Exploration of Various Extracts of Adhatoda vasica for Use in Orthodontics

Abstract

Fixed appliances used in orthodontics can alter the oral microbiota, leading to an increase in aggressive gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species. These bacteria are strongly associated with enamel and dentin caries and periodontal disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for pain control during orthodontic treatment which can affect tooth movement and lengthen treatment time. The study evaluated the use of Adhatoda vasica in various aspects of orthodontics. The study involved the extraction of plant material, qualitative phytochemical analysis, GC-MS analysis, antibacterial activity testing, and in vitro toxicity testing on bone cell lines. The results showed that Adhatoda vasica extracts had antimicrobial activity against various pathogens and demonstrated cytocompatibility with bone cell lines. The hydroalcoholic and pet ether extracts showed the most promising results. The study highlights the impact of fixed appliances on oral microbiota, the potential role of Adhatoda vasica in orthodontics, and the need for further research in this area.