Aspects Of Process Research Articles

Supporting Research Staff Working With People Experiencing Homelessness: Integrating Trauma-Informed and Resilience-Building Approaches Into Community-Engaged Research Studies.

Traumatic experiences are highly prevalent among people experiencing homelessness who face structural inequities, which may impact engagement in research. Research staff ("staff") working with people experiencing homelessness are under-equipped to cope with structural inequities and the trauma present in participants' lives, even if they are well-trained in the regulatory aspects of the research process. Six staff involved in tobacco cessation intervention research with people experiencing homelessness described their experiences and highlighted areas of training to integrate trauma-informed and resilience-building approaches to support field staff and people experiencing homelessness. We identified three themes: (a) impact of trauma on the research process; (b) the importance of engagement with community partners and participants; and (b) the need for a field worker's guide. Staff described being the bearers of participants' traumas, while also coping with their own vicarious traumatization. Staff believed they would benefit from a fieldworker's guide that includes best practices for engagement with community partners as well as trauma-informed approaches like training in trauma-informed care and tools to address vicarious traumatization. Resilience-building approaches include real-time debriefing to celebrate successes and troubleshoot problems in the field. Training in resilience-building can be integrated as part of the general training required of all research staff prior to conducting intervention research studies with people experiencing homelessness. These approaches may need institutional support to be integrated into standard research workflows. In doing so, they may not only safeguard research staff and participants but also promote research as a means to dismantle inequities by being inclusive, safe, and empowering.

INTEGRATION OF THE UNIVERSITYSTUDENTS’KNOWLEDGE THROUGH NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

Thearticle touches upon the ways of implementing the integration of the universitystudents’ knowledgethrough new information technologies, the content and methodology of integrating the knowledge of students based on the use of new information technologies in the educational process of the university, and as well as the results of specially organized practical-experimental work. The authorsconducted researchto integrate the improvement of the quality of education through information technologies. The purpose of the researchisto justify theoretically the integration of universitystudents’knowledge through new information technologies and to prove its effectiveness in practice.Pedagogical aspects of the modeling process, stages of pedagogical modeling are presented in the article. The article also presents the methodological, procedural (technological) and instrumental levels of the model, its purpose, monitoring of the formation of necessary competencies, as well as the result.The model shows the logical-structural nature of the implementation ofintegration of the university students’ knowledge through new information technologies, the rules, principles, and conditions of competence formation.Students can master the integrated educational material through new information technology equipment, understanding the importance of digested knowledge, it isdetermined that onecan use it independently as needed, and it is proventhat the quality of individualeducation is at a high level.The studytouches uponthe process of integrating the knowledge of universitystudents using the concepts of "The use of new information technologies", "Integration through new information technologies", and formed a referenceof the scientific and methodological basis for the integration of students' knowledge through new information technologies. Fromscientificpoint of view, the methodological basis for the development of integrated programs and projects in general educationand special disciplines, including the specifics ofthe information technology, hasrevealed the decisions of the task.

Exploring Culturally Responsive Voice Care: Introduction

Purpose: The purpose of this introduction is to broadly discuss cultural responsiveness and serve as a prelude to the forum articles, which discuss specific aspects of cultural responsiveness within voice care. Conclusion: Cultural responsiveness encompasses practices that consider the patient's cultural beliefs, values, and perspectives in all aspects of the therapeutic process. Voice is a cultural construct, and as such, the presence or impact of a voice disorder is impacted by a patient's culture. Each article in this forum is briefly introduced.

Multi-Modal Fusion Network with Multi-Head Self-Attention for Injection Training Evaluation in Medical Education

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted traditional medical training, particularly in critical areas such as the injection process, which require expert supervision. To address the challenges posed by reduced face-to-face interactions, this study introduces a multi-modal fusion network designed to evaluate the timing and motion aspects of the injection training process in medical education. The proposed framework integrates 3D reconstructed data and 2D images of hand movements during the injection process. The 3D data are preprocessed and encoded by a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network to extract temporal features, while a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) processes the 2D images to capture detailed image features. These encoded features are then fused and refined through a proposed multi-head self-attention module, which enhances the model’s ability to capture and weigh important temporal and image dynamics in the injection process. The final classification of the injection process is conducted by a classifier module. The model’s performance was rigorously evaluated using video data from 255 subjects with assessments made by professional physicians according to the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill—Global Rating Score (OSATS-GRS)[B] criteria for time and motion evaluation. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed data fusion model achieves an accuracy of 0.7238, an F1-score of 0.7060, a precision of 0.7339, a recall of 0.7238, and an AUC of 0.8343. These findings highlight the model’s potential as an effective tool for providing objective feedback in medical injection training, offering a scalable solution for the post-pandemic evolution of medical education.

"Hot" affect-related aspects in emotional information processing: The role of facial muscle responses in the direct and indirect processing of emotion categories.

The present study investigated the involvement of facial muscle responses in the indirect and direct processing of emotional facial expressions. Five discrete emotion categories were used, and we assessed both facial muscle and behavioral responses on a trial-by-trial basis. Experiment 1 tested facial muscle activation of clearly visible stimuli in an emotion categorization task. We observed emotion-specific facial muscle responses and corresponding behavioral categorization effects, providing evidence for the specificity of facial muscle activation. By contrast, under masked indirect presentation conditions in which emotional facial expressions were presented as primes in an emotion misattribution procedure, a specific pattern of emotion-congruent and cross-category behavioral misattributions was observed (in line with Rohr et al., 2015, 2018). Multilevel analyses in Study 2 suggest that an emotional reaction feeds into the behavioral decision, as indicated by differential activation of the frontalis lateralis in response to angry faces. Thus, the present study provides evidence that facial muscle responses contribute to behavioral decisions under masked indirect processing conditions. The different pattern of effects in both studies suggests that facial muscle responses index different processes, depending on the processing conditions: sensorimotor simulation in direct processing conditions and emotional reactions in masked indirect processing conditions. We discuss the implications for models that aim to account for facial muscle activity in response to emotional facial expressions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

RESIDUAL - STRESS AND TEMPERATURE FIELDS IN SURFACE TESTING: FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Numerous advancements have been made to treat part surfacing, however, the presence of surface imperfections resulting from finishing processes has raised concerns about their potential to serve as stress concentrators. To address this concern, the present study utilized the power of the finite element method and cutting-edge software applications. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the stress-strain condition of material surfaces post-finishing, leveraging the comprehensive capabilities offered by these software systems. A significant component of the investigation centered on the influence of non-stationary temperature fields, as monitored by dynamic thermoelements, on the stress-strain dynamics within material surfaces. Visualization techniques were employed to depict the specified field functions, revealing notable variations in temperature distribution. The findings demonstrated that the standard function identified the highest temperature area within the 3-7-4 node segment, while the alternative function pinpointed it within the 4-node segment, indicated by the red area. These outcomes highlight the valuable role of non-stationary temperature fields in balancing the mechanical and physical aspects of the finishing process. This study contributes significant insights into the post-finishing stress-strain state of material surfaces, emphasizing the potential advantages of using modern software systems for in-depth exploration.

Evaluating Strategies to Assess the Differentiation Potential of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Review, Analysis and Call for Innovation.

Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to differentiate into all cells and tissues within the human body, and as a result they are attractive resources for use in basic research, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. In order to successfully achieve this application, starting cell sources ideally require in-depth characterisation to confirm their pluripotent status and their ability to differentiate into tissues representative of the three developmental germ layers. Many different methods to assess potency are employed, each having its own distinct advantages and limitations. Some aspects of this characterisation process are not always well standardised, particularly techniques used to assess pluripotency as a function. In this article, we consider the methods used to establish cellular pluripotency and subsequently analyse characterisation data for over 1590 human pluripotent cell lines from publicly available repositories in the UK and USA. In particular, we focus on the teratoma xenograft assay, its use and protocols, demonstrating the level of variation and the frequency with which it is used. Finally, we reflect on the implications of the findings, and suggest in vitro alternatives using modern innovative technology as a way forward.

The Influence of Sustainable Risk Management on the Implementation of Risk-Based Internal Auditing

Risk management exerts a significant influence on the competitiveness of an organization and its operational processes. It presents opportunities for expansion, foresight, and the need to promote sustainability. Many organizations have executed comprehensive risk management processes. Moreover, internal audit has increasingly attracted managers’ attention, forming the basis of modern governance methods. The aim of this study is to examine, from the viewpoint of the agency, the impact of the role of internal auditors, training in risk management, and management support on risk management. Following this, the work examines risk management in terms of the risk-based auditing implementation that is performed by Saudi public organizations. This study encompassed 234 completed and therefore valid questionnaires from the manager and assistance of the internal audit department, internal auditors, accountants, and managers employed in Saudi public organizations. The data collected have been analyzed utilizing Smart Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS). This study’s findings confirmed that there is a significant association between the role of internal auditors in risk management, training in risk management, and between management support and risk management. There is also a significant association between risk management and the implementation of risk-based internal auditing. This study’s findings have significant ramifications for those in charge of public-sector organizations, and sustainability, aiming to enhance the dependability and trustworthiness of the internal audit process and other aspects of financial reports and audits in general. Currently, there is a dearth of published research on the factors that influence risk management and also on risk-based internal auditing. This study contributes to the emerging literature on this subject by examining Saudi public organizations; it also establishes empirical variables through a thorough review of relevant research. Conducted here is an empirical investigation that identifies the factors that affect risk management and then its influence on risk-based internal auditing implementation in the economic system of Saudi Arabia. By focusing on Saudi public organizations, this article highlights other countries that have similar systems of governance rules and procedures in their government-operated entities.

Recyclability of wastepaper containing cellulose nanofibers

Cellulosic/lignocellulosic nanofibers (CNF/LCNF) are value-added products which recently have been considered widely. This study focused on valorization of waste by making CNF from white cutting wastepaper (WCW), which was confirmed by the transmission electron microscope images. The CNF present in the paper recycling process showed significant effects on the final product and process aspects. Addition of 5% CNF (based on dry weight of pulp) to the recycled fibers improved the strength properties as well as the fines retention. But in contrast, the drainage decreased from 303 to 188 mL CSF. Finally, considering the importance of wastepaper history on the quality of recycling process and final products, as a new vision, this study focused on recyclability of wastepaper which has experienced CNF as an additive in their history of papermaking. In this respect, the papers reinforced with nanofibers in their history, after several recycling, experienced less reduction in the tensile and tear indices and fines retention. In summary, it seems that the presence of CNF in the wastepaper can slow down the reduction of product density and process properties during several recycling cycles and so restore their potential for subsequent papermaking cycles.

PTMD 2.0: an updated database of disease-associated post-translational modifications.

Various post-translational modifications (PTMs) participate in nearly all aspects of biological processes by regulating protein functions, and aberrant states of PTMs are frequently associated with human diseases. Here, we present a comprehensive database of PTMs associated with diseases (PTMD 2.0), including 342 624 PTM-disease associations (PDAs) in 15 105 proteins for 93 types of PTMs and 2083 diseases.Based on the distinct PTM states in diseases, we classified all PDAs into six categories: upregulation (U) or downregulation (D) of PTM levels, absence (A) or presence (P) of PTMs, and creation (C) or disruption (N) of PTM sites. We provided detailed annotations for each PDA and carefully annotated disease-associated proteins by integrating the knowledge from 101 additional resources that covered 13 aspects, including disease-associated information, variation and mutation, protein-protein interaction, protein functional annotation, DNA and RNA element, protein structure, chemical-target relationship, mRNA expression, protein expression/proteomics, subcellular localization, biological pathway annotation, functional domain annotation and physicochemical property. With a data volume of ∼8 GB, we anticipate that PTMD 2.0 will serve as a fundamental resource for further analysing the relationships between PTMs and diseases. The online service of PTMD 2.0 is freely available at https://ptmd.biocuckoo.cn/.

"We're Checking a Box and, You Know, Covering Our Own": Health Professionals' Descriptions of Hospital-Policy Making Regarding Child Welfare Reporting Related to Birthing People's Drug Use.

Hospital policies play a role in healthcare providers' decision-making about reporting birthing people who use drugs to child welfare. This study sought to understand how these specific hospital policies are made. We conducted semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals involved in developing or revising hospital policies related to child welfare reporting for birthing people who use drugs. The interview guide was informed by an implementation science framework and focused on participants' experiences developing or revising these policies. We coded transcripts inductively, focusing on themes that emerged in the interviews themselves, and deductively, focusing on pre-determined aspects of the policy development process. Participants (N = 16) were physicians (69%), registered nurses (19%), and social workers (12%). The sample was drawn from all regions of the United States. Two themes emerged in data analysis. The first theme was that urine drug testing policies for pregnant and birthing individuals are seen as part of hospital child welfare reporting policies. Specifically, participants often described child welfare reporting policies as including criteria for urine drug testing and explained that the connection between urine drug testing and child welfare reporting policies was by design. The second theme was that the content of hospital child welfare reporting policies is a result of hospital politics and a focus on legal compliance. They described the legal compliance aspects of the hospital policies as serving to protect the institution and, occasionally, individual employees from legal consequences. The content of hospital policies regarding birthing people who use drugs appears influenced by political and legal considerations more than considerations of patient or public health.

Research Progress and Trend of Biochar based Microbial Fertilizer

Biochar based microbial fertilizer has loose porous structure, which can improve soil structure, improve soil fertility, promote crop growth, and provide strong support for agricultural sustainable development. In this paper, the research progress of biochar based microbial fertilizer in the preparation process, fertilizer efficiency research, application effect and other aspects was reviewed, and it was pointed out that in the future, in-depth research should be carried out in the aspects of preparation process and performance optimization, microbial strain screening and function enhancement, application effect and mechanism research, standardization and standardization system establishment, application field expansion and technology innovation.

A Teaching Design of Ideological and Political Education in the College English Listening Curriculum Based on OBE Concept

Under the guidance and requirements of ideological work in colleges and universities in the new era, curriculum ideology and politics have always been a highly-valued part of political work and curriculum sublimation of the government. As an important content of higher education, college English listening courses should better effectively combine curriculum ideology and politics with teaching contents. This not only enriches the content of English listening teaching activities but also enables students to think deeply and form correct views on life values, moral values and worldviews. In the English teaching method, the OBE concept insists on being “student-centered,” which is a results-oriented education model. On the premise of combining the syllabus and teaching content, this paper designs and discusses the first chapter of unit 3 in the book “Over to You 2” from the aspects of the specific teaching process, the analysis of the OBE concept and the integration of curriculum ideological and political elements, to give inspiration and reference based on the concept of OBE.

CONCEPT MAPS IN THE TEACHING OF SCIENCE: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Assessment and evaluation is one of the most important aspect of the teaching-learning process. Formative assessment plays a key role in evaluation the understanding of the students on regular basis. Concept maps is one such tool which can be used to evaluate the students. Hence keeping this in mind the study conducted focused on investigating the use of concept maps in the teaching of Science which is full of processes and complex concepts. The experimental study conducted on standard sixth students focussed on their ability to make concept maps to represent their understanding of the topics taught by the teacher in the classroom. These findings suggest the importance of using concept maps in teaching of Science to enhance students critical thinking, retention, interest, creativity and the comprehension level. The study emphasized the significance of concept map as a tool and its implications focussing on knowing the students perspectives, support holistic learning and support students discussion. KEY WORD: Science, Concept Maps, Evaluation

Deep learning technology in vascular image segmentation and disease diagnosis

AbstractBlood vessel segmentation is a crucial aspect of medical image processing, aiding medical professionals in more accurate disease analysis and diagnosis. Manual blood vessel segmentation methods are time‐consuming and cumbersome, making the development of automatic segmentation methods essential. The rapid advancements in deep learning technology have introduced new tools and methods for vascular image segmentation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of deep learning‐based blood vessel segmentation methods across various fields, including retinal vessel segmentation, cerebrovascular segmentation, and pulmonary vessel segmentation. Several prevalent diseases, such as retinal vascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pulmonary vascular diseases, and tumors, have posed significant health challenges globally. This review also discusses the application of deep learning technology in disease diagnosis within these contexts. Finally, considering the current research landscape, we discuss existing challenges and potential future developments in blood vessel segmentation. We aim to assist researchers in gaining a comprehensive understanding and designing effective blood vessel segmentation models, ultimately offering opportunities for early disease diagnosis and treatment.

Problems/Issues in Blood Transfusion Process: A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with Nursing Personnel in a Tertiary Care Center of North India

Background Blood and blood product transfusion is an essential component of the health care system. Nursing personnel constitute a significant aspect of the transfusion process as they are the last in the chain of the transfusion process to ultimately transfuse the blood and blood products to the recipient. Nurses face many problems/issues in this process. The present study highlights the problems/issues faced by them in the transfusion of blood and blood products. Objective To explore the problems/issues faced by nursing personnel related to blood and blood products transfusion process in a tertiary care hospital in North India. Methods A qualitative design was used. Three focused group discussions were conducted with 8–10 nurses in each group working in the Emergency Neurosurgery Ward of a tertiary care hospital in North India. Tools used were the sociodemographic and job profile of nurses and a focus group discussion (FGD) guide about blood and blood products transfusion. Each FGD session lasted for 15–20 minutes and data saturation was achieved after three FGDs. Colaizzi’s procedural steps were used to analyse the data. Themes and subthemes were generated. Results and Conclusion The problems/issues identified in the FGD were related to a lack of awareness regarding awareness, transportation, storage in the ward, thawing of fresh frozen plasma, problems in a blood bag, wastage of blood in case of children, inadequate nurse patients ratio, taking consent, Judicial request, proper prescription/orders, related to transfusion responsibilities, monitoring and documentation of blood, and blood products transfusion. The above problem/issues should be addressed and overcome to promote safe transfusion. It is recommended that regular In-service education programs should be planned for nursing personnel to update guidelines awareness, and the developed transfusion monitoring sheet should be implemented, to improve documentation and reduce transfusion errors.

Food Safety: An Essential Aspect of Due Diligence

The investment in a food company is an investment in its brand and consumer trust. Ensuring a solid investment means including a full food safety assessment and inspection in the pre-investment due diligence. This assessment focuses on evaluating the company’s regulatory compliance, operational practices, and reputational standing to identify any risks that could later jeopardize or weaken the investment. Because due diligence is a standard practice for the successful investor, it behooves the food company being considered for investment to conduct its own pre-transaction due diligence. Both the investor and investee due diligence should be conducted by a person with extensive food safety experience and expertise, which may warrant the employ of a qualified food safety consultant. With the purpose of a due diligence being to ensure a safe and financially solid buy, the food safety assessment of a food company is an uncompromisable aspect of the pre-investment process.

Integration indigenous science in merdeka curriculum to strengthen scientific literacy and environmental care in elementary schools: Need analysis

This research aims to analyze the needs of integration indigenous science approach in the Merdeka Curriculum to strengthen scientific literacy and environmental care in elementary schools for elementary school students. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The subjects of this study were 160 elementary school teachers in one of the big cities in Indonesia. Research data collection techniques consist of interviews and questionnaires. The research data analysis technique used an interactive model consisting of data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that the teachers propose the reconstruction of indigenous science into scientific science and its integration in learning based on the national curriculum. Analysis of the needs for multimodal reconstruction of indigenous science in science learning in elementary schools shows a very important category. Multimodal indigenous science is proposed from Javanese culture which is specified with the needs of the elementary school sciences scope with the integration of indigenous science carried out in the content, process and product aspects. The results of the initial study recommend that teachers and future researchers can develop learning tools with a multimodal indigenous science approach in the Merdeka Curriculum to strengthen scientific literacy and care for the environment in elementary schools.

Clinical application of ultrasound in thoracic medial branch block and thoracic cooled-radiofrequency ablation: Case report and literature review

Introduction: Radiofrequency ablation is a procedure used to alleviate pain by destroying nerves with by radiofrequency-generated heat. Traditionally, radiofrequency ablation is preceded by diagnostic medial branch block injections, both guided by fluoroscopy. Fluoroscopic visualization of the superolateral aspect of the thoracic transverse process, where thoracic medial branch nerves occur, can be challenging due to anatomical complexities, especially in obese patients. We present a novel technique in which ultrasound was utilized in conjunction with fluoroscopy to perform medial branch block and radiofrequency ablation of the thoracic medial branch nerves. Case Report: First, two diagnostic thoracic medial branch nerve blocks were performed under ultrasound guidance. For the subsequent radiofrequency ablation, spinal needles were first advanced under ultrasound guidance to the target thoracic medial branch nerves. The position of those spinal needles was then used to guide the placement of cooled radiofrequency ablation probes using fluoroscopy. The patient reported 100% pain relief following the procedures. Discussion: We found that the addition of ultrasound allowed us to overcome the challenge of visualizing the superolateral aspect of thoracic transverse process under fluoroscopy alone. Direct ultrasound visualization allowed us to accurately and safely perform a thoracic medial branch block and radiofrequency ablation in a patient with poor fluoroscopic anatomy, as demonstrated by the patient’s complete pain relief after both medial branch block and radiofrequency ablation. We also theorize that our novel technique allows the provider to directly visualize the pleura, which could reduce the risk of severe pneumothorax associated with thoracic medial branch block and cooled radiofrequency ablation.

Clear insight into complex multimodal resins and impurities to overcome recombinant protein purification challenges: A review.

Increasing attention has been paid to the purity of therapeutic proteins imposing extensive costs and challenges to the downstream processing of biopharmaceuticals. One of the efforts, that has been exerted to overcome such limitations, was developing multimodal or mixed-mode chromatography (MMC) resins for launching selective, orthogonal, non-affinity purification platforms. Despite relatively extensive usage of MMC resins, their real potential and fulfillment have not been extensively reviewed yet. In this work, the explanation of practical and key aspects of downstream processing of recombinant proteins with or without MMC resins was debated, as being useful for further purification process development. This review has been written as a step-by-step guide to deconvolute both inherent protein purification and MMC complexities. Here, after complete elucidation of the potential of MMC resins, the effects of frequently used additives (mobile phase modifiers) and their possible interactions during the purification process, the critical characteristics of common product-related impurities (e.g., aggregates, charge variants, fragments), host-related impurities (e.g., host cell protein and DNA) and process related impurities (e.g., endotoxin, and viruses) with solved or unsolved challenges of traditional and MMC resins have been discussed. Such collective experiences which are reported in this study could be considered as an applied guide for developing successful downstream processing in challenging conditions by providing a clear insight into complex MMC resins and impurities.