Orthodontic Aspects Research Articles

Orthodontic treatment in adults: Challenges, outcomes, and factors affecting compliance and satisfaction.

The demand for orthodontic treatment among adults has witnessed a substantial rise in recent years. This study aims to explore the complexities of adult orthodontics, focusing on challenges faced, treatment outcomes, and the influence of factors such as age, gender, and education on patient compliance and satisfaction. A multi-dimensional approach was employed, combining a review of clinical records with structured patient surveys. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic characteristics, treatment duration, and orthodontic problems addressed. Inferential statistics included Pearson correlation, Chi-squared tests, and analysis of variance to examine age compliance, gendersatisfaction, and education-orthodontic problem relationships. Qualitative analysis enriched findings, and statistical software facilitated data processing. The analysis revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between age and compliance (r = -0.28, P < 0.05), indicating that younger participants demonstrated higher compliance rates. Gender emerged as a significant factor influencing patient satisfaction (P = 0.024), with females reporting notably higher levels of satisfaction than males. Furthermore, participants with advanced education levels (Master's/Ph.D.) were significantly more likely to have orthodontic issues related to malocclusion (P = 0.041). The study provides an insight into the multi-dimensional aspects of adult orthodontics, recognizing the challenges, compliance, and satisfaction levels. Tailored approaches considering age, gender, and education are essential. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of orthodontic treatment in adults and its potential implications for enhanced patient care.

Exploration of Various Extracts of Adhatoda vasica for Use in Orthodontics

Fixed appliances used in orthodontics can alter the oral microbiota, leading to an increase in aggressive gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species. These bacteria are strongly associated with enamel and dentin caries and periodontal disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for pain control during orthodontic treatment which can affect tooth movement and lengthen treatment time. The study evaluated the use of Adhatoda vasica in various aspects of orthodontics. The study involved the extraction of plant material, qualitative phytochemical analysis, GC-MS analysis, antibacterial activity testing, and in vitro toxicity testing on bone cell lines. The results showed that Adhatoda vasica extracts had antimicrobial activity against various pathogens and demonstrated cytocompatibility with bone cell lines. The hydroalcoholic and pet ether extracts showed the most promising results. The study highlights the impact of fixed appliances on oral microbiota, the potential role of Adhatoda vasica in orthodontics, and the need for further research in this area.

Future of Orthodontics-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Emerging Trends in This Field.

Technology is rapidly evolving in the modern world, and the accompanying developments due to its influence are shaping each and every aspect of our life, with the field of orthodontics being no exception. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine such trends in orthodontics and hypothesize which ones would emerge and continue in the near future. After a thorough search of online journals using keywords such as "3D printing," "Aligners," "Artificial intelligence," "Future trends," "Orthodontics," and "Teleorthodontics" across databases of PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus, a total of 634 papers were initially recovered. Technological advancements in 3D printing, Computer-aided design and Computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), biopolymers and Teleorthodontics were the most important categories of development seen across the 17 studies that we selected for our review. All the investigations selected for this systematic review depicted aspects of orthodontics that were influenced by rapid technological changes and could potentially become mainstream in the coming times. However, caution was sought to be observed in the usage/adoption of some of these trends, with social media usage amongst both patients as well as orthodontists being a prime example of this.

DIGITAL ORTHODONTICS- A CONTEMPORARY VIEW OF FUTURISTIC PRACTICE

The world is going digital and so is the speciality of orthodontics. The knowledge of computers is no longer rudimentary and the application of technology in orthodontics has grown exponentially. Conventional methods of running an orthodontic practice were limited and associated with multiple drawbacks. Owning and running a digital orthodontic practice is the need of the hour and necessity of the future. The aim of this review article is to encourage and promote the orthodontic community to integrate digital elements in their practice. This review article discusses in detail about the various aspects of digital orthodontics involving digital office, study models, three-dimensional imaging, rapid prototyping, virtual treatment planning, artificial intelligence and role of robots. This review article provides an insight into the capabilities and clinical application on currently available digital orthodontic technological systems.

Nanomaterials Application in Orthodontics.

Nanotechnology has gained importance in recent years due to its ability to enhance material properties, including antimicrobial characteristics. Nanotechnology is applicable in various aspects of orthodontics. This scientific work focuses on the concept of nanotechnology and its applications in the field of orthodontics, including, among others, enhancement of antimicrobial characteristics of orthodontic resins, leading to reduction of enamel demineralization or control of friction force during orthodontic movement. The latter one enables effective orthodontic treatment while using less force. Emphasis is put on antimicrobial and mechanical characteristics of nanomaterials during orthodontic treatment. The manuscript sums up the current knowledge about nanomaterials’ influence on orthodontic appliances.

Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) for adolescents

Objective The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an instrument developed for assessment of orthodontic aspects of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to translate and validate the Swedish version of PIDAQ for use in Swedish adolescents 12–19 years of age. Material and methods The translation was made according to the process described in ‘Guidelines for Establishing Cultural Equivalency of Instruments’ by Ohrbach et al. Field testing was performed in a group of consecutive patients who were about to start orthodontic treatment (untreated group) and a group of consecutive patients who had recently finished orthodontic treatment (treated group). Results During the translation procedure, a Swedish version of PIDAQ was formed. In the field testing, a total of 144 questionnaires, 72 from untreated patients (mean age 14.6 years) and 72 from treated patients (mean age 17.3 years) were collected. The exploratory factor analysis detected two factors, which differs from the factor structure in the original questionnaire. The mean total PIDAQ score was significantly higher (p < .001) in the untreated group, 40.6 (20.3), than in the treated group, 9.4 (10.5), implying a high discriminant validity. Reliability was excellent, with internal consistency Cronbach’s alpha values varying from 0.94 to 0.97. Conclusion The Swedish version of PIDAQ demonstrates good validity and excellent reliability and is suitable for future research on the effect of malocclusion on OHRQoL in Swedish 12- to 19-year-olds.

Long-term dental stability after orthognathic surgery: a systematic review

Long-term dental stability is one of the main objectives following combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment. It is influenced by multiple factors such as surgical, patient-related, and orthodontic aspects. While recent reviews mainly focus on short-term dental changes (0.5-2 years), longer follow-up dental stability remains hardly reviewed. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term stability of dental and dentolabial changes following combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment with a minimum follow-up period of 5 years. A systematic search was conducted up to December 2019 using Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case series with a minimum of 10 patients, which reported long-term dental stability following combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment, were included. Long-term changes were assessed for overjet, overbite, maxillary, and mandibular incisors' position and relationship of lip position to maxillary and mandibular incisors. Risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. Following the screening of 3178 articles, 11 studies were included (2 RCT, 9 retrospective) with a postoperative follow-up period ranging from 5 to 15 years. A decrease in overjet was observed for patients with skeletal class III malocclusion, whereas overjet increased in class II patients at long-term follow-up. Overbite increased in class II patients, whereas class III showed variable results. The lower incisor position was more stable vertically than horizontally; the latter showing more outcome variability. Dentolabial changes corresponded to the normal ageing process and results were not clinically significant after long-term follow-up. Current evidence suggests variability of dental and dentolabial stability in both skeletal class II and III patients. Further prospective studies are required to develop guidelines for long-term follow-up assessment using computer tomography or cone-beam computed tomography imaging, before final conclusions can be drawn. The protocol for this systematic review (CRD42020133844) was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).

Social media and orthodontics: A commentary on a systematic review.

Data sources The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, and CENTRAL from 1946 to 31 March 2018 were searched to identify eligible studies. Information sources in the Grey literature were also searched.Study selection Randomised and non-randomised studies as well as retrospective studies irrespective of their language were selected by two reviewers independently.Data extraction and synthesis Data extraction and risk of bias assessments were performed by two reviewers independently. Data were synthesised qualitatively. Quantitative syntheses were not possible because of high heterogeneity.Results One randomised controlled trial, four cross-sectional studies, and three retrospective studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria. The quality of the evidence in the included studies was predominantly of low to moderate quality. All studies reported on Twitter, three on YouTube, two on Facebook and one study referred also to Google+, Pinterest, Instagram, and Internet Blogs. The included studies reported on the informational value of social media on various aspects of orthodontic treatment and patients' health experiences during orthodontic treatment.Conclusions The authors of this review concluded that social media represent a basic resource for exchanging knowledge on a wide variety of aspects of orthodontics.

Tooth autotransplantation 2: the interdisciplinary approach with emphasis on the orthodontic aspects

Autotransplantation relies on successful interdisciplinary teamwork, utilizing the skills of each team member to optimize the outcome. During treatment planning, orthodontic input is required to determine whether orthodontic treatment is indicated and if a suitable donor tooth will be available. The orthodontist has a role in providing pre-surgical orthodontics to prepare the recipient site for the donor tooth and post-surgical orthodontics to correct the malocclusion fully and achieve the treatment goals. This article will outline the role of the interdisciplinary team members with an emphasis on the orthodontic aspects of treatment planning and the orthodontic treatment components of the autotransplantation pathway. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Orthodontists have a key role in the autotransplantation team for both planning and provision of care. This article provides information for clinicians who wish to refer patients for autotransplantation or provide orthodontic care as part of the interdisciplinary team.

A review on the applications of nanotechnology in orthodontics

Objective (s): Nanotechnology has gained importance in recent years due to its ability in the enhancement of materials properties and other specifications such as antimicrobial properties. Nano-sized materials have been applied in various fields of dentistry. Nanotechnology can be employed in orthodontics to enhance the quality of treatment. In the current study, a comprehensive review is carried out on the applications of nanotechnology in orthodontics. Materials and Methods: In the first step, various databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar and Pubmed were searched by using appropriate keywords for the present study. Afterwards, the related resources were selected to be reviewed. Finally, the key findings of the reviewed studies were represented and summarized. Results: Based on the reviewed researches, nanotechnology is applicable in various aspects of orthodontics. By using nanotechnology, improved properties in mechanical and medical specifications are achievable. For instance, by using nano coating in archwires, the friction force between components can be reduced and facilitate its motion. In addition, adding some types of nano particles to the composites resulted in improvement in tensile and shear bond strength. Antimicrobial properties of specific nano particles such as silver makes them favorable for reducing microorganisms in orthodontics treatment. Moreover, nanotechnology can be used in nano-identation test to assess the tools employed in orthodontics. Conclusion: nanotechnology can be broadly employed in orthodontics to achieve better treatment including improved strength of utilized materials, more accurate positioning and reduced microorganisms.

An Introduction to Preventive Orthodontics

The prevention of the malcoolusion and the control of dental spaces are problem are in the scope of preventive Orthodontics. The supervision of caries control, teeth eruption sequence and the treatment of the local factors which may influence the eruption of the permanent tooth are done during this period. With the recent improvement in diagnostic tools, novel potential therapeutic devices and techniques it is now easier for the orthodontist to adopt several techniques in the clinic to prevent the occurrence of malocclusion. However, the most significant barrier to providing the preventive orthodontic care by the practitioners may be related to the lack of self-confidence relating to the effectiveness of their chosen treatment plan. When preventive dentistry is practiced properly it helps in the proper development of functional occlusion and reduces the chance of the development of malocclusion. This article will focus on various aspects of preventive orthodontics.

Orthodontic Aspects on the Chronological and Dental Age in Children with Down Syndrome

Genetics is a key discipline in medicine, but also a clinical discipline with medical and social implications. The interest in reducing the number of genetic disorders and recognizing the risk of them repeating when a family confronts itself with a genetic anomaly becomes more and more important in the hierarchy of prophylactic emergencies. Presenting themselves as metabolic diseases (monogenic mutations) or malformations (polygenic and multifactorial heredity) because of their frequency, these disorders position themselves on an ascendant curve. They become difficult to deal with for the society, for the family and for the interested individual and cause emotional disorders. The Down syndrome is the most frequent type of genetic disorder. It is characterized by a specific set of signs and symptoms. People with Down syndrome require special medical care that, apart from the family, must include a team of doctors of various specializations and also a dentist. They are predisposed to hearing and sight disorders and thyroid problems as well. In 50% of the cases there are also anomalies of the heart, and the risk of leukaemia is 20 times higher. Some of them even develop an Alzheimer type dementia during their life. The people with Down syndrome can have an average IQ up to a moderate form of handicap. In particular, the studies on Down syndrome in dentistry are quite frequent, but they focus more on cavities, periodontal disease and hypodontia. In spite of this, the connection of Down syndrome and dental eruption is less studied. Consequently, the present study is intended to fill this missing part from the specialized literature, focusing on the relation between the Down syndrome and the chronological and dental ages in children. The health of the oral cavity is neglected in these patients, their parents focusing more on the treatment of the other systemic disorders of their children; the lack of interest is reflected in their poor oral hygiene.The trial group included 94 children with mixt dentition, aged between 6 and 12, divided as follows: 36 children with Down syndrome enrolled at the Educational Centre for Inclusive Education no. 1 of Tg. Mures and Alpha Transilvana Foundation. The chronology and the eruption sequences are subjected to certain variations and they are influenced by the presence of cavities, the premature loss or, on the contrary, the prolonged retention of deciduous teeth as well as dental anchylosis. Dental maturation is less subjected to variations, as it is a progressive, continuous and cumulative process. The presence of Down syndrome in children generates a delay in teeth eruption by 1.27 years compared to the data identified in the specialized literature and to the information obtained on the healthy children included in the study.

The Aberrant Canine Part 2: Treatment

Abstract: The eruption of the permanent canine, particularly the maxillary tooth, is a milestone in dental development. Although often uneventful, occasionally there are disturbances in eruption, the management of which can be one of the more challenging aspects of orthodontics. This article gives an overview of the possible treatments of the aberrant canine tooth. Clinical Relevance: Awareness of the possible sequelae of unerupted canines is important in diagnosis and treatment planning.

The aberrant canine part 1: aetiology and diagnosis

Abstract: The eruption of the permanent canine, particularly the maxillary tooth, is a milestone in dental development. Although often uneventful, occasionally there are disturbances in eruption, the management of which can be one of the more challenging aspects of orthodontics. This article is presented in two parts. Part 1 gives an overview of the possible aetiology and diagnosis of the aberrant canine tooth. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Awareness of the possible sequelae of unerupted canines is important in diagnosis and treatment planning.

Survey on the practice of lingual orthodontics in india

Aim: Lingual orthodontics provides an esthetic option of orthodontic treatment, especially for the adults. Lingual orthodontics being an important treatment modality requires extensive training and expertise for honest outcomes. In this study, we have composed a questionnaire to obtain the trend in the practice of lingual orthodontics in India. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was composed of several aspects of lingual orthodontics. The survey instrument was hosted electronically on a secure website, www.typeform.com http://www.typeform.com >. The survey was optimized for presentation on tablets, mobiles, and laptops, which were the platforms used by participants to take the survey. The survey data were received and saved by the same secure website. Pearson Chi-square test was done using SPSS 17.0 version software to determine the correlation between treatment outcome and the use of laboratory for the initial setup. Results: A total of 248 orthodontists responded to the survey, 70% orthodontists said that they practice lingual orthodontics. Among the orthodontists who practice lingual orthodontics, 71% orthodontists treat extraction and nonextraction cases and 29% treat only nonextraction cases. Forty percent orthodontists said their final finishing of case is good, 16% said that final finishing is average, 26.5% said that final finishing is very good, and only 17.5% said that it is excellent. Statistically significant correlation exists ( P = 0.004) between the treatment outcome and use of laboratory for initial setup. Conclusion: Many orthodontists are taking up lingual cases in India. Survey indicates that there is still room for betterment in terms of the final treatment outcome, and many orthodontists feel that there is need of formal training for expertise in lingual orthodontics.

Experimental evidence of pharmacological management of anchorage in Orthodontics: A systematic review.

Introduction: Orthodontic anchorage is one of the most challenging aspects of Orthodontics. Preventing undesired movement of teeth could result in safer and less complicated orthodontic treatment. Recently, several reviews have been published about the effects of different molecules on bone physiology and the clinical side effects in Orthodontics. However, the effects of local application of these substances on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement have not been assessed. Objectives: The aim of this research was to analyze the scientific evidence published in the literature about the effects of different molecules on orthodontic anchorage. Methods: The literature was systematically reviewed using PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Cochrane databases from 2000 up to July 31st, 2014. Articles were independently selected by two different researchers based on previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a concordance Kappa index of 0.86. The methodological quality of the reviewed papers was performed.Results: Search strategy identified 270 articles. Twenty-five of them were selected after application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, and only 11 qualified for final analysis. Molecules involved in orthodontic anchorage were divided into three main groups: osteoprotegerin (OPG), bisphosphonates (BPs) and other molecules (OMs). Conclusions: Different drugs are able to alter the bone remodeling cycle, influencing osteoclast function and, therefore, tooth movement. Thus, they could be used in order to provide maximal anchorage while preventing undesired movements. OPG was found the most effective molecule in blocking the action of osteoclasts, thereby reducing undesired movements.

G.P.135: Dental and orthodontic aspects of myotonic dystrophy type 1

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults with autosomal dominant inheritance and multisystemic involvements. The core features comprise progressive myopathy, often with a pronounced facial muscle atrophy and weakness. The aim of this study is to characterize dental and orthodontic aspects of this disease and to discuss possibles therapeutic strategies. The study concerned 16 patients, 6 women and 10 men, aged 13–63 years, with the genetically proved DM1. All patients were evaluated with clinical orthodontic and dental examination as well as a panoramic radiograph and lateral cephalogram. A general facial examination revealed: long face, frontal baldness, ptosis, hypomimia, temporal and masseter muscles weakness, atrophy and myotonia, large tongue in abnormal position at rest and tongue movements impairment due to myotonia, mouth breathing and gothic palate. An orthodontic examination showed class II malocclusion in 5 patients, class III malocclusion in 5 patients, anterior openbite in 7 patients, lateral crossbite in 3 patients and dental anomalies in 14 patients. A lateral cephalogram revealed abnormal development of the mandible (mandibular angle increase with posterior rotation of the condylar process and the open configuration of the jaws) in 11 patients. The majority of patients suffered from mastication difficulties, insufficient oral hygiene with multiple cavities and periodontal disease. All patients required a general dental treatment. Five patients required prosthetic treatment, two - orthodontic, surgical and prosthetic treatment, four - orthodontic and surgical treatment, two - orthodontic treatment. Two patients did not require orthodontic intervention. Progressive facial muscles weakness and myotonia result in malocclusions in patients with DM1. Orthodontic treatment requires multidisciplinary care to provide the most comprehensive treatment plan for DM1 patients.

Moving an incisor across the midline: A treatment alternative in an adolescent patient

A 13-year-old sought treatment for a severely compromised maxillary left central incisor and an impacted fully developed left canine. Extraction of both teeth became necessary. As the key component of the revised comprehensive treatment plan, the right maxillary central incisor was moved into the position of the left central incisor. All other maxillary teeth were moved mesially to close any gaps. Active orthodontic treatment was completed after 34 months. Frenectomy, minor periodontal surgeries, and bonded lingual retainers were used to improve aesthetics and stabilize the tooth positions. The patient was pleased with the treatment outcome. Cone-beam computed tomography provided evidence that the tooth movement was accompanied by a deviation of the most anterior portion of the median palatine suture. This observation may make relapse more likely if long-term retention cannot be ensured. Root resorption was not observed as a consequence of the major tooth movement.

Lingual orthodontics: a new approach using the STb light lingual system and lingual straight wire

Lingual orthodontics: a new approach using the STb light lingual system and lingual straight wire Authors: Giuseppe Scuzzo, and Kyoto Takemoto. Publisher: Quintessence Publishing Co. Ltd., New Malden, Surrey, UK Price: £154.00 ISBN: 978-1-85097-192-4 This 256 page hardcover book follows on from the previous edition, Invisible Orthodontics, and brings the reader up to date with some of the latest techniques in treating patients with the only truly invisible orthodontic appliance—the lingual appliance. The book also contains contributions from many of the World's leading lingual orthodontists, Fillion and Komori to name two. The authors highlight that the book has been adopted for the University of Ferrara postgraduate course in lingual orthodontics. While the book covers many aspects of lingual orthodontics, some are lacking, for …

Orthodontic-surgical treatment of dentofacial anomalies: an integrated aesthetic-functional approach

This textbook is aimed at both the orthodontic and surgical aspects of orthognathic treatment and comes complete with a DVD illustrating a case from start to finish. The book is divided into 14 chapters covering diagnosis and treatment planning; pre- and post-operative orthodontic treatment; mandibular and maxillary surgery and the associated soft tissue changes; surgical planning and complications and common errors. The final chapter shows the pre- and post-treatment records of 33 clinical …