Objective: To assess the bacterial load in metallic and ceramic brackets and determine which favor dental plaque retention. Material and methods: Extracted premolars divided into 2 groups and analyzed. In one group metal brackets were placed and in the other group, ceramic brackets. Results: Statistical analysis were performed and it was determined that there was no significant difference. Conclusion: The type of bracket used in the orthodontic treatment, is not a determining factor in bacteria adhesion and therefore plaque accumulation as long as proper hygiene is maintained. Key words: Ceramic brackets, metallic brackets, colony-forming unit (UFC), bacterial load.