Aspirin Tablets Research Articles

Use of aspirin to reduce risk of initial vascular events in patients at moderate risk of cardiovascular disease (ARRIVE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

The use of aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular events remains controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of aspirin versus placebo in patients with a moderate estimated risk of a first cardiovascular event. ARRIVE is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study done in seven countries. Eligible patients were aged 55 years (men) or 60 years (women) and older and had an average cardiovascular risk, deemed to be moderate on the basis of the number of specific risk factors. We excluded patients at high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or other bleeding, or diabetes. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) with a computer-generated randomisation code to receive enteric-coated aspirin tablets (100 mg) or placebo tablets, once daily. Patients, investigators, and others involved in treatment or data analysis were masked to treatment allocation. The primary efficacy endpoint was a composite outcome of time to first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, or transient ischaemic attack. Safety endpoints were haemorrhagic events and incidence of other adverse events, and were analysed in the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00501059. Between July 5, 2007, and Nov 15, 2016, 12 546 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive aspirin (n=6270) or placebo (n=6276) at 501 study sites. Median follow-up was 60 months. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the primary endpoint occurred in 269 (4·29%) patients in the aspirin group versus 281 (4·48%) patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·96; 95% CI 0·81-1·13; p=0·6038). Gastrointestinal bleeding events (mostly mild) occurred in 61 (0·97%) patients in the aspirin group versus 29 (0·46%) in the placebo group (HR 2·11; 95% CI 1·36-3·28; p=0·0007). The overall incidence rate of serious adverse events was similar in both treatment groups (n=1266 [20·19%] in the aspirin group vs n=1311 [20·89%] in the placebo group. The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in both treatment groups (n=5142 [82·01%] vs n=5129 [81·72%] in the placebo group). The overall incidence of treatment-related adverse events was low (n=1050 [16·75%] vs n=850 [13·54%] in the placebo group; p<0·0001). There were 321 documented deaths in the intention-to-treat population (n=160 [2·55%] vs n=161 [2·57%] of 6276 patients in the placebo group). The event rate was much lower than expected, which is probably reflective of contemporary risk management strategies, making the study more representative of a low-risk population. The role of aspirin in primary prevention among patients at moderate risk could therefore not be addressed. Nonetheless, the findings with respect to aspirin's effects are consistent with those observed in the previously published low-risk primary prevention studies. Bayer.

Effect of Low Dose Aspirin in Low Risk Pregnant Ladies with Abnormal Uterine Artery Doppler Results, and the Evaluation of Maternal and Fetal outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

This study aimed to identify the effect of low dose aspirin administration in low risk pregnant ladies who have abnormal uterine artery Doppler results. Patients and Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed on 50 pregnant ladies (?16 weeks of gestation) in Sulaymaniyah Maternity Teaching Hospital during January 2017 to January 2018. The participants were randomly enrolled into two groups; the participants in the first group were given 100 mg of aspirin tablet each but the other group was given nothing. Results: Preeclampsia was significantly (P-value of &lt;0.001) less in the aspirin group as compared to the other group (16% and 40% respectively). The pulsatility index (PI) was not significantly different in both the groups (P-value = 0.69), but resistance index (RI) was significantly lower in the aspirin group (P-value of &lt;0.001). Conclusion: Doppler study of the uterine artery at 16 weeks or higher in low risk pregnant women appears to be useful as a screening test and low dose of aspirin therapy at early stage of pregnancy will decrease the incidence of preeclampsia.&#x0D;

The Physical Incompatibilities of Enteric-coated Aspirin Tablets with Non-coated Telmisartan Tablets in One-dose Packages Lead to a Decreased Content and Dissolution Rate of Aspirin

The Physical Incompatibilities of Enteric-coated Aspirin Tablets with Non-coated Telmisartan Tablets in One-dose Packages Lead to a Decreased Content and Dissolution Rate of Aspirin

Management of breast cancer in the elderly. Is treatment changing over time?

Aspirin is widely used to relieve acute pain and reduce fever and inflammation. New 500 mg and 1000 mg aspirin rapid disintegrating tablets with small active ingredient particle size and sodium carbonate excipient were developed to replace regular 500 mg aspirin tablet formulation containing starch and cellulose. The rapid disintegrating aspirin tablets have been proven to show faster in-vitro dissolution and a shorter time to Cmax (Voelker 2012) resulting in faster pain relief (Cooper 2012). The current study correlates the site and time to complete tablet disintegration with the plasma concentration time profile, using γ-scintigraphy imaging technique. Two 400 mg ibuprofen tablet formulations (ibuprofen acid and ibuprofen lysine salt) have also been analyzed in this study.Open label, randomized and four-way crossover trial in 12 healthy fasted males. Scintigraphy images and blood sampling were taken up to 4 h post dose. Tablets were radiolabelled with 4 MBq technetium (99mTc)-labelled DTPA using a drill and fill method (Wilson 2003). Site and time to complete tablet disintegration were derived from the scintigraphy images. Validated bioassays were used to measure plasma concentration.In all subjects the aspirin formulations disintegrated rapidly and completely in the stomach (500 mg Aspirin: 9.0 min, 1000 mg Aspirin: 5.0 min). Complete disintegration of the ibuprofen tablets occurred in 5 and 4 out of 12 subjects in the small intestine. Time to complete disintegration was longer (acid: 37.5 min, lysine-salt: 37.5 min) than with the aspirin formulations. This correlates with pharmacokinetics: a substantial difference in Tmax between the two aspirin formulations (500 mg Aspirin: 20 min, 1000 mg Aspirin: 23 min) and the two ibuprofen formulations (acid: 68 min, lysine-salt: 42 min) was observed.The gastrointestinal disintegration and systemic absorption of the aspirin formulations is faster compared to the ibuprofen formulations.

Effect of low dose aspirin and dipyridamole on primary patency of arteriovenous grafts in hemodialysis patients: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

BackgroundThere is some evidence for the efficacy of antiplatelet therapies in increasing the vascular access patency duration or decreasing the thrombosis of arteriovenous grafts.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of low dose aspirin and dipyridamole on primary patency of arteriovenous grafts in hemodialysis patientsMethodsThis randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was done at Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran from September 10, 2015 to July 05, 2016. Sixty hemodialysis patients, after the placement of a new arteriovenous graft, were divided into three study groups which including; Group 1, who received 80 mg aspirin tablet daily, Group 2 received 80 mg aspirin plus 75 mg dipyridamole daily and Group 3 received placebo daily. Primary unassisted patency was recorded in follow-up until 12 months and the outcomes were analysed using one-way ANOVA test.ResultsPrimary patency time in Group 1 (Aspirin) was 324.75±147.00 day and for Group 2 (Aspirin + Dipyridamole) was 399.05±92.09 day and for Group 3 (Placebo) was 383.55±108.23 day. There were no significant differences between the 3 groups (p>0.05). Successful dialysis was done in 16.7% in Group 1, 37.5% in Group 2 and 45% in Group 3 from brachial arteriovenous grafts after 1-year follow-up (p=0.746).ConclusionsIn treating dialysis patients, treatment with low dose aspirin and dipyridamole is not effective on increasing the synthetic grafts primary patency duration.Trial registrationThe trial was registered at the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th) with the Trct id: TCTR20160920003.FundingThe authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Subdivision of aspirin tablets? Use your hands: a study on aspirin tablet subdivision using four different methods

AbstractBackground/AimLow‐dose aspirin therapy (1 × 75–150 mg) is used in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Recently it has been suggested that a twice daily regimen is more effective (2 × 40–75 mg). We therefore compared the precision of four subdivision methods.MethodA total of 280 aspirin tablets (acetylsalicylic acid 80 mg) were subdivided using four different methods (PillTool, hand, knife and Pilomat). Precision was compared using a difference score and loss of mass. The accuracy (uniformity of weight) was evaluated according to an adapted version of the European Pharmacopoeia test. Loss of mass was analysed using the criteria of the US Food and Drug Administration.ResultsEvaluating the difference score (mean ± SD: PillTool 22 ± 14; hand 14 ± 8; knife 36 ± 23; and Pilomat 20 ± 13), the knife method was less precise than the PillTool, the hand method and the Pilomat (for all p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the hand (p &lt; 0.001) and the PillTool (p &lt; 0.001) had statistically significantly a smaller loss of mass (mg) than the knife and the Pilomat (median (interquartile range): PillTool 1 (2), hand 0 (2), knife 4 (6) and Pilomat 3 (5)). Only breaking by hand complied with the adapted European Pharmacopoeia test. Tablets broken by PillTool and hand fulfilled the criteria of the US Food and Drug Administration test for loss of mass.ConclusionBased on the results of our study, we recommend hand breaking and to avoid a knife for the best weight uniform tablets. If a tablet splitting device is necessary we advise use of the PillTool.

Extraction of Pectin from Lemon Peel and its use as a Natural Binder in Aspirin Tablet

Extraction of Pectin from Lemon Peel and its use as a Natural Binder in Aspirin Tablet

Comparative statistical analysis on two types of acetylsalicylic acid tablets

A statistical analysis was performed on two data sets, obtained by weighing 100 tablets each of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and of calcium carbonate buffered acetylsalicylic acid. The frequency distribution histograms, the Gaussian distribution function and the tridimensional diagram of the Gaussian function and standard normal distribution were represented. The results showed that the weight of the buffered aspirin tablets varied in a larger range than the weights of the aspirin tablets. The novelty of the article consists in the transposition of the statistical processing of the results obtained by the measurement of the weight of acetylsalicylic acid tablets into computer programs specifically designed for this purpose.

Kawasaki disease and general anaesthesia: The Know - Hows.

Sir, Kawasaki disease (KD) is a mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome of unknown aetiology affecting infants and children. It is characterised with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy and arteritis with specific predilection to the coronary arteries. Administering general anaesthesia in this subset of patients is challenging. Literature describes only a few and sporadic case reports on its anaesthetic management.[12] We present a case of successful anaesthetic management of a 5-year-old male child weighing 17 kg, diagnosed case of KD posted for full-mouth dental rehabilitation, with on table intermittent two-dimensional (2D) echocardiographic monitoring. The patient was diagnosed with KD 5 months back and subsequently treated with Intravenous (IV) immunoglobulin. Twelve-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was normal. 2D echocardiogram was suggestive of a good ventricular function with ejection fraction 60%, a 2 mm small ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect of size 5 mm, both with left to right shunts. Valves were structurally normal. Abnormal dilatation of proximal and mid-segment of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) was noted. Computed tomography angiography was performed demonstrating a 4 mm LMCA, prominent in calibre and a very short trunk. Other vessels appeared normal with no plaque or stenosis. It was advised to consider a possibility of congenital variant by clinical correlation. The patient was receiving tablet aspirin since then, but was stopped 1 month ago. A thorough preoperative evaluation was done. 2-D echocardiogram done a month ago did not show any fresh changes. The paediatrician opinion regarding cardiac status was sought and the patient was taken up for anaesthesia and surgery with informed high-risk consent was obtained from the parents. The child was premedicated with 1 mg/kg of oral midazolam, 20 min before procedure. In the OR, monitoring included ECG (lead II and V5), pulse oximetry (SpO2), non-invasive blood pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide. After adequate preoxygenation, the child was induced with sevoflurane in air and oxygen mixture. IV access was gained; IV fentanyl 3 mcg/kg. Adequacy of mask ventilation was confirmed, IV atracurium1 mg/kg was administered. In addition, IV propofol 2 mg/kg (as graded boluses during airway manipulation) was administered. Nasal intubation was performed with utmost care so as to avoid any haemodynamic response maintaining an adequate depth of anaesthesia. Intraoperatively, IV dexmedetomidine 0.3 mcg/kg as infusion was administered over 30 min. In this case, local infiltration was not used as adrenaline was a concern and our dental team as a protocol does not use bupivacaine. We planned for adequate analgesia, particularly avoided tachycardia at any stage and maintained a stable heart rate. 2-D echocardiography was performed twice intraoperatively and once post-operatively, which showed no signs of any abnormal contractility, thrombus, embolus, filling pressure changes or any untoward changes in the cardiovascular system. We were interested in assessing the global ventricular function, regional wall motion abnormalities if any, and we used the apical four- and two-chamber views. The duration of surgery was 2.5 h. Apart from fentanyl, diclofenac suppository 2 mg/kg and IV paracetamol 20 mg/kg slow infusion over 20 min were given intraoperatively. On completion of the procedure, the trachea was extubated after reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Post-operatively, the patient was shifted to paediatric Intensive Care Unit for observation. Post-operative analgesia regimen was decided as ibuprofen oral suspension 5 mg/kg/dose three times a day. There exist an array of biochemical tests and invasive monitoring described in the limited literature on anaesthesia for KD. The most dreaded complications are cardiac including coronary artery aneurysms, myocardial involvement and pericardial effusion. The goals of successful management include risk stratification, cardiac status assessment, maintaining stable intraoperative haemodynamics and avoiding triggers of myocardial injury (pain, instrumentation under light planes of anaesthesia). Here, we performed an on table 2-D Echocardiography so as to detect any untoward evidence of myocardial contractility, filling pressure, peripheral vascular resistance or thrombus. We also maintained an adequate myocardial supply-demand ratio by providing adequate multimodal analgesia and dexmedetomidine infusion intraoperatively. Our choice of dexmedetomidine was with regard to its favourable sedative, anxiolytic, limited respiratory and haemodynamic effects.[34] Accordingly, the safety profile for administering general anaesthesia in this high-risk population increases many fold. Declaration of patient consent The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.

Accelerated Aspirin Degradation in Pill Organizers

This aim of this study was to survey the rate of accelerated degradation of coated and uncoated aspirin tablets stored in pill organizers (POs). POs are multi-compartment boxes that patients commonly use to sort pills, especially if the medication regime is complex. The use of POs involves removing the pill from its original package and placing it in the compartment for extended periods of time. Although an effective sorting tool, POs might allow accelerated degradation of the drug since medications are subjected to more light, humidity and temperature. Degradation of medications entails many health hazards and concerns, hence the importance of assessing the rate of formation of degradation by products. A 31-compartment PO, which is commonly used at local retirement houses, was investigated. It is typically placed in a drug cabinet inside a bathroom. Aspirin degrades by hydrolysis to form salicylic acid, which causes stomach irritation. pH titration of aspirin tablets in PO and in original packaging was used to qualitatively establish that aspirin undergoes accelerated degradation in POs placed in bathroom drug cabinets. The percentage of free salicylic acid in coated and uncoated aspirin tablets was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). %SA in uncoated tablets reached 1.503%, which is five times above the USP limit of 0.30%. Uncoated tablets reach the maximum limit after 18 days of storage in PO. Coated tablets remained within the prescribed USP limit of 3.0%. The findings of the study established that storing aspirin pills in POs for extended periods of time is an inappropriate practice as it accelerates the rate at which tablets undergo hydrolysis degradation.

Uji Bioavailabilitas Tablet Floating Aspirin

Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with potential as antiplatelet for stroke prophylaxis . Several approaches of aspirin formulations in various dosage forms have been performed. Formulations of aspirin in conventional tablet dosage form often cause gastric irritation. Aspirin is rapidly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract, especially the first small intestine. Therefore f ormulation of floating drug delivery system are designed to improve the bioavailability of aspirin. The floating system will retain the tablet in stomach, allowing sufficient absorption time for aspirin in stomach and upper intestine. Aim of this study was to determine relative bioavailability of aspirin floating tablets c ompared to the aspirin enteric coated t ablet s in rabbits with crossover design method. Serial blood samples were collected from rabbit ear marginal vein over a 10-h period. Drug s concentration in plasma (aspirin and salisylic acid ) w ere determined by HPLC with benzoic acid as internal standard . The results showed that the floating aspirin tablet has better bioavailability with shorter t max and more uniform of aspirin levels compared to enteric coated tablets, though the parameters AUC and Cp max both of those products were not significant (p> 0.05).

Assessing the influence of media composition and ionic strength on drug release from commercial immediate-release and enteric-coated aspirin tablets

The objective of this test series was to elucidate the importance of selecting the right media composition for a biopredictive in-vitro dissolution screening of enteric-coated dosage forms. Drug release from immediate-release (IR) and enteric-coated (EC) aspirin formulations was assessed in phosphate-based and bicarbonate-based media with different pH, electrolyte composition and ionic strength. Drug release from aspirin IR tablets was unaffected by media composition. In contrast, drug release from EC aspirin formulations was affected by buffer species and ionic strength. In all media, drug release increased with increasing ionic strength, but in bicarbonate-based buffers was delayed when compared with that in phosphate-based buffers. Interestingly, the cation species in the dissolution medium had also a clear impact on drug release. Drug release profiles obtained in Blank CarbSIF, a new medium simulating pH and average ionic composition of small intestinal fluid, were different from those obtained in all other buffer compositions studied. Results from this study in which the impact of various media parameters on drug release of EC aspirin formulations was systematically screened clearly show that when developing predictive dissolution tests, it is important to simulate the ionic composition of intraluminal fluids as closely as possible.

Colorimetric Determination of Free Salicylic Acid in Aspirin and Urine by Scanometry as a New, Reliable, Inexpensive and Simple Method

A sensor array composed of individual cylindrical cavities in a sheet of Plexiglas®, which served as tiny reaction compartments, has been developed previously by Abbaspour, et al. [39–41] based on holes created in the matrix sheet by laser beam. The cells containing sample solutions were scanned with a usual flatbed scanner, and then the obtained color image of each cell was analyzed with software written in Visual Basic (VB 6) media in red, green and blue (RGB) values. In this work, this simple, fast and inexpensive method has been used for determining free salicylic acid in aspirin tablets and urine in ferric nitrate solution. The results showed that Fe(III) forms a colored 1 : 1 complex with salicylic acid and the system response is linear in a concentration range of 2 – 280 μg/L of salicylic acid with a detection limit of 0.84 μg/L for pH in the range of 2.2 – 2.4. The scanner was used instead of a spectrophotometer and a series of interferences was examined.

Abstract 3012: Long-term aspirin use and total and cancer-specific mortality

Abstract Background: Long-term follow of clinical trials of aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular disease have shown that aspirin may be associated with a reduced risk of death from cancer, including colorectal, esophageal, and lung cancer, and possibly breast and prostate cancer. However, the potential benefits of aspirin use, at a range of doses and duration of use, on total and cancer-specific mortality have not been examined in large prospective cohort studies with long-term follow-up. Methods: We examined the association between aspirin use and subsequent total and cancer-specific mortality, at a range of doses and duration of use, among 86,206 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1980-2012) and 43,977 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2012). Participants with a history of cancer, heart disease, or stroke were excluded. Aspirin use was assessed at baseline and updated every 2 years with greater than 90% follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute hazard ratios as estimates for age- and multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: During up to 32 years of follow-up, 22,094 women and 14,749 men died, and 8,271 women and 4,591 men died of cancer. Compared with nonregular use, regular aspirin use was associated with lower risk of total mortality (multivariable-adjusted RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.90-0.95 for women and RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.86-0.93 for men), which was primarily due to a lower risk of dying from any cancer (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.89-0.97 for women and RR 0.85; 95% CI 0.80-0.90 for men), especially colorectal cancers (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.59-0.81 for women and RR 0.70; 95% CI 0.57-0.85 for men), breast cancers (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.79-0.99), prostate cancers (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.65-0.90), and lung cancers in men (RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.74-0.99). The benefit of aspirin on cancer mortality appeared evident with use of at least 0.5 to 1.5 standard aspirin tablets per week for both men and women; and the minimum duration of regular use associated with lower cancer mortality was 6 years. Conclusions: Long-term aspirin use was associated with reduced risk of total mortality, primary due to reduced risk of dying from cancers. Citation Format: Yin Cao, Meir Stampfer, Walter Willett, Donna Spiegelman, JoAnn Manson, Eric Rimm, Molin Wang, Shuji Ogino, Charles Fuchs, Edward Giovannucci, Andrew Chan. Long-term aspirin use and total and cancer-specific mortality [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3012. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3012

Regular and low-dose aspirin, other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and prospective risk of HER2-defined breast cancer: the California Teachers Study

BackgroundRegular users of aspirin may have reduced risk of breast cancer. Few studies have addressed whether risk reduction pertains to specific breast cancer subtypes defined jointly by hormone receptor (estrogen and progesterone receptor) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression. This study assessed the prospective risk of breast cancer (overall and by subtype) according to use of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) in a cohort of female public school professionals in California.MethodsIn 1995 − 1996, participants in the California Teachers Study completed a baseline questionnaire on family history of cancer and other conditions, use of NSAIDs, menstrual and reproductive history, self-reported weight and height, living environment, diet, alcohol use, and physical activity. In 2005–2006, 57,164 participants provided some updated information, including use of NSAIDs and 1457 of these participants developed invasive breast cancer before January 2013. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models provided hazard rate ratios (HRR) for the association between NSAID use and risk of invasive breast cancer as well as hormone receptor- and HER2-defined subtypes.ResultsDeveloping breast cancer was associated inversely with taking three or more tablets of low-dose aspirin per week (23% of participants). Among women reporting this exposure, the HRR was 0.84 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72–0.98) compared to those not taking NSAIDs and this was particularly evident in women with the hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative subtype (HRR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.96). Use of three or more tablets of “other” NSAIDs was marginally associated with lower risk of breast cancer (HRR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.62–1.00). Other associations with NSAIDs were generally null.ConclusionOur observation of reduced risk of breast cancer, among participants who took three or more tablets of low-dose aspirin weekly, is consistent with other reports looking at aspirin without differentiation by dose. This is the first report to suggest that the reduction in risk occurs for low-dose aspirin and not for regular-dose aspirin and only among women with the hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative subtype. This preliminary study builds on previous knowledge and further supports the need for formal cancer chemoprevention studies of low-dose aspirin.

"Mother: Here's the Aspirin Tablet That 'Fits' Your Child's Needs"-"Candy" Aspirin and Children, 1947-1960.

"Mother: Here's the Aspirin Tablet That 'Fits' Your Child's Needs"-"Candy" Aspirin and Children, 1947-1960.

Formulation and Evaluation of Aspirin Tablets by Using Different Lubricants in Combination for better Kinetic Drug Release Study by PCP

Aspirin tablet is prepared by wet granulation method. Aspirin belonging to the class of NSAID having analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet activity at systematic standard doses. In this Lubricants in combination leads to better drug release kinetic. The Prepared Tablet is Evaluated In terms of bulk density, tapped density, the angle of repose, Carr’s Index and, hardness test, weight variation test, friability test and in vitro study. The result associated with optimized batch is good satisfactory and having better drug release kinetic. The in-vitro dissolution studies we got result our formulation follow Zero Order Kinetics with the effect of lubricants using in combination for better kinetic drug release.

Formulation and Evaluation of Controlled Release tablets of Aspirin

Formulation and Evaluation of Controlled Release tablets of Aspirin

A Comparative Anaylsis of Aspirin from Various Analgesic Formulations Using Titrimetry, Spectroscopic and Hypenated Chromatographic Techniques

Aspirin, acetyl salicylic acid or 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, has the carboxylic acid functional group hence easier to quantify using a strong alkali like NaOH. In most analgesic drug formulations in tablets form, aspirin is generally bind or compounded with other excipients or substituents which are acidic in nature and has acidic groups thus reacts easily with NaOH, hence making sodium hydroxide not a suitable reagent for quantifying aspirin in multicomponent aspirin tablet formulation. Six different tablets from reputable drug manufacturing company containing aspirin as an active substance were taken. Methods using sodium hydroxide as the main reagent in quantification involves a lot of stoichiometric mathematical manipulations as in case of titrimetric method while UV-VIS spectroscopy via multivariate calibration gave values at lower limit or outside the lower limits of US & BP pharmacopeia with respect to label claims, while the hyphenated chromatographic techniques such as, GC-MS and HPLC gave a very good resolution and very precise results within the pharmacopeia limits.

A case of subclavian artery aneurysm with history of ischemic heart disease operated under cervical epidural anesthesia

Subclavian artery aneurysm is usually operated under general anesthesia (GA), but in specific situations, it can also be conducted under regional anesthesia (RA) such as cervical epidural anesthesia (CEA). A 48-year-old male presented with chief complaint of progressive swelling in the right side of the neck for the past 3 months following trauma. He was diagnosed as subclavian artery aneurysm, and surgical intervention was advised. He had previous history of angina 4 months back for which tablet aspirin 75 mg and tablet clopidogrel 75 mg once daily was prescribed. Cardiological evaluation revealed of an ejection fraction of around 30% with mild left ventricular hypokinesia and grade 2 diastolic dysfunction. Due to the poor cardiac functional status of the patient, RA with CEA was planned. The risk with GA in cases with a history of myocardial ischemia is more than RA, hence, it is better to use CEA which is equally efficacious in such high-risk cases.