Asphalt Production Research Articles

Effect of Evotherm 3G on the performance of asphalt mixture

Temperature is the main element in producing asphalt mixture for asphalt pavement. The presence of Evotherm 3G in the asphalt can help to reduce the temperature of asphalt production and hence reduce energy usage. This study presents the bitumen properties with Evotherm 3G and the effect of this additive on asphalt mixture performance in reducing production temperature compared to hot mix asphalt. The bitumen tests were performed on the bitumen penetration grade of 60/70 using the penetration, softening point, and viscosity tests, while the Marshall samples were produced for the asphalt properties evaluation. The results showed that asphalt containing Evotherm 3G produced at a lower compaction temperature has comparable stability and flow to the conventional hot mix asphalt. The viscosity data of the bitumen added with Evotherm 3G does not give a significant difference compared to the penetration value. This justifies the applicability of Evotherm 3G as a surfactant in warm mix asphalt production.

Life Cycle Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Recycled Asphalt Pavement Production

With the growing impact of climate change, there is an increasing need and obligation to reduce the responsible greenhouse gases (GHG) in road construction as well. Using life cycle assessment (LCA) methods, several studies have already separately analysed individual parameters of the asphalt production process and illustrated potential improvements in terms of GHG reduction. However, the data of most assessments originate from single sources and databases, and as such can offer little validation against unreliable assumptions. For this reason, in addition to conducting separate assessments at quarries, batch asphalt mixing plants, and construction sites in order to collect energy and material consumption data with which to calculate GHG emissions, this work relies on the results of multiple sources found in the literature. Using the structure for environmental product declarations (EPDs) in EN 15804, our results are divided into the different stages of a life cycle and the corresponding modules. This allows for systematic comparison of different products and eliminates previous uncertainties regarding the inclusion of benefits beyond the system boundary. The results show the dominance of asphalt binder in the material footprint and the corresponding advantage of substituting virgin material with recycled material, as well as the influence of material moisture on GHG emissions in the production process. In addition to the evaluating the material itself, two road sections with increasing traffic volume (and increasing share of electric mobility) were examined and compared with the traffic-related GHG emissions over a 30-year lifetime. We can confirm that traffic has a substantially higher share of the total GHG emissions (>95%); however, as its regulation is the responsibility of governments, the construction industry can only bring about improvements in its own sphere in seeking to further climate protection.

Investigation of the Effects of Additives used in Reducing Asphalt Production Temperatures

Abstract This study is related to evaluations of the performance and usability evaluations of existing and also newly produced Warm Mixed Asphalt (WMA) additives. Viscosity, softening point, and penetration tests were performed on bitumen with additives without changing the bitumen rate for the additives. For the asphalt concrete, Marshall Stability tests were performed. WMA additives are used to reduce asphalt production temperatures and, consequently, the temperature of the mixture significantly. According to the Marshall Stability test, it was determined that the WMA samples fulfilled values within the local standards. The Hot Mixed Asphalt (HMA) and Warm Mixed Asphalt (WMA) additives were compared as to additive costs and energy savings considering the reduced production temperatures. Additives have great potential to be used in adverse weather conditions and in many countries.

Effect of Binder Chemistry and Related Properties on the Low-Temperature Performance Parameters of Asphalt Binders

The current Superpave™ performance grading specifications were developed under the Strategic Highway Research Program during the 1990s. Since the implementation of these specifications, the petroleum industry, and in turn asphalt binder formulation and production processes, have changed to a great extent owing to various factors, including improving yields and margins. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate and characterize evolving asphalt binder technologies through chemical-, rheological-, and performance-based approaches and to understand the relationships between these various aspects. This paper provides a robust method to characterize the effects of the binder crude source, compositional chemistry, crude oil processing, and modification type, as well as the thermal properties, on the low-temperature performance parameters (e.g., glass transition, crystallization properties, Δ Tc, asphalt binder cracking device [ABCD] Tcr, etc.). As a part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program 9-60 effort, this work was aimed at providing a robust binder guideline tool for asphalt and additive suppliers, and the asphalt community in general. The experimental matrix includes 50 binders carefully selected based on input from road authorities, researchers, past experience from the field, crude source variability, type of chemical processing involved, modifier type, and so forth. Characterization efforts included tests such those using a bending beam rheometer, an ABCD, the SAR-AD tool composition, and differential scanning calorimetry for asphalt binders at various aging conditions. The outcome of this research sheds new light on binder formulation and manufacturing, especially that related to low-temperature pavement performance.

Evaluation of Thermo-Viscous Properties of Bitumen Concerning the Chemical Composition

The quality of bitumen is standardized by conventional tests. With the development of new techniques, rotational and oscillatory measuring systems are applied to evaluate bitumen under defined geometric, temperature, frequency, stress, and strain conditions that correspond to loads during asphalt production and service. Several studies have focused on determining the effect of composition on bitumen properties at service temperatures. However, there is a lack of information related to the effect of composition on viscosity at higher temperatures, which influences production processes. The different types of bitumen, samples of 50/70, 35/50, 45/80-75, and 25/55-60 bitumen, had different viscosity values in intervals corresponding to a confidence level of 95%. The viscosity-temperature relationship in temperature range of 120 to 180 °C was observed in values of 3.87 and 3.70 for unmodified bitumen and 3.09 and 3.22 for modified bitumen. The effect of differences in SARA fractions content on the variation in viscosity using regression analysis showed the importance of asphaltenes (direct correlation) and aromates (negative correlation) contents for 50/70 bitumen with a coefficient of linear regression above 0.7. In comparison, the strong effect of saturates and asphaltenes (negative correlation) and resins was identified for 45/80-75 bitumen samples with correlation of 0.5 to 0.7.

Cleaner Asphalt Production by Suppressing Emissions Using Phenolic Compounds

Asphalt-paved surfaces have been reported as an important and long-lasting potential source of emissions of a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere. Accelerated aging of asphalt under high temperatures and sunlight exposure is closely related to the mass loss due to asphalt-related emissions. This paper studies the capability of biomodifiers to retain oxygenated compounds in bitumen and thereby extend bitumen’s durability. It is hypothesized that phenolic compounds of biomodifiers enhance intermolecular interactions with oxygenated compounds that would otherwise be released to the atmosphere as bitumen ages. Computational modeling based on density functional theory (DFT) confirms the capability of phenolic compounds in bio-oil from wood pellets (WPs) as a modifier for bitumen to interact with bitumen’s volatile oxygenated compounds through strong hydrogen bonding. DFT-based energy results show that the efficacy of a phenolic molecule to trap bitumen’s oxygenated compounds is influenced by its molecular structure and substituents attached to the phenolic moiety; electron donor groups such as −CH3 and −OCH3 can enhance the scavenging activity of phenolic compounds. Molecular modeling also shows that the interacting complexes formed between bitumen’s oxygenated compounds and WP’s phenolic components are more thermodynamically favored than complexes formed by these volatiles and non-phenolic molecules in waste vegetable oil (WVO). Laboratory experiments confirm the delay in UV aging of biomodified rubberized bitumen containing wood-pellet bio-oil (WP-BMR) by showing lower values for aging indexes based on rheological properties (the crossover modulus and frequency, the complex modulus, activation energy, and a rutting indicator) compared to the rubberized bitumen containing a low-phenol WVO biomodifier (WVO-BMR). Therefore, the extent of aging varies between two biomodified bitumen samples depending on the biomodifier’s source and chemical composition. This study’s outcomes show how to improve the durability of asphalt by tuning bitumen’s aging resistance using phenol-rich biomodifiers made from lignin-based biomass. This can be a key to open a doorway to resource conservation and sustainability in the construction industry while maintaining or enhancing air quality.

Laboratory Investigation of Reclaimed Asphalt Mixtures Containing Cyclogen and Vacuum Bottom Rejuvenators

The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) to create recycled asphalt mixture is attracting great interest because of landfill space decrease and natural resources saving. Also, incorporating rejuvenators is an effective method to promote the utilization of RAP materials in hot mix asphalt (HMA) production. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cyclogen and vacuum bottom (VB) rejuvenators on the performance of RAP mixtures against moisture sensitivity, rutting resistance, and tensile strength. In this regard, mixtures were constructed with different RAP contents (0, 35, and 70% by asphalt mix weight) and virgin aggregates. Furthermore, three contents of Cyclogen (0, 5, and 10%) and VB (0, 15, and 30%) by the weight of RAP binder were used. The laboratory test results revealed that RAP materials enhanced the indirect tensile strength, rutting resistance, and moisture sensitivity of asphalt samples. Moreover, increasing RAP content improved the rutting resistance and permanent deformations of asphalt samples. The addition of RAP also enhanced the resilient modulus and tensile strength of asphalt samples; this increase was subject to RAP content applied. Furthermore, the effect of rejuvenators on the performance characteristics of RAP mixtures showed that adding VB and Cyclogen decreased tensile strength, resilient modulus, and strain creep and increased the moisture sensitivity of RAP mixtures.

Environmentally-extended input-output analyses efficiently sketch large-scale environmental transition plans: Illustration by Canada's road industry

Industries struggle to build robust environmental transition plans as they lack the tools to quantify their ecological responsibility over their value chain. Companies mostly turn to sole greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting or time-intensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), while Environmentally-Extended Input-Output (EEIO) analysis is more efficient on a wider scale. We illustrate EEIO analysis' usefulness to sketch transition plans on the example of Canada's road industry: estimation of national environmental contributions, most important environmental issues, main potential transition levers of the sector, and metrics prioritization for green purchase plans. To do so, openIO-Canada, a new Canadian EEIO database, coupled with IMPACT World+ v1.30–1.48 characterization method, provides a multicriteria environmental diagnosis of Canada's economy. The construction sector carries the second-highest environmental impacts of Canada (8–31% depending on the indicator) after the manufacturing industry (20–54%). The road industry generates a limited impact (0.5–1.8%), and emits 1.0% of Canadians' GHGs, mainly due to asphalt mix materials (28%), bridges and engineering structures materials (24%), and direct emissions (17%). The industry must reduce the environmental burden from material purchases - mainly concrete and asphalt products - through green purchase plans and eco-design and invest in new machinery powered with cleaner energies such as low-carbon electricity or bioenergies. EEIO analysis also captures impacts often neglected in process-based pavement LCAs - amortization of capital goods, staff consumptions, and services – and shows some substantial impacts advocating for enlarging system boundaries in standard LCA. Yet, pavement construction and maintenance only explain 5% of the life cycle carbon footprint of Canada's road network, against 95% for the roads' usage (72% from vehicle tailpipes releases, 23% for manufacturing vehicles). Thereby, a carbon-neutral pathway for the road industry must first focus on reducing vehicle consumption and wear through better design and maintenance of roads. Finally, EEIO databases and analysis must be developed further as a powerful tool to fight planet degradation, and openIO-Canada must be specifically expanded and refined to allow for more robust and larger multicriteria assessments.

Performance of asphalt mortar with recycled concrete powder under different filler-to-asphalt weight ratios

The feasibility of using recycled concrete powder (RCP) as fillers in asphalt mortar is investigated in this study, to achieve a sustainable and economical asphalt production. The differences in physical properties between limestone powder (LSP) and RCP are analyzed and compared. Moreover, the interactions of LSP and RCP with asphalt are studied as well. The properties of asphalt mortar studied include ductility, softening point, penetration, viscous and elastic behaviors of asphalt mortar. Compared to LSP, the RCP presented a rougher surface, additional pores, more complex pore structures, larger Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface areas, and smaller particle size. At 0.6 and 0.9 of filler-to-asphalt weight ratio (F/A), the RCP is more effective for the performance enhancement of asphalt mortar compared with the LSP. When the F/A is 0.9 and LSP is completely replaced by RCP, the 15 °C penetration index (PI) and ductility of asphalt mortar decrease by 9.3% and 29.2% respectively. The softening point increases by 5.4%. By contrast, the RCP causes a considerable decrease in PI, equivalent brittle point (T1.2) and ductility when F/A ratio is 1.2. After RCP completely replace LSP, the PI, T1.2, and ductility of asphalt mortar decrease by 47.1%, 44.0%, and 29.0%, respectively. However, at F/A of 0.6, the asphalt mortar with 100% RCP replacement ratio presented both acceptable ductility and plasticity. Under the same temperature and F/A, the complex shear modulus G* and rutting resistance factor G* /sinδ of asphalt mortar raise with the increase of RCP replacement, which indicates that the RCP can better enhance the high-temperature rutting resistance of asphalt mortar than the counterpart LSP. It also implies that the modification of LSP and RCP in asphalt mortar mainly depends on the physical interactions rather than the chemical reactions.

Sample preparation method for quick characterization of reclaimed asphalt by FTIR spectroscopy

A quick characterization of the reclaimed asphalt (RA) at the mixing plant shortly after delivery would improve its management and enable an optimized use within the asphalt production. The RA bitumen characteristics regarding aging stage, additives or hazardous substances can be assessed by Fourier-transformation-infrared-spectroscopy (FTIR), which is typically applied by testing extracted bitumen.In order to save time, a procedure was developed that allows an identification within 15 minutes. Therefore, a sample of 2g RA is mixed with 10 ml of solvent in a small container, which was shaked until the bitumen is solved and centrifuged to separated the aggregates. The solvent/bitumen mix is taken from the container with a pipette, placed at the FTIR and measured after evaporation of the solvent. The results are suitable for identification of important parameters for the recycling process.

Study of supply-demand of Indonesia buton asphalt

National asphalt that was needed around 1.2 million tons per year are fulfilled by Pertamina's oil asphalt production around 272,040 tons (22.27%). Such a production is related to US$283.77 million, Indonesian natural asphalt (Asbuton) from Buton around 21,226 tons (1.74%) that is worth US$9.13 million. Its shortfall was met by the an import of 945,180 tons (77.39%) that is worth of US$473.77 million. The Asbuton resources are enormous around 792.5 million tons and its reserve is approximately 182.65 million tons. There are 16 Asbuton processing factories with the total capacity of roughly 2.03 million tons per year. However, their production is still 43,128 tons per year. It means the production utility is only 2.1% of the total production capacity. This study aims to optimize the use of Asbuton. Secondary data is obtained from various agencies, official websites, research reports, journals, and sharing sessions. Data analysis using an econometric model with a simple linear regression equation. The results show that the import substitution program starts in 2023, where the national asphalt needs are 935,180 tons, and its production is 253,473 tons and its import substitution in the first year is gradually around 96,061 tons, which means that the will be 585,647 tons so that the country can save foreign exchange of US $ 65.66 million. In 2031, substitution has exceeded the imports number, result and the excess capacity, thus opening up the export opportunities of 96,060 tons. Referring to such condition, the country can get additional income around US$656.59 million. This situation will continue until the end of the projection year in 2045.

Chemical characterization and anaerobic treatment of bitumen fume condensate using a membrane bioreactor

Bitumen fume condensate (BFC) is a hazardous wastewater generated at asphalt reclamation and production sites. BFC contains a wide variety of potentially toxic organic pollutants that negatively affect anaerobic processes. In this study, we chemically characterized BFC produced at an industrial site and evaluated its degradation under anaerobic conditions. Analyses identified about 900 compounds including acetate, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, and metal ions. We estimated the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of methanogenesis of 120, 224, and 990 mgCOD·L−1 for three types of anaerobic biomass, which indicated the enrichment and adaptation potentials of methanogenic biomass to the wastewater constituents. We operated an AnMBR (7.0 L, 35 °C) for 188 days with a mixture of BFC, phenol, acetate, and nutrients. The reactor showed a maximum average COD removal efficiency of 87.7 ± 7.0 %, that corresponded to an organic conversion rate of 286 ± 71 mgCOD−1·L−1d−1. The microbial characterization of the reactor’s biomass showed the acetoclastic methanogen Methanosaeta as the most abundant microorganism (43 %), whereas the aromatic and phenol degrader Syntrophorhabdus was continuously present with abundances up to 11.5 %. The obtained results offer the possibility for the application of AnMBRs for the treatment of BFC or other petrochemical wastewater.

CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRINCIPLES IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

The main definitions of the circular economy given by foreign and domestic authors in the framework of international studies are compared. It is assumed that the circular economy is one of the solutions to reduce pollution. Taking into account industry specifics definitions of the circular economyin construction definitions are considered. The main problems of the widespread use of the principles of the circular economy in construction are identified. It is determined that the circular economy can be carried out at the operational level (a certain production process), tactical (associated with all processes) and strategic (associated with the entire organization). Three main areas of practical application of the principles of the circular economy in construction are identified: recycling of used building materials (concrete, bitumen, rebar, asphalt, wood and glass products), the economic efficiency of reuse (faster, at the lowest expenses and lower total cost) and the principles energy efficiency (buildings with reduced energy consumption, environmental materials, energy efficient technologies, renewable energy resources and lean production) in the design, construction and operation of buildings. It is assumed that further systemic changes in construction will concern the industrial production of materials from recycled resources, smart urban planning, the sharing of residential and office space, energy efficient construction.

Evaluating the High-Temperature Properties and Reaction Mechanism of Terminal Blend Rubber/Nano Silica Composite Modified Asphalt Using Activated Rubber.

Terminal blend (TB) rubberized asphalt is a popular technology in the production of rubberized asphalt. However, it always presents challenges regarding the inadequate high-temperature rutting performance of the binders. Additionally, crumb rubber (CR), a modifier of asphalt is a cross-linked material which presents poor compatibility between CR particles and bitumen. Incorporating nanomaterials and pretreating CR particles are two possible solutions to address this drawback. But the performance improvement and modification mechanism of the composite TB binders is not clearly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the high-temperature properties and reaction mechanism of the TB rubber/nano silica composite modified asphalt using microwave activated rubber. To achieve the research purpose, bitumen penetration grade 80-100 was first modified with 8% CR particles at elevated temperature to produce TB rubberized asphalt followed by the addition of 0.5, 1.5 and 3.0% weight percentage of nano silica to produce TB rubber/nano silica composite modified asphalt. Short and long-term aging tests were performed on samples by thin film oven test (TFOT) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) prior to chemical and rheological tests. The results of the study shows that nano silica has a great influence on the high temperature rutting resistance, storage stability and anti-aging properties of TB rubberized asphalt. Nano silica promoted good interaction and compatibility between CR particles and bitumen and improved the overall rheological properties of the binders. XRD test results revealed that the TB rubberized/nano silica composite modified asphalt samples were amorphous materials and did not have a crystalline structure. The reaction mechanism between rubber and asphalt was found to be physical, whereas nano silica interacted chemically with TB rubberized asphalt. In light of these findings, this research concluded that nano silica evidently improves the high-temperature rutting properties of TB rubberized asphalt, which deserves further exploration and application.

Assessment of industrial effluent impacts on soil physiochemical properties in Kwashe Industrial Area, Iraq Kurdistan Region.

The present investigation was conducted to assess the quality of industrial effluents of Kwashe industrial area in Kurdistan region, Iraq and evaluate the potential effects of these effluents on the quality of soil. Industrial effluents samples were collected at from the discharge point of various industries including (oil refineries, plastic, paper and printing, steel, aluminum, leather tanning, paint, food, detergent, fertilizer, construction, nylons, metals pipe, chemical, asphalt and petroleum product) at three different locations and analyzed for various physic-chemical characteristic. Soil samples were collected from different fields and analyzed for several soil properties. Result revealed; nearly almost physicochemical characteristics of industrial effluents are higher than the permissible levels of worldwide standard. Result also shows that the quality of industrial effluents is significantly deteriorated much more with the distance it passes through two plains in the region. Almost soil properties are negatively affected by effluents, organic matter in the soil affected by industrial effluents is higher 5 times greater than the normal range of organic matter in the soil due to the continuous deposition of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. Soil content of macronutrients is significantly affected by industrial effluents. Significant correlation between some studied soil parameters were found as determination coefficients (R2) are highly significant (P<0.01).

Experimental application of fully recycled asphalt concretes produced with chemical additives for patch pavement rehabilitation

The reuse of recycled materials, such as Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), is one of the most widespread and sustainable alternatives to continuous exploitation of raw materials in the road pavements sector. Over the years, numerous studies have been conducted on the use of RAP in the production of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMAs) in different percentages and with several bituminous binders and additives. At the same time, little attention was paid to the possibility of using this recycled material as HMA for small road maintenance interventions. Cold Mix Asphalt (CMA) is still the material widely adopted for potholes repairs and patch pavement rehabilitations, despite its lower performance if compared to HMA. The idea developed in the present research is the possibility of using the hot recycling technology for the production of patch asphalt for potholes and utility cuts repairs. In particular, the focus of the study was the development of an HMA produced with 100% RAP and without the addition of bituminous binders. Thus, three different chemical additives were tested for the experimental recycled HMAs. Promising results have been obtained in the laboratory characterization, showing that the recycled materials can have physical and mechanical performances comparable to HMA produced with virgin aggregates and bitumen.

Peningkatan Hasil Produksi Aspal melalui Optimalisasi Perawatan Mesin AMP Menggunakan Metode Reliability Centered Maintenance

The achievement of the asphalt production target is largely determined by the engine performance. good engine maintenance is one way to improve engine performance. One way to carry out machine maintenance begins with identifying the damage that occurs so that the machine's performance can be predicted to maintain the quality and quantity of good asphalt production. Asphalt production activities are often disrupted due to the low performance of the Asphalt Machinery Plant (AMP) production machine, while the AMP engine is the main engine in production activities. The method used in this research is Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). This method is used to determine exactly what actions will be taken for preventive maintenance on each component of the AMP engine. The purpose of this research is to determine the critical components. Provide recommendations for corrective actions using the FMEA method and predict asphalt production results after the application of RCM. The results of this study obtained four critical components that were damaged, namely the RPN value on the Cold Bin 450, Dryer 360, Hot Bin 360 and Genset AMP 350. Recommendations for corrective action given using the FMEA method are checking the load of the material on the conveyor, checking the load, making Operating SOPs and preparing backups by adjusting the crash history. The prediction of the increase in asphalt production obtained after the application of RCM in November was 2689 tons with an increase in production of 46.8%, in December the production results obtained were 4620 tons, an increase of 29.32%, while in January the production results were 4837 tons with an increase in production percentage of 10.26%.

Aggregate Gradation Variation on the Properties of Asphalt Mixtures

National highway projects present a crucial role in economic growth, as they have a great influence on the national income. Therefore, the decision makers plan to construct these projects at a rapid rate. To achieve the just aforesaid, the utilization of asphalt of adequate quality and gradation is essential. The key problem which lies in recent decades is that many types of asphalt mixtures are rejected and reconstructed in the site due to the gradation variation of aggregates in the asphalt mixture which waste raw materials, cost and time. Thus, this research seeks to assess the possibility of accepting asphalt mixes with aggregates gradation variation (within the range from +4% above the upper specification limit to −2% below the lower specification limit). A wearing surface mix with gradation 3B was prepared according to the Egyptian code. The gradation variation was presented as the aggregate gradation is out of the specification limits during Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) production. The aggregate gradations lie above and below the upper and lower specification limits, respectively, by ±2%, ±4% and ±6%. The design gradation of the control mix was included as a reference case. The different mix properties were measured using the Marshall Mix design method. Then, the performance of HMA mixes was evaluated under the effects of high temperature and water cycles through applying wheel loading tracking and Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) tests. The results show that the 3B mixes with a gradation within a range of +4% to −2% of the upper and lower specification limits recorded the lowest rutting depth and the highest water damage resistance in hot regions compared to ordinary asphalt mixes. In summary, the new aggregate gradation limits will provide a reference for the design of asphalt mixture in hot climate regions.

Optimizing the trajectory of aggregates in drying units from the asphalt plants

The direct rotary dryers used for drying and heating the aggregates in the asphalt production stations are based on the direct contact between the material and the combustion products. The internal surface of the rotating drum is provided with flights that lift the aggregate from the bed and throw it through the air flow in a cascading motion, in order to increase the efficiency of heat transfer. The performance of rotary dryers depends, to a large extent, on the degree of dispersion of the powdery material, which the equipment is able to ensure. In this paper, the authors simulate the working process of the drying drum by highlighting the trajectories of the aggregate particles inside the equipment. Using the numerical method with discrete elements (DEM), for different combinations of operating parameters (drum filling degree, drum rotation speed) the efficiency of aggregates dispersing is determined and the optimal operating conditions of the installation corresponding to a certain type of aggregate are established.

Analisis Penyebaran Aspal Buton Berdasarkan Data Bor Di Daerah Lawele

Buton asphalt is a natural asphalt on Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi. To meet the target of Buton asphalt production, it is necessary to develop an area in the Lawele area as one of the asphalt producing areas on Buton Island. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of Buton asphalt and the form of asphalt deposits in the Lawele area, Buton Regency. The research methodology is divided into literature study, data collection, data processing, analysis and discussion and conclusions. The data used in this research is drill data which includes coordinates, elevation, lithology type, thickness, and depth of drill point. Data processing and analysis in this study was carried out through lithological correlation using RockWorks 17 software. Lithological correlation was carried out to determine the continuity of the asphalt layer from one drill point to another drill point. Based on the results of the analysis on the cross-sectional correlation that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the direction of distribution of asphalt deposits in the research area in line 1 and line 3 is from west to east with a tabular morphology of asphalt deposits, while on line 2 is single deposit and asphalt seepage is found.