Aspects Of Quality Research Articles

Leadership and School Culture: Their Influence on Increasing Competence, Relevance, and Quality Aspects in Senior High Schools

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan budaya sekolah terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah menengah atas di Sulawesi Selatan. Konsep mutu pendidikan dipahami sebagai pencapaian kualitas yang memenuhi atau melebihi harapan penerima, termasuk aspek kompetensi, relevansi, fleksibilitas, efisiensi, berdaya hasil, dan kredibilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik Proportionate Random Sampling untuk memilih 226 kepala sekolah sebagai responden. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan variasi karakteristik responden dalam hal jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan terakhir, lama mengajar, dan status jabatan. Uji regresi linear berganda dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel independen (kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan budaya sekolah) terhadap variabel dependen (peningkatan mutu sekolah). Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa kedua variabel independen secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah (F = 104,064, p < 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan budaya sekolah memiliki dampak yang positif terhadap peningkatan mutu sekolah. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi lembaga pendidikan dan praktisi pendidikan untuk memperhatikan aspek-aspek kepemimpinan dan budaya sekolah dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di sekolah menengah atas. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan strategi dan kebijakan pendidikan yang lebih efektif dan berkualitas di masa depan.

An Attractive School-Age Educare—Free Choices as Expanded or Limited Agency

The present study aimed to investigate and problematize an attractive school-age educare (SAEC) from the children’s perspectives. Which different aspects of quality appear in the children’s narratives about the SAEC activities? This was achieved by listening to children’s narratives and their voices. Forty-three children aged 6 to 10 participated in group conversations with the staff in their SAEC center. The study is theoretically based on a childhood sociological lens where children are recognized as active participants and agents for change and therefore important to listen to. The results show that an attractive School-Age Educare requires committed staff who inspire new discoveries, its own identity-specific premises with appropriate materials, the provision of planned and guided activities, the offering of unexpected and non-routine activities, and space for children’s agency to influence and to choose and to direct one’s own time. It is shown that free choices can both expand and limit children’s agency. In addition, the study illustrates how conversations with children can form a basic method for both developing quality and making the contextual factors for children’s agency visible.

Wild Genetic Resource in Vegetable Improvement: Applications and Strategies

Domestication of feral types of the present-day cultivated types was in vogue in earlier days of farming followed by the selection and hybridization that led to many improved varieties. Expression of traits faded due to the development of homozygosity due to repeated interventions in the same set. Relying on wild relatives that are found to be the source of many target genes is found significant. While, this is not so easy, because of the barriers that reside in distant hybridization, consequences like failure in zygote and embryo formation, embryo death, linkage drags, and incompatibility within wild and cultivated groups, etc are need of concern. Strategies like bridge crosses, somatic hybridization, grafting, embryo rescue, etc., techniques are solely or in combination can combat these issues. Vegetables are the group of crops that are mainly cultivated for their high returns and quality aspects for the healthy food routine of the consumer. This review will spotlight the recent advances in vegetable improvement through their wild relatives and available strategies to overcome the barriers to the usage of wild relatives in vegetable improvement, meanwhile the conservation of these resources for the future utilization in vegetable improvement.

How does a superior quality sign guarantee the quality of lamb meat? The Label Rouge case

Owing to the social, environmental and health changes in Europe, meat quality is becoming a critical issue for the long-term future of livestock farming. Label Rouge (LR) is a quality label owned by the French government that identifies food products produced inside or outside the European Union. This label guarantees the superior quality of a product compared with a standard product. This superior quality is guaranteed throughout the production process by specifications negotiated between the Institut National de l’Origine et de la Qualité (INAO) and operators in the sector. These specifications comprise two documents: first, common production conditions that apply to all specifications in a sector, and second, a book of specifications (BoSs). These two documents, which form the qualification mechanism, are divided into several parts: product name, product description, traceability, production method, labelling and the main control points. This study aims to understand how the LR defines lamb meat quality in the 11 existing BoSs using the seven dimensions of quality of animal-source foods (nutritional, sensory, commercial, technological, safety, convenience and image). We performed a computerised qualitative transversal analysis of the commitments associated with the production method and description of the product. This analysis was enriched by five semi-structured interviews with INAO members. We show that although LR is committed to all aspects of lamb meat quality, the sensory, image and carcass commercial quality attributes are predominant. However, the image attribute of quality is so ubiquitous that it required refinement to provide a better understanding of the construction of quality in terms of its environmental, ethical and cultural components.

Searching and reporting in Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews: A systematic assessment of current methods.

The search methods used in systematic reviews provide the foundation for establishing the body of literature from which conclusions are drawn and recommendations made. Searches should aim to be comprehensive and reporting of search methods should be transparent and reproducible. Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews strive to adhere to the best methodological guidance available for this type of searching. The current work aims to provide an assessment of the conduct and reporting of searches in Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews. Our objectives were to examine how searches are currently conducted in Campbell systematic reviews, how search strategies, search methods and search reporting adhere to the Methodological Expectations of Campbell Collaboration Intervention Reviews (MECCIR) and PRISMA standards, and identify emerging or novel methods used in searching in Campbell systematic reviews. We also investigated the role of information specialists in Campbell systematic reviews. We handsearched the Campbell Systematic Reviews journal tables of contents from January 2017 to March 2024. We included all systematic reviews published since 2017. We excluded other types of evidence synthesis (e.g., evidence and gap maps), updates to systematic reviews when search methods were not changed from the original pre-2017 review, and systematic reviews that did not conduct their own original searches. We developed a data extraction form in part based on the conduct and reporting items in MECCIR and PRISMA. In addition, we extracted information about the general quality of searches based on the use of Boolean operators, keywords, database syntax and subject headings. Data extraction included information about reporting of sources searched, some aspects of search quality, the use and reporting of supplementary search methods, reporting of the search strategy, the involvement of information specialists, date of the most recent search, and citation of the Campbell search methods guidance. Items were rated as fully, partially or not conducted or reported. We cross-walked our data extraction items to the 2019 MECCIR standards and 2020 PRISMA guidelines and provide descriptive analyses of the conduct and reporting of searches in Campbell systematic reviews, indicating level of adherence to standards where applicable. We included 111 Campbell systematic reviews across all coordinating groups published since 2017 up to the search date. Almost all (98%) included reviews searched at least two relevant databases and all reported the databases searched. All reviews searched grey literature and most (82%) provided a full list of grey literature sources. Detailed information about databases such as platform and date range coverage was lacking in 16% and 77% of the reviews, respectively. In terms of search strategies, most used Boolean operators, search syntax and phrase searching correctly, but subject headings in databases with controlled vocabulary were used in only about half of the reviews. Most reviews reported at least one full database search strategy (90%), with 63% providing full search strategies for all databases. Most reviews conducted some supplementary searching, most commonly searching the references of included studies, whereas handsearching of journals and forward citation searching were less commonly reported (51% and 62%, respectively). Twenty-nine percent of reviews involved an information specialist co-author and about 45% did not mention the involvement of any information specialist. When information specialists were co-authors, there was a concomitant increase in adherence to many reporting and conduct standards and guidelines, including reporting website URLs, reporting methods for forward citation searching, using database syntax correctly and using subject headings. No longitudinal trends in adherence to conducting and reporting standards were found and the Campbell search methods guidance published in 2017 was cited in only twelve reviews. We also found a median time lag of 20 months between the most recent search and the publication date. In general, the included Campbell systematic reviews searched a wide range of bibliographic databases and grey literature, and conducted at least some supplementary searching such as searching references of included studies or contacting experts. Reporting of mandatory standards was variable with some frequently unreported (e.g., website URLs and database date ranges) and others well reported in most reviews. For example, database search strategies were reported in detail in most reviews. For grey literature, source names were well reported but search strategies were less so. The findings will be used to identify opportunities for advancing current practices in Campbell reviews through updated guidance, peer review processes and author training and support.

Macronutrient quality and its association with micronutrient adequacy in children

The double burden of malnutrition compels us to reconsider macronutrients from a diet quality perspective. The Macronutrient Quality Index (MQI) has been designed to reflect overall macronutrient quality and is based on three sub-indexes: the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), the healthy plate protein quality index (HPPQI) and the fat quality index (FQI). Nutritional adequacy is an essential aspect of diet quality that should be captured by reliable dietary indexes. We analyzed the association between the Macronutrient Quality Index (MQI) and micronutrient adequacy. Participants were children aged 4 and 5 years, recruited in the SENDO cohort. Baseline information was collected through a self-administered online questionnaire, which included information on sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle variables. Dietary information was obtained using a 147-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Participants were categorized into tertiles based on their MQI score. We evaluated the intake of 20 micronutrients and assessed the probability of micronutrient adequacy using the Estimated Average Requirement cut-off point. Children in the highest tertile of MQI had 0.33-fold lower odds (95%CI 0.17-0.66) of having ≥3 inadequate micronutrient intakes than their peers in the lowest tertile, after adjusting for potential confounders. The adjusted proportions of children with inadequate intake of ≥3 micronutrients were 18%, 14% and 11% in the first, second, and third tertiles of MQI respectively. The MQI appears to be capable of capturing nutrient adequacy in children, although our results suggest that a modified MQI, with eggs and dairy products weighted positively, might be more adequate for the pediatric population.

The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Sleep, Daytime Sleepiness, and Depression-Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background and Objectives: COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has presented significant challenges to global health, with acute and chronic implications for various aspects of well-being, including sleep and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life in hospitalised and home-treated patients after three and six months. Materials and Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was conducted, enrolling hospitalised patients from a single clinical university hospital and home-treated participants through a survey spread through social networks. Individuals who had tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the past three months and had a symptomatic course of the disease were included in the study. Participants with previously diagnosed sleep disorders were excluded from the study. Participants were evaluated using internationally validated self-evaluation scales, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Data were collected three and six months after laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, with informed consent obtained from all participants. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test, Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact, Pearson Chi tests and Spearman correlation. Results were considered statistically significant with p value < 0.05. Results: In total, 66 participants with a mean age of 44.05 ± 21.61 years were enrolled in the study. Most patients (n = 36) were treated at home and 30 at hospital. Six months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, home-treated patients reported a higher prevalence of poor sleep quality (52.8%, n = 19, p = 0.015, PSQI) and hospitalised patients showed a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms (p < 0.001, PHQ-9) as 90% (n = 27) had minimal or no symptoms compared to 30.6% (n = 11) in a home-treated group. Conclusions: These findings mark the importance of the COVID-19 patients' management settings as people treated at home had worse sleep quality and more depressive symptoms six months after infection indicating worse life quality.

Analysis of Consumer Behavior in Interest in Purchasing Rajapolah Handicraft MSME Products

Increased competition in the craft industry and reduced activity in the surrounding community have caused a significant decline in the number of MSMEs, which is indicated by internal and external factors. Rajapolah crafts are increasingly popular with consumers because they prefer modern products compared to crafts made in Rajapolah. Wicker is considered old-fashioned and out of date, especially by the millennial generation. This research aims to analyze how price and product quality influence consumer buying interest in Rajapolah craft products. This research can be expanded as quantitative research with a sample size of 100 respondents. Based on the results that have been carried out, price and product quality have a significant effect on buying interest in Rajapolah handicraft MSME products. It can be concluded that producers, in increasing purchasing interest, need to look at the price and quality aspects of their products.

Burnout and quality of life among healthcare workers in central Uganda.

The widespread problem of burnout among healthcare workers is not only common but also a significant concern that impacts the entire healthcare system in Uganda. It is essential to understand the connection between burnout and quality of life among healthcare workers in the specific context of central Uganda, where healthcare professionals face high patient volumes, limited resources, exposure to infectious diseases, and socioeconomic challenges. This study examined the relationship between burnout and quality of life among healthcare workers in central Uganda. This research utilized a cross-sectional study conducted across various healthcare settings in central Uganda. The data were analyzed at descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate levels. The relationship between dependent and independent variables was evaluated using an independent t-test for binary variables and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for categorical variables. Significance was determined with a reported p-value, with relationships deemed significant at p < 0.2. For multivariable analysis, multiple linear regression was employed using a forward selection method, with significance set at 5% (p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that nearly 40% of healthcare workers reported experiencing high levels of burnout. The average score for overall quality of life was 10.71 (±4.89), with variations observed across different domains. The study reveals a significant connection between socio-demographic factors, burnout, and overall quality of life, emphasizing the impact of job category, supervisory support, sleep quality, and burnout on the well-being of healthcare workers. Predictive analysis illustrates how these factors influence both overall quality of life scores and scores in specific domains. Particularly noteworthy is that nurses and technicians tend to have a lower quality of life compared to physicians. The results underscore the relationship between socio-demographic factors, burnout, and particular aspects of quality of life. Notably, job category, supervisory support, sleep quality, and burnout stand out as significant factors shaping the well-being of healthcare workers. Nurses and technicians encounter distinct challenges, suggesting the need for interventions tailored to their needs. Addressing issues such as inadequate supervisory support, burnout, and sleep-related problems is recognized as a potential approach to improving the overall quality of life among healthcare workers.

Comparative Analysis of Post-Authorization Measures for Advanced Medicinal Products Authorized in the European Union and in the United States of America Between 2009 and 2023.

In the current landscape, regulatory agencies face the challenge of reconciling timely authorizations for novel medicines addressing life-threatening conditions with thorough evaluations of their benefits and risks. This challenge is pronounced with advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), where expedited approval mechanisms and orphan drug designations are often applied, making post-authorization measures a crucial mechanism to address uncertainties. We compared post-authorization measures imposed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency on ATMPs approvals, from 2009 to 2023. A systematic extraction of FDA postmarketing requirements (PMRs) and EMA-imposed post-authorization measures (PAMs) from publicly available regulatory documents was conducted. Descriptive analysis focused on post-authorization measure categories, objectives, study designs, and their status and registration rates. A total of 15 ATMPs were approved in both jurisdictions over the study period. For these products, the EMA imposed 53 PAMs (34 Annex II conditions and 19 Specific Obligations), whereas the FDA imposed 27 PMRs. As of December 2023, 15 EMA-imposed PAMs were fulfilled, with no explicit fulfilments indicated for FDA PMRs. Both agencies promoted real-world data use in around half of the imposed PAMs (23 by EMA vs. 15 by FDA), marking regulators' growing recognition of Real-World Evidence for decision-making. This study highlights disparities between imposed PAMs: EMA imposed more PAMs, covering efficacy, safety, and quality aspects, while the FDA required fewer measures focusing on specific safety concerns. These discrepancies primarily reflect distinct regulatory structures and approaches to further post-authorization data collection between the EMA and FDA, rather than disparities in initial benefit/risk assessments.

Lost in transition: A protocol for a retrospective, longitudinal cohort study for addressing challenges in opioid treatment for transition-age adults.

In the United States, there has been a concerning rise in the prevalence of opioid use disorders (OUD) among transition-age (TA) adults, 18 to 25-years old, with a disproportionate impact on individuals and families covered by Medicaid. Of equal concern, the treatment system continues to underperform for many young people, emphasizing the need to address the treatment challenges faced by this vulnerable population at a pivotal juncture in their life course. Pharmacotherapy is the most effective treatment for OUD, yet notably, observational studies reveal gaps in the receipt of and retention in medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), resulting in poor outcomes for many TA adults in treatment. Few current studies on OUD treatment quality explicitly consider the influence of individual, organizational, and contextual factors, especially for young people whose social roles and institutional ties remain in flux. We introduce a retrospective, longitudinal cohort design to study treatment quality practices and outcomes among approximately 65,000 TA adults entering treatment for OUD between 2012 and 2025 in New York. We propose to combine data from multiple sources, including Medicaid claims and encounter data and a state registry of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment episodes, to examine three aspects of OUD treatment quality: 1) MOUD use, including MOUD option (e.g., buprenorphine, methadone, or extended-release [XR] naltrexone); 2) adherence to pharmacotherapy and retention in treatment; and 3) adverse events (e.g., overdoses). Using rigorous analytical methods, we will provide insights into how variation in treatment practices and outcomes are structured more broadly by multilevel processes related to communities, treatment programs, and characteristics of the patient, as well as their complex interplay. Our findings will inform clinical decision making by patients and providers as well as public health responses to the rising number of young adults seeking treatment for OUD amidst the opioid and polysubstance overdose crisis in the U.S.

Value addition to dietetic frozen yoghurt through use of fruit peel solids

The study pertains to preparing value added frozen yoghurt through use of orange peel powder (OPP). The quality aspects of medium-fat (6.0% fat) frozen yoghurt prepared using OPP at three levels (1.5, 2.5, 3.5% as T1, T2 and T3 respectively) was studied. Frozen yoghurt was prepared by freezing blend of fermented yoghurt base with ice cream mix (25:75 w/w); other ingredients were sugar, stabilizer-emulsifier and orange crush. Inclusion of OPP in frozen yoghurt impacted the orange flavour favorably and enriched product with β-carotene and dietary fiber. The control product (TC) was prepared in similar manner, avoiding OPP. As the level of OPP was raised in formulation, there was a marked increase in the protein, carbohydrate, ash and total solids when compared with TC. Presence of OPP markedly affected the acidity, viscosity, overrun and melting resistance of the product; maximum overrun was associated with TC. Product T3 had the maximum acidity and viscosity; T2 had maximum total sensory score. It is recommended to prepare medium-fat frozen yoghurt utilizing 2.5% OPP along with orange crush as flavouring. Such inclusion of peel solids enriched the product with β-carotene and dietary fiber, contributed to stabilization of product and enhanced the products sensory acceptance.

Accurate and Objective Lecturer Appraisal System: Implementation of the LOPCOW Method

This research proposes the use of the Logarithmic Precursor Chain-Driven Objective Weighting (LOPCOW) method to evaluate the best lecturers in universities. The LOPCOW method ensures that the assessment covers all aspects of lecturer quality and performance, including education, research, community services, discipline, commitment, cooperation skills, and innovation. The evaluation of lecturers using the scores and ratings provided showed that CDE lecturers were the best, with the highest score of 0.715. CDE lecturers showed high consistency in all aspects assessed, especially in education, research, and community service. This was followed by MNO lecturers (0.676), STU lecturers (0.668), XYZ lecturers (0.637), and AFI lecturers (0.627). In conclusion, highly ranked lecturers showed strong dedication to the Tridharma of higher education, with consistent performance and a positive impact on the academic community and the general public. Future research should focus on developing strategies to improve lecturers' teaching quality by applying new educational technologies and evaluating their impact on student learning.

Determinants of preparedness in family caregivers of patients with heart failure.

Inadequate preparedness of family caregivers contributes to adverse outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF). However, evidence on caregiver preparedness is limited. This study aims to examine the determinants and potential mechanisms of preparedness in family caregivers of patients with HF. In the cross-sectional study, 298 HF patient-caregiver dyads were recruited from 4 tertiary hospitals in China. Preparedness, uncertainty in illness, family relational quality, social support, and positive aspects of caregiving (PAC) were assessed in family caregivers using self-reported questionnaires. In the path analysis model, uncertainty in illness had an indirect negative effect on preparedness via reduced PAC [indirect effect = -0.020; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.050 to -0.002]. Whereas, family relational quality had direct (β = 0.266; P < 0.001) and indirect positive effects on preparedness through increased PAC (indirect effect = 0.027; 95% CI, 0.003-0.067). Similarly, social support also had direct (β = 0.184; P = 0.004) and indirect positive effects on preparedness through increased PAC (indirect effect = 0.027; 95% CI, 0.004-0.065). This study highlights that diminishing uncertainty in illness may indirectly improve caregiver preparedness through the enhancement of PAC, while raising family relational quality and social support may improve caregiver preparedness both directly and indirectly by augmenting PAC. These findings provide insightful implications for healthcare professionals in developing tailored interventions to ameliorate preparedness in family caregivers of patients with HF.

Clinical and Psychological Implications of Genital Vitiligo in a Thai Population.

The understanding of genital vitiligo among Thai individuals is limited. This study evaluated the clinical presentation, quality of life, and sexual health consequences of genital vitiligo. This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study involving vitiligo patients aged 18 years or older with past or present genital involvement was conducted at Siriraj Hospital. It also measured aspects of sexual health and quality of life. The mean age of the 41 participants was 48.2 years, and 24 (58.5%) were males. All participants presented with genital vitiligo. In males, the penile shaft (45.8%), scrotum (45.8%), and glans (33.3%) were predominantly affected. In females, the mons pubis (64.7%), labia majora (23.5%), and labia minora (23.5%) were frequently involved. Both sexes reported afflictions in the pubic area (41.5%), inguinal region (36.6%), buttocks (34.1%), and oral mucosa (34.1%). Itching was the principal symptom in 26.8% of the patients. The median Dermatology Life Quality Index scores were significantly different (females 6, males 3.5). Compared with their male counterparts, females exhibited lower self-esteem (41.2% vs 29.2%), greater apprehension about marriage (11.8% vs 8.3%), and embarrassment about sexual activities (23.5% vs 16.7%). Remarkably, 65.9% of patients had not discussed their genital vitiligo with their doctors, and 51.2% of physicians had not inquired about or examined for genital involvement. Genital vitiligo adversely impacts quality of life and self-esteem, particularly among female patients. The lack of discourse between patients and physicians highlights a need for increased awareness and proactive clinical investigations to enhance patient care and satisfaction.

The mediating role of social relationships between perceived classroom management and adolescents' attitudes toward school: a multilevel analysis

Social relationships in the school context – particularly teacher-student relationships and peer relationships – are related to students’ positive attitudes toward school, and consequently are of great importance regarding various aspects of learning and instruction. This can be concluded from studies that examine the influence of social integration on motivation, learning emotions, and positive attitudes toward school as an institution. Additionally, social relationships are closely related to the teacher’s style of instruction and student perceptions of the learning environment provided. However, there is little research so far, on the extent to which positive social relationships mediate correlations between aspects of teaching quality i.e., classroom management, and students’ positive attitudes toward school. Both classroom management and school-related social relationships are constructs that are assumed to be perceived similarly by students within one school, who experience similar conditions in regard to the intensity and frequency of common lessons. However, there are few research findings regarding shared assessments of classroom management and it’s correlations with teacher-student relationships by students within one school or class, and to date no results regarding the shared assessments of peer relationships. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the correlations between students’ individual and aggregated assessments of social relationships in school and classroom management, with their positive attitudes toward school. The sample consisted of N = 453 polytechnic school students in Upper Austria, from which a weighted dataset was derived. The findings from multilevel mediation analyses support the assumption of the mediating role of both teacher-student relationships and peer relationships regarding the correlation between classroom management and students’ positive attitudes toward school. However, significant correlations were found only at the individual student level.

Legal and Financial Risk Management in Large-Scale Construction Projects

Construction projects involve many parties and experts such as builders, contractors, designers, and consultants, which causes project arrangements to be complicated with many risks and uncertainties, including legal and financial risks. Legal risks include aspects of contracts, permits, certificates, claims, lawsuits, and sanctions. Conflicts or disputes can arise due to legal risks, which can lead to cost overruns and delays in project schedules. The project manager must be able to mitigate these risks in order to achieve the project objectives. This study uses descriptive qualitative and descriptive analytical methods to provide a detailed description of the research problem. The results showed that the risks adversely affect the legal aspects of construction, time, cost, and quality of the project. Legal risks in construction projects can arise due to several reasons, namely problems with documents and contract articles, lawsuits from third parties, and problems in acquiring project land. Good risk management is required to improve project efficiency, and project performance is improved when the organization can create a high fit between risk exposure and risk management profile.

Legal and Financial Risk Management in Large-Scale Construction Projects

Construction projects involve many parties and experts such as builders, contractors, designers, and consultants, which causes project arrangements to be complicated with many risks and uncertainties, including legal and financial risks. Legal risks include aspects of contracts, permits, certificates, claims, lawsuits, and sanctions. Conflicts or disputes can arise due to legal risks, which can lead to cost overruns and delays in project schedules. The project manager must be able to mitigate these risks in order to achieve the project objectives. This study uses descriptive qualitative and descriptive analytical methods to provide a detailed description of the research problem. The results showed that the risks adversely affect the legal aspects of construction, time, cost, and quality of the project. Legal risks in construction projects can arise due to several reasons, namely problems with documents and contract articles, lawsuits from third parties, and problems in acquiring project land. Good risk management is required to improve project efficiency, and project performance is improved when the organization can create a high fit between risk exposure and risk management profile.

16S amplicon-based microbiome biomapping of a commercial broiler hatchery

Hatcheries, where eggs from multiple breeder farms are incubated and hatched before being sent to different broiler farms, represent a nexus point in the commercial production of broilers in the United States. Considering all downstream microbial quality and safety aspects of broiler production (live production, processing, consumer use) can be potentially affected by the hatchery, a better understanding of microbial ecology within commercial hatcheries is essential. Therefore, a commercial broiler hatchery was biomapped using 16S rRNA amplicon-based microbiome analyses of four sample type categories (Air, Egg, Water, Facility) across five different places in the pre-hatch, hatch, and post-hatch areas. While distinct microbiota were found for each sample type category and hatchery area, microbial community analyses revealed that Egg microbiota trended towards clustering with the facility-related samples when moving from the prehatch to post-hatch areas, highlighting the potential effect of the hatchery environment in shaping the pre-harvest broiler-related microbiota. Prevalence analyses revealed 20 ASVs (Core20) present in the core microbiota of all sample types and areas, with each ASV possessing a unique distribution throughout the hatchery. Interestingly, three Enterobacteriaceae ASVs were in the Core20, including Salmonella. Subsequent analyses showed that Salmonella, while a minor prehatch and hatch Core20ASV, dominated the Enterobacteriaceae niche and total microbiota in the chick pad feces in the post-hatch area of the hatchery, and the presence of this Salmonella ASV in the post-hatch feces was associated with swabs of breakroom tables. These findings highlight the complexity of commercial hatchery microbiota, including identifying chick pad feces and breakroom tables as potentially important sampling or disinfection targets for hatchery managers to focus their Salmonella mitigation efforts to reduce loads entering live production farms.

Family involvement in mental healthcare practice: Perspectives of mental health nurses, patients, and caregivers.

Family engagement in care has been advocated to promote recovery for patients with mental health conditions. Attitudes of mental health nurses toward the importance of families influence the way they partner with families in mental healthcare. However, little is known about how mental health nurses engage with families and quality of family-centered care (FCC) perceived by patients and caregivers. The study aimed to examine the mediating effect of family nursing practice on the association between mental health nurses' attitudes toward integrating families into care and quality of FCC perceived by patients with schizophrenia and caregivers. A cross-sectional study was conducted. A convenience sample of 143 dyads of patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers and 109 mental health nurses were recruited from inpatient wards at two psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan. Demographic and clinical questionnaires, Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes scale, Family Nursing Practice Scale, and Measure of Process of Care for Adults were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, paired-sample t-tests, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Mediation analyses were performed using Hayes' PROCESS macro in SPSS (Model 4) with bootstrapping. Mental health nurses exhibited supportive attitudes toward integrating families into care (Mean = 98.96) and greater perceptions of family nursing practice (Mean = 2.44). The concordances between patients and caregivers on perceived quality of family-centered care were significant (ICC = 0.63-0.77). Attitudes of mental health nurses toward integrating families into care had both the total and direct effects on all domains of quality of FCC perceived by patients and caregivers, respectively. The indirect effects of mental health nurses' attitudes toward integrating families into care on aspects of quality of FCC through family nursing practice were significant for patients (95% bias-corrected bootstrap CI of 0.015-0.053) and caregivers (95% bias-corrected bootstrap CI of 0.004-0.041). The magnitude of the indirect effects was medium to large for patients (ES = 0.209-0.257) and caregivers (ES = 0.148-0.221). Family nursing practice partially mediated the association between mental health nurses' attitudes toward integrating families into care and aspects of quality of FCC from perspectives of patients and caregivers. Interventions tailoring mental health nurses' practice skills and reciprocity with families have the potential to enhance supportive attitudes of mental health nurses toward working with families and further improve perceived quality of FCC in patient-caregiver dyads in mental healthcare practice.