Cognitive Functions in Multimorbid Patients in Lithuanian Primary Care Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MMSE and LT-GPCOG

Background and Objectives: The aging population has led to a rise in cognitive impairments, including dementia, often associated with multimorbidity. Early diagnosis of cognitive decline is crucial, especially in primary care, where time constraints and the limitations of diagnostic tools may hinder accurate detection. This study aims to assess the cognitive functions of multimorbid patients using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Lithuanian version of the General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (LT-GPCOG). We hypothesized that the LT-GPCOG would perform similarly to the MMSE in suspecting cognitive impairments. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from 2021 to 2022, included 796 patients aged 40–85, with arterial hypertension and at least one other chronic disease, recruited from seven Lithuanian primary health care centers. Cognitive function was assessed using the MMSE and LT-GPCOG, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS to determine the association between cognitive impairment and various demographic and clinical variables. Results: Out of 796 participants, 793 completed the study. Cognitive impairment was suspected in 5.1% of participants based on MMSE and 4.2% based on the LT-GPCOG. Statistically significant associations were found between cognitive impairment and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (p = 0.008 and p = 0.003) in both tests and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (p = 0.005) while testing with the MMSE. Lower education and unemployment were also correlated with cognitive impairment (p = 0.008 and p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings suggest that regular cognitive assessments should be integrated into the management of multimorbid patients, particularly those with COPD and CKD. The LT-GPCOG proved to be an efficient alternative to the MMSE in primary care settings, demonstrating comparable diagnostic accuracy. Further studies are also needed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the LT-GPCOG test.

Feasibility and psychometric quality of smartphone administered cognitive ecological momentary assessments in women with metastatic breast cancer.

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is associated with burdensome side effects, including cognitive changes that require ongoing monitoring. Cognitive ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) allow for assessment of individual cognitive functioning in natural environments and can be administered via smartphones. Accordingly, we sought to establish the feasibility, reliability, and validity of a commercially available cognitive EMA platform. Using a prospective design, clinical cognitive and psychosocial assessments (cognitive batteries; patient reported outcomes) were collected at baseline, followed by a 28-day daily EMA protocol that included self-ratings for symptoms and mobile cognitive tests (memory, executive functioning, working memory, processing speed). Satisfaction and feedback questions were included in follow-up data collection. Feasibility data were analyzed using mixed descriptive methods. Test-retest reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for each EMA, and Pearson's correlation were used to evaluate convergent validity between cognitive EMAs and baseline clinical cognitive and psychosocial variables. Fifty-one women with MBC (n = 51) completed this EMA study. High satisfaction (median 90%), low burden (median 19%), high adherence rates (mean 94%), and 100% retention rate were observed. ICCs for cognitive tests of working memory, executive function, and processing speed were robust (>0.90) and ICC for memory tests acceptable (>0.66). Other correlational findings indicated strong convergent validity for all cognitive and psychosocial EMAs. Cognitive EMA monitoring for 28 days is feasible and acceptable in women with MBC, with specific cognitive EMAs (mobile cognitive tests; cognitive function self-ratings) demonstrating strong reliability and validity.

Risk Factors Influencing Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients With Late-Life Depression: A Scoping Review.

In recent years, cognitive impairment has emerged as a pivotal symptom in elderly patients with depression, exerting a substantial impact on the course and prognosis of diseases. Moreover, it persists even following remission from depression during the rehabilitation period. However, there remains an incomplete understanding of the relevant influencing factors for cognitive impairment in elderly depressed patients, which seriously impedes the development of risk prediction models and the subsequent research on precision intervention programs. The purpose of this study is to examine the current state of negative influencing factors and assessment tools for cognitive impairment in patients with late-life depression (LLD), thereby providing a theoretical framework for the construction of subsequent targeted intervention programs. The search strategy employed in this study followed an evidence-based approach, utilizing a systematic scoping review to thoroughly explore six English and four Chinese databases up until November 2023. Two researchers independently conducted article screening and employed thematic analysis to categorize the results into themes. Following two rounds of rigorous screening conducted by the evidence-based research team, data were meticulously extracted and succinctly summarized from five distinct themes encompassing socio-demographic, physiological, psychological, genetic, and other related factors. In addition, a comprehensive compilation of 19 diverse assessment tools was undertaken. Ultimately, a total of 22 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this study. These comprised five longitudinal studies, nine pathological controlled studies, five cross-sectional studies, two cohort studies, and one randomized controlled study. Cognitive dysfunction is an important symptom of LLD, which seriously affects the survival of patients. At present, the research on its influencing factors mainly includes socio-demographic, physiological, psychological, genetic, and other related factors. There have been existing cognitive function assessment tools specifically for those 18- to 65-year-old patients of major depressive disorder, but there is still a lack of reliability and validity tests in LLD.

CANINE COGNITION ASSESSMENTS IN THE TEST OF RAPAMYCIN IN AGING DOGS (TRIAD)

Abstract The primary objective of the Dog Aging Project’s Test of Rapamycin in Aging Dogs (TRIAD), is to assess whether rapamycin treatment extends lifespan in healthy, middle-aged, medium-to-large companion dogs. A secondary objective is to determine whether rapamycin impacts cognitive function in aging dogs. This placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial is underway; however, baseline data allows us to investigate relationships between demographic factors and cognitive function. Dogs who met medical records eligibility criteria for TRIAD were assessed during an in-person examination by veterinary neurologists. Baseline cognitive functional assessment involved two validated clinical assessments: the Sustained Gaze test (possible scores 1 to 60 seconds; higher scores indicate greater attention span), and the CAnine DEmentia Scale (CADES) (possible scores of 0-85; higher scores indicate greater impairment). Thirty-five dogs were examined for inclusion in TRIAD, including baseline assessment of cognitive function. The median age of evaluated dogs was 9.2 years (8.1-10.2) and the median weight was 27.7 kg (24.5-30.2). The median CADES score was 1.0 (0.0-4.0) and median Sustained Gaze score was 9.0 (5.3-14.0). Post hoc analysis did not identify significant correlations between age, weight, sex, or breed and scores for either cognitive test. CADES and Sustained Gaze tests do not reveal an influence of demographic factors on cognition at middle-age in dogs being assessed for enrollment in TRIAD. Accordingly, the TRIAD clinical trial will enable robust assessment of rapamycin’s impact on age-related cognitive decline.

Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele is associated with better performance language and visual memory in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

The regulatory role of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele in the clinical manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the APOE ε4 allele on cognitive and motor functions in SCA3 patients. This study included 281 unrelated SCA3 patients and 182 controls. APOE genotypes were analyzed using PCR amplification combined with Sanger sequencing. Additionally, 96 SCA3 patients were prospectively recruited for neuropsychological and motor function assessments. Neuropsychological phenotypes were evaluated using the modified Chinese version of the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS). Motor function was assessed using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS). The frequency of the APOE ε4 allele was increased in SCA3 patients compared to the control group. The APOE ε4 allele was associated with better performance in language and visual memory, but also with more severe speech disturbances in SCA3 patients. Furthermore, in SCA3, the expanded CAG repeat length was correlated with poorer language memory performance and slower information processing speed, as well as more severe gait disturbances, fast alternating hand movements, speech disturbance, and oculomotor disorders. The APOE ε4 allele may serve as a disease-modifying factor in SCA3, influencing both cognitive and motor functions.

Effects of Acacia catechu and Scutellaria baicalensis extract on cognitive function in a healthy adult population: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

ABSTRACT Flavonoids, known for their neuroprotective properties, are abundant in Acacia catechu and Scutellaria baicalensis. Yet, human studies on their combined effects are limited. Objective This study evaluated the cognitive effects of combined Acacia catechu and Scutellaria baicalensis supplementation in healthy adults. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 26 males and 59 females (N = 85; 43 ± 8 yrs) consumed the test product (TP) containing 240 mg stem extract of Scutellaria baicalensis and 51 mg heartwood extract of Acacia catechu (UP326, Unigen, Tacoma, WA USA) or placebo (PLA) for four weeks. Cognitive function and biomarkers were assessed throughout the study. Results Significant time effects (p < 0.001) were observed across cognitive function assessments, with no differences between groups. Energy and fatigue reports showed a significant time effect (p = 0.023), while no significant differences emerged in general health and well-being scores. Cortisol levels increased significantly over time across conditions (p = 0.005), but no significant changes were observed in change scores or individual visits. Interim (p = 0.023) and final (p = 0.004) absolute basophil levels differed significantly between groups, with no intergroup changes. No significant differences in BDNF, CRP, or health and safety biomarkers were detected between supplemental conditions or over time. Discussion Four-week daily TP supplementation significantly enhanced cognitive function without difference from placebo. However, no adverse events or significant blood marker changes were noted, suggesting TP supplementation is generally well-tolerated. Further research is warranted to explore the preventive and attenuating cognitive effects of this supplementation. Trial registration: ISRCTN.org identifier: ISRCTN16548309.

Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: A Review.

Elderly patients are more vulnerable to cognitive dysfunction in the postoperative period. Patients who are apparently well in cognitive functions in the preoperative period after undergoing anesthesia in noncardiac surgery will develop symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) doesn't continue for a long duration and usually undergoes self-resolution. Proper definitions and congruous tests for diagnosis are absent. Rigorous preoperative assessment of cognitive function and distinguishing risk factors are indispensable for recognizing the range of POCD and its association with surgery and anesthesia. Recent studies haven't revealed any anesthesia technique or drug which can significantly reduce the incidence of POCD. Therefore, giving accurate information to patients can be challenging.

Effects of idebenone on cognitive function and serum biomarkers in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

ObjectivesThis retrospective study aimed to investigate the effects of idebenone on cognitive function and serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).MethodsRetrospective data were collected from the Neurology outpatient department of Liaocheng People’s Hospital from January 2021 to June 2023. Patients with a newly diagnosed aMCI who received treatment were included in the idebenone treatment group. The treatment group took 30 mg of oral idebenone three times a day for 6 months. A control group of 51 MCI patients who did not receive cholinesterase inhibitors or other cognitive-enhancing drugs during the period was selected. Cognitive function assessments and serum Biomarkers were conducted before and after treatment in both groups.ResultsMoCA scores were significantly improved after 6 months of idebenone treatment, and the difference was statistically significant. The delayed recall score was significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant; The level of SOD increased and the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein decreased after the treatment, but there was no significant change in the control group.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate that idebenone treatment significantly improves cognitive function in individuals with aMCI, particularly in the domain of delayed memory. In addition, idebenone reduces the degree of inflammation and oxidative stress and improves antioxidant levels. These findings suggest that idebenone may be a promising intervention for the management of cognitive impairments associated with aMCI.Graphical

The feasibility of a visuo-cognitive training intervention using a mobile application and exercise with stroboscopic glasses in Parkinson's: Findings from a pilot randomised controlled trial.

There is currently no pharmacological treatment for visuo-cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease. Alternative strategies are needed to address these non-motor symptoms given their impact on quality of life. Novel technologies have potential to deliver multimodal rehabilitation of visuo-cognitive dysfunction, but more research is required to determine their feasibility in Parkinson's. To determine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a home-based, technological visuo-cognitive training (TVT) intervention using a mobile application and exercise with stroboscopic glasses compared to non-technological care in people with Parkinson's. This 18-month, parallel, two-arm pilot trial took place between July 2021-December 2022. Participants were community-dwelling individuals with a diagnosis of Parkinson's, aged over 50 years. Participants were randomly allocated to one of two active four-week interventions, TVT (n = 20) or standard care (SC) (n = 20). A physiotherapist delivered 8 home visits over 4 weeks, lasting 45-60 mins. Participants were evaluated at baseline and then on completion of the intervention. Primary outcomes were feasibility of the study design and intervention (recruitment/retention, adherence, assessment time scale, equipment and safety). Exploratory outcomes included assessments of cognitive, visual, clinical and motor function. (Blinding of participants was not possible due to the nature of the intervention). The recruitment rate was 60% (40/67), and the retention rate was 98% (39/40). Adherence to both arms of the intervention was high, with participants attending 98% of visits in the TVT group and 96% of visits in the SC group. 35% (9/20) of participants in the TVT group experienced mild symptoms associated with use of the stroboscopic glasses which included dizziness, queasiness and unsteadiness. There were minimal between group differences, with both interventions having positive effects on a variety of clinical, cognitive, and physical performance outcomes. Our findings suggest that home-based TVT with a physiotherapist is feasible in people with Parkinson's and could provide an alternative approach to addressing cognitive and motor dysfunction in this population. We make recommendations for future trials and invite ensuing studies to improve upon the design and utilise stroboscopic visual training and digital tools to investigate this emerging area of multimodal rehabilitation. This trial was prospectively registered at ISRCTN (registration number: ISRCTN46164906; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN46164906).

Prenatal Hemoglobin Concentration and Long-Term Child Neurocognitive Development.

Anemia in pregnancy, defined by a hemoglobin level (Hb) of less than 110 g/L, contributes to infant mortality and morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. Maternal Hb changes physiologically and pathologically during pregnancy. However, the impact of these changes on long-term child neurocognitive function is unknown. This study therefore investigates the association between Hb at specific antenatal care visits and prenatal Hb trajectories during pregnancy and long-term child neurocognitive function. We analyzed data from a prospective cohort study that included 6-year-old singleton children born to women enrolled before 29 weeks of gestation into an antimalarial drug clinical trial. Hemoglobin level was analyzed from venous blood collected at least twice during pregnancy and at delivery. We used group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct prenatal Hb trajectories. In total, 478 children (75.1% of eligible children) had assessment of cognitive and motor functions at 6 years of age. Three distinct Hb trajectories were identified: persistently anemic (Hb <110 g/L throughout the second and third trimesters), anemic to nonanemic (Hb <110 g/L at second trimester with increasing Hb toward the third trimester to Hb ≥110 g/L), and persistently nonanemic (Hb ≥110 g/L throughout the second and third trimesters). Children of women in the persistently anemic and anemic-to-nonanemic groups had significantly lower neurocognitive scores than children of women in the persistently nonanemic group (β = -6.8, 95% CI: -11.7 to -1.8; and β = -6.3, 95% CI: -10.4 to -2.2, respectively). The study shows that maintaining an elevation of Hb at or above 110 g/L from the second to third trimester of pregnancy may be associated with optimal long-term child neurocognitive function.

Mismatch Negativity Unveils Tone Perception Strategies and Degrees of Tone Merging: The Case of Macau Cantonese.

Previous studies have examined the role of working memory in cognitive tasks such as syntactic, semantic, and phonological processing, thereby contributing to our understanding of linguistic information management and retrieval. However, the real-time processing of phonological information-particularly in relation to suprasegmental features like tone, where its contour represents a time-varying signal-remains a relatively underexplored area within the framework of Information Processing Theory (IPT). This study aimed to address this gap by investigating the real-time processing of similar tonal information by native Cantonese speakers, thereby providing a deeper understanding of how IPT applies to auditory processing. Specifically, this study combined assessments of cognitive functions, an AX discrimination task, and electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate the discrimination results and real-time processing characteristics of native Macau Cantonese speakers perceiving three pairs of similar tones. The behavioral results confirmed the completed merging of T2-T5 in Macau Cantonese, and the ongoing merging of T3-T6 and T4-T6, with perceptual merging rates of 45.46% and 27.28%, respectively. Mismatch negativity (MMN) results from the passive oddball experiment revealed distinct temporal processing patterns for the three tone pairs. Cognitive functions, particularly attention and working memory, significantly influenced tone discrimination, with more pronounced effects observed in the mean amplitude of MMN during T4-T6 discrimination. Differences in MMN peak latency between T3-T6 and T4-T6 further suggested the use of different perceptual strategies for these contour-related tones. Specifically, the T3-T6 pair can be perceived through early signal input, whereas the perception of T4-T6 relies on constant signal input. This distinction in cognitive resource allocation may explain the different merging rates of the two tone pairs. This study, by focusing on the perceptual difficulty of tone pairs and employing EEG techniques, revealed the temporal processing of similar tones by native speakers, providing new insights into tone phoneme processing and speech variation.

Cognitive assessment in acute care following traumatic brain injury: A scoping review of performance-based tests

It is recommended that the assessment of cognitive function by occupational therapists is best conducted by observing the performance of everyday tasks in real-life environments. Given the constraints of acute care settings, selecting the appropriate cognition assessment for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be challenging. A scoping review was used to explore the evidence for occupation-based assessments of cognition for use with patients with TBI and explore their clinical applicability for the acute setting. Assessments were included if they focused on performance-based tests using real-life or simulated activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental ADL tasks. From 29 identified articles, 18 occupation-based assessments of cognition were reported for use in patients with TBI. They varied in terms of time and resources required to administer, complexity, and variety of assessments. This review highlights a range of assessments of cognitive function available to patients with TBI in acute care, which support occupational therapists to use an occupation-centered approach. Issues faced by occupational therapists assessing cognitive function in the acute care setting include time and environmental constraints. A small number of portable, contemporary, and performance-based assessments relevant to younger adults warrant further investigation to determine their feasibility for use in acute care.

Brain Tumors and Fitness to Drive: A Review and Multi-Disciplinary Approach

Abstract Background Patients with brain tumor and their families often inquire about driving safety. Currently, there is no consensus regarding fitness-to-drive (FTD) for patients with central nervous system tumors. Our paper aims to provide a multidisciplinary perspective to address this issue. Methods We performed a literature review for brain tumors and driving. Additionally, we solicited input from experts in tumor-related epilepsy, ophthalmology, neuropsychology, occupational therapy, and driving simulators. Results We qualitatively analyzed 14 published articles. FTD determination varies internationally and regionally in most developed nations. Significant motor weakness and major cognitive impairment clearly prevent patients from driving. There are specialized tests for motor, vision, and cognitive correlates important to driving, but driving simulators and on-the-road tests provide the most comprehensive assessments. FTD for patients with seizures is dependent on region-specific laws that take into account duration of seizure-free interval and history of motor vehicular crashes (MVC). Conclusion We recommend a symptom-based approach that highlights the importance of interdisciplinary assessment to ensure that brain tumor patients have the minimum operational skills required to drive. It is crucial to document seizure control, visual acuity impairment, and visual field deficits because these factors usually become the default basis in practice to determine if driving privileges can be maintained. Appropriately timed assessment of cognitive function may provide pertinent information to determine FTD. Formalized testing with practical driving evaluation may eventually be necessary in patients who have hemiparesis, hemiplegia, hemineglect, homonymous visual field loss or any form of cognitive dysfunction to determine FTD.

The associations of dietary manganese, iron, copper, zinc, selenium and magnesium with cognitive outcomes in Chinese adults: a cross sectional study in Shanghai.

The role of individual nutrients including vitamins and minerals in cognitive function gained increasing attention in recent years. With regard to the association between dietary minerals and cognitive function, the results of human studies are inconclusive. The objective of this study was to explore the association between mineral intake and cognitive function using the data from Shanghai Health and Nutrition Survey (SHNS) in 2018. In total, 835 adults were included in a crosssectional study, and completed a three-day dietary record to estimate their average daily intake of minerals. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for the assessment of cognitive function, and logistic regression analyses were performed on participants to examine the association between dietary mineral intake and cognitive performance. The participants were divided into tertiles according to their mineral intake. Participants in the second and third tertile of the dietary copper intake had lower rates of low MMSE scores compared to those in the lowest tertile. We found the adjusted OR and 95%CI values were 0.44 (0.21-0.89) and 0.40 (0.16-0.94), respectively. Participants in the second tertile of dietary magnesium intake showed a trend of lower rates of low MMSE score compared to those in the lowest tertile (p = 0.06). The adjusted OR and 95%CI values were 0.35 (0.16-0.72). No significant association were observed between any of the other minerals including iron, zinc, selenium and manganese and cognitive function. Our findings suggest that dietary intake of copper and magnesium may have a protective effect on cognitive performance in elderly over 60 years old. To prevent cognitive decline, elderly should get recommended amounts of copper and magnesium from diet or supplements.

Assessment of cognitive function in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Background. Since the relationship between the initial stage of steatotic liver disease and dementia and cognitive function (CF) remains undetermined, there is a need to study such a combination. The aim is to evaluate CF in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Materials and methods. Thirty-nine outpatients with chronic forms of coronary heart disease were examined: 26 made up the main group with concomitant MASLD and 13 patients were included in the control group with an intact liver. In all of them, CF was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results. The CF according to the MMSE was lower in patients with MASLD than among those with an intact liver (25.27 vs 28.22; p &lt; 0.01). Mild cognitive disorders were diagnosed in 7.69 %, moderate — in 65.38 %, and severe — in 26.93 % of patients with MASLD. In total, the frequency of deterioration of CF (MMSE ≤ 27) among patients with an intact liver was 33.33 %, while it was significantly higher (92.31 %) in patients with concomitant MASLD (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions. CF can be an important criterion of the state of health and its changes, determines the course of the disease, allows assessing the activity of the endogenous intoxication syndrome and the state of the cardiovascular system. Impairment of cognitive functions occurs already at the stage of liver steatosis, which should be taken into account in the clinic.

Psychological Symptom Cluster Severity Profiles Are Associated With Higher Levels of Stress and Worse Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer.

Although common, the severity of the psychological symptom cluster (PSC) (ie, co-occurrence of anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance) varies among women with breast cancer. In addition, the impact of various types of stress and other risk factors on its severity are understudied, and the influence of the PSC on quality of life (QOL) outcomes remains poorly characterized. To identify subgroups of postmenopausal women with breast cancer with distinct PSC severity profiles following surgery and evaluate whether these subgroups differed in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics, symptoms, social and posttraumatic stress, and QOL. Following surgery, 159 postmenopausal women with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer completed assessments of anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive function, physical symptoms, stress, and QOL. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of women based on the severity of the prespecified PSC. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to evaluate for subgroup differences. Three distinct PSC severity subgroups were identified (ie, Lower [71.7%], Moderate [23.9%], Higher [4.4%]). Compared with the Lower subgroup, the Moderate subgroup was less likely to have received prior radiation, and the Moderate and Higher subgroups had worse perceived cognitive function, higher symptom burden, higher posttraumatic stress, and lower QOL. Clinically relevant sleep disturbance was common across PSC subgroups. PSC severity is associated with higher posttraumatic stress and poorer QOL following breast surgery. Sleep disturbance is a common problem and may be undertreated. Assessments of posttraumatic stress and sleep disturbance are needed for timely intervention.

131. Assessment of Cognitive Functions, Gait Affaction and Fatigue in Relapsing- remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients

131. Assessment of Cognitive Functions, Gait Affaction and Fatigue in Relapsing- remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients

The effects of mild traumatic brain injury induced by a low‐intensity blast exposure on phosphoproteome networks and cognitive function influenced by mutant tau overexpression

AbstractBackgroundThis study was to elucidate the impact of blast‐induced neurotrauma (BINT) on phosphoproteome networks and cognition in a genetically heterogeneous population of mice (rTg4510) with the human tau P301L mutation linked to Alzheimer’s disease‐related dementia (ADRD) including frontotemporal dementia.MethodMild traumatic brain injury was induced in rTg4510 mice exposed to a single low‐density blast (LIB) at an upright position. After assessment of cognitive function by the automated‐Home Cage Monitoring (aHCM) system, frontal cortex tissue was collected at 40 days post‐injury. The label‐free tandem mass spectrometry using the data‐independent acquisition and parallel accumulation‐serial fragmentation techniques for quantitative proteomics and weighted peptide co‐expression‐network analysis (WpCNA) approaches were used to evaluate phosphoproteomes in association with synaptic function and learning ability.ResultIn this study, blast‐exposed rTg4510 mice demonstrated a lower learning index, using the CognitionWall test by aHCM, compared to all other groups including non‐carrier unexposed sham controls. Among total 17,637 phosphopeptides identified, 706 and 550 were significantly changed in rTg4510 and non‐carrier LIB‐exposed mice relative to unexposed sham controls, respectively. Using WpCNA, we found phosphopeptide networks tied to associative learning and mossy‐fiber pathways, which predicted learning outcomes. Phosphopeptide expression in these networks were inversely related to learning and linked to synaptic dysfunction, cognitive decline, and dementia. LIB selectively increased pSer262 Tau in rTg4510, a site implicated in initiating tauopathy.ConclusionThis study unveils the relationship between ADRD genetic susceptibility, BINT, and cognitive decline, thus offering potential pathways as therapeutic targets for precision medicine to alleviate the disease burden among those affected by BINT.

122. Assessment of Cognitive Function in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) Compared to Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

122. Assessment of Cognitive Function in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) Compared to Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Assessment of cognitive function after surgery for colorectal cancer—a scoping review

ObjectiveColorectal cancer is primarily treated with surgery. Major surgery and older age are risk factors associated with postoperative decline in cognitive function. In clinical research, a wide range of instruments...